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八年级英语知识点总结
八年级英语学问点总结1
I.重点短语
1.ontime
2.bestwishes
3.giveatalk
4.forexample
5.shortfor
6.awasteoftime
7.goonafieldtrip
8.gofishing
9.Iagree
10.nextweek
11.thedayaftertomorrow
12.haveapicnic
13.havesomeproblemsdoingsth.
14.gothewrongway
15.hurryup
16.gettogether
17.intheopenair
18.onMid-AutumnDay
19.comeover
20.haveto
21.gethome
22.agreewith
23.inthecountry
24.intown
25.allthesame
26.infrontof
27.ontheleft/rightside
28.nextto
29.upanddown
30.keephealthy
31.growup
32.atthesametime
33.thedaybeforeyesterday
35.lastSaturday
36.halfanhourago
37.amomentago
38.justnow
39.bytheway
40.allthetime
41.atfirst
II.重要句型
1.havefundoingsth.
2.Whydontyou…?
3.Weregoingtodosth.
4.startwithsth.
5.Whynot…?
6.Areyougoingto…?
7.befriendlytosb.
8.Youdbetterdosth.
9.asksb.forsth.
10.saygoodbyetosb.
11.Goodluck(withsb)!
III.交际用语
1.Welcomebacktoschool!
2.Excuseme.ImsorryImlate,becausethetrafficisbad.
3.Itdoesntmatter.
4.HappyTeachersDay!
5.Thatsagoodidea.
6.Whatareyougoingtodo?
7.Wherearewegoing?
8.Whatarewegoingtodo?
9.Imgoodat?10.Itsnotfarfrom?11.Areyoufreetomorrowevening?
12.WouldyouandLilyliketayocomeovertomyhomeforMid-AutumnFestival?
13.Imgladyoucancome.
14.Thanksforaskingus.
15.Howaboutanotherone?
16.MayIhaveataste?
17.Letmewalkwithyou.
18.Whatdoyouhavetodo?
19.Doyouliveonafarm?
20.Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?
21.Whichdoyoulikebest,dogs,catsorchickens?
22.Shallwegoatten?Goodidea!
23.---Letsmakeithalfpastone.---OK.
24.---Whynotcomealittleearlier?---Allright.
25.Excuseme.Wheresthenearestpostoffice,please?
26.Itsoverthereontheright.
27.ImsorryIdontknow.
28.Youdbetter?29.Thankyouallthesame.
30.WhichbusdoItake?
31.Goalongthisroad.
32.Whatdaywasityesterday?
33.Imsorrytohearthat.
34.Ihopeyourebetternow.
35.Whydidyoucallme?
36.Icalledtotell晻晻晻?IV.重要语法
1.begoingto的用法;
2.形容词的比拟级、最高级;
3.形容词和副词的比拟
4.一般过去时
II.【名师讲解】
1.onthestreet/inthestreet
表示在街上时,onthestreet和inthestreet都可以,在美国多用onthestreet,在英国多用inthestreet.例如:
Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我们在街上有座房子。
Imethimonthestreet.我在街上遇见了他。
2.wouldlike/like
wouldlike和like含义不同。like意思是喜爱,爱好,而wouldlike意思是想要。试比拟:
Ilikebeer.=Imfondofbeer.我喜爱喝啤酒。
Idlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。
Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜爱看电影吗?
Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看电影吗?
3.another/theother
(1)another通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体。
例如:
MayIhaveanotherapple,please?请在给我一个苹果好吗?
Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother这件外套我穿太小,请再给我拿一件看看。
(2)theother通常指两者中的另一个。例如:
Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有两把尺子,一把短的,另一把长的。
Ihavetwobrothers.OneworksinXian.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有两个兄弟,一个在西安工作,另一个在北京工作。
4.haveto/must
(1)haveto和must都可以用来谈论义务,但用法略有不同。假如某人主观上觉得必需去做而又想去时,常用must。假如谈论某种来自外界的义务,常用haveto。例如:
Imuststopsmoking.我必需戒烟。(自己想戒烟)
Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.
他们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得他们去工作)
(2)haveto可用于多种时态,must只能用于一般现在时。例如:
Illhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必需早早起床。
Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.
为了多挣钱,我们不得不每天长时间地工作。
(3)用于否认句时,mustnt意思是决不能,制止,而donthaveto意思是不必,相当于neednt。例如:
Youmustntbelateagainnexttime.下一次你决不能再迟到。
Youdonthavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.
你今日不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5.hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.
hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是听到某人或某物在做某事,而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思是听到某人或某物做过某事。试比拟:
IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.听见他在唱英歌曲。
IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我听见他唱一首英文歌。
类似hear这种用法的还有see,watch,listen,feel等感官动词。
6.any/some
any和some都可以同不行数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用,但some一般用在确定句中;any用在疑问句和否认句中。试比拟:
Iwantsomemoney.我想要点钱。
Haveyouanymoney?你有钱吗?
Idonthaveanymoney.我一点钱也没有。
some有时也用于疑问句,表示说话人期盼一个确定答复或鼓舞人家说是。例如:
Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?请你再来点啤酒好吗?
CouldIhavesomerice,please?请给我来点米饭好吗?
7.hear/listento
listento和hear都有听的意思,但含义有所不同。Listento强调听的动作,hear强调听的结果。例如:
Listentome,please!Imgoingtotellyouastory.请听我说!我给你们讲个故事。
Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?听!你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗?
Ilistened,butheardnothing.我听了听,但什么也听不见。
hear后面假如接宾语从句,经常表示听说。例如:
Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。
Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。
8.Lets…/Letus…
Lets…和Letus…都表示让我们……,假如us包括听话人在内,其含义一样,附带问句用shallwe.假如us不包括听话人在内,其含义不同,Letus…的附带问句要用willyou。例如:
Letsgoshopping,shallwe?我们去购物好吗?
9.take/bring/carry/get
这四个动词都有拿和带的意思,但含义有所不同。take意为带走,拿走,bring意为带来,拿来,get表示到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来,carry不强调方向,带有负重的意思。试比拟:
Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母经常带我到那里去度假。
ImgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我预备带你去北京。
Bringmeacupoftea,please.请给我端杯茶来。
Illbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。
Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable效劳员把肉送到桌上。
Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那个包背在背上。
Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。
Letmegetthedoctor.让我去请医生吧。
10.faraway/faraway
(1)faraway是一个副词短语,意思是很远。例如:
Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些离得很远,有些离得近一些的。
Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那个村子离这儿很远。
(2)faraway是一个形容词,意思是遥远的,可以在句中作定语。例如:
Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一个遥远的小山村。
11.find/lookfor
find和lookfor都有找的意思,但含义不同。find强调找的结果,而lookfor强调找的过程。请看以下例句:
Heislookingforhisbike.他在找他的自行车。
Imlookingformywatch,butcantfindit.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。
Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.盼望你尽快找到丧失的戒指。
另外,find还有发觉;感到等意思。例如:
Ifoundawalletinthedesk.我在课桌里发觉了一个钱包。
Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我觉得这本书很有意思。
12.infrontof/inthefrontof
Infrontof表示在某物的前面,不在某物的范围内。Inthefrontof表示在某物的前部,在某物的范围内。试比拟:
MyseatisinfrontofMarys.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。
Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。
III.【考点扫描】
1.begoingto的用法;
2.形容词的比拟级、最高级;
3.形容词和副词的比拟
4.一般过去时
5.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
6.本单元学过的日常交际用语。
【中考范例】
1.(2023年烟台市中考试题)
Intheexam,the________youare,the________mistakesyoullmake.
A.carefully,littleB.morecarefully,fewest
C.morecareful,fewerD.morecareful,less
【解析】答案:C。该题考察的是形容词和副词的比拟以及他们的比拟等级的用法。第一个空应填形容词careful的比拟级,由于它在句中作表语,其次个空应填few的比拟级,由于它修饰的是复数可数名词。
2.(2023年河北省中考试题)
Bobneverdoeshishomework_________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.
A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyD.ascarefulas
【解析】答案:B。该题考察的是形容词和副词的用法比拟。该空应填副词,由于它修饰的是动词does。该题用的是notas+副词+as的构造,所以答案应是B。
3.(2023年重庆市中考试题)
ThatdayIsawsomeparents_________atthebackoftheclassroom,________totheteacher.
A.sitting,listenedB.sat,listened
C.sitting,listeningD.sat,listening
【解析】答案:C。该题考察的是seesb.doingsth.的句型构造和分词作状语的用法。第一个空stting在句中作saw的宾语补足语,其次个空listening做伴随状语。
4.(2023年杭州市中考试题)
You________openthedoorbeforethetraingetsintothestation.
A.donthavetoB.mustntC.needntD.maynot
【解析】答案:B。该题考察的是几个情态动词否认式的用法区分。donthaveto和neednt的意思都是不必,maynot的意思是可以不,只有mustnt表示不许,制止。
【总分值演练】
一.单项填空
1.Welcomeback________school.
A.inB.atC.toD.on
2.MissGaoisournewChineseteacher________.
A.inthistermB.thisterm
C.onthistermD.thatterm
3.---ImsorryImlate.
---_____________.
A.OKB.Itdoesntmatter
C.AllrightD.Thankyou
4.LiMuandJillaretalking_________wheretheyaregoing.
A.aboutB.toC.withD.for
5.Thereisvery______foodinthehouse.
A.afewB.littleC.alittleD.few
6.Youdbettertakearaincoat____you.
A.toB.withC.onD.for
7.ThechildrenaregoingtotheGreatWall______afieldtrip.
A.toB.withC.onD.for
8.Im______hungry.MayIhaveamooncake?
A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few
9.Imstillhungry.Idlike_________one.
A.otherB.anotherC.anotherD.theother
10.Themoonlooks____thanthesun,butinfactthesunis______thanthemoon.
A.big;bigB.bigger;bigger
C.small;smallD.smaller;smaller
11.Icanseethem_____footballontheplayground.
A.playB.playingC.toplayD.areplaying
12.JiWeiruns_________thanI.
A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest
13.Ithinksteamedbreadis____________hamburger.
A.moredeliciousthanB.mostdeliciousthan
C.moredelicioustoD.mostdeliciousto
14.---Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?
----__________.Imfree.
A.TodomyhomeworkB.Tocleanmyhouse
C.TodosomeshoppingD.Nothingmuch
15.---MayIspeaktoJack?
---____________.Whosthat?
A.ImJackB.ThatisJack
C.ThisisJackspeakingD.ImJackspeaking
16.----Whynot_________andseetheplay?
---Goodidea.
A.goB.goingC.togoD.goes
17.Itscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoor_________.
A.closeB.closingC.closesD.closed
18.Myhomeisabouttwohundredmetres_____ourschool.
A.fromB.farfromC.awayD.to
19.Therearesomeappletrees________herhouse.
A.inthefrontofB.atthebackof
C.inthemiddleofD.atthefrontof
20.Whichfloordoyou________?
A.liveB.liveonC.liveatD.livein
IV.二.完形填空
TheXingqingPalacePark(兴庆宫公园)is__1___parkinXian.__2__SaturdaysorSundays,childrenlike___3___there__4___theirparents.Theretheycanplaygames.Thereisalakeandahillinthepark.TodayisSunday.Manychildrenareplayinginthepark.Look!Somechildren__5___onthelake.Theyaregood__6___it.Istheboat___7___achicken?No.Itlookslikeaduck.Someboysareplaying__8___footballonthegrass(草地)。Afewboys__9___thehilloverthere.Allthechildrenarehavingagoodtime.Theythinkplayingintheparkis___10___thanhavingclassesatschool.
1.A.biggerB.thebiggestC.smallerD.thesmaller
2.A.InB.OnC.AtD.With
3.A.walkingB.goingC.runningD.flying
4.A.withB.forC.onD.in
5.A.isswimmingB.isboatingC.arerunningD.areboating
6.A.InB.withC.fromD.at
7.A.lookB.likesC.looksD.like
8.A.aB./C.anD.the
9.A.arerunningB.arewalkingC.areclimbingD.arejumping
10.A.littlebetterB.muchbetterC.manybetterD.thebest
三.阅读理解
(A)
MarkTwainistravelingtoDijonbytrain.Hewantstosleepverymuch,soheaskstheconductor(效劳员)towakehimupwhenthetraingetstoDijon.Thehegoestosleep.Later,whenwakesup,itisearlythenextmorningandthetrainhasgottoParis.HeknowsatoncethattheconductordoesntwakehimupatDijon.Heisveryangry.Herunsuptotheconductorandsays,WhydidntyouwakemeupandputmeoffthetrainatDijon?Iamveryangryaboutit!
Theconductorsmilesandlooksathim,AnotherAmericanismoreangrythanyou.Butyoucantseehimnow.IputhimoffthetrainatDijonlastnight.
依据短文内容,推断以下各句的正误:正确的答A,错误的答B。
1.MarktwainaskstheconductortowakehimupinParis.
2.ThetraingottoDijonatnight.
3.MarkTwainwasveryangrywiththeconductor.
4.Theconductormadeamistake(错误).HeputanotherAmericanoffthetrainatDijon.
5.MarkTwaincantseethatAmericanbecausetheAmericandoesntlikehim.
(B)
TheworsttouristintheworldisNicholasScottiofSanFrancisco.OnceheflewfromtheUStohishometowninItalytoseesomeoneathome.Theplanemadeaone-hourstoptogetoilatKennedyAirportofNewYork.Ashethoughthehadarrivedhome,MrScottigotofftheplane.HethoughthewasinRome.
Whennobodywastheretomeethim,MrScottithoughtmaybetheywereheldupbyheavytraffic.Whilelookingfortheiraddresses,MrScottifoundthattheoldRomehadchangedalot.Manyoldbuildingswerereplacedbyhighmodernones.
HealsofoundthatmanypeoplespokeEnglishinsteadofItalianandthatmanystreetsignswerewritteninEnglish.
MrScottiknewverylittleEnglish,soheaskedapoliceman(inItalian)thewaytothebusstation.HehappenedtomeetapolicemanwhowasalsoborninItalyandansweredhiminthesamelanguage.
Aftertwelvehourstravelingroundonabus,thedriverhandedhimovertoasecondpoliceman.HeaskedthepolicemanwhytheRomepoliceemployedsomanypeopleaspolicemenspeakingEnglishofItalian.
TogethimonaplanebacktoSanFrancisco,Hewassenttotheairportinapolicecarwithsirens(警报)on.Look,saidScottitohisinterpreter,IknowIminItaly.Thatshowtheydrive.
1.WhenMrScottiarrivedattheairport,nobodymethimbecause____________.
A.hewasinNewYork
B.hewasinRome
C.policemencouldhelphim
D.hewasinanItaliancity
2.Inwhatdirection(方向)didtheplaneflywhenMrScottiwenttoItalyfromtheUS?
A.Totheeast.
B.Tothesouth.
C.Tothewest
D.Tothenorth.
3.WhywasMrScottisosurethathewasinRome?
A.Becausehetraveledalot.
B.BecauseheknewlittleabouttheUS.
C.BecauseheknewlittleaboutItaly.
D.Becausehedidnttravelmuch.
4.AtlastMrScotti_________.
A.knewhedidsomethingwrong
B.stillthoughthewas
C.knewhewaswrong
D.knewhewashome
5.DoyouthinkmanypeopledothesamethingasMrScottidid?
A.NobodybutMrScottimadethiskindofmistake.
B.Manypeoplemakethiskindofmistake.
C.Fewpeoplemakethiskindofmistake.
D.50%ofpeoplewillmakethesamemistake.
(C)
MywifeandIstayedinLondonforafewweekslastyear.Wewentthereintheautumn.WethinkitisthebestseasontovisitEngland.TheweatherisusuallyquitegoodandtherearenottoomanyvisitorsinOctober.
WestayedinasmallrestaurantintheWestEnd.Wedidmostofoursightseeingonfoot.Wewenttolookatalltheplaces.Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney.Welikedgoingtothetheatre.Wedonthavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays(戏剧)athome.AlotofpeoplesayEnglishfoodisverybad.Wedidntthinkso.MostoftherestaurantsareFrenchorChinese,butwehadsomeverygoodmeals.
Weenjoyedourholidayverymuch.Wewanttogothereagainthisyear.Wearegoingtotakeourumbrellas.Imsurewellneedthemsometimes.
1.Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoneymeans_________.
A.theydidntenjoyshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney
B.priceswerehighinEngland
C.thereweresomanygoodthingsintheshopsandtheyboughtalot
D.theylikedtogoshoppingwithlotsofmoney
2.Theydidnthavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays_________.
A.intheirsmallrestaurantB.intheirhometown
C.inFranceD.inEngland
3.Youcanget_______inarestaurant.
A.mealsB.clothesC.booksD.cakes
4.Imsurewellneedumbrellassometimesbecause__________.
A.umbrellascanbeverygoodpresentsfortheirfriendsinLondon
B.itoftenrainsinLondon
C.theEnglishpeopleliketobringumbrellaswiththem
D.theEnglishpeopleprotect(爱护)themselveswithumbrella
5.Thetwovisitorscamefrom________.
A.EnglandB.France
C.AmericaD.acountrywedontknow
四.依据所给汉语完成以下英语句子
1.YesterdayafternoonMissLicamehere_________(向你赔礼).
2.Idideverything___________(他要求我做的).
3.Wesawtheoldscientist____________(在花园里漫步)justnow.
4.Mygrandpahas___________(好记忆).Hecanremembermanythings.
5.Doyouknowwho_______(创造了机器人)?
6.Ifind____________(记住这些单词很难).
7.Ienjoy____________(吃大肉).
8.Dontstand___________(始终).Pleasegivemeahand.
9.WangZheng__________(出身在)aworkersfamily.
10.________________(祝你们好运),alltheboys.
V.【练习答案】
一.1.B2.A3.B4.A5.C6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C
二.I.1.D2.D3.A4.C5.A6.C7.D8.D9.D10.C
三.1.B2.C3.A4.B5.D6.B7.B8.C9.C10.C
四.(A)1.A2.B3.B4.A5.B
(B)1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A
(C)1.D2.C3.A4.B5.A
五.1.willstoplateron2.because,toocold3.in,northwest4.Whatdelicious
5.stayabovezero
六.1.Howhot2.It,in3.attimes4.willsnowheavily5.Howabout
八年级英语学问点总结及练习有答案(二)
I.重点短语
1.giveaconcert
2.falldown
3.goon
4.attheendof
5.goback
6.inahurry
7.writedown
8.comeout
9.alltheyearround
10.lateron
11.attimes
12.ringsb.up
13.HappyNewYear!
14.haveaparty
15.holdon
16.hearfrom
17.beready
18.atthemoment
19.takeout
20.thesameas
21.turnover
22.get-together
23.puton
24.takeaseat
25.waitfor
26.getlost
27.justthen
28.firstofall
29.gowrong
30.makeanoise
31.geton
32.getoff
33.standinline
34.attheheadof
35.laughat
36.throwabout
37.infact
38.atmidnight
39.enjoyoneself
40.haveaheadache
41.haveacough
42.fallasleep
43.againandagain
44.lookover
45.takeexercise
II.重要句型
1.begoodforsth.
2.Ithink…
3.Ihope…
4.Ilove…
5.Idontlike…
6.Imsure…
7.forgettodosth.
8.takeamessageforsb.
9.givesb.themessage
10.helpyourselftosth.
11.befamousforsth.
12.ononeswayto…
13.makeoneswayto…
14.quarrelwithsb.
15.agreewithsb.
16.stopsb.fromdoingsth.
III.交际用语
1.Whatstheweatherliketoday?
2.Itscold,butquitesuuny.
3.Howcolditistoday!
4.Yes,butitllbewarmerlateron.
5.Shallwemakeasnowman?
6.Ok.Comeon!
7.HappyNewYear!
8.MayIspeaktoAnn,please??
9.Holdon,please.
10.Thanksalotforinvitingmetoyourparty.
11.Ok.ButImafraidImaybealittlelate.
12.CanItakeamessageforyou?
13.ThatsOK.Itdoesntmatter.
14.Imverysorry,butIcantcome.
15.Imsorrytohearthat.
16.Happybirthday!
17.Wouldyoulike...?Wouldyouliketo...?
18.Doyouthink...?Yes,Ithinkso./No,Idontthinkso.
19.Doyouagree?Yes,Iagree./No,dontreallyagree.Ireallycantagree.
20.Thereareafew/alotof.../onit.
21.Sodowe.
22.Imhappyyoulikeit.
23.Whichisthewayto...,please?
24.Turnright/leftatthe...crossing.
25.Goonuntilyoureach...
26.HowcanIgetto...?Godown/up/alongthisroad.
27.Whatsthematter?
28.Itlltakeyouhalfanhourto...
29.Wedbettercatchabus.
30.Itmaybein...Ah,soitis
31.Youmustbemorecareful!
32.Youmustntcrosstheroadnow.
33.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.
34.Pleasestandinline.
35.Youmustwaitforyourturn.
36.Ifyoudontgosoon,youllbelate.
37.Idontfeelverywell.
38.Myheadhurts.
39.Youmustnteatanythinguntilyouseethedoctor.
40.Whatsthetrouble?
41.Whatsthematterwith…?
42.Shedidntfeellikeeatinganything.
43.Nothingserious.
44.Have/getapainin…
45.Noproblem.
46.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.
IV.重要语法
1.一般过去时;
2.反意疑问句的用法;
3.一般将来时;
4.感慨句;
5.简洁句的五种根本句型;
6.情态动词can,may和must,haveto的用法;
7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句。
II.【名师讲解】
1.above/over/on
这三个介词都表示在……之上,但含义不同。on指在某物的外表上,和某物接触;above指在某物的上方,不和某物接触,但也不肯定在某物的正上方;over指在某物的正上方,不和某物接触。试比拟:
Thereisabookonthedesk.课桌上有一本书。
Iraisemyrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高举过头。
Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.河面上有座石桥。
2.forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.
forgettodosth.意思是遗忘做某事,实际上还没做;forgetdoingsth,意思是遗忘做过某事,实际上已经做过了。试比拟:
Iforgottotellhimthenews.我遗忘告知他这条消息了。
Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已经把这条消息告知他了,我却忘了。
类似的词还有:remember,regret等。
3.hope/wish
hope和wish在汉语中都有盼望的意思,但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区分如下:
(1)wish可以用来表示不行实现的愿望;hope只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如:
IwishIwere20yearsyounger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。
Ihopeyoullbebettersoon.我盼望你能很快好起来。
Iwishtheweatherwasntsocold.但愿天气不这麽冷。
Ihopehewillcome,too.我盼望他也能来。
(2)wish可以接sb.todosth.的构造,而hope不行以。例如:
Doyouwishmetocomebacklater?你是否盼望我再来?
4.besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.
(1)besuretodosth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求,意思是务必,也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断,意思是肯定,确定。例如:
Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你离开时务必把门锁好。
Itsagoodfilm.Youaresuretoenjoyit.这是一部好电影,你确定会喜爱的。
(2)besureof/aboutsb.orsth.可用来表示某人对某事有把握。例如:
Imsureofhissuccess.我信任他会胜利。
Ithinkitwasthreeyearsago,butImnotsureaboutit.我想那是三年前的事情,但我没有把握。
5.hearfrom/hearof
hear意思是听到,从哪里听到要用from来表示。例如:
IveheardfromXiaoWuthatwellstartoutmilitarytrainingtomorrow.
我听小吴说,我们明天开头军训。
ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanMei.
听录音,并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。
hearfrom还有一个意思是收到某人的来信(=receivealetterfromsb.)。例如:
IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.
上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。
Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的来信。
hearof和和hearfrom含义不同。hearof意思是听说,得知(某事或某人的存在),常用在疑问句和否认句里。例如:
Whoishe?Iveneverheardofhim.他是谁?我从来没有听说过他。
Ineverheardofsuchathing!这样的事我从来没有听说过。
6.Itsapleasure./Withpleasure.
Itsapleasure这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语,意思是那是我愿意做的。例如:
---Thankyouforhelpingme.感谢你地帮忙。
---Itsapleasure.那是我愿意做的。
---Thanksalot.Bye.特别感谢。
再见。
---Itsapleasure.那是我愿意做的。再见。
类似的话还有Notatall.Youarewelcome.Thatsallright.
Withpleasure也用作客气的答语,主要用在别人要你做某事,而你又特别情愿去做的场合。例如:
---Willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?
请你把报纸递给我好吗?
---Withpleasure.
固然可以。
7.seem/look
(1)二者都可以作看起来讲,但seem示意凭借一些迹象作出的有依据的推断,这种推断往往接近事实;look着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟(tobe)+形容词和asif从句。如:
Heseems/looks(tobe)veryhappytoday.他今日看起来很快乐。
Itlooks(seems)asifititisgoingtorain.似乎要下雨了。
(2)但以下状况中只用seem不用look:
1)后跟不定式todo时。如:
Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他好像知道答案。
2)在Itseemsthat...构造中。如:
Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天快乐些了。
8.bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyfor
(1)bereadytodo和bereadyfor…表示已作好…的预备,强调状态
(2)getreadytodo和getreadyfor…表示为…做预备,强调行为。如:
Imreadytodoanythingyouwantmetodo.我情愿/随时预备做一切做你要我做的事。
Imreadyforanyquestionsyoumayask.我情愿/随时预备答复你可能问的问题。
HesgettingreadytoleaveforTokyo.他正预备动身去东京。
Letsgetreadyforthehardmoment.我们为这一困难时刻作好预备吧。
(3)bereadytodo通常可理解乐于做某事,即思想上总是有做某事的预备。benotreadytodo表示
不轻易做某事。如:
Hesusuallynotreadytolistentoothers.他通常不轻易听从别人。
9.attable/atthetable
attable在吃饭,atthetable在桌子旁边。例如:
TheGreensareattable.格林一家人在吃饭。
Mr.Blackissittingatthetableandreadingabook.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。
10.reach,arrive/getto
三者都有到达之意。reach是及物动词,后直接加名词,get和arrive是不及物动词,不能直接加名词,须借助于介词。getto后加名词地点,若跟副词地点时,to去掉;arriveat+小地方,arrivein+大地方。如:
Lucygottothezoobefore8oclock.露西8点前到了动物园。
WhendidyourparentsarriveinShanghai?你父母何时到上海的?
ItwaslatewhenIgothome.我到家时天色已晚。
11.sick/ill
二者都是形容词。当生病的,患病之意时,ill只作表语,不作定语;而sick既可作表语也可作定语。sick有呕吐,恶心的意思,只能作表语,而ill无此意。如:
LiLeiwasilllastweek.(只作表语)李磊上周生病了。
Hesasickman.(作定语)他是病人。不能说成:Hesanillman.
Mygrandfatherwassickforamonthlastyear.(作表语)我祖父去年病了一个
月。
12.intime/ontime
intime是准时的意思,ontime是准时,按时。如:
Ididntgettothebusstopintime.我没有准时赶上汽车。
Wellfinishourjobontime.我们要按时完成任务。
13.maybe/maybe
Itmaybeinyourinsidepocket.=Maybeitisinyourinsidepocket.或许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中maybe是情态动词+be动词构成的谓语局部,意思是或许是,可能是;其次句中的maybe是副词,意思是可能,常位于句首,不能位于句中,相当于另一副词perhaps。再如:
Maybeyouputitinthatbag.或许你放在了那只包里。(不能说Youmaybeputit
inthatbag.)
Itmaybeahat.那可能是顶帽子。(不能说Itmaybeahat.或Itmaybeisahat.)
14.noise/voice/sound
noise指嘈杂声,噪音大的吵杂声。voice是指说话的声音,嗓音,嗓子。sound是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最一般的字。有时还用作科学上的声音。例如:
Dontmakesomuchnoise!别那么大声喧哗!
IdidntrecognizeJohnsvoiceonthetelephone.在电话里我听不出约翰的声
音。
Hespokeinalowvoice.他低声说话。
Weheardastrangesound.我们听到了一种惊奇的声音。
Soundtravelsfast,butlighttravelsfaster.声音传得快,但是光传得更快。
III.【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1.一般过去时;
2.反意疑问句的用法;
3.一般将来时;
4.感慨句;
5.简洁句的五种根本句型;
6.情态动词can,may和must,haveto的用法;
7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句;
8.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
9.本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1.(2023年长沙市中考试题)
---Doyouknowifwewillgotothecinematomorrow?
---Ithinkwellgoifwe________toomuchhomework.
A.willhaveB.hadC.wonthaveD.donthave
【解析】答案:D。该题考察的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。
2.(2023年佛山市中考试题)
YouhavebeentoTibet,_________?Iwastoldthatthesnow-coveredmountainswereverybeautiful.
A.haveyouB.haventyouC.dontyou
【解析】答案:B。该题考察的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的前一局部是确定句,后一局部就应当是否认的疑问局部,而且要和前一局部保持时态上的全都。
3.(2023年扬州市中考试题)
---Jacky,lookatthatJapanesesumoist(相扑手).
---Wow,______________!
A.HowafatmanB.Whatafatman
C.HowfatmanD.Whatfatman
【解析】答案:B。该题考察的是感慨句的构成。这个感慨句省略了主谓局部,只保存了感慨局部。假如以What开头,就应当是Whatafatman!假如是How开头,就应当是Howfat!
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