GRE-新PPO两套verbal完整版

PPO两套verbal完整版PPO两套verbal完整版1PPO第?一套verbal部分2必考section难度：median2?自适应section难度：easy8?自适应section难度：median13?自适应section难度：hard18PPO第?二套verbal部分23必考section难度：median23?自适应section难度：easy29?自适应section难度：median34?自适应section难度：hard39第1?页PPO第?一套verbal部分答案获取 ?方式：关注微信公众“张号巍 ?老”老，师输 ?“入PPO答案”必考section 难度：median1.Fortheurbanresearcher,thelonglivesofancientcitiescanprovideamplechronologicaldata,makingupforthepaucitystemmingfromtherelative_____ofmostpresent-daycities. （1100题35-2）complexityformlessnesstransparencydiversityyouthfulnessTheactivists’prodigiousactivityonbehalfofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovementinthelatenineteenthcenturybeliestheassertionthatthetwomovementswere_____.OG原题改编）A.in?uentialB.controversialC.inimicalD.elitistE.transitoryInlightofthedecadesofduelingstudiesaboutwhethertheextinctionofthedinosaursresultedfromanasteroidstrikeorfromvolcaniceruptions,itisincreasinglyapparentthattherelevantmineral-depositevidenceissimply(i)_____evenifthescientistsadvancingthevariousclaimssound(ii)_____.blank(i) blank(ii)A.uncontroversial D.decisiveB.ambiguous E.pessimisticC.accessible F.conciliatory4.TheHippocraticoathandotherethicalcodesthatguidedthemedicalprofessionforcenturiesgenerally(i)_____thenotionoftruthtelling;indeed,oneofHippocrates ’injunctions —tokeepsickfromharmandinjustice —encouragedtheoppositebehavior,(ii)_____.blank(i) blank(ii)A.omitted D.integrityB.exaggerated E.deceptionC.emphasized F.recklessnessBecausethebookislargelyconcernedwithanexaminationofvarious(i)_____oftenencounteredincontemporarythinking,suchasanexaggeratedappreciationformeaninglesscoincidenceandacredulousacceptanceofpseudosciences,muchofthewritinghasa(ii)_____qualitytoit.Nevertheless,itavoidstheoverlyearnestandscoldingtonecommontomanysuchendeavors.（1100题17-4）第2?页blank(i) blank(ii)A.inadequacies D.debunkingB.abstractions E.speculativeC.complexities F.generalizingInscience,notallerrorsare(i)_____.Historianshaveunearthedanumberofinstancesinwhichanincorrectideaprovedfarmore(ii)_____thanthousandsofothersthatweretriviallymistakenornarrowlycorrect.Thesearethe(iii)_____mistakes:errorsthattouchondeep,fundamentalfeaturesoftheworldaroundusandpromptfurtherresearchthatleadstomajorbreakthroughs.Mistakestheycertainlyare,butscienceswouldbefarworseoffwithoutthem.blank(i)blank(ii)blank(iii)A.reportedaccuratelyD.insidiousG.exaggeratedB.detectedearlyE.potentH.unavoidableC.createdequalF.inconsequentialI.productiveAccordingtovonKármán,ascientistseekstounderstandwhatis;anengineer,tocreatewhatneverwas.Butdichotomiesareseldomclear-cut.Whenascientistproposesatrulynewhypothesisabout,say,theoriginoftheuniverse,thathypothesis“neverwas”priortoitsarticulatibythatscientist.Einstein,certainlyaprototypicalscientist,tookthatview,criticizingphysicistandphilosopherErnstMachforhaving"thoughtthatsomehowtheoriesarisebymeansofdiscoveryratherthaninvention.”SciencehistorianThomas.HughesPnotesthattoEinstein,inventionwasthemanipulationnotonlyofthingsbutalsoofconcepts.Einsteinbelievedthatanartifactwasamaterializedconceptandthatahard-and-fastlinebetweentechnologyandsciencesimplydidnotexist.7.TheprimarypurposeofthepassageistoA.suggestthatacertaintermisoftenmisunderstoodB.questionthebasisforaparticulardistinctionC.showhowone?eldhasbeenin?uencedbyanotherD.arguethatoneviewofadichotomyhaschangedovertimeE.examinetheoriginsofascienti?ctheory8.TheauthorofthepassagementionsMachmostlikelyinordertoA.provideacontrastthatilluminatesEinstein ’sviewB.identifyaninspirationforvonKarman ’sviewsC.showhowperspectivesonthenatureofinventionhavechangedovertimeD.showhowEinstein ’sviewofMachin?uencedotherscientists ’viewsaboutinventionE.illustrateEinstein ’sandMach ’aboutthevalueoftechnologyInthelatenineteenthcentury,artcriticsregardedseventeenth-centuryDutchpaintingsasdirectre?ectionsofreality.Thepaintingswerediscussedasanindexofthedemocracyofasocietythatchosetorepresentitsclasses,actions,andoccupationsexactlyastheywere;wide-rangingrealismwasseenasthegreataccomplishmentofDutchart.However,theachievementofmorerecentstudyofDutcharthasbeentherecoveryofthefactthatthe”realistic”paintingsaremothandepictionsofdailylife.Theyare,ofcourse,thattoo,butithasnowbecomeclearthatsuchpaintingsaretobetakenassymbolizingmortality,thetransienceofearthlylife,andthepowerofGod,andasmessagesthatrangefromthemildlymoralizingtothe?rmlydidactic.Howexplicitandconsistentthesymbolizingprocesswasintendedtobeisamuchthorniermatter,butanyonewhohasmorethanapassingacquaintancewithDutchliteratureorwiththekindsofimagesusedin第3?页illustratedbooks(aboveallemblembooks)willrecognizehowpervasivewasthehabitofinvestingordinaryobjectsandfamiliarsceneswithmeaningsthatgobeyondtheirsurfaceandoutwardappearance.Inthemid-1960s,EddydeJonghpublishedanextraordinaryarrayofmaterialespeciallyfromtheemblembooksandvernacularliterature-thatcon?rmedtheunreliabilityoftakingDutchpicturesatsurfacevaluealone.Themajorordif?culty,howeverwiththe?ndingsofcriticssuchasdeJonghisthatitisnoteasytoassessthemultiplicityoflevelsinwhichDutchviewersinterpretedthesepictures.DeJongh’followerstypicallyregardthepicturesaspurelysymbolic.NoteveryobjectwithinDutchpaintingsneedbeinterpretedintermsoftheglossgiventoitsequivalentrepresentationintheemblembooks.NoteveryfootwarmeristobeinterpretedintermsofthefootwarmerinRoemerVisscherSinnepoppenof1614;noteverybridleisanemblemofrestraint(thoughmanywereindeedjustthat).TomaintainasBrowndoes,thatthetwochildreninNetscher’spaintingALadyTeachingaChildtoRead“standforindustryandidleness"istofailtounderstandthatthepaintinghasavarietyofpossiblemeanings,eventhoughthepictureundoubtedlycarriesunmistakablesymbolicmeanings,too.Modernarthistoriansmaywell?ndthediscoveryofparallelsbetweenapaintingandaspeci?cemblemexciting;theymay,likeseventeenth-centuryviewers,searchforthedoublemeaningsthatliebehindmanypaintings.Butseventeenth-centuryresponsecanhardlybereducedtothelevelofformula.Tosuggestotherwiseistoimplyalaboriousnessofmentalprocessthatmaywellcharacterizemoderninterpretationsofseventeenth-centuryDutchart,butthatwas,forthemostpart,notcharacteristicintheseventeenthcentury.（200篇passage153）9.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithwhichofthefollowing?A.reconcilingtwodifferentpointsofviewabouthowartre?ectsrealityB.criticizingatraditionalmethodofinterpretationC.tracingthedevelopmentofaninnovativescholarlyapproachD.describingandevaluatingarecentcriticalapproachE.describingalong-standingcontroversyandhowitwasresolved10.TheauthorofthepassagementionsbridlesinthehighlightedportionofthepassagemostlikelyinordertoA.suggestthatrestraintwasonlyoneofthemanysymbolicmeaningsattachedtobridlesB.provideanexampleofaneveryday,physicalobjectthatwasnotendowedwithsymbolicmeaningC.provideanexampleofanobjectthatmoderncriticshaveendowedwithsymbolicmeaningdifferentfromthemeaningassigneditbyseventeenth-centuryDutchartistsD.provideanexampleofanobjectwithsymbolicmeaningthatwasnotalwaysusedasasymbolE.provideanexampleofaneverydayobjectthatappearsinasigni?cantnumberofseventeenth-centuryDutchpaintings11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofthelastparagraphofthepassage?A.Itprovidesspeci?capplicationsofthecriticalapproachintroducedintheprecedingparagraph.B.Itpresentsacaveataboutthecriticalapproachdiscussedintheprecedingparagraph.C.Itpresentstheresearchonwhichatheorypresentedintheprecedingparagraphisbased.D.Itrefutesatheorypresentedintheprecedingparagraphandadvocatesareturntoamoretraditionalapproach.E.Itprovidesfurtherinformationaboutanunusualphenomenondescribedintheprecedingparagraph.Thepassagesuggestswhichoffollowingaboutemblembooksinseventeenth-centuryHolland?第4?页A.Theycon?rmthatseventeenth-centuryDutchpaintingsdepictsomeobjectsandscenesrarelyfoundindailylife.B.Theyaremoreusefulthanvernacularliteratureinprovidinginformationaboutthesymboliccontentofseventeenth-centuryDutchpainting.C.Theyhavebeenmisinterpretedbyartcritics,suchasdeJongh,whoclaimseventeenth-centuryDutchpaintingscontainsymbolicmeaning.D.Theyarenotusefulininterpretingseventeenth-centuryDutchlandscapepainting.E.Theycontainmaterialthatchallengestheassumptionsoflatenineteenth-centurycriticsaboutseventeenth-centuryDutchpainting.13.InInuitculture,elaboratecarvinghasoftenbeenusedtoenhance_____objectssuchasharpoonheadsandothertools. （1100题21-8）utilitarianfunctionaldomesticdecorativemanufacturedornamental14.Peopleenjoylisteningtothegovernor ’sinspiringspeeches,andhiseloquencelullshisadversariesintounderestimatinghis_____,thetemperedsteelbeneaththesleeksuits. （1100题85-8）A.tenacityB.resolveC.resourcefulnessD.kindnessE.compassionF.frankness15.AlthoughinEuropeaftertheFirstWorldWarmeteorologyheldthesamerankasastronomy,intheUnitedStatestopacademicinstitutionsdidnottreatitasa?eld_____anyphysicalscience.A.un?tforB.equivalenttoC.fundamentaltoD.pertinenttoE.incongruouswithF.commensuratewithInonecommentator’sview,modernfreetradersarecomplete_____becausetheyshownointerestinpracticality,nuance,or?exibilityontheissueoffreetrade.ideologuescynicszealotssimpletonshypocritesphoniesComparedwithdoctorswhoseepatientsonlyintheirof?ces,doctorswhoseetheirpatientsinthepatients’homesdevelopamorepersonalrelationshipwiththem.Theirpatientsarealsolesslikelytobringmalpracticesuitsagainstthem.Thislowerrateofmalpracticesuitsclearlysupportsthecommonbeliefthathavingacloserelationshipwithadoctorincreasesapatient’swillingnesstogivethatdoctorthebene?tofthedoubtwhendif?cultiesarise.第5?页17.Whichofthefollowing,iftrueofdoctorswhomakehousecalls,mostseriouslyweakenstheargument?Theyaremorelikelythanaredoctorswhodonotmakehousecallstobelievethatadoctor'sbedsidemannerisanimportantpartofmedicaltreatment.B.Theyseetheirpatientsmorefrequentlythandodoctorswhodonotmakehousecallsandsoacquiremoreinformationaboutthepatients ’conditions.C.Theytendtohavefeweryearsofexperienceatpracticingmedicinethandodoctorswhodonotmakehousecalls.D.Theyperformallthesametypesoftreatmentasdoctorswhodonotmakehousecalls.E.Theyarenotchargedanylessformalpracticeinsurancethanaredoctorswhodonotmakehousecalls.FollowingtheUnitedStatesCivilWar(1861-1865),manyformerslavesintheruralSouthbecamesharecroppers(raisingalandlord ’scropforashareofthepro?ts)ortenantfarmers(sellingwhattheyraisedandpayingashareofthepro?tsasrent). MosthistorianstendtodepicttheseAfricanAmericansasvictimsofracismandthefarmtenancysystem. Thisapproach,however,overlookstheroleplayedbysuchAfricanAmericanruralreformersasRobertLloydSmith,founderoftheFarmers'ImprovementSocietyofTexas,andJosephElwardClayton,the?rstAfricanAmericantoorganizefarmers'institutesfortheTexasDepartmentofAgriculture.BothmenadvocatedcomfortablehomesandbetterschoolsforAfricanAmericans;bothattributedpovertyandilliteracytocausesotherthanracism,suchasinsectdamagetocrops;andbothworkedtokeepBlackfarmersontheland,althoughSmithopposedfarmtenancy.BothwerealsoaccusedbytheircontemporariesofdownplayingthedevastatingimpactofthefarmtenancysystemonBlackfarmersandofaccommodatingracism.Whiletheextentofthesereformers'in?uencerequiresmorestudy,clearlytheirorganizationsprovidedavoiceforAfricanAmericanfarmersseekingtoimprovetheirpositionsintheagrarianSouth. （200篇passage81）18.ThepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithrestoringthereputationsoftworeformerswhoseaccomplishmentshavelongbeendenigratedbyhistoriansB.refutingcriticismsoftworeformersmadebytheircontemporariesbydemonstratingthatthosecriticismsarebaselessC.providingevidencetosupportaclaimthathistorians'understandingofaparticularphenomenonmaybeincompleteD.discussingsomeofthereasonsthattworeformerswhowerewell-knownduringtheirlifetimesareconsideredbyhistorianstodaytohavebeenineffectiveE.suggestinganalternativeinterpretationoftheeffectofthefarmtenancysystemontheeconomyoftheruralSouthfollowingtheCivilWarSelectthesentencethatidenti?esaprevailingscholarlyview.TheauthorofthepassagewouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningSmithandClayton?A.MoreresearchisrequiredtodeterminewhetherornottheirorganizationsweretypicalofthoseestablishedtoaidAfricanAmericanfarmersinthepost-CivilWarruralSouth.B.TheircontributionstotheimprovementofthelivingconditionsofAfricanAmericanfarmerswereovershadowedbysubsequentpoliticalcontroversy.C.Theirachievementsasreformershavebeenexaggeratedbymanyhistoriansofthepost-CivilWarperiod.第6?页D.ThereisevidencedemonstratingthattheywerecommittedtoaidingAfricanAmericanfarmersintheruralSouth.E.Theextentofthecriticismsmadeaboutthembytheircontemporariesisdif?culttodetermine.第7?页?自适应section 难度：easyThemainthrustofherargumentwasthatwagedifferences,farfrombeing_____,doinfactre?ecteducation,skills,experience,andotherfactorsthatmakeemployeesmoreproductive.(1100题104-2）A.rationalB.divergentC.arbitraryD.discernibleE.attributableThegovernment,havingconsistentlyfailedinitsforeignpolicytoapplytheprincipleoftheself-determinationofpeoples,hasbeen________bythosecriticswhosupporttheuniversalapplicationofthatprinciple.A.impugnedB.subduedC.excusedD.extolledE.sustained3.ThedocumentationofEarth ’sbiodiversityiscomplicatedbythe(i)_____taxonomists.Thoseexpertsinclassifyingspeciestendtobe(ii)_____NorthAmericaandEurope,whereasmostoftheundocumentedbiodiversityislikelyinthetropics. （1100题27-3）blank(i) blank(ii)A.unevendistributionof D.clusteredinB.theoreticalcommitmentsof E.oblivioustoC.professionalrivalriesamong F.exportedfromFolkmusic,havingremained(i)_____byreinforcingethnicidentitiesandadvocatingsocialchange,hasnevertheless(ii)_____theruralareaswhereitoriginallydeveloped.blank(i) blank(ii)A.traditional D.characterizedB.dormant E.changedC.vital F.declinedinPhotovoltaiccells,whichconvertlightdirectlytoelectricity,aresafe,havenomovingparts,operateatambienttemperature,andlastfordecades.Itwouldthereforeseemthattheyareoneofthemore(i)_____waystoharnesstheSun ’senergy.However,thereisanobvious(ii)_____widespreadapplication,andthatis(iii)_____:electricitygeneratedfromphotovoltaiccellsisgettingcheaper,butitstillcostsmorethanthegoingrateinmostplaces.blank(i)blank(ii)blank(iii)A.elaborateD.inducementtoG.expenseB.commonplaceE.dangerinH.complexityC.attractiveF.obstacleI.safety第8?页Itishighlysigni?cantthatcomparedwithfellowRenaissanceartistsMichelangeloandRaphael,LeonardodaVinciwas(i)_____theancientworld,whichmanyintheRenaissanceviewedasamodelofheroicbehaviorinart.Tobesure,Leonardowasnot(ii)_____antiquity:arecentlydiscovereddrawingforastatueofHerculesshedslightonLeonardo’splanforamajorworkconcerningthatheroofancientGreekmythology.ButtherewassomethingintheRenaissancereverenceforantiquityasa?xedvalue,asanidealoutsidetime,that(iii)_____Leonardo’sfascinationwiththeimmediate,themutable,andtheelusive.blank(i)blank(ii)blank(iii)A.farlessfascinatedbyD.indifferenttoG.neverquiteaccordedwithB.notatallinspiredbyE.obsessedbyH.providedtherationaleforC.moreslavishlydevotedtoF.uncriticaltowardsI.servedasthemodelforCertainpracticescommonintheearlyUnitedStatesmakeiteasyforhistorianstounderestimatetheextentofAmericanwomen’spaidlabor.Underthelegalprinciplecalledcoverture,marriedwomenhadnolegallyrecognizedeconomicexistenceapartfromtheirhusbandsandcouldnotreceivewagesfortheirwork.Recordsofpaymentsforoutwork(workperformedinthehomeonapiece-ratebasis)showmalenamesaswagerecipients.Onehastolookinthecolumnsrecordingtheamountofworkcompletedtoseethatfemalenamesarelistedasproducers.Furthermore,mostwagelaborerswerepaidpartlyingoodsandreceivedcashwagesonlyquarterlyoronceortwiceayear.Theinfrequencyofsuchpaymentshassometimesmadeitdif?cultforhistorianstorecognizethemaswages.Accordingtothepassage,paymentstowagelaborersintheearlyUnitedStateswereA.usuallylowerforoutworkthanforotherkindsofwagelaborB.consistentlyhigherformaleworkersthanforfemaleworkersC.paidtomaleworkersatmorefrequentintervalsthantofemaleworkersD.oftenpaidpartlyinformsotherthancashE.oftennotrecordedbyemployersThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutrecordsofpaymentsforoutwork?A.Theyhaveonlyrecentlyreceivedattentionfromhistorians.B.Theycouldeasilybemisinterpretedbyhistorians.C.Theyhavefrequentlybeenoverlookedbyhistorians.D.Theyshowadiscrepancybetweentheamountofmen ’sandwomen’swages.E.Theyfailtore?ecttheinfrequencyofpaymentsforcompletedwork.Theoccurrenceofdenseaggregationsofthefruit-bearingtreeBrosimumalicastrumonornearMayaruincomplexesinCentralAmericawasinitiallyinterpretedasevidenceofancientMayasilviculture,i.e.,thestandswererelictsoforchardsplantedbytheMaya.Laterwork,however,suggestedthatthestandsresultedfromtheArtibeusbatsthatroostamongtheruins.Thebats?ytotheforest,collectthefruit,bringitbacktotheirroost,eatthefruit,andthendiscardtheundamagedseed.Thecontinualinputofbat-dispersedseedhasmaintainedtheclumpsofB.alicastrumaroundruinsformanyhundredsofyears.Thisobservation,however,doesnotnegatethepossibilitythatB.alicastrumwasusedandmanagedbytheMaya.Infact,ifweexaminethebehavior,ratherthanthedensityorlocationofthesetreepopulations,wearepresentedwithstrongevidenceofdeliberategeneticimprovement.ThisisespeciallynotableintheB.alicastrumtreesthatclusteraroundtheMayaruinsatTikalinGuatemala:thesetrees'productivityisalmosttwicethatoftreesinVeracruz,Mexico,underalmostidenticalenvironmentalconditions.第9?页9. “Thecontinualinputofbat-dispersedseed ”ismentionedinthepassageaspartofanexplanationforA.theproductivityofcertainstandsofB.alicastrumB.thepresenceofstandsofB.alicastrumincertainlocationsC.thedisplacementoffruittreesfromMayaorchardsD.changesintheappearanceofMayaruinsE.changesintheforestaroundMayaruinsThepassageimplieswhichofthefollowingabouttheB.alicastrumtreesobservedatTikal?A.TheyrepresentastrainthatmayhavebeenbroughttoTikalfromMexico.B.TheyrepresentastrainthatmayhavebeenbredbytheMayatoincreaseitsyield.C.TheirfruitispreferredbyArtibeusbatstothefruitofothertreespecies.D.TheyaremorenumerousaroundtheruinsatTikalthanB.alicastrumtreesareatotherMayasites.E.Theirseedisabletowithstanddamagethatmightotherwisepreventgermination.ThepassageimplieswhichofthefollowingabouttheB.alicastrumtreesobservedinVeracruzA.Theyareaproductofselectivebreeding.B.Theirdevelopmenthasbeenin?uencedbybatbehavior.C.Theybearaninferiorqualityoffruit.D.TheyarepoorlysuitedtothegrowingconditionsatVeracruz.E.Theydiffersigni?cantlyfromthetreesatTikalintheirgeneticmakeup.12.ManyclaimthattheevidenceforAmericans ’growingsocialisolationis_____:familiesdinetogetherathirdlessoftenthantheydidevenin1980andparticipationincommunitygroupsandvolunteerorganizationshasdeclined.undeniableindecipherableunfathomableambiguousinde?niteirrefutableTheexcellentagreementbetweentheoryandexperimentconvincedmanyoftheoriginalopponentsofatomistictheories;thenceforththeyacceptedthe_____ofthetheories.A.de?ciencysuperioritypotentialinadequacysoundnessvalidity14.AlthoughthebiographyneverexplicitlyassesseswhatrolethedynamicbetweenMr.Merrill ’parentsmighthaveplayedinthedevelopmentofhispersonality,theauthoroffersplentyof_____.（1100题27-7）A.mysti?cationB.elucidationspeculationre?ectionobfuscationconjectureThe_____ofophthalmologyasa?eldintheUnitedStatesfrom1820to1850isevidentintheopeningofatleast?veeyehospitalsduringthisperiod,offeringnewvenuesforophthalmictreatmentandexperimentation. （1100题32-10）第10?页sophisticationretrenchmentburgeoningresurgencecurtailmentexpansionHomeownersoftenweatherizetheirhomes,thatis,theyaddinsulationandsealupgapstoavoiddrafts.Inthepast,manyhomeownersusedinsulationthatreleasesformaldehyde,agasthatathighconcentrationscauseshealthproblems.Suchinsulationisnowbanned.Itisstillpossible,however,tocreatedangerouslevelsofformaldehydebyweatherizingahouse,sincereducingair?owincreasestheconcentrationsofanygasbeingreleasedintotheairofthehouse,and_____.16.Whichofthefollowingmostlogicallycompletestheargument?A.anyformaldehyde-releasinginsulationinstalledbeforethebanhaslongsincestoppedreleasingformaldehydeB.manyitemsinatypicalhomereleasemeasurablequantitiesofformaldehydeC.theinsulationthatreleasesformaldehydewaseasytoinstallinanexistinghouseD.almostallofthefreshairthatentersaweatherizedhouseentersthroughheatingandcoolingventsE.certainotherkindsofinsulationpresentotherhealthrisksifnotusedproperlyOnemightassumethemostadmiredarchitecturewouldbethebestbuilt.Thiswasgenerallytrueinthepast,butinthetwentiethcentury,whennewmaterialsandnewaesthetictheoriesoftendrovearchitectstocavalierexperimentation,evencelebratedarchitectsfellshort. WhendesigningtheCentreGeorgesPompidouinParis,RenzoPianoandRichardRogersturnedthebuildingliterallyinsideout. Previouslyhiddenelementssuchaspipes,ducts,andelevatorswereexposedtoview-andexposedtotheelements.Theresultmighthavebeenforeseen:afteronlytwentyyears,thebuildingwasclosedforatwo-yearrenovation.Althoughtheauthoritiesmaintainedthattheunexpectedlylargenumbersofvisitorsnecessitatedtherenovationmuchofthebudgetwasspentonrefurbishingthefacade.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofthehighlightedsentence?A.Ithelpssubstantiatetheauthor'sclaimsaboutpre-twentieth-centuryarchitecture.B.Itprovidesaspeci?cexampleofthetrendcitedintheprevioussentence.C.Itbolsterstheclaimthatmodernarchitectureabhorsaestheticexperimentation.D.Itrestatestheassumptionmentionedinthepassage ’sopeningsentence.E.ItmarksatransitiontoadiscussionofFrencharchitecturaltrends.18.WhichofthefollowingqualitiesoftheCentrePompidouformsthebasisfortheauthor ’scritiqueofRenzoPianoandRichardRogers ’work?A.ItspopularityB.ItsinitialconstructioncostC.ItssizeD.ItsdurabilityE.ItslocationDespitetheextravagantcolorsofthe?owersbeesvisit,untiltheearly1900sitwascommonlythoughtthatbeeswereentirelycolor-blind.Totestthis,zoologistKarlvonFrischsetoutanarrayofdishesoncards.Thedishononecard,theonlybluecardamongvaryinggrays,containedsugarwater.Oncebeeslearnedtovisitthiscardanddishcombination,hevarieditspositioninthematrix.Next,hereplacedallthecardsanddisheswithanewsetofidenticalmaterials,onlynowleavingthebluecard ’sdishempty.Thebeesnonethelessreturnedtothebluecard.Iftheirvision第11?页weremonochromatic,theywouldlikelyhavefoundatleastsomeofthegraycardsindistinguishablefromtheblue.19.Theauthorofthepassagerefersto“extravagantcolors”primarilytoA.validateaviewaboutbees'colorvisionthatwasoncecommonlyacceptedB.suggestwhyitmightbesurprisingthatbeeswerethoughttobecolor-blindC.complicatethedebateaboutbees'colorvisionD.pointoutareasonforbees'visuallimitationsE.anticipateanobjectiontothemethodologyoftheexperimentdescribedinthepassageItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbysettingoutnewcardswhenreplacingthedishofsugarwaterwithanemptyoneFrischA.wasabletorecordaccuratelyanychangesincolorthatresultedfromspillsordropsB.couldsubtlyalterthecolorofthecardonwhichthesugarwaterwasplacedineachiterationoftheexperimentC.introducednewcluesrelevantto?ndingthesugarwater'slocationD.succeededinprovingthatbeesseeinonlyalimitedspectrumofcolorE.wasabletoruleoutthepossibilitythatthebeeshadsomehowmarkedthebluecardinprevioustrials第12?页?自适应section 难度：median1.Theauthor ’sunfortunatepredilectionformanneredturnsofphraseandcomplicatedmetaphorshadatendencyto_____herwork ’sstraightforwardthemes（.1100题52-2）propitiateaccentuateaugmentoccludepresageNylenna’sstudyshowedthaterrorsinscienti?cmanuscriptssubmittedforpublicationoftenescapereviewers’notice,resultsthatwerenot_____:whenGodleeconductedastudyofthesamephenomenon,her?ndingsweresimilar.（1100题10-1）A.credibleB.unwelcomeC.anomalousD.quanti?ableE.consequentialWhenpeoplecomplainabouttheirhecticlivesanddemandingschedules,onemightbejusti?edinsuspectingthattheyarebeingsomewhat(i)_____: