2018年上海市浦东新区高考二模英语(含听力)试题(解析版)

上海市浦东新区2018届高三下学期教学质量检测(二模)

英语试题

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA—10分

Directions:InSectionA.youwillhearfenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Challenges.B.Hobbies.C.Jobs.D.Experiences.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Thesetofstampsarerare.Ittookmealongtimetocollectthem.Bytheway,doyoulike

collectingstamps?

W:Yes,butIprefersomethingchallenging.

Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Difficult.D.Amazing.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:HowdoyoufindyourShanghaidialectlearning,Mike?

M:Oh,it’squitebeyondmycapacity.

Q:WhatdoesthemanthinkoflearningShanghaidialect?

3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.WatchingTVandvideos.

B.ReplacingvideoswithTV.

C.Parents’involvement.

D.Havingbabysitters.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:SometimeswhenI’mbusy,Iletmybabywatchvideos.Canthishelphismentaldevelopment?

M:Passiveactivityprobablywon’thurt,butTVandvideosarepoorsubstitutesforparents’involvement.

Q:Whatisgoodforbabies’mentalgrowthaccordingtotheman?

4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Apoliceman.B.Anaccountant.C.Asalesman.D.Abankteller.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:IneedyourIDandaccountnumberbeforeIcancashyourcheck.

W:Sure,here’smypassportanddrivinglicenseandmyaccountnumberisonthiscard.

Q:What’stheman’soccupation?

5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.7:40.B.7:15.C.7:20.D.7:45.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Takeiteasy.It’sonly7:30now.Therearestill15minutestogobeforethemoviestarts.

W:Don’tyourememberourclockis10minutesslow?

Q:What’sthetimenow?

6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Hewillgetsomeonetodoit.

B.Sheshoulddoitherself.

C.Theydon’thavetodoit.

D.Hewillcleanthedeskrightaway.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Hey,honey,canyougrabadusterandgetthisdeskcleaned?

M:Oh,don’tbother.Weareleavinginaminute.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Bybus.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.D.Bycar.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:AnexhibitionofPicasso’spaintingsisbeingheld.Doyouwanttogowithme?

M:HowcanImissit!Butwiththebusdriversonstrikeandtaxissoexpensive,wehavenochoicebuttotake

thesubway.Ifonlywehadacar.

Q:Howwilltheygototheexhibition?

8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Heisnotagoodmechanic.

B.Hedoesn’tkeephisword.

C.Hespendshissparetimedoingrepairs.

D.Heisalwaysreadytoofferhelptoothers.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Tomsaidhewouldcometorepairoursolarheaterwhenhehadtime.

M:Heoftensaysheiswillingtohelp,butheneverseemstohavetime.

Q:WhatdoesthemanimplyaboutTom?

9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Shehasbeenhavingasadday.

B.Sheneedstotakeadayoff.

C.Shewantstoplaybasketball,too.

D.Shehasbeenannoyedbythenoise.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】M:Whyhaven’tyoudoneyourhomeworkyet?It’sbeenawholeday.

W:Oh,Daddy!HowcanIconcentratewiththatnoise?Theboyshavebeenplayingbasketballalldaylong,

justoutsidemywindow.

Q:Whatdoesthegirlmean?

10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

A.Themanisn’tsureabouttherehearsal.

B.It’sbetterforthewomantowearacostume.

C.Thewomanwouldregretitifsheworeacostume.

D.Itwouldn’tmakeanydifferenceifthewomandidit.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:WoulditbeOKifIworeacostumefortherehearsaltomorrow?

M:Ohyouwouldregretitifyoudidn’t.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromthedialogue?

SectionB—15分

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,and

youwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassages

andtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyou

hearqquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbe

thebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

11.

A.Hequalifiedasateacher.

B.Hebecameastudent.

C.Hebecameagovernmentresearcher.

D.HeconductedaresearchonZimbabwe.

12.

A.Children’smindsarenotusedtothefull.

B.Itisagreatdrainonchildren’stimeandenergy.

C.Ithighlightstheflexibilityofchildren’sminds.

D.Itpreventschildrenfromseekinganswersbythemselves.

13.

A.Toteachpeopletounderstandtheworld

B.Toinstructpeoplehowtoraisegoodquestions.

C.Toencouragepeopletostudyastheygetolder.

D.Toinformpeopleofproblemsinforeigncountries.

【答案】11.B12.C13.B

【解析】

【原文】“Youarenevertoooldtolearn.”iswhatmyfatheralwaystoldme,andheprovedit.Attheageof

55,hequitworkingtobecomeafull-timestudentatourlocaluniversity,studyinggovernmentandpolitical

science.Iunderstandnowwhyhedidit.Educationiskindofwastedontheyoung.Sure,weteachchildren

becauseyoungmindsareflexibleandopen,butmakingthemmemorizehundredsoffactsisapoor

substitutionforlearning.Ithinkthegreatestservicewecandoistoteachchildrentoaskquestionsandguide

theminseekingtheanswersforthemselves.“What’sthecapitalofZimbabwe?”isamuchlessimportant

questionthan,“WhatproblemsdopeoplehaveinZimbabwe?”Ifpeopleweretaughttoasktherightquestions

fromayoungage,theworldwouldn’tbeashardtounderstandwhenthey’reolder.Ithinkthat’sthewaymy

fathersawit.

Questions

Whatdidhisfatherdolaterinhislife?

Whichofthefollowingstatementiswrongaboutmemorizingfacts?

What’s.hisfather’sopiniononthemainpurposeofeducation?

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Toserveasatimekiller.

B.Tocultivatepeople’sreadingkills

C.Topromotethesalesofsomebooks.

D.Toencouragepeopletotakepublictransportation

15

A.Thestoriesaretheshorteditionofsomewebsitearticles.

B.Userscanchoosethelengthandtypeofthestories.

C.Thestoriesareobtainedbysimplypressingabutton.

D.Usersdon’tneedtopayfortheshortstories.

16.

A.Fromtheboringtravelexperience.

B.Fromtheloveforshortstories.

C.Fromthepositivefeedback

D.Fromthesnackvendingmachine.

【答案】14.A15.B16.D

【解析】

【原文】ReadersinGrenoble,aFrenchcity,cannowenjoyasmallbiteoffictioninsteadofthesnacksfrom

thevendingmachineaftertheintroductionofeightshort-storydispensers.

Thefreestoriesareavailableatthetouchofabutton,printingoutonrollsofpaperlikeareceipt.Readersare

abletochooseoneminute,threeminutesorfiveminutesoffiction.Justtwoweekssincelaunch,morethan

10,000storieshavealreadybeenprinted.

Thefeedbackisoverwhelminglypositive.ThereareonlyeightdispensersinthecityofGrenoblefornow,but

moreareplannedtobeintroduced.Requestsarefromallovertheworld—Australia,theUS,Canada,Russia,

Greece,ItalyandChile.

Pleplé,theFrenchpublisher,hopesthestorieswillbeusedtofillthe“deadtime”ofaregularjourneytoand

fromtheplaceofone’swork.Inthebusorthemetro,everyonecanmakethemostofthesemomentstoread

shortstories,poemsorshortcomics.

Thestoriesaredrawnfromthemorethan60,000storiesonShortédition’scommunitywebsite.Usersarenot

abletochoosewhattypeofstory—romantic,fantasticalorcomic—theywouldliketoread.

Pleplésaidheandhisteaminitiallycameupwiththeideawhenhavingabreakatthesnackvendingmachine.

Theythoughtitwouldbecooltohaveitforshortstories.Then,acoupleofdayslater,theshort-story

dispenserwasborn.

Questions:

Whatisthepurposeofthestorydispenser?

Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthestories?

WheredoesPleplé’sinspirationcomefrom?

Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】

17.A.5.B.7.C.8.D.10.

18.

A.Becausehisfriendsdon’tgetoffworktill5p.m.

B.BecausetherewillbemorefriendstogotothecinemaonFriday.

C.BecausethefilmwillbemorepopularthantheWednesday’s.

D.Becausetherearenotenoughticketsleftforthe9p.m.showing.

19.

A.Payingadeposit.

B.E-orderinginadvance.

C.Payingrightaway.

D.Collectingticketsonedayahead.

20.A.Thefilm.B.ThedateC.Theseating.D.Theviewers.

【答案】17.A18.D19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】W:WelcometoWandaInternationalCinema.CanIhelpyou?

M:Umm…Iwanttoknowwhen“OperationRedSea”isshowingtoday.

W:Thereare6showingstoday,oneinthemorning,anotheratnoon,andthen3p.m.,6p.m.,9p.m.,anda

midnightshowing.

M:OK,Iwant5ticketsforthe9p.m.showingtonight.Aretherestill5ticketsavailablethatareseated

together?

W:I’msorry,thereareonly3ticketsleft.Howaboutthe6p.m.showing?Therearestill7ticketsleftforthat

show.

M:Butwehaveadatefordinnerat5p.m.,sowewon'tmakethebeginningofthemovie.

W:Sowouldyouliketoseeanothermovie?“DetectiveChinaTown2”isverypopular,too.

M:No,weallwanttoseethisone.IsthereanywaythatwecouldbuyticketsnowforFriday’sscreens?

W:Youcanorderticketsrightnowforthenextthreedays.It’sWednesdaytoday.So,that’sOK.Whattime

wouldyoulike?

M:The9p.m.showing.IthinktheremightbemorepeoplewhowanttoseethemovieonFriday.Howmany

ticketscanIbuyatonetime?

W:Thelimitforadvancedticketsis10.

M:OK,I'llhave8ticketsfortheshowingof“OperationRedSea”.Aretheticketsavailable?

W:Yes,you’relucky.

M:Bytheway,whencanIpickupthetickets?

W:Youcanhavethemrightnowifyoupayforthem.

M:Great!Thanks!

Questions:

Howmanyticketsdoesthemanwanttobuyforthe9p.m.showingonWednesday?

WhydoesthemandecidetobuytheFriday'stickets?

Whatwillthemanprobablydotoensure8ticketsforFriday?

Whatdoesthemaninsistson?

II.Grammarandvocabulary

SectionA—10分

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;forthe

otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.WhenreportscameintotheLondonZoo

thatawildpuma___21___(spot)fortymilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.However,asthe

evidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsdecidedtoinvestigate.

Thehunt___22___thepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawoman___23___(pick)blackberriessaw

“alargecat”onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmed

thatapumawillnotattackahumanbeing___24___itiscornered.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepuma

wasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandat___25___placetwentymilesawayintheevening.

___26___itwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.Severalpeople

complainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanona___27___(fish)tripsawthepumaupatree.

Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,___28___wherehaditcomefrom?

Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisone___29___havebeeninthe

possessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,but

thepumawasnotcaught.Itisdisturbing___30___(think)adangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequiet

countryside.

【答案】21.hadbeenspotted

22.for23.picking

24.unless25.another

26.Wherever

27.fishing

28.but29.must

30.tothink

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了有人发现一只野生美洲狮出现在伦敦以南40英里处的一个村子里，专家

们已经展开调查，这引发了人们的不安。

【21题详解】

考查时态语态。句意：当伦敦动物园接到报告说在伦敦以南40英里处发现了一只野生美洲狮时，他

们并没有认真对待。awildpuma与spot是被动关系，而且这一动作发生在came之前，也就是过去的

过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，故填hadbeenspotted。

【22题详解】

考查介词。句意：搜寻美洲狮的行动始于一个小村庄，在那里一位摘黑莓的妇女看到“一只大猫”离

她只有五码远。hunt常于for搭配，表示“搜寻、寻找”，故填for。

【23题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意同上，awoman与pick之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后

置定语，故填picking。

【24题详解】

考查条件状语从句。句意：专家证实，美洲狮除非被逼入绝境，否则不会攻击人类。此处表示一种条

件，根据“itiscornered”可知此处表示“除非”，故填unless。

【25题详解】

考查固定搭配。句意：事实证明，寻找美洲狮是困难的，因为人们常常在早晨的一个地方发现美洲狮，

晚上却在20英里外的另一个地方发现它。此处与前面的one构成固定搭配，one...another...表示“一

个……，另一个……”，故填another。

【26题详解】

考查让步状语从句。句意：它所到之处，总会留下一串死鹿和死兔子之类的小动物。根据句意可知此

处用wherever引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatterwhere,表示“无论什么地方、所到之处”，故填

Wherever。

【27题详解】

考查名词。句意：有几个人说晚上听到猫一样的叫声，一个商人在钓鱼时看见美洲狮在树上。根据句

意可知此处用名词作定语，onafishingtrip表示“钓鱼时（路上）”，故填fishing。

【28题详解】

考查连词。句意：现在专家们已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪里来的呢？根据句意可

知前后是转折关系，故填but。

【29题详解】

考查“情态动词+havedone”结构。句意：由于没有报告说这个国家的任何一个动物园有美洲狮失踪，

这只美洲狮一定是一个私人收藏家藏着的，不知怎的设法逃走了。根据“Asnopumashadbeen

reportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry”可知此处用musthavedone表示对过去事情的肯定推测，

故填must。

【30题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：一想到一种危险的野生动物仍在安静的乡村逍遥法外就令人不安。此处为

“itis+adj+todo”结构，故填tothink。

SectionB—10分

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.networkB.specifyC.traditionallyD.ingredient

E.uneasyF.additionalG.culturallyH.block

I.determineJ.requirementK.critical

Amulticulturalpersonissomeonewhoisdeeplyconvincedthatallculturesareequallygood,enjoys

learningtherichvarietyofculturesintheworld,andmostlikelyhasbeenexposedtomorethanoneculturein

hisorherlifetime.

Youcannotmotivateanyone,especiallysomeoneofanotherculture,untilthatpersonhasacceptedyou.

Amultilingualsalespersoncanexplaintheadvantagesofaproductinotherlanguages,butamulticultural

salespersoncanmotivateforeignerstobuyit.That’sa(an)___31___difference.

Noonelikesforeignerswhoarearrogant(自大的)abouttheirownculture.Thetroubleismostpeopleare

arrogantlymonoculturalwithoutbeingawareofitandeventhosewhoarecan’thideit.Foreignerssense

monoculturalarroganceatonceandsetuptheirownculturalbarriers,whichmayeffectively___32___any

attemptbythemonoculturalpersontomotivatethem.

Multiculturalismisa(an)___33___thathasbeenneglectedtooofteninhiringmanagersforinternational

positions.Evenifyourcompanyisnotamultinationalone,chancesareyou’reintouchwithforeign

customersormanufacturers.Doyouhavetherightemployeetobuildupthe___34___?

For20-oddyears,I’verunanexecutive-searchfirmfromBrussels.Whenclientsaskustofindtheright

personforanewpan-Europeansalesormanagementposition,Istartbyaskingthemto___35___the

qualificationstheiridealcandidatewouldhave.Mostoftentheylistthesamequalitiestheywouldwantfora

domesticposition,butwiththe___36___requirementthatthenewmanagerbefluentenoughinEnglish,

GermanandFrenchtocopewithfaxesandemail.Itsometimestakesmehourstopersuadeclientsthatthe

linguistic(语言的)abilitiestheyseeascrucialarenotenough.

Ofcourse,it’sfarmoredifficultto___37___candidatesmulticulturalismthanitistochecktheir

languageskills—butit’salsoafarmoreimportant___38___tosuccess.Irememberacompanythataskedme

tocheckoutasalesmantheywereplanningtosendtoMexico.He’dstudiedSpanish,andhadgrownupin

NewYorkCity—themost___39___diverseplaceinAmerica.ButwhenIinterviewedhim,heturnedoutto

havenoconceptofthegreatprideMexicanstookintheirculture,andmoreoverhewas____40____about

Mexicanrestaurantsandmarketsbeingdirtyandunsafe.IrejectedhimjustasMexicanbuyerswouldhaveif

he’dbeenselectedforthejob.

【答案】31.K32.H

33.J34.A

35.B36.F

37.I38.D

39.G40.E

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了多元文化及其对工作影响。

【31题详解】

的

考查形容词。句意：这是一个关键的区别。修饰名词difference用形容词，根据“Amultilingual

salespersoncanexplaintheadvantagesofaproductinotherlanguages,butamulticulturalsalespersoncan

motivateforeignerstobuyit.”可知此处表示“关键的”，故填K。

【32题详解】

考查动词。句意：外国人一下子就感受到了单一文化的傲慢，并设置了自己的文化壁垒，这可能会有

效地阻止单一文化者试图激励他们。此处缺少动词作谓语，根据“Foreignerssensemonocultural

arroganceatonceandsetuptheirownculturalbarriers,”可知此处表示“阻止”，故填H。

【33题详解】

考查名词。句意：多元文化是招聘经理在担任国际职位时常常被忽视的一项要求。分析句子结构可知

此处缺少名词作表语，根据“thathasbeenneglectedtooofteninhiringmanagersforinternational

positions.”可知此处表示“要求”，故填J。

【34题详解】

考查名词。句意：你有合适的员工来建立关系网吗？此处缺少名词作动词短语buildup的宾语，根据

“Evenifyourcompanyisnotamultinationalone,chancesareyou’reintouchwithforeigncustomersor

manufacturers”可知此处指“网络、关系网”，故填A。

【35题详解】

考查动词。句意：当客户要求我们为一个新的泛欧销售或管理职位找到合适的人选时，我首先要求他

们详细说明他们理想的候选人应该具备的资格。asksbtosth表示“要求某人做某事”，此处需要填动

词原形，根据“thequalificationstheiridealcandidatewouldhave.”可知此处表示“详细说明”，故填B。

【36题详解】

考查形容词。句意：大多数情况下，他们列出的素质与国内职位的要求相同，但另外要求新任经理英

语、德语和法语流利，足以应付传真和电子邮件。修饰名词requirement用形容词，根据“Mostoften

theylistthesamequalitiestheywouldwantforadomesticposition,butwiththe”可知此处指“额外的”，

故填F。

【37题详解】

考查动词。句意：当然，确定候选人的多元文化比检查他们的语言技能要困难得多，但这也是成功的

一个重要因素。空前的to为不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，根据“candidatesmulticulturalismthan

itistochecktheirlanguageskills”可知此处表示“确定”，故填I。

【38题详解】

考查名词。句意同上。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处缺少名词作表语，aningredientto表示“通

往……的一个要素”，故填D。

【39题详解】

考查副词。句意：他学过西班牙语，在纽约长大，那里是美国最具文化多样性的地方。修饰形容词

diverse用副词，本文主要讨论的就是多元文化，因此此处表示“文化上”，故填G。

【40题详解】

考查形容词。句意：但当我采访他时，他竟然没有意识到墨西哥人在他们的文化中所表现出的巨大自

豪感，而且他对墨西哥餐馆和市场肮脏和不安全感到不安。此处缺少形容词作表语，根据“about

Mexicanrestaurantsandmarketsbeingdirtyandunsafe.”可知此处表示“不安的”，故填E。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA—15分

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,

B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

HailingfromSweden,“plogging”isafitnesscrazethatseesparticipantspickupplasticlitterwhile

joggingaddingavirtuous,environmentallydrivenelementtothesport.Ploggingappearstohavestarted

around2016,butisnowgoingglobal,duetoincreasingawarenessand___41___overplasticlevelsinthe

ocean.

Theappealofploggingisits___42___—allyouneedisrunninggearandabinbag,andthefeelingof

gettingfitwhilesupportingagoodcause.Byaddingregularsquats(蹲)topickupjunkandcarrying___43___

tojogging.wecanassumethehealthbenefitsareincreased.

Runningandgoodcauseshavealwaysgone___44___—justthinkofallthefundraisingmarathon

runnersdo.Buttherecouldn’tbeamoreon-trendwayofkeepingfitthanplogging.

Anythingthat’sgettingpeopleoutinnatureandconnecting___45___withtheirIenvironmentisagood

thing,saysLizzieCarr,anenvironmentalistwhohelpedsetupPlasticPatrol,anationwidecampaignto

___46___ourinlandwaterwaysofplasticpollution.There’sbeenareal___47___inthepublicmindset

aroundplastics,helpedbythingslikeBluePlanethighlightinghowdisastrousthecrisisis,”shesays.

Weneedtokeepmomentumhighandthepressureup,andempowerpeoplethrough___48___like

ploggingandPlasticPatrol.

TheplasticPatrolappallowsusersto___49___plasticanywhereintheworldbycollectingdiscarded

items,photographingthemand___50___totheapp,givingusabetterknowledgeofwhatsortsofplasticand

whichbrandsarebeingthrownout.“I’durgeallploggerstogetinvolved,”addsCarr.

Ploggingisn’tthefirstfitnesstrendtocombinerunningwithagoodcause,Herearesomeofour

favourites:

GoodGym

Itsideaissimple:goforarun,visitanelderlyperson,haveachatandsometea,andrunback.

___51___amongtheelderlyisagrowingproblemintheUK.Withover10,000runssofar,___52___,

GoodGymisfindingasolution.

GuideRunning

Guiderunnersvolunteertheirtimetohelpingblindpeopleget___53___.Bylinkingthemselvestogether,

the___54___—impairedindividualcanfeelsafewhilebothworkofasweat.

___55___fortheHomeless

Start-upStuartDeliveryandtheChurchHousingTrustcollaboratedlastyearinbringingclothingand

healthyfoodtothehomeless.Deliveriesaremostlymadebybike,sothosewhodeliverkeepfitwhilehelping

roughsleepers(无家可归者).

41.A.satisfactionB.hesitationC.fearD.control

42.A.complexityB.simplicityC.instrumentD.expense

43.A.substanceB.responsibilityC.valueD.weight

44.A.oneononeB.headtotoeC.handinhandD.onandoff

45.A.positivelyB.neutrallyC.objectivelyD.fairly

46.A.accuseB.ridC.assureD.rob

47.A.shiftB.interestC.aidD.delight

48.A.motivesB.performancesC.exercisesD.initiatives

49.A.eliminateB.mapC.seekD.degrade

50.A.leadingB.devotingC.endingD.uploading

51.A.DisappointmentB.TirednessC.SicknessD.Loneliness

52.A.thereforeB.moreoverC.howeverD.instead

53.A.excitedB.readyC.activeD.smart

54.A.visuallyB.audiblyC.visiblyD.sensibly

55.A.RunningB.PloggingC.DrivingD.Cycling

【答案】41.C42.B43.D44.C45.A46.B47.A48.D49.B50.D51.D

52.C53.C54.A55.D

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拾荒慢跑和其他几项把锻炼和公益结合起来的运动方式。

【41题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：但由于人们对海洋中的塑料含量越来越敏感和恐惧，拾荒慢跑正在走向全

球。A.satisfaction满意；B.hesitation犹豫；C.fear害怕、恐惧；D.control控制。上文说拾荒慢跑是

在跑步的同时捡塑料垃圾，因此世界各地的人参与到这项运动中来是因为他们对海洋中越来越多的塑

料感到敏感和恐惧，故C项正确。

【42题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它的简单（简易行），你所需要的只是跑步装备和

垃圾袋，以及在支持一项公益事业的同时获得健康的感觉。A.complexity复杂性；B.simplicity简单、

简易；C.instrument仪器；D.expense开支。根据破折号后的解释说明可知，拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它

的简单（简易行），故B项正确。

【43题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过经常下蹲来捡垃圾和负重慢跑，我们锻炼身体的效果也增强了。A.

substance实质；B.responsibility责任；C.value价值；D.weight重量。带着捡起来的垃圾一起跑自然

是在跑步的同时负重，故D项正确。

【44题详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：跑步和公益事业总是相辅相成的，想想马拉松选手们的筹款活动就知道了。

A.oneonone一对一；B.headtotoe从头到脚；C.handinhand手拉手、相辅相成；D.onandoff断断

续续。根据空后所说的马拉松选手们通过跑马拉松来筹款可知，跑步和公益事业是相辅相成的，故C

项正确。

【45题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：任何能让人们融入大自然并与周围环境保持积极联系的事情都是件好事。

A.positively积极地；B.neutrally中立地；C.objectively客观地；D.fairly公平地。根据空前的

“gettingpeopleoutinnature”可知此处指“让人们融入大自然并与周围环境保持积极联系”，故A项

正确。

【46题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：利齐·卡尔是一个环保主义者，他帮助发起塑料侦查运动，它是一项全国

性的运动，旨在消除我们内陆水域的塑料污染。A.accuse控告；B.rid摆脱、去掉；C.assure担保；D.

rob抢夺。塑料侦查运动的目的自然是要消除塑料污染，故B项正确。

【47题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：公众对塑料的观念有了真正的转变，这得益于《蓝色星球》等影片突显出

这场危机的灾难性。A.shift转变；B.interest兴趣；C.aid援助；D.delight高兴。《蓝色星球》等影片

突显出这场危机的灾难性，这让公众对塑料的观念有了真正的转变，故A项正确。

【48题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要保持良好的势头，让人们感受到环保的压力，并通过拾荒慢跑和

塑料侦查等举措（活动）让人们切实参与进来。A.motives动机；B.performances表演；C.exercises

锻炼；D.initiatives举措。根据上文的介绍可知，拾荒慢跑和塑料侦查是清除塑料污染的两个举措

（活动），故D项正确。

【49题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这款名为“塑料侦查”的应用程序能让全球的用户把收集的废弃塑料标注

在地图上、用户可以拍照上传，让我们更好地了解哪些塑料以及哪些品牌正在被丢弃。A.eliminate消

除；B.map在地图上标注；C.seek寻找；D.degrade贬低。根据空后的“plasticanywhereintheworld

bycollectingdiscardeditems,photographingthemand___10___totheapp”可知，“塑料侦查”能让全

球的用户把收集的废弃塑料标注在地图上、用户可以拍照上传，故B项正确。

【50题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.leading导致；B.devoting致力于；C.ending结束；D.uploading上

传。根据空前的“photographingthem”可知，用户拍完照后把照片上传到应用程序上，故D项正确。

【51题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在英国，老年人的孤独感是一个日益严重的问题。但目前随着超过一万人

参加这项跑步活动，“好健身”找到了解决之道。A.Disappointment失望；B.Tiredness劳累；C.

Sickness虚弱；D.Loneliness孤独、寂寞。根据常识可知，孤独感是老年人面临的一大严重问题，故

D项正确。

【52题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.therefore因此；B.moreover此外；C.however然而；D.instead相反。

根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故C项正确。

【53题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：导盲跑者自愿抽出时间帮助盲人活动起来（参与体育活动），通过将他

们联系在一起，视力受损的人可以感到安全。A.excited兴奋的；B.ready准备好的；C.active活跃的、

活动的；D.smart聪明的。根据常识可知，盲人是无法独自进行跑步这样的活动的，而导盲跑者可以

帮助他们参与体育活动，故C项正确。

【54题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.visually视觉上；B.audibly听觉上；C.visibly明显地；D.sensibly

明显地。根据常识可知，盲人在视力上受损，故A项正确。

【55题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：为无家可归者骑行。A.Running跑步；B.Plogging拾荒慢跑；C.Driving

驾驶；D.Cycling骑行。本段主要讲的是去年，StuartDelivery和ChurchHousingTrust合作，为无家可

归者提供衣物和健康食品，送货大多是骑自行车，所以送货的人在帮助无家可归者的同时保持健康，

因此此处是指“为无家可归者骑行”，故D项正确。

【点睛】在完形填空的解题过程中，破折号后起解释说明或举例说明的句子往往是重要线索，例如本

篇第2空，根据破折号后的“allyouneedisrunninggearandabinbag,andthefeelingofgettingfitwhile

supportingagoodcause.”可知，你所需要的只是跑步装备和垃圾袋，以及在支持一项公益事业的同时

获得健康的感觉，这是对空处的解释说明，旨在说明拾荒慢跑的吸引力在于它很简单，没有太多繁琐

的要求，故B项simplicity正确。

SectionB—22分

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choose

theonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

In1982,IhadresponsibilityforStephenHawking’sthirdacademicbookforthePress,Superspaceand

Supergravity.Thiswasamessycollectionofpapersfromatechnicalworkshoponhowtodeviseanewtheory

ofgravity.Whilethatbookwasinproduction,Isuggestedhetrysomethingeasier:apopularbookaboutthe

natureoftheUniverse,suitableforthegeneralmarket.

Stephenhesitatedovermysuggestion.Healreadyhadaninternationalreputationasabrillianttheoretical

physicistworkingonrotatingblackholesandtheoriesofgravity.Andhehadconcernsaboutfinancialmatters:

importantly,itwasimpossibleforhimtoobtainanyformoflifeinsurancetoprotecthisfamilyintheeventof

hisdeathorbecomingtotallydependentonnursingcare.So,hetookprecioustimeoutfromhisresearchto

preparetheroughdraftofabook.

Atthetime,severalbestsellingphysicsauthorshadalreadypublishednon-technicalbooksontheearly

Universeandblackholes.Stephendecidedtowriteamoreper