【课件】Unit 1 Reading and Thinking 课件-人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

ReadingandThinking:【版本：新人教2019版册别：选择性必修四】UNIT1SCIENCEFICTIONExploretherelationshipbetweenhumansandrobotsLearningObjectivesTodevelopstudents’interestinreadingEnglishnovelsbyappreciatingthestory.Todevelopstudents’readinghabits,likegeneralreading,scanningfordetailsandhowtoanalyzeandappreciateliteratureworks(deepreading).Tobuildupstudents’interestsinscienceandtechnology.ⅠPre-readingWatchashortvideoaboutthefuturelifeandanswerthefollowingquestions:Whatcanyouseeinthevideo?Whatthingsdoesthisvideoremindyouof?Icanseeanillustrationofsomemoderntowersandmanyskyscrapers,oneofwhichlookslikelandingpadsanddockingplacesforspaceships.Therearealsosomespaceshipsjettingacrossthesky.AndinthevideoIcanseemanyrobotsservinghumanbeings.Whatcanyouseeinthevideo?Whatthingsdoesthisvideoremindyouof?SomeoftheshapesofthebuildingsandthematerialsremindmeofsomemodernbuildingsIhaveseenincitieslikeBeijingandShanghai.Besidesthisvideoremindsmeoftheplotofsciencefiction.Pre-readingThinkandDiscussWhatissciencefiction?Haveyoureadanysciencefiction?Whatelementsdoessciencefictionusuallyinclude?Sciencefiction,abbreviationSForsci-fi,isaformoffictionthatdealsprincipallywiththeimpactofactualorimaginedscienceuponsocietyorindividuals.Yes,Ihavereadsome.Thesestoriesoftencontainscientificdevicesthatwedonothavenow,andtechnologiesthatseemimpossible,suchastimetravel.Thecharactersmayhavebodies,cultures,andbackgroundsthatareverydifferentthanourown.Thethemesoftenincludespaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans,etc.Whatissciencefiction?Haveyoureadanysciencefiction?Whatelementsdoessciencefictionusuallyinclude?Today’ssciencefictionistomorrow’ssciencefact.—IsaacAsimovWhatwereadaboutinsciencefictionstoriestodaywillbecomerealityinthefuture.今天的科幻小说即明天的科学现实。IssacAsimov

(1920-1992)Twofamouspredictions:Wewillenterspacetostay.Computerizationwillundoubtedlycontinueonwardinevitably.Doyouagreewiththisquote?Givemeyourreasons.第一定律:机器人不得伤害人类个体，或者目睹人类个体将遭受危险而袖手不管。第二定律:机器人必须服从人给予它的命令，当该命令与第一定律冲突时例外。第三定律:机器人在不违反第一、第二定律的情况下要尽可能保护自己的生存。裸阳afamousAmericansciencefictionwriterfullofimaginationandcreativitydevelopasetofthree“laws”forrobotsIssacAsimov(艾萨克·阿西莫夫)

永恒的终结我，机器人这是一部汇集世界科幻大师阿西莫夫创作的有关机器人短篇小说全集。全书包括SatisfactionGuaranteed（《保证满意》）在内，共32篇文章，在这些形形色色的短篇小说中，各种机器人的形象描写得栩栩如生，他们的喜怒哀乐，他们与人类如何相处，他们的存在所带来的人类社会的困感等无不使得故事具有独特的趣味Robotsaremostcommonlyusedtodayinfactoriestomakethings.Thereareafewrobotswhicharebeingusedinshopsandinthehome,butforthemostparttheyappeartobeinformationproviders,educationaltoys,orhousecleaners.Therehasbeenalotofworktodesigndomesticrobotslately,andtheymaysoonbeareality.Manyoftheserobotsarebeingdesignedforthehandicappedortheelderly.Forexample,ahandicappedpersonoranelderlypersonwhohastroublemovingaroundthehousecouldbehelpedbyarobot.Therobotcanalsocookandfeedpeoplewhentheyneedhelp.Howdorobotsalreadyhelphumansintheirlivestoday?Whatdoyouthinkadomesticrobotcoulddoforafamilyinthefuture?(P2E1)Whosesatisfactiondoyouthinkwillbeguaranteed?Whatdoestheword“adapted”mean?Howarerobotsusuallydescribedinsciencefiction?Willtherebearobotinthisnovel?Whattypeofrobotwillitbe?Lookatthetitleofthepassageandanswerthequestions.Let’sreadthepassage.(P2-3)SatificationGuaranteed（Adapted）包你满意（改变版）ⅡWhile-readingSkimthepassageandthinkaboutthequestions:Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?2.Whatkindofgenre(体裁)isthepassage?Thepassagemainlytellsusan__________whereahouseholdrobotwas__________.testedoutexperiment1.Readforthemainidea:Descriptive描写文Narrative记叙文Expository说明文Argumentation议论文Whatkindofgenre(体裁)isthepassage?Thinkaboutthequestions(P2E2):Whoarethesepeople?Whataretherelationshipsamongthem?LarryBelmontClaireGladysClaffernTonyClairehousewifeLarryBelmontworkedforarobotcompanyTonyrobot:tall;handsome;morelikeahumanGladysClaffernoneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaroundhusbandwifeClaireenviedher.Clairetestedouttherobot.TonyhelpedClaireinallaspects.madethishouseholdrobotRelationships:LaryBelmontworkedforacompanythatmaderobots.

Recentlyithadbegunexperimentingwithahouseholdrobot.Itwasgoingtobetestedoutbylarry’swife,

Claire.1:拉里·贝尔蒙特在一家机器人制造公司工作。该公司最近开始试验家用机器人。机器人将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行试用(testout)。Clairedidn'twanttherobotinherhouse,especialy

asherhusbandwouldbeawayonabusinesstripforthreeweeks,butlarypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.Itwouldbeabonus.Howeverwhenshefirstsawtherobot,shefeltalarmed.HisnamewasTony.Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoice,althoughhisfacialexpresionneverchanged.2.克莱尔并不想家里有个机器人，尤其是在丈夫要出差三周的时候，但是拉里劝她说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。还会是个意外收获(bonus)。然而，第一次看到机器人时，克莱尔还是有点惊慌。这个机器人名叫托尼，看着不太像机器，而更像(morelike)一个真人。托尼高大英俊，头发顺滑，嗓音低沉，不过他的面部表情始终不变。Onthesecondmoning,Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.Shefeltembarasedandquicklytoldhimtogo.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.3.第二天早晨，托尼给克莱尔端来了早餐，还问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。克莱尔感到非常尴尬，立刻让托尼走开。现在，她正由一个看起来这么像人类的机器人照料着，这很令人不安。Oneday,Clairementionedthatshedidn'tthinkshewasclever.Tonysaidthatshemustfeelveryunhappytosaythat.Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegradully

admiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.Healwaystreatedherwithdignity.Shetoldhimhowshewasunhappythatherhomewasn'telegantenoughforlarry,whowantedtoimprovehissocialpositionwithabiggersalary.shewasn'tlikeGladysClaffern,oneoftherichestandmostpowerfulwomenaround.4.有一天，克莱尔说她觉得自己并不聪明。托尼说她肯定是感到很不开心才会这么说。克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬(ridiculous)但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直(integrity)，并且开始信任他。托尼对她彬彬有礼(treatherwithdignity)。克莱尔告诉托尼自己多么不开心，因为拉里觉得家里不够雅致;拉里想通过涨工资(salary)来提高自己的社会地位。克莱尔与格拉迪丝·克拉芬不同，后者是当地最有钱有势的女性之一。Asafavour,TonypromisedtohelpClairemakeherselfmorebeautifulandherhomemoreelegant.Soclaireborrowedsomelibrarybooksforhimtoread,orrather,scan.Shelookedathisfingerswithwonderastheyturnedeachpage.Howabsurd,shethought.Hewasjustamachine.5.作为一项恩惠，托尼答应帮助克莱尔，把她变得更漂亮些，也把她的家变得更雅致些。于是，克莱尔从图书馆借来了一些书让托尼阅读，应该说是让他扫视。她惊奇地看着托尼的手指翻动书页的样子，心想这太荒唐(absurd)了。他只不过是一台机器罢了。TonygaveClaireanewhairstyleandimprovedhermakeup.Ashewasnotallowedtoaccompanyhertotheshops,hewroteoutalistofthingsthathewouldneedforhisworkonthehouse.

Clairewentdowntownandboughtthesethings.

Shehadanappointmenttopainthernails,thenshewentintoanexpensiveclothesshop.Thesaleswomantherewasrudetoher,sosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.

Hespoketothewomanwho

immerdiatalychangedherattitude.ClairethankedTony,tellinghimthathewasa"dear".Assheturmedaround,therestoodGladysClafern.Howawfultobediscoveredbyher,Clairethought.Bythelookonherface,ClaireknewthatGladysthoughttheywereinarelationship.Afterall,sheknewClaire’shusband’snamewasLarry,notTony.Althoughitwascompletelyinnocent,Clairefeltguilty.6.托尼给克莱尔做了一个新发型，还改善了她的妆容。但是，由于托尼被禁止陪同克莱尔去商店，所以他开具了一张装修房子所需材料的清单。克莱尔去市中心购买了这些东西。她按预约(appointment)去美甲(nail后，走进了一家高档时装店。女店员(saleswoman)对她很粗鲁，于是她打电话给托尼，告诉他说自己受到了不礼貌的对待。托尼同店员交谈之后，店员立刻改变了态度。克莱尔向托尼道谢，称托尼为“亲爱的”。当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。被她发现了，这多么难堪啊，克莱尔心想。从她脸上的表情判断，克莱尔知道格拉迪丝认为自己出轨了。毕竟她知道克莱尔丈夫的名字是拉里，而不是托尼。虽然完全无辜，克莱尔还是感到内疚(guilty)。WhenClairegothome,shewept.GladyswaseverythingClairewishedtobe.TonytoldhershewasbeingsensitiveandwasjustasgoodasGladys.

HesuggestedthatsheinviteGladysandherfriendstothehousethenightbeforehewastoleaveandLarrywastoreturn.Bythattime,Tonyexpectedthatthehouse,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbeready.7.到家后，克莱尔啜泣不止。格拉迪丝是她竭力模仿的对象。托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她像格拉迪丝一样优秀。托尼还建议在他离开，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。到那个时候，托尼预计这栋正在彻底改造的房子将大功告成。Thenightofthepartyarived.Theclockstruckeight.Theguestswouldbearivingsoon,soClairedismissedTonyfortherestofthenight.Atthatmoment,Tonytookherinhisarms,bringinghisfaceclosetohers.sheheardhimdeclarethathedidnotwanttoleaveherthenextday,andthathefeltmorethanjustthedesiretopleaseher.Thenthefrontdoorbellrang.8.聚会之夜到了。时钟敲响了八点整，客人们很快就要来了，于是克莱尔让托尼结束(dismiss)了当晚的工作。就在那一瞬间，托尼将她揽入怀中，慢慢地贴近她的脸庞。克莱尔听着托尼宣布(declare)说他次日并不想离开她，而且心里的愿望不只是让她开心而已。就在这时，前门的门铃响了。ItturnedoutthatTonywasarobot,sothereisnocrisisinClaire’smarriage.ButClairemighthavefalleninlovewithTonybeforesheknewit.Understandforeshadowings(伏笔)in

thesentenceWhydidClairefeelguilty?Para6Para7Whatdoesthesentencemean?Clairefeltinferior(较差的；比不上……的)toGladys,becauseshewassensitive,soTonywantedtohelpherregainherconfidence.Besides,heknewthatGladysandherfriendsmustenviedherwhentheysawthehandsomerobot.Understandforeshadowings(伏笔)in

thesentencecomparison:thesameas,similarto,similarly,morelike,justas,incomparison,inthesamewayWhatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenTonyandahumanbeing?Usethewordsintheboxestodescribethesimilaritiesanddifferences.(P3E5)contrast:differentfrom,but,while,whereas,although,however,incontrast,ontheotherhandTonyHumanbeingprogrammedtoappearsensitivecanshowtruesensitivityandcarealwaysthesameemotionscanchangeofferssympathytreatspeoplekindlywarmbodyAhumanbeing’sfacialexpressionchangesoften,whereasTony’sneverchanges.EXAMPLEPost-readingⅢDoyouthinkitispossibleforapersontolovearobot?Why?Whatrelationshipdoyouthinkwilldevelopbetweenhumansandrobotsinthefuture?RelationshipwithRobots:GoodorBadforHumans?Debate(P3E6)LanguagePointsⅣ1科幻小说2用……做实验3检验；测验4出差5感到惊慌6更像是；接近7彬彬有礼地对待某人Importantphrases

(P1~P2)sciencefictiontestoutonabusinesstripfeelalarmedmoreliketreatsbwithdignityexperimentwith8提