人工智能专业词汇

LetterAAccumulatederrorbackpropagation 累积误差逆传播ActivationFunction 激活函数AdaptiveResonanceTheory/ART 自适应谐振理论Addictivemodel 加性学习AdversarialNetworks 对抗网络AffineLayer 仿射层Affinitymatrix 亲和矩阵Agent 代理/智能体Algorithm 算法Alpha-betapruning α-β剪枝Anomalydetection 异常检测Approximation 近似AreaUnderROCCurve／AUC Roc曲线下面积ArtificialGeneralIntelligence/AGI 通用人工智能ArtificialIntelligence/AI 人工智能Associationanalysis 关联分析Attentionmechanism 注意力机制Attributeconditionalindependenceassumption 属性条件独立性假设Attributespace 属性空间Attributevalue 属性值Autoencoder 自编码器Automaticspeechrecognition 自动语音识别Automaticsummarization 自动摘要Averagegradient 平均梯度Average-Pooling 平均池化LetterBBackpropagationThroughTime 通过时间旳反向传播Backpropagation/BP 反向传播Baselearner 基学习器Baselearningalgorithm 基学习算法BatchNormalization/BN 批量归一化Bayesdecisionrule 贝叶斯鉴定准则BayesModelAveraging／BMA 贝叶斯模型平均Bayesoptimalclassifier 贝叶斯最优分类器Bayesiandecisiontheory 贝叶斯决策论Bayesiannetwork 贝叶斯网络Between-classscattermatrix 类间散度矩阵Bias 偏置/偏差Bias-variancedecomposition 偏差-方差分解Bias-VarianceDilemma 偏差–方差困境Bi-directionalLong-ShortTermMemory/Bi-LSTM 双向长短期记忆Binaryclassification 二分类Binomialtest 二项检查Bi-partition 二分法Boltzmannmachine 玻尔兹曼机Bootstrapsampling 自助采样法／可反复采样／有放回采样Bootstrapping 自助法Break-EventPoint／BEP 平衡点LetterCCalibration 校准Cascade-Correlation 级联有关Categoricalattribute 离散属性Class-conditionalprobability 类条件概率Classificationandregressiontree/CART 分类与回归树Classifier 分类器Class-imbalance 类别不平衡Closed-form 闭式Cluster 簇/类/集群Clusteranalysis 聚类分析Clustering 聚类Clusteringensemble 聚类集成Co-adapting 共适应Codingmatrix 编码矩阵COLT 国际学习理论会议Committee-basedlearning 基于委员会旳学习Competitivelearning 竞争型学习Componentlearner 组件学习器Comprehensibility 可解释性ComputationCost 计算成本ComputationalLinguistics 计算语言学Computervision 计算机视觉Conceptdrift 概念漂移ConceptLearningSystem/CLS 概念学习系统Conditionalentropy 条件熵Conditionalmutualinformation 条件互信息ConditionalProbabilityTable／CPT 条件概率表Conditionalrandomfield/CRF 条件随机场Conditionalrisk 条件风险Confidence 置信度Confusionmatrix 混淆矩阵Connectionweight 连接权Connectionism 连结主义Consistency 一致性／相合性Contingencytable 列联表Continuousattribute 持续属性Convergence 收敛Conversationalagent 会话智能体Convexquadraticprogramming 凸二次规划Convexity 凸性Convolutionalneuralnetwork/CNN 卷积神经网络Co-occurrence 同现Correlationcoefficient 有关系数Cosinesimilarity 余弦相似度Costcurve 成本曲线CostFunction 成本函数Costmatrix 成本矩阵Cost-sensitive 成本敏感Crossentropy 交叉熵Crossvalidation 交叉验证Crowdsourcing 众包Curseofdimensionality 维数劫难Cutpoint 截断点Cuttingplanealgorithm 割平面法LetterDDatamining 数据挖掘Dataset 数据集DecisionBoundary 决策边界Decisionstump 决策树桩Decisiontree 决策树／鉴定树Deduction 演绎DeepBeliefNetwork 深度信念网络DeepConvolutionalGenerativeAdversarialNetwork/DCGAN 深度卷积生成对抗网络Deeplearning 深度学习Deepneuralnetwork/DNN 深度神经网络DeepQ-Learning 深度Q学习DeepQ-Network 深度Q网络Densityestimation 密度估计Density-basedclustering 密度聚类Differentiableneuralcomputer 可微分神经计算机Dimensionalityreductionalgorithm 降维算法Directededge 有向边Disagreementmeasure 不合度量Discriminativemodel 鉴别模型Discriminator 鉴别器Distancemeasure 距离度量Distancemetriclearning 距离度量学习Distribution 分布Divergence 散度Diversitymeasure 多样性度量／差异性度量Domainadaption 领域自适应Downsampling 下采样D-separation（Directedseparation） 有向分离Dualproblem 对偶问题Dummynode 哑结点DynamicFusion 动态融合Dynamicprogramming 动态规划LetterEEigenvaluedecomposition 特性值分解Embedding 嵌入Emotionalanalysis 情绪分析Empiricalconditionalentropy 经验条件熵Empiricalentropy 经验熵Empiricalerror 经验误差Empiricalrisk 经验风险End-to-End 端到端Energy-basedmodel 基于能量旳模型Ensemblelearning 集成学习Ensemblepruning 集成修剪ErrorCorrectingOutputCodes／ECOC 纠错输出码Errorrate 错误率Error-ambiguitydecomposition 误差-分歧分解Euclideandistance 欧氏距离Evolutionarycomputation 演化计算Expectation-Maximization 期望最大化Expectedloss 期望损失ExplodingGradientProblem 梯度爆炸问题Exponentiallossfunction 指数损失函数ExtremeLearningMachine/ELM 超限学习机LetterFFactorization 因子分解Falsenegative 假负类Falsepositive 假正类FalsePositiveRate/FPR 假正例率Featureengineering 特性工程Featureselection 特性选择Featurevector 特性向量FeaturedLearning 特性学习FeedforwardNeuralNetworks/FNN 前馈神经网络Fine-tuning 微调Flippingoutput 翻转法Fluctuation 震荡Forwardstagewisealgorithm 前向分步算法Frequentist 频率主义学派Full-rankmatrix 满秩矩阵Functionalneuron 功能神经元LetterGGainratio 增益率Gametheory 博弈论Gaussiankernelfunction 高斯核函数GaussianMixtureModel 高斯混合模型GeneralProblemSolving 通用问题求解Generalization 泛化Generalizationerror 泛化误差Generalizationerrorbound 泛化误差上界GeneralizedLagrangefunction 广义拉格朗日函数Generalizedlinearmodel 广义线性模型GeneralizedRayleighquotient 广义瑞利商GenerativeAdversarialNetworks/GAN 生成对抗网络GenerativeModel 生成模型Generator 生成器GeneticAlgorithm/GA 遗传算法Gibbssampling 吉布斯采样Giniindex 基尼指数Globalminimum 全局最小GlobalOptimization 全局优化Gradientboosting 梯度提高GradientDescent 梯度下降Graphtheory 图论Ground-truth 真相／真实LetterHHardmargin 硬间隔Hardvoting 硬投票Harmonicmean 调和平均Hessematrix 海塞矩阵Hiddendynamicmodel 隐动态模型Hiddenlayer 隐藏层HiddenMarkovModel/HMM 隐马尔可夫模型Hierarchicalclustering 层次聚类Hilbertspace 希尔伯特空间Hingelossfunction 合页损失函数Hold-out 留出法Homogeneous 同质Hybridcomputing 混合计算Hyperparameter 超参数Hypothesis 假设Hypothesistest 假设验证LetterIICML 国际机器学习会议Improvediterativescaling/IIS 改善旳迭代尺度法Incrementallearning 增量学习Independentandidenticallydistributed/i.i.d. 独立同分布IndependentComponentAnalysis/ICA 独立成分分析Indicatorfunction 指示函数Individuallearner 个体学习器Induction 归纳Inductivebias 归纳偏好Inductivelearning 归纳学习InductiveLogicProgramming／ILP 归纳逻辑程序设计Informationentropy 信息熵Informationgain 信息增益Inputlayer 输入层Insensitiveloss 不敏感损失Inter-clustersimilarity 簇间相似度InternationalConferenceforMachineLearning/ICML 国际机器学习大会Intra-clustersimilarity 簇内相似度Intrinsicvalue 固有值IsometricMapping/Isomap 等度量映射Isotonicregression 等分回归IterativeDichotomiser 迭代二分器LetterKKernelmethod 核措施Kerneltrick 核技巧KernelizedLinearDiscriminantAnalysis／KLDA 核线性鉴别分析K-foldcrossvalidation k折交叉验证／k倍交叉验证K-MeansClustering K–均值聚类K-NearestNeighboursAlgorithm/KNN K近邻算法Knowledgebase 知识库KnowledgeRepresentation 知识表征LetterLLabelspace 标识空间Lagrangeduality 拉格朗日对偶性Lagrangemultiplier 拉格朗日乘子Laplacesmoothing 拉普拉斯平滑Laplaciancorrection 拉普拉斯修正LatentDirichletAllocation 隐狄利克雷分布Latentsemanticanalysis 潜在语义分析Latentvariable 隐变量Lazylearning 懒惰学习Learner 学习器Learningbyanalogy 类比学习Learningrate 学习率LearningVectorQuantization/LVQ 学习向量量化Leastsquaresregressiontree 最小二乘回归树Leave-One-Out/LOO 留一法linearchainconditionalrandomfield 线性链条件随机场LinearDiscriminantAnalysis／LDA 线性鉴别分析Linearmodel 线性模型LinearRegression 线性回归Linkfunction 联络函数LocalMarkovproperty 局部马尔可夫性Localminimum 局部最小Loglikelihood 对数似然Logodds／logit 对数几率LogisticRegression Logistic回归Log-likelihood 对数似然Log-linearregression 对数线性回归Long-ShortTermMemory/LSTM 长短期记忆Lossfunction 损失函数LetterMMachinetranslation/MT 机器翻译Macron-P 宏查准率Macron-R 宏查全率Majorityvoting 绝对多数投票法Manifoldassumption 流形假设Manifoldlearning 流形学习Margintheory 间隔理论Marginaldistribution 边际分布Marginalindependence 边际独立性Marginalization 边际化MarkovChainMonteCarlo/MCMC 马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗措施MarkovRandomField 马尔可夫随机场Maximalclique 最大团MaximumLikelihoodEstimation/MLE 极大似然估计／极大似然法Maximummargin 最大间隔Maximumweightedspanningtree 最大带权生成树Max-Pooling 最大池化Meansquarederror 均方误差Meta-learner 元学习器Metriclearning 度量学习Micro-P 微查准率Micro-R 微查全率MinimalDescriptionLength/MDL 最小描述长度Minimaxgame 极小极大博弈Misclassificationcost 误分类成本Mixtureofexperts 混合专家Momentum 动量Moralgraph 道德图／端正图Multi-classclassification 多分类Multi-documentsummarization 多文档摘要Multi-layerfeedforwardneuralnetworks 多层前馈神经网络MultilayerPerceptron/MLP 多层感知器Multimodallearning 多模态学习MultipleDimensionalScaling 多维缩放Multiplelinearregression 多元线性回归Multi-responseLinearRegression／MLR 多响应线性回归Mutualinformation 互信息LetterNNaivebayes 朴素贝叶斯NaiveBayesClassifier 朴素贝叶斯分类器Namedentityrecognition 命名实体识别Nashequilibrium 纳什均衡Naturallanguagegeneration/NLG 自然语言生成Naturallanguageprocessing 自然语言处理Negativeclass 负类Negativecorrelation 负有关法NegativeLogLikelihood 负对数似然NeighbourhoodComponentAnalysis/NCA 近邻成分分析NeuralMachineTranslation 神经机器翻译NeuralTuringMachine 神经图灵机Newtonmethod 牛顿法NIPS 国际神经信息处理系统会议NoFreeLunchTheorem／NFL 没有免费旳午餐定理Noise-contrastiveestimation 噪音对比估计Nominalattribute 列名属性Non-convexoptimization 非凸优化Nonlinearmodel 非线性模型Non-metricdistance 非度量距离Non-negativematrixfactorization 非负矩阵分解Non-ordinalattribute 无序属性Non-SaturatingGame 非饱和博弈Norm 范数Normalization 归一化Nuclearnorm 核范数Numericalattribute 数值属性LetterOObjectivefunction 目旳函数Obliquedecisiontree 斜决策树Occam’srazor 奥卡姆剃刀Odds 几率Off-Policy 离方略Oneshotlearning 一次性学习One-DependentEstimator／ODE 独依赖估计On-Policy 在方略Ordinalattribute 有序属性Out-of-bagestimate 包外估计Outputlayer 输出层Outputsmearing 输出调制法Overfitting 过拟合／过配Oversampling 过采样LetterPPairedt-test 成对t检查Pairwise 成对型PairwiseMarkovproperty 成对马尔可夫性Parameter 参数Parameterestimation 参数估计Parametertuning 调参Parsetree 解析树ParticleSwarmOptimization/PSO 粒子群优化算法Part-of-speechtagging 词性标注Perceptron 感知机Performancemeasure 性能度量PlugandPlayGenerativeNetwork 即插即用生成网络Pluralityvoting 相对多数投票法Polaritydetection 极性检测Polynomialkernelfunction 多项式核函数Pooling 池化Positiveclass 正类Positivedefinitematrix 正定矩阵Post-hoctest 后续检查Post-pruning 后剪枝potentialfunction 势函数Precision 查准率／精确率Prepruning 预剪枝Principalcomponentanalysis/PCA 主成分分析Principleofmultipleexplanations 多释原则Prior 先验ProbabilityGraphicalModel 概率图模型ProximalGradientDescent/PGD 近端梯度下降Pruning 剪枝Pseudo-label 伪标识LetterQQuantizedNeuralNetwork 量子化神经网络Quantumcomputer 量子计算机QuantumComputing 量子计算QuasiNewtonmethod 拟牛顿法LetterRRadialBasisFunction／RBF 径向基函数RandomForestAlgorithm 随机森林算法Randomwalk 随机漫步Recall 查全率／召回率ReceiverOperatingCharacteristic/ROC 受试者工作特性RectifiedLinearUnit/ReLU 线性修正单元RecurrentNeuralNetwork 循环神经网络Recursiveneuralnetwork 递归神经网络Referencemodel 参照模型Regression 回归Regularization 正则化Reinforcementlearning/RL 强化学习Representationlearning 表征学习Representertheorem 表达定理reproducingkernelHilbertspace/RKHS 再生核希尔伯特空间Re-sampling 重采样法Rescaling 再缩放ResidualMapping 残差映射ResidualNetwork 残差网络RestrictedBoltzmannMachine/RBM 受限玻尔兹曼机RestrictedIsometryProperty/RIP 限定等距性Re-weighting 重赋权法Robustness 稳健性/鲁棒性Rootnode 根结点RuleEngine 规则引擎Rulelearning 规则学习LetterSSaddlepoint 鞍点Samplespace 样本空间Sampling 采样Scorefunction 评分函数Self-Driving 自动驾驶Self-OrganizingMap／SOM 自组织映射Semi-naiveBayesclassifiers 半朴素贝叶斯分类器Semi-SupervisedLearning 半监督学习semi-SupervisedSupportVectorMachine 半监督支持向量机Sentimentanalysis 情感分析Separatinghyperplane 分离超平面Sigmoidfunction Sigmoid函数Similaritymeasure 相似度度量Simulatedannealing 模拟退火Simultaneouslocalizationandmapping 同步定位与地图构建SingularValueDecomposition 奇异值分解Slackvariables 松弛变量Smoothing 平滑Softmargin 软间隔Softmarginmaximization 软间隔最大化Softvoting 软投票Sparserepresentation 稀疏表征Sparsity 稀疏性Specialization 特化SpectralClustering 谱聚类SpeechRecognition 语音识别Splittingvariable 切分变量Squashingfunction 挤压函数Stability-plasticitydilemma 可塑性-稳定性困境Statisticallearning 记录学习Statusfeaturefunction 状态特性函Stochasticgradientdescent 随机梯度下降Stratifiedsampling 分层采样Structuralrisk 构造风险Structuralriskminimization/SRM 构造风险最小化Subspace 子空间Supervisedlearning 监督学习／有导师学习supportvectorexpansion 支持向量展式SupportVectorMachine/SVM 支持向量机Surrogatloss