2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷

2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.5分）A．Inacharityshop．B．InalaundryC．Inadormitory．D．Inaclothingstore．1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．1.5分）A．Alibrarian．В．Asecretary．C．Areporter．D．Anaccountant．1.5分）A．PurchasesomeingredientsB．Givethemaninstructionsforthesoup．C．Checktoseeifthesoupisready．D．Writedownthedirectionstothesupermarket．1.5分）A．Chocolateishisfavouriteflavor．B．There'snomorechocolatepuddingleft．C．Hedoesn'twantanychocolatepudding．D．He'salreadytastedthechocolatepudding．1.5分）A．Shehasn'tcalledthetravelagencyyet．B．Shedoesn'tknowwhenhersemesterends．C．Themanmayhavetoreschedulehistrip．第1页（共42页）D．Themanshouldtakehisvacationsomewhereelse．1.5分）A．Getaticketfromhissister．B．Helphissisteroutofherconflict．C．Gototheconcertwithhissister．D．Getascheduleoffutureperformances．1.5分）A．Meethisadvisor．B．TrackhisadviserC．AdjusthiscoursescheduleD．Followhiscoursescheduleasadvised．1.5分）A．Hehasalreadypaidhislandlordfornextyear'srent．B．He'sdecidedhowhe'sgoingtospendtheprizemoney．C．Hedoesn'tknowhowmuchhisrentisgoingtoincrease．D．He'salreadyplanningtoenterfornextyear'sessaycontest1.5分）A．Themancanuseherelectronicdictionary．B．Themanshouldbuyanewpaperdictionary．C．ShecanshowthemanhowtousethedictionaryD．Shewillworkmoreefficientlywithhisdictionary．4.5）A．Nappingmayhelppreventseniors'memorylossB．Sleepisgoodforusbothmentallyandphysically．C．ManyAmericansdonotwanttoadmittheytakeanap．D．Takingnapsisverycommoninotherpartsoftheworld．（2）A．Theyareafraidofbecominglazy．B．Theydon'tthinknappingiscommon．C．Theyaretooenergetictoneedanap．D．Theydon'twanttobeconsideredweak．（3）A．Nappingisnotaseffectiveforpeoplewithsleepdisorders．B．NappingcafeshavebeenquitecommoninAmericancities．C．RestinginthemiddleoftheworkdaymaycostalotofmoneyD．ManyAmericansarechangingtheirofficesintonappingrooms4.5）A．Arecentsurveyonunfriendlyneighbours．第2页（共42页）B．Agrowthincomplaintsaboutneighbours．C．Theincreasingnoisesmadebyneighbours．D．Differentviewsonrelationsbetweenneighbours．（2）A．Selfishattitudes．B．Highimmigration．C．Morecrowdedspace．D．Unwillingnesstosocialize．（3）A．Weoughttounderstandtheinstances．B．Explanationsfortheinstanceshaveincreased．C．It'seasiertomakecomplaintsonTVchannels．D．Theproblemcanbeviewedfromanotherangle．6）A．Theplacetobuysoap．B．Theplanstosurviveonthecampus．C．Thewaytousedryingmachines．D．Thestepstowashclotheswithmachines（2）A．Itcanpromotebacteriagrowth．B．Itcanproducedirtintheclothes．C．Itcanbeawasteofwaterandsoap．D．Itcanleavebubblesinthemachine（3）A．Excited．B．．C．DisappointedD．Embarrassed（4）A．Thewoman'smotherseldomdoesthingsforher．B．Americankidsbecomeindependentevenbeforeten．C．Themanandthewomanarefromdifferentcountries．D．Intheeyeoftheman'smother，independenceisimportant．II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassage，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，第3页（共42页）useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.15分）ElectricBikeBaninNewYorkHurtsFoodDeliveryWorkersAbanonelectricbieyclesinNewYorkCityishurtingdeliveryworkerswhodependonthemtoearnaliving．Manyoftheworkersareimmigrants．Electricbicycles，or"e﹣bikes，"looklikeregularbicycles，buttheyhaveelectric﹣poweredmotorstoassistridersinmovingthebikeforward．Moste﹣bikesreachspeedsofabout32kilometersanhour，butsomecangomuch（1）（fast（2）itislegaltoowne﹣bikesinNewYorkCity，itisnotlegaltooperate．Officialsthereconsiderthedangeroususeofe﹣bikesonstreetsandsidewalksasthereason（）theban．Last，thecityannouncedseveremeasures（4）（mean）toholde﹣bikeridersandrestaurantthatemploytheridersresponsible．E﹣bikeoperatorscannowbefined$500forbreakingthe．Thepolice（5）alsoseizethe．ManyofNewYork'sdeliveryworkersareChineseimmigrantsintheir50sand60s．Theirjobrequiresthemtoworkquicklyandforlonghours（）（）enoughmoneytoliveon．DeliveryworkerDegingLiansaiditisimportanttoperformqualitywork（7）theirjobalsodependsontips．Headdedthatwhendeliveryworkersaretooslow，somepeoplerefusetopayforthefood，whichmakestheworkers'supervisorsangry．LigiangLiuisane﹣bikedeliveryworkerandspokespersonfortheNewYorkDeliveryWorkersUnion．Hesays（8）（）breakingthebanandhavingthebikeseizedwouldcausecostlydelaysforworkers．DoLeeiswiththeBikingPublicProject，（）providesassistancetobicycle﹣relatedworkersinNewYorkCity．Hesaysthecity'sbanone﹣bikesisunfairlytargetinglow﹣paidworkerswholargelycomefromthecity'sLatinoandAsiancommunities．Hedoesnotaccepttheargument（10）﹣bikespresentadangertocitizens．However，manyNewYorkersarequicktoblamee﹣bikeridersfornotbeingsafe．SectionBDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmore第4页（共42页）thanyouneed.3分）A．overateB．preciousC．rateD．researchersE．impressionF．previousG．presentedH．interpretI．goers．revealedK．consumerPeopleThinkMealsTasteBetterIfTheyAreExpensiveItissaidthatthere'snosuchthingasafreelunch，butevenifyoumanagetobagabargainmeal，itwillnottasteasgoodasamoreexpensivemeal，accordingtoscientists．Anewstudyhasfoundthatrestaurant（1）whopaymorefortheirmealsthinkthefoodistastierthanifitisofferedforasmallerprice．Theexpertsthinkthatpeopletendtoassociatecostwithqualityandthischangestheir（）ofhowfoodtastes．ScientistsatCornellUniversityinNewYorkstudiedtheeatinghabitsof139peopleenjoyinganItalianbuffer（自助餐）inarestaurant．Thepriceofthefoodwassetbythe（）ateither﹩4or﹩8fortheall﹣﹣﹣eat．Customerswereaskedto（4）howgoodthefoodtasted，thequalityoftherestaurantandtoleavetheirnames．Theexperiment（5）thatthepeoplewhopaid﹩8forthefoodenjoyedtheirmeal11percentmorethanthosewhoatethe"cheaper"buffet．Interestinglythosethatpaidforthe﹩4buffetsaidtheyfeltguiltieraboutloadinguptheirplatesandfeltthatthey（6）．However，thescientistssaidthatbothgroupsatearoundthesamequantityoffoodintotal，accordingtothestudy（）attheExperimentalBiologymeetingthisweek．BrianWansink，aprofessorof（）behaviourattheuniversity，："Wewerefascinatedtofindthatpricinghaslittleimpactonhowmuchoneeats，butahugeimpactonhowyou（）theexperience"Hethinksthatpeopleenjoyedtheirfoodmoreastheyassociatedcostwithqualityandthatsmallchangestoarestaurantcanchangehowtastypeoplefindtheirmeals．In（n）（10）study，scientistsfromtheuniversityshowedthatpeoplewhoeatindimlightingconsume175lesscalories（卡路里）thanpeoplewhoeatinbrightlylitareas．第5页（共42页）III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.15分）HowClimateChangeAffectsAirlineFlightsHotweatherhasforceddozensofcommercialflightstobecanceledatairportsintheSouthwestthissummer．Thisflight﹣disturbing（1）isawarningsign．Climatechangeisprojectedtohavefar﹣reaching（2）﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣includingsealevelrisefloodingcitiesandshiftingweatherpatternscausinglong﹣termdeclinesinagriculturalproduction．Andthereisevidencethatitisbeginningtoaffectthetakeoffperformanceofcommercialaircraftwithpotentialeffectsonairline（3）．Nationalandglobaltransportationsystemsandtheeconomicactivitytheysupporthave﹣designedfortheclimateinwhichitalldeveloped．Intheaviation（航空）industry，airportsandaircraftaredesignedfortheweatherconditionsexperienced（4）Becausetheclimateischangingevenfundamentalelementslikeairportsandkeyeconomicpartslikeairtransportationmayneedtobe（5）Asscientistsfocusedontheimpactsofclimatechangeandextremeweatheronhumansocietyandnaturalecosystemsaroundtheworld，ourresearchhasquantifiedhowextremeheatassociatedwithourwarmingclimatemayaffect（6）aroundtheworld．We'vefoundthatmajorairportsfromNewYorktoDubaitoBangkokwillseemorefrequenttakeoffweight（）inthecomingdecadesduetoincreasinglycommonhottemperatures，whichcanhelpreducetheaircraft'sweightsoastoloweritsrequiredtakeoffspeed．Thereisobviousevidencethatextremeeventssuchasheatwavesandcoastalfloodingarehappeningwithgreaterfrequencyandintensitythanjustafewdecadesago．Andifwe（）toreducegreenhousegasemissionssignificantlyinthenextfewdecades，thefrequencyandintensityortheseextremesisprojectedtoincreasedramatically．The（9）onaviationmaybewidespread．Manyairportsarebuiltnearsealevel，puttingthematriskofmorefrequent（10）asoceansrise．Thefrequencyandintensityofviolentairmovementmayincreaseinsomeregionsduetostrengtheninghigh﹣altitude（高海第6页（共42页）拔的）winds．Strongerwindswouldforceairlinesandpilotstochangeflightlengthsandroutings，potentiallyincreasingfuel（11）．Manydepartmentsoftheeconomy，includingtheaviationindustry，haveyettoseriously（）theeffectsofclimatechange．Thesooner，thebetter：Bothairportconstructionandaircraftdesigntakedecades，andhave（13）effects．Today'snewestplanesmaywellbeflyingin40or50，andtheir（）arebeingdesignednow．Theearlierclimateimpactsareunderstoodandappreciated，themoreeffectiveandlesscostlyadaptationscanbe．Thoseadaptationsmayevenincludeinnovativewaystodramaticallyreduceclimate﹣alteringemissionsacrosstheaviationindustry，whichwouldhelpreducetheproblemwhilealso（15）it．（1）A．schemeB．heatC．shiftD．mess（2）A．contributionsB．confusionC．feedbacksD．consequences（3）A．pilotsB．reservationsC．costsD．accidents（4）A．historicallyB．enormouslyC．fundamentallyD．domestically（5）A．retestedB．implementedC．prospectedD．reengineered（6）A．travelsB．developmentsC．flightsD．communications（7）A．disordersB．gainsC．bansD．restrictions（8）A．happenB．failC．aimD．promise（9）A．taxesB．effectsC．viewpointsD．comments（10）A．floodingB．rottingC．repairingD．transferring（11）A．standardB．efficiencyC．distributionD．consumption（12）A．considerB．avoidC．maximizeD．demonstrate（13）A．greaterB．differentC．lastingD．direct（14）A．airportsB．productsC．contractsD．replacements（15）A．sneezingatB．respondingtoD．recoveringfromC．resultinginSection：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveral第7页（共42页）questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.8分）Fluiskillingus．Theusualresponsetotheannualfluisnotenoughtofightagainsttheriskswecurrentlyface，letaloneprepareusforanevendeadlierwidespreadfluthatmostexpertsagreewillcomeinthefuture．，wehaveanannualvaccine（疫苗），andeveryonequalifiedshouldgetitwithoutquestion．Thereality，however，isthatlessthanhalfAmericansgetthefluvaccines．Andthefluvaccineswehaveareonly60%effectiveinthebestyearsand10%effectiveintheworstyears．Weurgentlyneedamuchmoreeffectivefluvaccine．IntheU．，seasonalflucancauseupto36millioninfections，﹣quartersofamillionhospitalizationsand56000．Wearenotinvestingtheresourcesneededtoprotectourselves，ourlovedonesandourcommunitiesWhynot？Wehaven'tbeenhitbyatrulydestructivewidespreaddiseaseinalongtime．Soasindividuals，weletdownourguardasourleadersquietlydefundanddestafftheservicesweneedtoprotectus．Theriskofcontinuedfootdraggingishuge．Inaseverewidespreaddisease，theU．．healthcaresystemcouldbedefeatedinjustweeks．Millionsofpeoplewouldbeinfectedbythevirus，andwoulddieintheweeksandmonthsfollowingtheinitialoutbreak．Thecostofpreventingepidemics（流行病）isroughlyatenthofwhatitcoststocopewiththemwhentheyhit．In2012，acallwasissuedforanannualbillion﹣dollarUS．commitmenttothedevelopmentofauniversalfluvaccine．Sixyearslater，thesearchforauniversalvaccineremainsseriouslyunderfunded．Thesimplereasonliesinourcollectivesatisfaction．Assoonasheadlinesaboutthefluaregoingtohospitalsareemptiedofflupatients，andschoolandworkplaceabsenceratesdecline，wegobacktobusinessasusual．Leadingscientistsandpublichealthofficialshavethecapabilitytokeepusmuchsaferfromflu．Theyneedyourquickanddecisivesupporttosucceed．Youractiontodaymaybeamatteroflifeanddeathforyouandyourlovedones第8页（共42页）（1）Theproblemofthecurrentfluvaccinesisthat．A．theyarenotavailableeveryyearB．mostAmericansarenotallowedtogetthemC．noteveryoneisqualifiedforthemD．manypeoplestillcatchfluaftergettingthem（2）Whatdoestheauthormeanby"continuedfootdragging"inParagraph4？A．Hospitalscannotmeettheneedsofpatientsduringfluoutbreaks．B．Theleaderscontinuetodragthefeetofthepatientsinfectedwithflu．C．Individualsaren'talertenoughtotheunderinvestmentinfluprevention．D．Fluwillcertainlybecomeaseverewidespreaddiseaseinthenearfuture．（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？A．Scienceiscurrentlynotsodevelopedastokeepussaferfromflu．B．Thedeathratefromfluismuchhigherthanthatfromotherdiseases．C．Thegeneralpublicispartiallytoblamefortheneglectoffluprevention．D．Developingauniversalfluvaccinewillcostmorethandealingwithflu．（4）Theauthorwrotethepassagemainlyto．A．teachpeoplemoreeffectivewaystofightagainstfluB．callonpeopletotakefluoutbreaksfarmoreseriouslyC．encouragemedicalscientiststodevelopmorefluvaccineD．urgethegovernmenttopublicizetherisksofwidespreadflu6分）HowtogetyourtaxrefundAtthestoreGetaGlobalBlueTaxFreeForm．IfyoudonothaveaSHOPTAXFREECard，see"HowtofilinyourTaxFreeForms"．MakesureyourTaxFreeFormisfilledinbeforearrivingatthepointofdeparture．Remembernorefundwithout：CompletedReceiptsCustomsFormattachedvalidation（验证）Atthepointofdeparture第9页（共42页）Fornon﹣EUresidentsonlyGoodscarriedinchecked﹣inluggage：．Checkyourluggageinatthecheck﹣incounter，tellthecheck﹣inclerkyouneeditbackforCustomspurposes．．TakethelabelledluggagetoCustoms，showthegoods，andhaveyourTaxFreeFormsstamped．CashinyourstampedFormattheappropriaterefundserviceproviderGoodscarriedinhandluggage：．GotoCustomsafterpassportcontrol，showthegoods，andhaveyourTaxFreeFormsstamped．Pleasenote：CustomsclearanceofgoodsinhandluggagecanonlytakeplaceatthelastEUairportbeforeyoufinallyleavetheEU．2．CashinyourstampedFormattheappropriatebankcounterorpostittotheappropriaterefundserviceprovider．Allowtimefortherefundprocess．GotoCustomsbeforeorafter﹣in，seeRefundOfficelist．PresentyourcompletedTaxFree，receipts，passport，andpurchaseditemstogetastamp．GotoaRefundOfficedisplayingtheGlobalBluelogoReceiveyourrefundpaidtoyourcreditcardwithinfivedaysorincash．Inarush？MailyourstampedandcompletedTaxFreeFormsandreceiptsbacktousintheenvelopeprovidedandgetyourrefundpaidtoyourcreditcardwithinthreeweeks．*EU：EuropeanUnion（1）Whomistheaboveinformationintendedfor？A．EUresidentswhowanttogettheirtaxrefunded．B．Non﹣EUresidentswhoaregoingtotravelinEU．C．EUresidentswhohaveGlobalBlueTaxFreeForms．D．Non﹣EUresidentswhoareleavingEUafterpurchases．（2）Togetyourtaxrefund，youneedtoafterhavingyourluggagecheckedinifyou'veputyourpurchasedgoodsinyourcheck﹣inluggage．A．showyourpurchasedgoodstothecheck﹣inclerk第10页（共42页）B．cashinyourstampedFormatthecheck﹣incounter．C．takebackyourluggagetotheCustomstogetastampD．gototheCustomstofillinaformwithouttheluggage（3）Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage？A．It'samusttoattachthereceiptstotheformtogetyourtaxrefund．B．It'sunnecessarytoshowyourpassporttotheCustomsforastamp．C．Youcangetyourrefundincashafterpostingyourformifinahurry．D．Youcangetyourrefundbycreditcardatonceattheappropriatecounter．8Aportraitcreatedbyartificialintelligence，orAl，madeahistoricappearanceontheauction（拍卖）blockatChristie'sinNewYorkCitythisweek．Itisthefirstartworkcreatedbyanalgorithm（算法）tobeofferedforauctionintheworldoffineart．Theodd﹣lookingpaintingofafictitiousmaninadarkcoatlefttheauctionblockatChristie'sfor﹩432，500onOct．25inNewYorkCity．Theportraitdesignedinthe"OldMaster"styleofEuropeanfineartistsfromcenturiesagoappearstorepresentamanwithavagueface，dressedinclothingsimilartothatwornbypeoplepaintedbytheDutchartistRembrandtvanRijninthe17thcentury．Ofcourse，acomputerdidn'tautomaticallypickupabrushandbecomeanartist．TheAlthatcreatedtheimagehadhumanprogrammers﹣aParisianartcollectivecalledObvious，Christie'sreported．Theircooperation，titled"PortraitofEdmondDeBelamy，"ispartofaseriesofpaintingsofthefictionalBelamyfamilyandwasexpectedtofetch﹩7，000to﹩10，000，accordingtoChristie's．Tocreatetheportrait，theObviousteamfirstfedthenetworkadietof15.000imagespaintedbetweenthe14thand20thcenturies，totrainittorecognizevisualelementsinfineart，ObviousartistHugoCaselles﹣DuprétoldChristie's．Thealgorithmthateventuallycreatedanoriginalimagehadtwopartsthatworkedagainsteachother．calledtheGenerator（thatmakesthe）andaDiscriminator（thattriestospotthedifferencebetweenhuman﹣createdandAl﹣createdimages﹣Dupréexplained；theycalledthisAl"generativeadversarialnetwork"（GAN﹣Dupréexplained．GAN'sfinalimagewasthenprintedandframed，accordingtoObvious．Atthebottomoftheportraitisamathematicalformula（公式）representingthealgorithmthatcreatedit，第11页（共42页）anodtotherelationshipbetweentheGeneratorandtheDiscriminator，Obviousartistswroteonthecollective'swebsite．ThegoalofthepaintingandofObvious，alsoco﹣foundedbyHugoCaselles﹣DupréandGauthierVernier，wastoprove"artificialintelligencecandomorethanoperatedriverlesscarsortransformmanufacturingitcanbecreative"ConsumerNewsandBusinessChannelreported．PortraitureisatoughtaskforAltotakeon，accordingtoChristie's，"sincehumansarehighlyaccustomedtothecurvesandcomplexitiesofafaceinawaythatamachinecannot．"ThisdifficultywaspartofObvious'thinkingwhentheycreatedtheportrait．"EdmonddeBelamy"isoneofelevenAlpaintingsmadebyObvious．（1）Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheportrait"EdmonddeBelamy"．A．wassoldatanunexpectedlyhighpriceB．wasthefirstartworksoldatanauctionC．isapaintingcreatedbymeansofbrushD．isamanwhoonceappearedattheauction（2）Tocreateaportrait，Alneedsto．A．learnfromplentyofimagesB．useanalgorithmwithmanypartsC．workagainsthumanpaintersD．recognizeitshumanprogrammers（3）Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage？A．Themathematicalformulaatthebottomoftheportraitismeaningless．B．Theportraitwasmadetoprovealgorithmsareabletoimitatecreativity．C．ItismoredifficultforAltooperatedriverlesscarsthantopaintaportrait．D．Alisbetteratpaintingthecurvesandcomplexitiesofafacethanahuman．（4）Thepassagemainlytellsusthat．A．AlwillsoonreplacemaninsomefieldsB．anAl﹣createdportraitsellshighatanauctionC．aproperalgorithmisthekeyforAltocreatecar第12页（共42页）D．Al﹣createdpaintingsarebetterreceivedatauctionsSectionCDirections：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.6分）A．It'sthatlong﹣termexposurethatexpertsfindmostworrisome．B．Carmanufacturersareunawareofstandardsregulatingairqualityinsidenewcars．C．Thisiswhencomponentsarestillunstableandtendtowardswhatiscalledoff﹣．D．Justreadingalistofthesubstancesisscaryenough，andthedangerofexposureisscarierstill．E．Thesourceofthesmellsomanybuyersfindappealingisinthevarioussubstancesusedincarconstruction．Fortunately，highconcentrationsofthesecompoundsgraduallydisappearjustafewmonthsaftermanufacture．IsNew﹣carSmellBadforYourHealth？Thesmellofanewcarcanbeappealinginshowrooms，forwhichthere'sagoodreason．Thatnewcarsmellcomesfromamixtureofchemicals，someofwhichcanbehighly．（1）Manyofthesecontainvolatile（挥发性的）organiccompounds（VOCssomeofwhichcanbedeadlyinsufficientquantities．Othersarejustbadforyou．"It'sachemicalcocktailmadeupoflotsofpoisonoussubstances，"saidJeffGearhart，ResearchDirectoroftheEcologyCenterintheUSstateofMichigan．TheEcologyCenterhasbeenmonitoringandtestingchemicallevelsintheinsideofthecarforyears，andhasnotedsomeimprovement．ButGearhartsaysthereisstillworktobedone．"Thereareover200chemicalcompoundsfoundinvehicles，"he．"Sincethesechemicalsarenotregulated，consumershavenowayofknowingthedangerstheyface．"（2）Immediatesymptomscanrangefromasorethroattoheadaches，dizziness，dependingonthesensitivityofanindividual．AccordingtotheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgency，continuedexposuretosomeof第13页（共42页）thesecanleadtoreproductiveimpactsanddamagetosomeorgansandcentralnervoussystem﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣orevencancer．Thedangeristhegreatestwhenthecarisnew，andthatnewcarsmellismostnoticeable．（3）Itisthereleaseofchemicalvapours，whichleadstothesmell．Heatfromavehicleleftinthesuncarmakemattersworse，andspeedupthechemicalreaction．Thedangerisreducedovertime，andexpertssaytheworstisusuallyoverwithinaboutsixmonths．Expertsadvisethebestthingthatbuyerscandotolimitexposureistokeeptheinsideofthecarwellventilated（通风的），especiallyduringthefirstsixmonthsofownership．Parkintheshadewiththewindowsopenwhenit'ssafetodoso，oratleasttrytoairitoutbeforegettinginside﹣especiallyonnotdays．IV.SummaryWriting8分）DirectionsReadthefollowingpassage．Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words．Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible．TakeCareofYourSpine（脊柱）Thespinestandsatthecenterofyourhealth，providingyourbodywithstructureandsupport．Italsocontainsyourspinalcord，amassivecollectionofnervesthatsendselectricsignalsfromtherestofyourbodytoyourbrain．Therefore，it'simportanttotakecareofit．Maintainingyourgoodpostureisoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotokeepyourspinehealthy．Properposturemeansstandingorsittingwhilekeepingyourspinestraight，exceptforitsnaturalcurves．Posturecomesintoplayevenwhenyou'reasleep．Sleepingonyoursideputslessstressonyourspinethanmostotherpositions．Havingacomfortablebedisalsoveryimportantassleepinginapositionthatisn'tcomfortablecanleaveyourbackfeelingsorethenextday．Exerciseisalsoanimportantfactorinthehealthofyourspine．Stayingstillfortoolongevenifyourpostureisgood﹣canbehardonyourback．Especiallyifyouworkatadeskmostofthe，it'simportanttogetupandstretchperiodically．Stretchescanhelpthemusclesaroundyourspinerelaxandallowbonestoshiftintobetterpositions．Strengthexerciseswithlightweightsorbodyweightexerciseslikepushupscanalsohelpbystrengtheningthemusclesaroundyour．However，don'toverdotheexercise，as第14页（共42页）repeatedmotionscanhurtthemusclesaroundyourspine．Yourdietalsoaffectsthehealthofyourspinebecausemanyvitaminsarenecessaryforbonesandnerves．Inparticular，Bvitaminshelpkeepnerveshealthy，soyoumaywanttoconsidertakinga．supplement（补充物）．AnotherimportantfactorisvitaminD，whichisessentialforstrongbones，but．it'salsoabsorbedfromsunlight，soitmayhelptodosomeofthosebackexercises．V.TranslationDirections：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish，usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.4分）科学家们惊叹于这些植物对城市环境的快速适应．（adaption）4分）我妹妹的课堂笔记一向一目了然，值得学习．（enough）4分）那些源自于中国古代文学的角色在这个网络游戏里获得了新生．（originate）4它是不以人类的意志为转移的．（independent）VI.GuidedWriting25分）Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120﹣150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese．中华中学为了进一步规范学校的社团建设，提高社团活动的品质，向广大师生征求意见．假设你是该校学生王敏，写一封电子邮件给负责社团的林老师，就你所了解的1﹣2个学校社团发表意见．你的邮件需包括：＞你所了解的学校社团的现状（亮点和不足）及其原因：＞提出你对改进学校社团建设的建议．注：文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校．第15页（共42页）2019年上海市崇明区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.5分）A．Inacharityshop．B．InalaundryC．Inadormitory．D．Inaclothingstore．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略1.5分）A．﹩114．B．﹩86．C．﹩14．D．﹩43．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略1.5分）A．Alibrarian．В．Asecretary．C．Areporter．D．Anaccountant．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略第16页（共42页）【解答】略【点评】略1.5分）A．PurchasesomeingredientsB．Givethemaninstructionsforthesoup．C．Checktoseeifthes