中国古代建筑类型介绍

中国古代建筑类型介绍第1页/共14页The

types

of

ancient

Chinese

architecture宫殿亭台坛廊榭庑厢舍轩斋寝楼阁palaceAltarterracegalleryBoxespavilionDormitorieshousesbuildingshall第2页/共14页Inancienttimes,thepalacewasacommonhouse.AftertheQinDynasty,itwasonlytorefertotheresidenceoftheemperor.Palace宫堂（hall）——Aplacewherepeopleconductceremonies,handleofficialdutiesorreceiveguests,donotlivehere室（room）——Aplacewherepeoplelive.房（room）——Amoreprivateplaceofresidence第3页/共14页hall殿（堂）AftertheHanDynasty,peopleusedtocallthe堂（hall）“殿（Hall）",andlaterpeoplespecificallyreferredtothehallintheimperialpalace.第4页/共14页Pavilion亭Inancienttimes,pavilionisthehousesofthepublic,itwasbuiltontheroadsidetoallowpassengerstostay.Atpresent,apavilioninagardenreferstoabuildingwithatopandnowall.第5页/共14页TerraceandAltar

台和坛Theterraceishighandflat.Thebuildingcanbebuiltontheterrace,ornothing.Altarislargerandhigherthanterrace.第6页/共14页Gallery

廊Thepassagewayundertheeaves第7页/共14页Pavilion

榭ThewoodenstructureontheterraceiscalledthepavilionThereareonlythewindowsofthecouplets,andnowallsWaterside

Pavilion第8页/共14页Boxes

厢ThehousesonbothsidesoftheNorth-Southdistributionofthemainhousewerecommonlyreferredtoas“boxes".第9页/共14页hall

轩Thehallisalonggalleryorroomwithawindowsill临轩：In

ancienttimes,theemperordidnotsitatthemainhall,buthereceivedtheministeronthefrontplatform.第10页/共14页Dormitories（bedrooms）

寝Inancienttimes,thehallwithouteastwestchamberwascommonlycalled"bedroom".IntheZhouDynasty,aroomwithabigbedisthehall,aroomwithasmallbedistheroom.Thebedroomalsoreferstothemeaningoftheimperialpalace.Laterpeoplecalledtheroomwheremanypeoplelivetogether“Dormitory”第11页/共14页Pavilionandhall阁、楼Thehallisahousewithalotoflayers.However,accordingtoancientrecords,inancienttimes,mostofthehallsthatpeoplelivedinweretwofloorsofwoodenorsouthernbamboo.Peopledon'tliveupstairs,buttheyputsomesundriesthereInthesouth,thesmallroomonthebuildingisalsocalledthepavilion.Inancienttimes,somewomenlivedinplacescalled“Pa