高考英语语法填空专题

Welcometoourclass第一页，共35页。第一页，共35页。GrammaticalFilling语法填空解题策略2018-03第二页，共35页。第二页，共35页。题型解读一篇200字左右的短文或对话6-7个根据给出单词的正确形式填空（不多于三个单词）3-4个根据上下文在空白处填所需内容（一个单词）

能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构、运用语法、单词拼写第三页，共35页。第三页，共35页。根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意总结提升检查搭配,前后连贯解题步骤：第四页，共35页。第四页，共35页。真题导航技巧点拨实战演练命题探究课后巩固语法填空第五页，共35页。第五页，共35页。真题导航2018第六页，共35页。第六页，共35页。Yangshuo,China

ItwasraininglightlywhenI61____________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours62________________,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with63__________(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver64___________arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese65__________(painting).Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway66__________carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo67__________(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers68__________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit69______________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70_________(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.第七页，共35页。第七页，共35页。Yangshuo,China

ItwasraininglightlywhenI61____________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours62________________,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with63__________(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver64___________arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese65__________(painting).Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway66__________carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo67__________(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers68__________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit69______________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70_________(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.arrivedearlier/beforeitswhich/thatpaintingsbyisconductedregularlyliving61.谓语动词62.副词63.代词64.引导词65.名词66.介词67.谓语动词68.非谓语动词69.副词70.非谓语动词第八页，共35页。第八页，共35页。arrivedearlier/beforeitswhich/thatpaintingsbyisconductedregularlyliving61.谓语动词62.副词63.代词64.引导词65.名词66.介词67.谓语动词68.非谓语动词69.副词70.非谓语动词1.纯空格试题（62、64、66）2.给出了动词的试题（61、67、68、70）3.词类/形/义转换题（63、65、69）三个解题思路命题探究第九页，共35页。第九页，共35页。我们根据命题的三种情况来探讨各自不同的解题思路：(1)纯空格题。

确定填哪类词的具体方法有：技巧点拨第十页，共35页。第十页，共35页。①：缺主语或宾语，很可能是填代词(因为一般不会要求考生填名词)。1.Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult

wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.2.

Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease

.3.Behindhimwereotherpeopletowhomhewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes_______-walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.ithimthey____________________________________________________________________________________第十一页，共35页。第十一页，共35页。②：名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词或some,any,other,another,either,neither,less,more,little,few,many,much等。1.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof____mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.2.As____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.3.Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet________studenttastethewater.Hespititout,sayingitwasawful.theaanother___________________________________第十二页，共35页。第十二页，共35页。③：名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、补语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。1.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)_____amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffects....2.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback____mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,

....

3.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway___carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.astoby___________________________________________________第十三页，共35页。第十三页，共35页。④：若两个或几个单词或短语、两个主谓之间没有连词，很可能是填连词。1.Therobberscameinatabout22:00onSaturday

leftat07:00onSunday.2.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,_______isnotgoodforthehealth.3.Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays______evenafewmonths.4.Maybeyouleaveahabit_____________isdrivingyourfamilycrazy._______________________________________________________________________andwhichorwhich/that第十四页，共35页。第十四页，共35页。：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)1.ListentothesewordsfromDarwinP.Kingsley:“Youhavepowersyouneverdreamedof.Youcandothingsyouneverthoughtyou______do.....”2.IexplainedthatwhileIdidn’tcarryanycash,I___

happentohaveanewblanket,andaskedhimifhecoulduseit.Hewasthrilled._________________________________________coulddid第十五页，共35页。第十五页，共35页。(2)词类/形/义转换题。根据该词在句中所作句子成分来确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：第十六页，共35页。第十六页，共35页。①：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。1.However,be_______(care)nottogotoextremes.2.Whilethereare________(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe_______(patience)

carefulamazingpatient_________________第十七页，共35页。第十七页，共35页。②作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。1.WhenChina’sancientscientificandtechnological______________(achieve)arementioned,thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions.2.Perhapsitcameinto____________(exist)withthegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry.

existenceachievements___________第十八页，共35页。第十八页，共35页。③：在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或者“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式。1.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop__________(attract).2.Onhis_______(arrive),heparkedhisbikeoutsidethebackdoorasusual.

attractionarrival_________第十九页，共35页。第十九页，共35页。④修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子作状语，用副词形式。1.Thetitlewillbe_________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.2.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit___________(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong.3.Theriverwassopollutedthatit________(actual)caughtfireandburned.officiallyregularlyactually_____________________________第二十页，共35页。第二十页，共35页。⑤:词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-等，在词根后加-less等。1.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimes___________(possible),togetridof.2.Yourmistakecausedalotof___________(necessary)workintheoffice.3.Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis:noknowledgeis________(useful)

impossibleunnecessaryuseless__________________________第二十一页，共35页。第二十一页，共35页。：所给的是形容词或副词，不改变词义或词性，填比较级或最高级。1.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris________(clean)(clean)thanever.2.Even_______(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.cleanerworse_______________第二十二页，共35页。第二十二页，共35页。

所给的是名词，不变词性，填复数。1.Thistrend,...,hashadsomeunintendedside_______(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease....2.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew____(day)withhissistersothat....3.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortourists...insomanyChinese_________(painting).4....,formostofusthe__________(change)aregradual....effectsdayspaintingschanges________________________第二十三页，共35页。第二十三页，共35页。(3)给了动词的题。首先，要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词。若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、人称、数和语气。第二十四页，共35页。第二十四页，共35页。1.Whenfatandsalt______________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasif....2.Fastfood____(be)fulloffatandsalt；....3.Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstage....I____________(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.4.ItwasraininglightlywhenI________(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.5.Yangshuo____(be)reallybeautiful.6.It______（be）unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.areremovediswasallowedarrivediswas___________________________________________________________________________________第二十五页，共35页。第二十五页，共35页。注：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、-ed形式，还是用不定式。①：作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。1.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by_____(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.2.Ittookyearsofwork__________(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.3.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude___________(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.eatingtoreduceintroducing______________第二十六页，共35页。第二十六页，共35页。②：作目的状语、结果状语(出乎意料）、形容词后的状语，一般用不定式。1.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop

(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.2.Somepeoplesaythattheoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_________(succeed).3.Heopenedthedoor,only______(find)hiscomputerstolen.tohelptosucceedtofind____________________________________第二十七页，共35页。第二十七页，共35页。③：若判断用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式。1.Astudyoftravelers___________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.2.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_______(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.3.Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________(follow)bytheforeignguests.

conductedlivingfollowed________________________________________第二十八页，共35页。第二十八页，共35页。特别提醒：有时给出的动词既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。如：1.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop__________(attract).2.ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.attractionchoice_________第二十九页，共35页。第二十九页，共35页。IfirstmetDeanwhenwewereboth15.Itwashalfwayintothesummertermwhenheshowedupatschool.Nooneknew_____hewas,orwherehecamefrom.Therewasno___________(announce).Hejustwalkedintotheclassroomoneday,allalone,andseated_______(he)downatadesk.Ipretendednottonoticehim,andsodideveryoneelse.Hewasanewkidandyoudon'ttalktonewkids,doyou?Instead,youjustcarryondoingwhatyou'redoing.Itwasthefirstclassafterthemorningbreak,andwewereallhangingaround_________(excite),waitingfortheartteacher_______(arrive).Theclassroomwas_____(noise).Mostofusweresittingaroundtalking,tryingtolookcool.Butat_____sametime,weflickedslyglancesathimandcheckedhimout.Hedidn'tseemtocare,andjustsatthere,coolasyoulike,suckingtheendofapenciland_______(look)aroundtheroom.Eventhen,beforewe_____(speak)awordtoeachother,IknewtherewassomethingspecialaboutDean.Ididn'tknowwhatitwas,andIwasn'tsureifIlikedit___not,butIknewitwassomethingIcouldn'tresist.第三十页，共35页。第三十页，共35页。IfirstmetDeanwhenwewereboth15.Itwashalfwayintothesummertermwhenheshowedupatschool.Nooneknew_____hewas,orwherehecamefrom.Therewasno___________(announce).Hejustwalkedintotheclassroomoneday,allalone,andseated_______(he)downatadesk.Ipretendednottonoticehim,andsodideveryoneelse.Hewasanewkidandyoudon'ttalktonewkids,doyou?Instead,youjustcarryondoingwhatyou'redoing.Itwasthefirstclassafterthemorningbreak,andwewereallhangingaround_________(excite),waitingfortheartteacher_______(arrive).

whoannouncementhimselfexcitedlytoarrive第三十一页，共35页。第三十一页，共35页。Theclassroomwas_____(noise).Mostofusweresittingaroundtalking,tryingtolookcool.Butat_____sametime,weflickedslyglancesathimandcheckedhimout.Hedidn'tseemtocare,andjustsatthere,coolasyoulike,suckingtheendofapenciland_______(look)aroundtheroom.Eventhen,beforewe________________(speak)awordtoeachother,IknewtherewassomethingspecialaboutDean.Ididn