高考总复习高重点词汇七

高考总复习：高一重点词汇七必修四Units1-3词汇知识讲解单词部分：behave【点拨】behavevt.&vi.举止；举动；行为表现behaveoneself守规矩behavewell/badly(towardssb.)(对……)态度/举止好/恶劣Behaveyourself!放规矩点！Thechildbehavedwell(badly)atschool.这孩子在校行为良好(不佳)。Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotrainchildrentobehavesocially．(2016高考江苏卷)其中之一是这些在年幼就在父母面前表现出来的本能开始培养孩子们的社会行为了。Recentresearchshowsthatwhilethere’spracticallynoevidencethatfacesrevealcharacter,nonethelessbehaveasifcertainfeaturessignalcertaintraits.(2016北京丰台高三一模卷)最近的研究表明，虽然没有实际的证据显示面容透露个性，我们还是表现得就像某些特征反映了某些个性。behaviorn．行为；表现beonone’sbestbehavior举止规矩Theirbehaviortowardsmeshowsthattheydon'tlikeme.他们对我的态度表明他们不喜欢我。well-behavedadj.表现好的badly-behavedadj.表现差的respect【点拨】respectvt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意have/showrespectforsb./sth.尊敬/敬重……respectsb./sth.forsth.因某事而尊敬某人/某事Instillanotheruse，personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect，particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.（2016高考新课标全国乙卷）在另外一种使用场合，亚洲文化中的人，尤其是长者或者有权威的人，可能把沉默看做是一种尊敬。Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.（2016高考新课标全国乙卷）他们对祖父母基本不尊敬。Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturaworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.（2016高考新课标全国丙卷）它开始于直视你的自己，带着对自然的敬意明白你是谁，明白你接近园艺的过程。Heishighlyrespectedbyeveryoneforhishonesty.他因诚实而深受大家的尊敬。Theyhaveagreatrespectforhisability.他们十分尊重他的才能。respectn.细节,方面inthisrespect在这方面inall/manyrespects在各个/许多方面inrespectof关于……；就……而言withrespectto至于；关于；就……而言Inthisrespect，weareveryfortunate.在这方面，我们是很幸运的。Hisworkisgoodinrespectofquality.他的工作质量很好。Thetwogroupsweresimilarwithrespecttoincomeandstatus.这两组人在收入和地位方面是相似的。【拓展】respectfuladj.恭敬的；尊敬的；尊重人的；有礼貌的respectableadj.可敬的；有名望的；高尚的；值得尊敬的refer【点拨】refervi.谈到；查阅；参考referto查阅；参考；谈到；指的是referto...as...把……称作/看作in/withreferenceto＝inconnectionwith关于withoutreferenceto与……无关，不管Inhisspeech,hedidn’trefertotheproblematall.在他的演讲中，他丝毫未触及那个问题。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,refertotheguidebook.如果你有什么问题，请参阅指南。WhenIsaidsomepeoplewerestupidIwasn’treferringtoyou.当我说很多人很愚蠢的时候，我并不是指你。Theboyusedtobereferredtoasclever.过去人们认为这男孩很聪明。referencen.言及；提及；参考；查阅Hedislikeshistorybooksthatarecrowdedwithreferencetootherbooks.他不喜欢有很多参考其他书籍的附注的历史书。intend【点拨】intendvt.打算；计划intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事I'vemadeamistakethoughIdidn’tintendto.虽然不是有意，但我犯了错。intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事Thiswasintendedtobeapictureofacat.这幅画原本是要画猫的。iintend...as...＝beintendedas...打算把……当做……intend...for...＝beintendedfor为……打算或设计ChildrenwithSchoolProblems:APhysician’sManualismostlikelyintendedfordoctors.(2016高考四川卷)《学习障碍孩子——一名内科医生的手工》最有可能是给医生看的。Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis.(2016intended.高考上海卷)对用户来说对重要的结果是产品体现了意图。Thechairwasintendedforyou,butshetookitaway.那椅子原来是要给你的，可是她拿走了。intentionn.打算；计划struggle【点拨】strugglevt.搏斗；斗争；努力；挣扎strugglewith/against与……搏斗/斗争Becauseacollegecommunity(群体)differsfromthefa，manystudentswillstruggletofindailsenseofbelonging.(2016高考北京卷)因为大学这个群体不同于家庭群体，很多学生很艰难地寻找归属感。Theyhadtostrugglewith/againstallkindsofdifficulties.他们得和各样的困难作斗争。struggleforsth./todosth.努力/争取……Shestruggledtogetawayfromherattacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。Theyhadtostrugglefortheirlivesagainstweatherandwildanimals.为了生存他们必须与天气和野兽抗争。strugglethrough奋力通过struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来struggleon/along(虽艰难仍)继续做某事strugglen．斗争；挣扎withastruggle费劲地Afteralongstruggle,theoldwomangainedcontrolofherbusiness.经过长期努力，这位老妇人在业务上已能应付自如。equip【点拨】equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipsb./sth.withsth.用某物装备某人/物equipsb./sth.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事而准备sb.beequippedtodosth.某人有准备做某事equipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事beequippedwithsth.装备有某物OurclassroomisequippedwithaTVsetandataperecorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视和一台录音机。Agoodeducationshouldequipyouforlife.良好的教育能使你受用终生。equipmentn.[U]装备；设备apieceofequipment一件设备Ourschoolhasbeengivensomenewequipment.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。regret删除observe【点拨】observevt.&vi.看到，观察，注意；遵守(法律、习俗等)；庆祝(节日等)；评论；评述observesb.dosth.看到某人做(过)某事observesb.doingsth.看到某人(正在)做某事observearule/thelaw遵守规则/法律observeChristmas/MayDay庆祝圣诞节/五一劳动节Scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently.(2016高考浙江卷)科学家和婴儿用不同的方式观察世界。StephenFrancisobservedtheneighteen-year-oldShellyAnnatatrackmeetandwasconvincedthathehadseenthebeginningoftruegreatness.(2016高考江苏卷)StephenFrancis在一场田径运动会上注意到了当时18岁的ShellyAnn，相信他见证了真正伟大的开始。Minaagreed,scientistswouldneedtolookatimmunecellsandobservetheirbehavior.（江苏省南京市、盐城市2016届高三第一次模拟）Mira同意科学家需要观看免疫细胞并观察它们的行为。He(DavidHume)observedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears．他（DavidHume）注意到荷马在两千年后仍然受到崇敬。Itiseverybody’sdutytoobservethem（trafficrules）tokeepoursocietyinorderandgoingontherighttrack.遵守交通规则，使我们的社会运行有序，是我们每个人的职责。ArethereanyclassesIcouldobserve?有我可以观摩的课吗？Helikedtoobservethestarswhenhewasachild.孩提时他喜欢观察星星。Allthecitizensshouldobservethelawwithoutexception.所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。【拓展】observationn．观察，观察力；observern．观察者content【点拨】contentadj.满足的；满意的becontentwith＝besatisfiedwith对……感到满足/满意Areyoucontentwithyourpresentsalary？你对现在的薪水满意吗？becontenttodosth.＝bewillingtodosth.愿意做某事Myparentsarewellcontenttoliveinthecountry.我父母甘愿住在乡下。contentvt.使满足contentsb./oneselfwithsth.使某人/自己对……满意Simplepraiseisenoughtocontenthim.一点点表扬就足以使他满足。contentn．内容，目录，容量；满足incontentandform在内容和形式上Showmethecontentsofyoursuitcase.给我看看你手提箱里的东西。【拓展】content用作形容词时，通常做表语、后置定语或状语，做前置定语要用contented，如acontentedexpression满足的表情；content前的修饰词用well，而不用very。regret【高清课堂：词汇第一讲（unit1-3）】■【点拨】Ifyouregretsomethingthatyouhavedone,youwishthatyouhadnotdoneit.如果对已做的某事“regret”，表示后悔做过这件事。Isimplygaveintohim,andI'veregrettediteversince.我当时向他屈服了，此后我一直后悔。Ellisseemedtoberegrettingthathehadaskedthequestion.Ellis看起来后悔问了这个问题。Fiveyearslatersheregretshavinggivenupherhome.五年后她后悔放弃了她的家。Regretisafeelingofsadnessordisappointment,whichiscausedbysomethingthathashappenedorsomethingthatyouhavedoneornotdone.“regret”做名词意为一种悲伤或者失望的情感，它是由于自己做过或者没做过某事而带来的感受。LilliesaidhehadnoregretsaboutretirLillie对ng.于退休没有遗憾。Youcansaythatyouregretsomethingasapolitewayofsayingthatyouaresorryaboutit.YuseexpressionssuchasIregrettosayorIregrettoinformyoutoshowthatyouaresorryasomething.“regretsomething”也是一种对某事抱歉的委婉说法，表示对要说的事情表示遗憾。Iregrettoinformyouhediedasaconsequenceofhisinjuries.我遗憾地通知你，他因为受伤过世了。convince【点拨】convincevt.使确信，使信服，使认识Wefinallyconvincedthemofouradventure.＝Wefinallyconvincedthemtobelieveouradventure.我们最终令他们信服了我们的冒险经历。Hersmileconvincedhimthatshewashappy.她的微笑使他确信她快乐。convincesb.that...使某人信服(相信)beconvincedof...确信……Theywereconvincedoftheresultoftheexperimentfinally.他们最终相信了实验结果。be/feelfirmlyconvincedthat...确信；笃信；坚信……Iamconvincedofhisguilt/thatheisguilty.我确信他有罪。【点拨】convincingadj.令人信服的；有说服力的Thereisnowconvincingevidencethatsmokingcauseslungcancer.现有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。convincedadj.确信的；深信的；坚信的重点短语:lookdownupon/on【点拨】lookdownupon/on蔑视；轻视；瞧不起Youmustn'tlookdownuponthedisabled.你决不能瞧不起残疾人。Womenusedtobelookeddownupon.过去妇女受歧视。【拓展】look的相关短语：lookabout四下环顾，四处寻找lookafter照顾；照料；目送；寻求lookfor寻找；期待lookforwardto(sth./doingsth.)盼望lookon观看；面向；旁观lookover从……上面看过去；察看lookround掉头看；环顾，观光lookthrough透过……看去；看穿；审查lookup向上看；查阅comeacross【点拨】comeacross(尤指偶然)遇到，发现，想到；越过；产生效果Icameacrosshiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上碰到了他。Shesuddenlycameacrossanidea.她突然有了主意。Hecameacrossthehallintotheroom.他穿过大厅走进房间。Yourspeechcameacrossverywell.你的演讲十分成功。【拓展】表示“偶然遇见”意思的常见短语还有meetwith,happentomeet,chancetomeet,meet...bychance/accident,runacross,runinto。carryon【高清课堂：第一讲（unit1-3）】■【点拨】Ifyoucarryondoingsomething,youcontinuetodoit.当“carryondoing”某事时，会继续完成它。Theassistantcarriedontalking.助手一直在说。RachaelCarrintendstocarryonteaching.RachaelCarr打算继续教书。Herbraveryhasgivenhimthewilltocarryonwithhislifeandhiswork.她的勇敢给了他继续他的生活和工作的愿望。—“DoyoumindifIjuststartwiththefewformalquestionsplease?”你是否介意我问几个正式的问题？—“Carryon.”继续。Ifyoucarryonanactivity,youdoitortakepartinitforaperiodoftime.如果carryon某事，意指从事某事或进行某事。ThePresidentwillcarryonapoliticaldialoguewithIndonesia.总统将和印度尼西亚进行政治会谈。Hecarriedonaresearchwithhisfriends.他和朋友进行研究。leadto【点拨】leadto通向，导致，致使Thebankhasofferedarewardforanyinformationleadingtothearrestofthemen.银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。leadn.tosth.引导……到……leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事Whatledyoutotakeupactingasacareer？是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？【拓展】1.leadto中的to为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有devoteto致力于/payattentionto注意/objectto反对/stickto坚持/lookforwardto期望，等等。leadto不用被动语态。leadto是前因后果，而liein(＝resultfrom)是前果后因。freefrom/of【点拨】freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等)，使……不含(有害物)Keepthetablefreefromdirtbyputtingacoveroverit.用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面。【拓展】freefrom没有……，免于……，无……之忧freeof无……的；免于……的，离开了……的Thelakeisfreeofpollution.这湖没有污染。freesb./sth.from...使某人/某物自由；解放；释放Trytofreeyourselffromallprejudices.尽量消除一切偏见。Thesecretarywasfreefromallblamefortheerrors.这些失误完全不能怪秘书。forfree＝freeofcharge免费地，无偿地befreetodosth.自由地做某事befreewithsb.对某人放肆setsb.free释放某人badlyoff【点拨】badlyoff穷的；缺少的bebadlyoff拮据，贫穷IhavegotabigroomsoI’mnottoobadlyoff.我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不坏。Iwenttohishomeandfoundhislivingconditionswereworseoffthanmine.我去他家一看，发现他的生活状况比我的更差。bebadlyoffforsth.某物短缺，不够＝beshortof/lackofSheisbadlyoffforfriends.她缺少朋友。【拓展】bewelloff有钱的，富裕的bewelloffforsth.某方面是充裕的Hisfamilyisnotwelloff.他家境不太富裕。Wewerewelloffforstoragespaceinthenewoffices.我们的新办公室里有很多贮藏东西的地方。pickout【点拨】pickout选出；选拔；分辨出；领会Letmepickoutsomegoodonesforyou.让我来替你挑几个好的。It'seasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.很容易从人群中辨认出他，因为他个子很高。【拓展】相关短语有：pickon选择（某人或某物）作受罚（挨骂、干不愉快的工作）的对象。pickup拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；得到；学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转pickoff摘下，摘掉；逐个地（或有选择地）瞄准射中cutoff【点拨】cutoff切掉，割掉，分离，隔离(常跟from)，中断Ihadmyhaircutoffandsoldit.我把头发剪掉卖了。Justwhenshehadreachedthemostimportantpointwewerecutoff.她刚刚讲到最要紧的地方，我们的电话就被切断了。Wewerecompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.我们和外界完全隔绝了。【拓展】相关短语有：cutacross抄近路穿过；对直穿过cutaway切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开cutdown砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短；毁灭，破坏cutin插嘴；突然插入cutintohalves/pieces切成两半/切碎cutout切掉；删掉cutup切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心词义辨析：worth,worthy,worthwhile【点拨】worth只做表语，表示“值……钱，值得干……”，后跟名词或动名词，不跟不定式。worth常用well修饰，不用very。Thebookiswellworthreading.这书值得一读。worthy意为“值得的”，除在书面语体中用做定语外，一般用做表语。beworthy后常接“of＋名词/动名词(被动式)”、不定式。Theplaceisworthytobevisited/ofbeingvisited.这地方值得一游。worthwhile的常用句式为Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.（做某事是值得的）,it是形式主语，todo/doing做真正主语。Thenewbikeisworth350Yuan.这辆新自行车值350元。Thepictureiswellworthtakinggoodcareof.这幅画值得好好保存。Theproblemisworthytobeconsidered.这个问题值得考虑。Heisateacherworthyofgreatrespect.他是位受尊敬的老师。Herachievementsareworthyofthehighestpraise.她的成就值得高度的赞扬。Itisworthwhilevisiting/tovisittheplace.参观那地方还是很值得的。Hangzhouisabeautifulplace;itisworthwhilegoing/togothere.杭州是个美丽的地方，值得一去。Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。thanksto,becauseof,owingto,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof【点拨】thanksto由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)becauseof因为；由于owingto由于，因……之缘故asaresultof作为……的结果，由于dueto因为，由于（不能放在句首）onaccountof由于；因为ThankstoJim’swarning,weavoidedtheaccident.多亏吉姆的提醒，我们避免了一场事故。Icouldn’tattendthemeetingowingtoillness.我因病不能出席会议。Thedelaywasduetopowerfailure.延滞是由于停电。Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow.由于大雪，他迟到了。Billcannotcometothemeetingonaccountof/becauseofillness.比尔因病不能到会。expand,extend,spread,stretch【点拨】expand“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。extend“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。Aschildrengrowoldertheyexpandtheirinterestsandbecomemoreconfident.随着年龄的增长，孩子们的兴趣会变广泛，人也会变得更自信。ThehotweatherextendedtoOctober.炎热的天气一直持续到十月份。Thefiresoonspreadtothenearbybuildings.火势不久就蔓延到邻近的建筑。Thecatstretchedoutinfrontofthefire.猫在火炉前伸开四肢。direct,directly【点拨】direct用于具体意义，指“中途不停地，径直地”。directly多用于抽象意义，表示“直接地”，还有“立即，马上”等意思。directly还可用做连词引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonas。Hewentdirecttotheairport.他直接去了机场。Themeasureaffectsmedirectly.这项措施马上影响到我了。IwilltelephoneyoudirectlyIhearthenews.我一听到消息,马上打电话给你。especially,specially,particularly【点拨】especially强调程度，意为“特别，尤其”。specially强调目的，多指为某一特定目的而专门做某事。particularly表“特别地，尤其地”，可以与especially互换，但particularly还可作“详细地，细致地”解释。Icameherespeciallytoseeyou.我特地到这里来就是为了看你。Ilikethecountry,especially/particularlyinspring.我喜欢这个国家，尤其是春天。Pleasedescribetheeventfullyandparticularly.请充分而详细地描述这个事件。巩固练习一、单项选择1.Businessstudies______askill－basedsubjectwhich______students'abilitytousetheirknowledge.A.is;testB.is;testsC.are;testD.are;tests2.Greatly______,thestudentsmadeuptheirmindstoworkatEnglishevenharder.A.inspiringB.inspiredC.havinginspiredD.toinspire3.Heargued______smoking,andinsistedthatitwas______argumentthatsmokingwasharmfultohealth.A.for;beyondB.against;overC.for;overD.against;beyond4.Itstruckmelikelightninghowdifficultitmusthavebeenforawomantogetmedicaltrainsolongagowhenwomen'seducationwasalwaysplaced______tomen's.A.betterB.worseC.secondD.first5.______hitmeallofasudden______Ihadforgottenherbirthday.A.That;thatB.That;whatC.It;thatD.It;what6.Throughdetermination,shehadlearnedtoreadandwriteand______tobecomepartoftheleadershipofthevillage.A.appearedB.struggledC.hesitatedD.failed7.Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhim______onabeach,withhiseyes______onakiteinthesky.A.seated;fixingB.sitting;fixingC.seated;beingfixedD.sitting;fixed8.—HowdoesAlmalikehernewjob?—She______withthehours.A.can'tsatisfyB.isn'tsatisfiedC.doesn'tsatisfyD.hasn'tsatisfied9.Thefallingofthenewbuilding______itssoftbase.A.resultedin B.sufferedfromC.ledto D.layin10.Hehadtotakethemedicinethreetimesaday,soastobe______painintheleg.A.farfromB.awayfromC.apartfromD.freefrom11.Isithightimethatoursociety______thosewhoare______？A.carefor;badlyoffB.caredfor;badoffC.tocareabout;welloffD.caredabout;badlyoff12.Althoughthereweresomanypeopleinthesquare,Icould______myfriend.A.pickupB.pickoutC.makeupD.setout13.Theoldmansatinthecorner,______along.A.wellcontenttohaveadrinkB.wellcontentfromhavingadrinkC.quitecontentedhavingadrinkD.tobequitecontentedwithdrink14.Hebehavednaturally______nothinghadhappenedtohim.A.evenifB.onlyifC.asifD.sothat15.Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when二、完形填空阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ItwasanormalMondaymorningatanassembly,andtheoldheadmasterwasaddressingthestudentsonimportantthingsinlifeandabout__1__ourselvestowhatisimportanttous.Thishowthestorywent：AnoldmanlivedinacertainpartofLondon,andhewouldwakeupeverymorningandgotothe__2__.HewouldgetthetrainrighttoCentralLondon,andthensitatthestreetcorner__3__.Hewoulddothiseverysingledayofhislife.Hesatatthesamestreetcornerandbeggforalmost20years.Hishousewasfilthy(肮脏的),andastenchcameoutofthehouseanditsmelled__4__.Theneighborscouldnot__5__thesmellanymore,sotheysummonedthepoliceofficersto__6__theplace.Theofficers__7__downthedoorandcleanedthehouse.Thereweresmallbagsof__8__alloverthehousethathehad__9__overtheyears.Thepolicecountedthemoney,andtheysoonrealizedthattheoldmanwasa__10__.Theywaitedoutsidehishouseinanticipation(预料)to__11__thegoodnewswithhim.Whenhearrivedhomethatevening,hewasmetbyoneoftheofficerswhotoldhimthattherewasno__12__forhimtobeganymoreashewasarichmannow,amillionaire.Hesaid__13__atall;hewentintohishouseandlockedthedoor.Thenextmorninghewokeupasusual,wenttothestreetandcontinuedtobeg.__14__，thisoldmanhadnogreatplans,dreamsoranything__15__forhislife.Welearnnothingfromthisstoryotherthanstaying__16__thethingsweenjoydoing,commitment.Weshouldremaintruetoourcourse,whichmaymeandevotingyourselvestothingsthatpeoplearoundyouwould__17__disapprove.Letnothingdistractusfrombeinghappy;letnothingelsedetermineourfate,but__18__.Whatmakesushappyiswhat__19__intheend...notwhatweacquire(获得).ThisparticularstoryisonesuchlessonthatIwillneverforget.EverytimeIdon'tconcenoncourse,Iget__20__ofthisstory.1.A.attractingB.agreeingC.believingD.devoting2.A.streetB.factoryC.subwayD.airport3.A.begB.waitC.attemptD.evaluate4.A.pleasant B.horribleC.endlessD.seriousA.explainB.forgetC.judgeD.tolerateA.clearB.removeC.controlD.inspectA.put B.tookC.knockedD.cutA.rubbishB.moneyC.waste D.foodA.managedB.stoleC.arrangedD.collectedA.millionaireB.gentlemanC.bossD.giftA.satisfyB.shareC.believeD.reportA.needB.doubt C.chanceD.resultA.somethingB.anythingC.everything D.nothingA.ClearlyB.ActuallyC.SurprisinglyD.SuddenlyA.fortunateB.possibleC.significantD.worthA.actedoutB.calledonC.turnedtoD.focusedonA.normallyB.crazilyC.finallyD.completelyA.othersB.usC.ourselvesD.someA.considersB.achievesC.mattersD.facesA.permittedB.remindedC.warnedD.informed三、.阅读理解(2016高考新课标丙卷)Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds，itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews，andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored(监控)indifferentways，researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople’se-mailsandonlineposts，scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksforma，”saysJonahBergersmedia，ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends，youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication—e-mails，Webpostsandreviews，face-to-faceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative(消极的)，butthatdidn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility，Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste-mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelymakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes’readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny，orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety，butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused(激发)onewayortheother，andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle，themorelikelyitwastobeshared，asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbo，“Contagiousk:WhyThingsCatchOn.”Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.C.Privatee-mails.D.Dailyconversations．WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?A.They’resociallyinactive.They’regoodattellingstories.They’reinconsiderateofothers.They’recarefulwiththeir.wordsWhichtendedtobethemoste-mailedaccordingtoDr.Berger’sresearch?A.Sportsnew.B.Sciencearticles.C.Personalaccounts.D.Financialreviews.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?SadStoriesTravelFarandWideOnlineNewsAttractsMorePeopleReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimesGoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks四、书面表达(湖南师大附中2017届高三摸底考试英语试题)假定你是李华，高考(NationalMatriculationTest)后想去澳大利亚旅行15天，主要想更多地了解当地文化和大学。给你的澳洲朋友Joe写信，请他根据你的时间和旅行目的对你附件中的行程(itinerary进行一些修改。) 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案与解析：一、单项选择B.考查主谓一致。由句中askill-basedsubject可知businessstudies指“一门学科”，谓语用单数；which代替asubject，谓语也用单数。B.考查非谓语动词。过去分词inspired做状语，表示“受到激励”。D.考查固定搭配：argueagainst和beyondargument。C.secondto意为“次于；亚于”。C.句中it做形式主