专题08 非谓语动词-备战2020年中考语法专项突破+题型特训

专题8非谓语动词主动形式:todo,tobed主动形式:todo,tobedoing,tohavedone考点一、非谓语动词的分类及其功能不定式被动形式:tobe不定式被动形式:tobedone,tohavebeeendonedoing,tohavedone形式现在分词主动形式形式现在分词主动形式:doing,havingdone被动形式:beingdo被动形式:beingdone,havingbeeendonedoing,tohavedone过去分词done过去分词done1.不定式做状语1.不定式做状语2.分词做状语3.独立成分做状语非谓语动词非谓语动词做状语做状语1.不定式做定语1.不定式做定语2.分词做定语做定语做定语功能功能1.不定式做宾语2.动名词做宾语做宾语1.不定式做宾语2.动名词做宾语做宾语1.不定式做补语2.分词做补语3.不定式、分词做补语的区别1.不定式做补语2.分词做补语3.不定式、分词做补语的区别做补语作主语作主语1.不定式做主语2.动名词做主语1.不定式做主语2.动名词做主语作表语1.不定式做表语1.不定式做表语2.动名词做标考点二、动词不定式的功能及用法动动词不定式不定式(to)do的用法不定式的时态不定式的一般式1.表示与谓语动词同时发生eg:Isawhimgoout.作主语作表语作宾语作宾补作定语作状语宾从省略式常被形式主语it代替be+todo“是做”被形式宾语it代替省to或不省要后置，省介否表目的，原因疑问词+todo不定式的进行时1.表示谓语动词的动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行。eg:HepretendedtobesleepingwhenIcamein.2表示在谓语动词之后发生eg:Heisbelievedtobecoming22表示在谓语动词之后发生eg:Heisbelievedtobecoming2.表式在谓语动词之后发生。eg:Iplantoattendthemeetingtommow.考点三、动名词的功能及用法动名词动名词动名词的用法作主语eg:Seeingisbelieving作表语eg:Herjobisteaching作宾语eg:Hefondofplayingfootball作定语eg:Hehasareadingroom接动名词作宾语的情况在下列动词后接动词作宾语时用动名词形式：admit,advise,allow,anticipate,考点四、过去分词的功能及用法过过去分词形式功能(1)一般情况，在动词后加ed.

(2)在以-e结尾动词后只加d.

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加-ed.

(4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed作时间状语;作原因状语作条件状语;表示伴随状况做状语做定语做宾补过去分词没有语态变化。过去分词自身就可以表示被动语态的意义。1.过去分词可以作名词的前置定语感官动词+宾语+过去分词宾补（意义被动，已经完成）；感官动词+宾语+ing形式宾补(意义主动，正在进行）过去分词短语可以作名词的后置定语1.及物动词的过去分词作定语有被动之意。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语有完成之意。有些不及物动词必须和副词搭配才能作定语使役动词+宾语+过去分词宾补（意义被动，已经完成）；使役动词+宾语+ing形式宾补（意义主动，正在进行）过去分词宾补表示正在发生的被动意义时要采用"being

+

过去分词"结构过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，要在过去分词的前面加上一个名词，构成过去分词的独立结构。作状语。一、选择填空1.Themeeting_______nextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.A.totakeplaceB.tobetakenplaceC.tohavetakenplaceD.beingtakenplace2._______bytheComradeLeiFeng,wetryourbesttodo

gooddeeds.A.InspiredB.BeinginspiredC.TobeinspiredD.Inspiring3.It'sno

good_______here.

Let's

go

home.A.towaitB.waitedC.waitingD.beingwaited4.Ilistenedtothewind,______thathewouldnotcometonight.A.thinkingB.tothinkC.thoughtD.beingthinking5.Iamsorry______writtenyoualetteratthetime.A.tohavenotB.tonothaveC.nottohaveD.nothaving6.Tomapologizedtome______again.A.tobelateB.ofbeinglateC.tohavebeenlateD.forbeinglate7.__________sincethenightbefore,Ifeltveryhungry.A.HavingnoteatenanythingB.NoteatinganythingC.Ihadn'teatenanythingD.Nothavingeatenanything8.Wethenlistenedtothechild________thearticle______ontheblackboard.A.read,writingB.reading,writingC.toread,writtenD.read,written9.________itwithmeandI'llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave10._________suchachance,whydon'tyouhaveatry?A.TogiveB.HavingC.GivenD.Giving11.Fivepeoplewerereported________intheaccident.A.tobekilledB.tokillC.killedD.tohavebeenkilled12._________isbadforhishealth.A.MikesmokingB.Mike'ssmokingC.Mike'sbeingsmokingD.Mikesmokes13.Icameintotheclassroom,______myseatandsatdowntoread.A.findingB.tofindC.foundD.founded14.Itisaproblemthatdoesn'tneed________rightnow.A.tosolveB.solvingC.beingsolvedD.tobesolving15.________byacrowdofpeople,Ifeltnervous,______whattosay.A.Watching,

didn't

knowB.Havingwatched,andnotknewC.Havingbeenwatch,notknownD.Beingwatched,notknowing二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.Howabout________(have)apartynextSunday.2.Dadoftenaskme________(notplay)ontheroad.3.Idon’tknowhow________(express)myexcitingfeelings.4.Mr,Greenwassoangrythathecouldn’thelp________(shout)athiswife.5.Weshouldavoid________(disturb)others.6.Hewasmade________(wash)thecarhimself.7.Wemusttakestrongmeasure________(protect)ourenvironment.8.Ihappened________(meet)oneofmyfriendsinthestreetyesterday.9.There’snoneed________(leave)rightnow.10.It‘sourduty________(protect)ourplanet.11.I’msorry________(disturb)you.12.Canyouteachmehow________(surf)?13.Hepromised________(follow)thegoodsuggestions.14.Ifyouhaveachance________(study)here,youwilllearnmoreknowledge.15.Learnthenewwhile________(review)theold.三、根据所给汉语提示写出下列句中所缺的名词1.Chinaisa________(发展)country,_______(属于)theThirdWorld.2.Thebuilding_______(建造)willbeservedasourdining-hall.3.Not______(知道)hisaddress,wehavenoway______(取得联系)withhim.4.Not______(理解、懂得)thelocallanguageandhavingnofriendinthecountry,hefounditimpossible______(找到)ajob.5.______(出生)and______(教育、养育)inthecountryside,heknowsbetteraboutthehardlifeofpleasant.6.Inrecentyears,______(领导)bytheParty,peoplefindtheirlivingconditionsgreatly________(改变、变化).7.Wouldyoubesokindas______(给)ussomeadviceonhow_______(学习)English.8.Idreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroomand______(给)lessonstolovelyboys.9.Onthemeeting,twenty-five_______(前进)teacherswerepraisedandthosewhohadcompletedthirtyyearsofteachingweregivenmedals.10.Shekeptthelamb_______(系)toatreeduringthedayandwenttofetchiteveryevening.四、词语运用阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。mop；smoke；apologize；look；mind；punish；fine；hit；catch；tremainAcookwascaught1(smoke)red-handedandtheowneroftherestaurantmadehim2(hit)onroadimmediately.Withsomanystaff3(look)athim,hefeltveryembarrassed.Hiscolleaguesfounditrightforhim4(punish),becausethelightedcigaretteendscouldcausethewholerestaurant5(catch)fire.Thecookbeggedtheownertogivehimthelastchance.Theownereventuallyhadhim6(apologize)andgothim9(fine).Thecookwasallowed10(remain).Now,heisseen11(mop)thefloorshardandInoticemanycustomerspassinghim.Heislistentotoremindthem14(mind)thesign,reading“NOSMOKING!”Ihearavoiceinmyheartsaying“respectyourselfandyouwillfeelvalued.”五、完形填空In

the

Quality

Education

Month

of

Shanghai

Yangpu

District,

the

visitors

were

attracted

by

aChinese

class

ofgrade

two

in

the

Primary

School

under

shanghai

No.

2

Normal

School.When

class

began,

the

teacher

truned

onTV

instead

of

__1__

the

pupils

to

open

theirtextbooks.OntheTV__2__

a

cartoon.With

the

cartoon

__3__on,theteacherkeptaskingquestions.

"Whatdoes

the

little___4__dog

look

like?“

How

is

his

expression?”and“whatlady

Silk

worm

doing?The

pupils

watched

carefullyand

___5__their

hands___6__thequestions

one

after

another.After___7__a

few

times

and

___8__about

it

together,the

pupilshanded

in

a

short

composition___9__"The

little

Spotted

Dog

Guards

the

House”.Much

to

the

surprise

of

the

visitors,

the

cartoon

shown

on

TV

was

designed

and

made

by

the

They

help

thepupils

to

understand

the

difficult

points

in

the

texts,___10___their

imagination

and

improve

their

oral

ability.1.A.

having

askingB.askingC.

to

askD.

being

asking

2.

A

appearedB

appearingC.

appearD

appears

3.

A.to

goB

goingC.

wentD.

had

gone

4.

A.

spottingB.spottedC.being

spottedD.is

spotted

5.A.putupB.

puttedupC.

puttingupD.putdown

6.A.

to

answerB.

for

answeringC.

and

ans