2019年英语新译林选修八（江苏专用）讲义Unit1单元小结

Thenovelwhichhastwomaincharactershascomeoutrecently.Ittellsofsuchastory:amayorabusinghispowerforhisson,doesn'tliveuptotheexpectationsofthePartyandthepeopleandatlastisputintoprison.Hisson,whomthemayorspoilsverymuch,isunable,vain,fullofcriminalviolenceandhassomevices.Butheisdesperatetorunacompanyandintendstobeamillionaire.Togetenoughmoney,themayorabuseshispowerstakingbribesandsecretlyborrowspublicfunds,beinggeneroustohisson.Buthiscompanywhichconsistsof200people,isindebt.Becausetheproductsareofbadquality,ithasabadreputation.Atlast,themayorisaccusedofseveralcrimesandsentencedtolifeinprison.Heisregretfulandsaysheisdeterminedtoreform,otherwisepeoplewouldspithim.这部有两个主要人物的小说是最近出版的。它讲述了这样一个故事：一位为了他的儿子滥用职权的市长，辜负了党和人们的期望，最后被送进监狱。他的儿子，市长很溺爱他，他很无能、自负，充满暴力犯罪，并且有许多恶习。但他很渴望经营一家公司，目的是成为一名百万富翁。为了得到足够的钱，市长滥用职权、收受贿赂，偷偷挪用公款，对儿子很慷慨。但拥有200人的公司由于劣质产品而负债，声名狼藉。最终市长被指控好几项罪名，被判处终身监禁。他很后悔并决心悔改，否则人们会唾弃他。加餐练(一)完形阅读组合练Ⅰ.完形填空“Paulmusthavebeentryingtocarryhiswastepapertothegarbagecananddroppedafewpieces.”I__1__，pickingthemup.__2__laterIfoundmorepieces.Noquietsighingthistime.I__3__，“Whoisthrowinggarbage？”Noanswer.Instead,Isawmorebitsofpapersilentlyfloating__4__fromupstairs.Lookingup,Isawmyseven­year­oldson,Paul.“Stopmakingamess.”“It'snotamess.They're__5__.”“Sorry,whatdidyousay？”Ihadn'theardhimclearly.Hedidn'tanswerme.Paulhasautism(自闭症)and__6__answersaquestion,especiallywhenhe's__7__attentivelyonsomethingelse.Herandownthestairs.“Wherearemyotherbutterflies？”heasked,__8__around.EverytimePaul__9__fiveormorewordstogether,myheartsaysa__10__ofthanks.Butlatelyheseemsto__11__thatthebenefitsofformingcompletesentenceswhencommunicatingare__12__oftheeffort.Butterflies.Ofcourse.Irushedto__13__themfromthegarbage,__14__themoffandhandedthemtomyyoungartist.“Wanttoseethem__15__again？”heaskedwithashysmile.“Oh,yes!They'rebeautiful，”Iwhispered.Heranbackupstairstofloathis__16__downagain.Theyreallydidlooklikebeautifulbutterflies.ThatdayPaul__17__metolookupat__18__insteadofdownatgarbage.HowmanyothermasterpiecesdoImissbecauseI'mtoocaughtupinmy__19__totaketimetoappreciatewhat'srightinfrontofme?Lifeisnotwhathappenstous.It's__20__welookatit.Now,Ilookup.eq\x(语篇解读：“我”七岁的儿子保罗患有自闭症，他把飘着的废纸片看作蝴蝶在飞，而“我”看到的只是地上的一堆垃圾。后来“我”感悟到换种态度去看生活，就能看到其中的美好。)1．A.laughed B．sighedC．amazed D．shouted解析：选B根据下文的“Noquietsighingthistime.”可知，“我”叹了口气，把掉在地上的几张废纸捡起来。2．A.Days B．YearsC．Moments D．Weeks解析：选C根据语境可知，一开始只是几张废纸，一会儿“我”发现了更多的废纸。故选C。3．A.calledout B．turnedupC．gotin D．addedto解析：选A这一次“我”不再静静地叹息，大声喊：“是谁在扔垃圾？”故选A。callout“大声呼叫”。4．A.up B．downC．away D．off解析：选B根据“fromupstairs”可知，纸是从楼上飘下来的。第四段中的“Heranbackupstairstofloathis__16__downagain.”也是提示。故选B。5．A.planes B．papersC．leaves D．butterflies解析：选D根据第三段的“Wherearemyotherbutterflies？”可知，选D。6．A.rarely B．frequentlyC．willingly D．eagerly解析：选A根据语境保罗有自闭症可知，他很少回答问题。故选A。rarely“很少”。7．A.devoted B．dependedC．focused D．addicted解析：选C尤其当他专注于别的事情时，他就很少回答问题。故选C。devote“献身，专心”，跟to搭配；depend“依靠”，与on连用；focus“集中(注意力、精力等)于”，与on连用；addicted“上瘾的”，与to连用。8．A.showing B．lookingC．playing D．turning解析：选B他一边问一边四处看。showaround“领(某人)参观”；lookaround“环顾”；playaround“玩弄，鬼混”；turnaround“改变”。9．A.increases B．putsC．pushes D．accumulates解析：选B每当保罗把5个或更多的词放在一起时，“我”的心里就会发出感谢的祈祷。故选B。putsth.together“组织，汇集”。10．A.sound B．remarkC．report D．prayer解析：选D参见上题解析。11．A.refuse B．hearC．mind D．realize解析：选D但是最近他似乎认识到交流时说完整的句子的好处是值得(他去)努力的。故选D。12．A.worthy B．awareC．fond D．typical解析：选A参见上题解析。beworthyof“值得”。13．A.hide B．destroyC．rescue D．remove解析：选C“我”跑过去把它们从垃圾桶里救出来。故选C。14．A.tore B．dustedC．cut D．seized解析：选B垃圾桶里应该很脏，所以这里指擦掉废纸上的灰尘。dust“擦去……的灰尘”。15．A.throw B．flowC．land D．fly解析：选D儿子问“我”：“想看它们再次飞(fly)吗？”16．A.masterpieces B．schoolworkC．inventions D．imagination解析：选A他跑回去让他的杰作从楼上再次飘下来。下文的“HowmanyothermasterpiecesdoImiss”也是提示。masterpiece“杰作；代表作”。故选A。17．A.reminded B．forcedC．intended D．permitted解析：选A那一天，保罗提醒了“我”抬头看美的东西而不是低头看垃圾。18．A.mistakes B．weaknessC．beauties D．scenery解析：选C参见上题解析。上文的“likebeautifulbutterflies”是提示，下文的“downatgarbage”是对比。19．A.amusement B．houseworkC．communication D．homework解析：选B“我”太忙于家务活而没有时间去欣赏眼前的东西。20．A.when B．whetherC．where D．how解析：选D生活不是我们发生了什么，而是我们如何看待它。Ⅱ.阅读理解NothinginWileyPost'searlyyearssuggestedthathewouldbecomeafamouspilot.Hisfamilywerefarmers.In1913,Wileysawsomethingthatforeverchangedhislife—anairplane.WileyPostbegantostudyeverythinghecouldfindaboutflying.Postfinallytookanairplanein1919.Afterhisfirstflight,WileyPostknewthatflyingwassomethinghecouldlearntodo.WileyPostbeganhiscareerinflying,notasapilot,butasaperformerwhojumpsfromairplanesusingaparachute.Hedidthiswithagroupthatperformedflyingtrickstoearnmoney.WileyPostthendecidedtheonlywaytobecomeagoodpilotwastobuyanairplaneofhisown.Heneededmoremoneythanheearnedintheflyingshow.Hewenttoworkintheoil­producingareasofTexas.Buthedamagedhislefteyeinanaccident.Doctorshadtogetridofhiseye.Judgingdistanceisdifficultwithouttwoeyes.WileyPostbeganteachinghimselftojudgedistancewithonlyoneeye.Ittookalongtime,buthesucceeded.In1928,hegotajobflyingtheplanethatbelongedtoarichoilproducerfromOklahomacalledF.C.Hall.In1930,PostenteredtheNationalAirRacesinthisplaneandwon.OnJune23,1931,PostandGattyhadflownaroundtheworld.ButmanypeoplesaidGattywastherealhero.Hehadguidedtheflight.ThishurtPost.WileyPostbegantoplananotherflightaroundtheworld.Thistimehewouldgoalone.OnJuly15,1933,PosttookofffromFloydBennettFieldinNewYork.HebecamethefirstpersontoflyfromNewYorktoBerlinwithoutstopping.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，简要介绍了飞行员威利·波斯特的事迹。他凭着对飞行事业的热爱，克服了重重困难，最终实现了自己的梦想。1．WhichofthefollowingwasaturningpointinWileyPost'slife?A．Hesawanairplanein1913.B．Helosthislefteyeinanaccident.C．Hegotajobflyingtheplanein1928.D．Hebecameaperformerwhojumpedfromairplanes.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，1913年他看见了一架飞机，这改变了他的一生，成了他生命中的一个转折点。2．HowlongdidittakeWileyPostfromhisfirstflighttohisfirstcompetition?A．6years. B．9years.C．11years. D．17years.解析：选C数字计算题。第一段的倒数第二句中提到，他第一次乘坐飞机是在1919年；第三段的最后一句中提到，他第一次参加比赛是在1930年。综合上面的两个数字可知，中间相隔11年。3．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3thatWileyPost________.A．oncestoppedhisdreamofbecomingapilotB．hadtakenupmanydifferentjobsrelatedtoflyingC．couldn'tcorrectlyjudgedistancewithonlyoneeyeD．experiencedmanydifficultiesbeforehebecamearealpilot解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中提到的事件可推知，威利·波斯特在成为真正的飞行员之前经历了许多困难。4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Aherogoodatcommunicatingwithothers.B．ApilotwinningtheNationalAirRaces.C．Aperformerjumpingfromairplanes.D．Amanwithstrongwill.解析：选D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了威利·波斯特意志坚强，始终坚定地朝着成为一名飞行员这个目标而奋斗，历尽艰难，他最终实现了梦想。故选D。加餐练(二)失分题型强化练Ⅰ.任务型阅读SocialNetworkingandItsEffectSocialnetworkinghasbecomeanunquestionablepartofoureverydaylives.ThosewhohavealifeontheInternetdonotalwaysrealizethattheyarelosingtheirconnectionswiththerealworld.Nowadays,areputationonlineismoreimportant.Someareevenfindingawaytomakealivingonline.Socialmediaseemstohavequitetheimpact,especiallyonteenagers.Yearsago,beforesocialnetworkingexisted,friendswouldgooutandhaveagoodtime,andpopularityinhighschoolwouldbesomethingofimportancetoalotofpeople.Today,popularitymeanshavingalotoffollowersonTwitterorTumblr.Tumblrhasitsownwayofcreating“celebrities”.Usersareconsidered“Tumblrfamous”iftheyhaveahighnumberoffollowers.Websitesmakeusthinkthatgreatnessisachievedjustbecausethousandsofstrangersarefamiliarwithyourface.Popularityisnotabouthavingalotoffriendsanymore;itisjustaboutbeingknownforabsolutelynothing.Socialnetworkinghasitspositives,consideringitallowsustoconnectwithfriendsandfamilyinamatterofseconds.Althoughthisisextremelyuseful,itisalsodestroyingourabilitytomakereallifeconversations.PeopleareattackedovertheInternet,butdonotsayawordtoeachotherinperson.Socialmediaispreventingusfromstandingupforourselvesthewayweshouldbe.Facebooklimitsourconversationsthatwehavewithpeople,whichiswhyitisalwaysbettertostrikeupaconversationinpersoninsteadofthroughacomputerscreen.Socialnetworkingdestroysthetruemeaningofhumaninteraction.Teensarefindingnewwaystomakealivingoutofadvertisementsthattheypostontheirsocialnetworkingpages.Socialnetworksallowthemtomakemoneywithoutevengettingupoffthecouch.Beingoutintherealworldandworkingcreateswaystocommunicateandisacrucialpartoflife,butthatwillbedestroyedifyoungteensthinkitisokaytojustmakemoneythroughsocialmedia.Socialnetworkingmakesthingseasier,butthatdoesnotalwaysmeanthatitmakesthingsbetter.Socialnetworkingaffectsyounglivesandcausesteenstogrowupdifferentlyfromhowtheirolderrelativeshave.Theyrelyontheirblogsandpagestocommunicatewithpeople,keepupwiththelatesttrendsandenjoytheirseparatelittleworld.Socialmediahasruinedhowlifeshouldbe:fun,adventurousandexciting.Instead,ithasturnedmostteenagersintoantisocialcouchpotatoes.Thereneedstobeabreakfromsocialnetworkingsoyoungpeoplecanonceagainliveareallifeintherealworld.Title:SocialNetworkingandItsEffectIntroductionOurdailylivesare(1)________connectedtosocialnetworking,whichhasgreatimpactindifferentaspects.Popularityonline●Forhighschoolstudentstoday,popularityis(2)________bythenumberoffollowerstheyhaveonTwitterorTumblr.●Popularityonlineconcernsnothingbutthe(3)________．The(4)________effectsofsocialnetworking●Online(5)________occursamongpeoplewhoactuallydonotknoweachother.●Facebookmakesit(6)________likelyforpeopletocommunicateinperson.Theimpactsonteenagers●Socialnetworkingallowsteenstomakemoneyby(7)________online.●Teensmakemoneywithoutcommunicatingintherealworld,whichisnotnecessarilya(8)________thing.●Teens(9)________themselvesfromsociety,addictedtoavirtualworld.●Socialnetworking(10)________teensfromlivingafun,adventurousandexcitinglife.答案：1.closely/tightly2.determined/decided3.face4.negative5.violence/attack6.less7.advertising8．good9.shut/separate/withdraw10.discourages/prevents/stops/keeps/blocksⅡ.书面表达请阅读下面文字及图示，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Bothyouandyourdogwillenjoytheexpansivewalkingtracksinthepark.Inparksallowingdogs,alldogsmustberestrainedonaleashatalltimesexceptinthedesignatedoff­leashexerciseareas.Dogsmustalwaysbeunderthecontroloftheowner.Donotallowyourdogtodisturbwildlifeorinterferewithotherparkusers.ProhibitedAreasDogsarenotallowedinanynon­designatedpark,children'splayareas,beaches,athleticfields,andconservationparks.Duringthewinterdogsarenotpermittedongroomedcross­countryskitrails.Dogbitesareaworldwideproblem,particularlyinchildren.Everyyear250,000peoplewhohavebeenbittenbydogsattendminorinjuriesandmedicalemergenciesunitsintheUnitedKingdom,andhalfofallchildrenarereportedlybittenbydogsatsometime.Accordingtothepie,