混凝土各设备案例课件 常见故障及车载泵

车载式混凝土泵车使用说明书全国服务监督专线（GlobalCustomersServiceCenterTelephone）：800-878-61127-PAGE1CHAPTER7车载泵及输送管路设置TRUCK-MOUNTEDCONCRETELINEPUMPERECTIONANDPIPELINELAYING车载泵的设置TRUCK-MOUNTEDCONCRETELINEPUMPERECTION输送管路布置PIPELINELAYING输送管配管换算THELENGTHCONVERSIONOFPIPELINE

一、车载泵的设置Truck-mountedconcretelinepumperection1、车载泵的设置，应远离斜坡、堤坝、凹坑、壕沟。应考虑搅拌运输车或现场搅拌上料方便，并尽可能缩短管路布置线路。Truck-mountedconcretelinepumpshouldbepositionedinsuchmannersthatkeepitawayfromslope,dam,pit,ditch,thehoppercanbefedconvenientlybytruckmixersandmixingconcreteinsitu,andchoosetheshortpipelinelaying.2、车载泵必须放置在坚固平整的地面上，最好浇注一块平整的混凝土基础。同时搭建简易工棚。Placethetruck-mountedconcretelinepumponthefirmandhorizontalground,aevenconcretefoundationisbetter,setupasimpleshelteratthesametime.3、当泵机到达设定位置，应用液压支腿油缸调整其高度，保证料斗门开关自如，清料方便。Whenthemachinearrivesatthescheduledlocation,Placepumponthescheduledground;adjustitsheightwithjacktillthesupportingwheelleavesgroundandthehopperdoorcanbeopenedandclosed;thenfixthesettledoutrigger；Ifthepumppositionkeepsimmobileforlongtime,youcandischargethetiresofthepump.fig.7-14、在车载泵设置的场地周围，应确保水源充分，使用安全。并架设应有的照明设备。Thereareenoughwaterresourceandilluminationequipmentaroundpumpingsite.5、泵机周围必须保证有1米的工作空间，以便操作和维修。Ensure1mworkingspacearoundtheconcretepumpforoperateandmaintain.6、由低压状态泵送转换为高压泵送状态时，必须重新固定泵机，使之牢固可靠。Whenswitchpumpingstatefromlowpressuretohighpressure,youmustfastenconcretepumpsecurelyagain.

二、输送管路布置Pipelinelaying泵出口管路布置形式Outletpipelinelayingfortruck-mountedconcretelinepump泵出口管路布置形式有三种，根据现场施工形式而定（见图）Accordingtoconstructionschemesinsitu,therearethreetypesofoutletpipelinelayingfortruck-mountedconcretelinepump:fig.7-2泵机出料口布管形式theOutletpipelinelayingeq\o\ac(○,1)直接联接：泵出口与锥管联接后，笔直往前设置。Straightconnection:connectthepumpoutletwiththeconicalpipe,thenlaypipelinestraightlyforward.eq\o\ac(○,2)U形联接：泵出口与锥管联接后，并接3米直管接两个90°弯管成180°水平弯管。Utypeconnection:Jointhepumpoutletandtheconicalpipe,thenconnecta3mstraightpipeandtwo90°elbows.eq\o\ac(○,3)L形联接：泵出口与锥管联接后，并接3米直管，接一个90°弯管。Ltypeconnection:Jointhepumpoutletandtheconicalpipe,thenjoinastraightpipe(3m)anda90°elbow.不同的联接方式各有其优缺点。直接联接，泵送阻力小，但泵送高度较大时，混凝土容易倒流，适合于水平或水平以下输送混凝土；U形联接，泵送阻力较大，但泵送高度较大时，混凝土不容易倒流，适合于大高度泵送；L形联接，泵送阻力介于上两者之间，但横向反作用力大，因此锥管处应有牢固的固定。Differentconnectiontypesshowdifferentadvantageanddisadvantage.ForStraightconnection,pumpingresistanceissmall,butwhenpumpingtohighstory,theconcretemayflowbackwardseasily,sothistypeissuitabletodeliveryconcretehorizontallyordownwards.ForUconnection,pumpingresistanceisbig,buttheconcretedoesn’tflowbackwardseasily,sothistypeissuitabletodeliveryconcretetohighstory.ForLconnection,pumpingresistanceisbetweenthetwotypesabove,buttransversecounterforceisbig,sotheconicalpipeshouldbefastenedfirmly.管路布置基本原则Thebasicprincipleforpipelinelayingeq\o\ac(○,1)混凝土输送管路绝不允许承受任何外界拉力；Deliverylinesshouldbelaidtoavoidanyexternaltensilestress.eq\o\ac(○,2)管路布置应按最短距离和最少弯头的原则来铺设；Deliverylinesshouldbelaidaccordingtotheprincipleofshortestdistanceandleastelbows.eq\o\ac(○,3)输送管路应布置在人员易接近处，以便清理和更换输送管路；Deliverylinesshouldbelaidinsuchmannerthatpersonnelcouldeasilyapproachinordertocleanandreplace.eq\o\ac(○,4)各管路必须保证联接牢固、稳定，弯管处加设牢固的固定点，以免泵送时管路产生摇晃、松脱；Deliverylinesmustbesecurelyfastened,andaddfixingpointatelbowsoastoavoidpipelineslooseorvibration.eq\o\ac(○,5)各管卡不应与地面或支撑物相接触，应留有一定的间隙，便于拆装，同时各管卡一定要紧到位，保证接头密封严密，不漏浆，不漏气；Couplingsshouldnottouchgroundandsupportingbracket,keepacertaingapinordertodismantlethemeasily.Fastencouplingsandtoguaranteethemsealedandnoleakage.eq\o\ac(○,6)水平管路铺设不应悬空，必须有牢固的支撑，输送管路工作时间很长时，管路必须有木撑衬垫；Horizontaldeliverylinesmustbelaidwithsupporting,ifworkingforalongtime;pipelinemustbesupportedbywoodpillow.fig.7-3eq\o\ac(○,7)泵机出口锥管处，不允许直接接弯管，至少应接入5米以上直管，再接弯管；Don’tconnectelbowdirectlyattheconicalpipeofmachineoutlet,atleast,youshouldjoina5mstraightpipe,thenotherelbow.eq\o\ac(○,8)离泵机3-5米处的输送管路要浇注一个体积为1-2m3的混凝土块来固定输送管，以吸收泵送混凝土流动时的反作用力，使泵机平稳和减少混凝土输送管路的振动；Aconcreteblock(1~2m3)whichis3~5mawayfromthemachineisneededtofixthepipelinesinordertoabsorbcounterforceduringoperationandreducevibration,enhancethestabilizationofthemachine.fig.7-4eq\o\ac(○,9)管路布置应满足先浇注最远处，然后依次后退避免泵送过程中接管，影响作业；Deliverylineslayingshouldmeetthefollowingrequirement,placingconcreteatthefarplacefirstlysoastoavoidpipesconnectionduringoperation.eq\o\ac(○,10)夏季，管路在强烈阳光照射下，由于混凝土过热，引起脱水，容易导致堵管，因此在管路上加盖湿草袋或其它防护品；冬季，气温在-5℃时，输送管道上应加盖草袋保温，保证混凝土入模温度；Insummer,pipelinesexposedtothesunlightwillcauseblockage,becauseoverheatedconcretewillresultinlosingwater.Solinesmustbecoveredwithwetbagsorsimilar.Inwinterwhentemperatureisupto-5℃eq\o\ac(○,11)与泵机出口锥管直接相连的输送管必须加以固定，以便每次泵送停止，清洗管路时拆装方便；Fixthedeliverylinethatisconnectedwiththeconicalpipeattheoutletofmachine,inordertoconvenientlydismantlepipesforcleaningafterstoppingoperation.eq\o\ac(○,12)泵机附近和人员要进入的危险地段的输送管路应加以必要的屏蔽防护物，以防因管路破裂或因管卡松脱造成人员伤亡。Deliverylinesclosetothemachineandinwhosehazardzonepersonshavetosetfootmustbescreenedwithboardstoavoiddamagecausedbypipelinesblowoutorcouplingsloose.垂直向上的管路布置Verticalrisingpipelinelayingfig.7-5.垂直向上的管路布置Verticalrisingpipelinelayingeq\o\ac(○,1)垂直向上的输送管路可沿电梯井、脚手架向上布置，也可以从楼面预留孔中穿过，这样便于管路拆装；Therisinglinescanbelaidalongelevatorwell,scaffoldorthroughprefabholeoffloorinordertodismantlepipelinesconveniently.eq\o\ac(○,2)垂直向上的输送管路必须用新管；高度较大时，底部应用厚壁管；最下面的弯管应为厚壁管，且易于拆缷。垂直管路不能使用弯管做支撑，每根管都应设1-2个支撑点支撑。直管及弯管需用夹子固定，即固定于墙上、脚手架上、塔机塔身或电梯井内，使管路及输送的混凝土料的重力由支撑点传到建筑物上；Usenewdeliverylineswhenlayingrisinglines;whenheightisbig,thethickwallpipesmustbeusedatthebottomandareeasytodismantle;Elbowsofverticalpipelinescan’tbeusedforthepurposeofsupporting,everylinesshouldbesupportedby1-2bolsters.Straightandbentpipesmustbefixedonwall,scaffold，towerorliftwellinordertoconducttheconcretegravityoflinesfrombolstersintothebuilding.eq\o\ac(○,3)垂直管路随着高度的增加，被输送的混凝土有回流的趋势，对S管产生冲击，为减弱这种冲击力，应在泵机和垂直管路间铺设一定长度的水平管路，以保证有足够的阻力阻止混凝土回流。水平管路的长度一般应不少于垂直管路长度的15%，高层泵送应在泵机水平管路上设置截止阀；Astheverticallinesrisetoagreatheight,thedeliveryconcretemayinclinetoflowbackwards,andgiveanimpacttoSvalve.Inordertoreducetheshock,acertainlengthofhorizontallinesshouldbelaidbetweenthemachineandverticallinestoresisttheconcreteflowingbackwards.Thelengthofhorizontallinesisnotlessthanthe15%lengthoftheverticallines,andtheshut-offvalveshouldbeinstalledatthehorizontallinesofmachineoutlet,ifdeliverytheconcreteathighlevel.eq\o\ac(○,4)在泵送距离高、输送量大的情况下可采用两组平行管路，以便一组出现堵管时能继续工作。Ifthepumpingdistanceisveryhighandthevolumeofconcreteoutputislarge,youcanlaytwogroupparallellines.Ifonegrouplineisblocked,anotherpipelinecancontinueworking.垂直向下的管路布置Verticallineslayingdownwards垂直向下输送混凝土，当落差大于6m时，为防止混凝土离析，应按图示布管；并且在泵送砂浆时，应在相隔20-30m的不同高度的管路中装入海绵球，以保证泵送顺利。Ifdeliveryconcretedownwards,whenthedropinheightexceeds6m,thepipelineshouldbelaidasfig.7-6toavoidconcreteisolation；whenpumpingmortar,pushthespo