一般现在时和现在进行时详细讲解

（一）一般现在时一．动词变化：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，另外be和have有特殊的人称形式。在加词尾-s时要注意：情况 加法 例词一般情况 加-s reads,writes,says以ch,sh,s,x,或o收尾的加-es teaches,washes,guesses,词 fixes,goes以“辅音字母+y”结尾的变y为i再加-es try－tries词 carry－carries二．一般现在时表示:(1)表示现在的状态,例如:He’stwelve.(2)表示经常性的或习惯性的动作,常与often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday等表示经常性的或习惯性的时间状语连用.例如:Igotoschooleveryday.(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力,例如:Shelikesapple.（4）表示客观、普遍的真理。Twoandfourmakessix.三句型肯定句结构:主语+be动词/行为动词+宾语/表语(1)行为动词:a.主语为第一、二人称、复数人称时（I,you,we,they,theboys），主语+动词原形+宾语。Theygotoschooleveryday.b.主语为第三人称单数时(it,he,she,Lily，主语)+动词s/es+宾语。Lilyoftenlikessinging.(2)系动词(be):主语+系动词+表语。Iam...They/We/Youare…He/She/Itis…2.否定句结构:主语+be动词/行为动词+宾语/表语(1)行为动词:a.主语为第一、二人称,复数人称时，主语+don’t+动词原形。Theydon’tgotoschooleveryday.b.主语为第三人称单数时，主语+doesn’t+动词原形。Lilydoesn’tlikesinging.(2)系动词(be):主语+is/am/are后加not+表语Iamnotaworker.3.一般疑问句结构:（1）行为动词a.主语为第一、二人称,复数人称时，Do+they/we/you+动词原形Dotheygotoschooleveryday?（Yes,theydo.No,theydon’t.）b.主语为第三人称单数时，Does+he/she/iIt+动词原形DoesLilyoftenlikesinging?(Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.)系动词(be):is/am/are主语++表语Areyouaworker?(Yes,Iam.No,I’mnot.)4.特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问词（what,howoften,which,where,who）+一般疑问句？（1）行为动词（1）行为动词Whatdotheydoeveryday?HowoftendoesPetergofishing?（2)系动词(be):Whoisthegirlatthatgate?考点一：often,always,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday，onweekends等连用。如：Igetupatsixeverymorning.我每天早晨六点钟起床。Sheoftengoestoschoolbybus.她经常乘公共汽车上学（2010广西梧州）Mysisterisanurse.She_______earlyeverymorning.A.getupB.isgettingupC.gotupD.getsup【2011上海】Nowmyfather_____hisbiketoworkeverydayinsteadofdriving.A.rideB.rodeC.RidesD.willride【2011山东】.AlthoughBillisn’trichenoftenugh,he______moneytothepoor.A.willgiveB.wasgivingC.givesD.gave【2011湖北·武汉】Johnlikesplayingsoccerverymuchandhe_____aboutonehourplayingiteveryday.A.spentB.willspendC.hasspentD.spends【2011四川绵阳】Thisgirlisreadytohelppeopleanytime.Whensheisonthebus,shealwaysherseattosomeoneinneed.A.givesB.giveC.gaveD.giving考点二：一般现在时可表示人或物现在的状态或性质。如：Iamastudent.Heistwelve.迈克是学生。他十二岁了。OurEnglishteacherisatwork.我们的英语老师在工作。【2012·湖北·武汉】－What’shisbrother?－Heisateacher.Hemathsataschool.A.taughtB.hastaughtC.teachesD.willteach考点三：一般现在时可表示主语具备的能力，性格或特征,，如，Shelikeschildren.她喜欢孩子。TheyspeakFrench.他们讲法语。（2010·江苏省苏州市）-DoyouknowifCindywilldrivetoItalythisweekend?-Cindy?Never!Shedriving．A．hashatedB．hatedC．willhateD．Hates（2010·湖北省武汉市)MikeisfromAmerica.He________English.A.spokeB.willspeakC.speaksD.hadspoken【2012甘肃鸡西市】Summerholidayiscoming,LiLeiwithhisfather_____togotoShanghai.A.WantB.willwantC.Wants考点四：一般现在时可用在时间状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作：主句是将来时，从句用现在时（2010山东省莱芜）--Alice,pleasetellErictocallmewhenhe_____back.--Noproblem.A．comeB．comesC．cameD．willcome（2010·北京市）Tomwillcallmeassoonashe______home.A.getsB.hasgotC.gotD.willget【2011•宁夏】—WhenwillheleaveforShanghai?—Assoonashe_hiswork.A.finishedB.willfinishC.isfinishingD.finishes(2012年柳州市)Iwon'tleavemyofficeuntilmywork________A.finishesB.willfinishC.isfinished（2012年大庆市）Itwillbealongtime_____Peter_____hiswork.A.since;finishedB.after;finishedC.before;finishesD.when;finishes考点五：一般现在时也可用在条件状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作：主句是将来时，从句用现在时（2010·吉林省通化市）IbetMrs.Blackwillcometohelpuswiththecelebrationifshe______toobusytomorrowA.isB.willbeC.won'tbeD.isn't（2010·新疆省阜康市）I'mwaitingformyfriend,Ifhe______,I_______swimmingalone.A.doesn'tcome;willgoB.won'tcome;willgoC.willcome;won'tgoD.don'tcome;willgo（贵阳市2012）IfBob_____awayfromthejunkfood,hewillbeingoodhealth.A.stayB.willstayC.stays（2012年孝感市）—Iwonderifthepsychologistwillcometoourschoolthisweekend—Ifhe__,wewillbeveryexcitedAcomeBcomesCwillcomeDcame(2012年常德市)Ifitfinetomorrow,Iwillgohikingwithyou.A.isB.wasC.willbe考点六：一般现在时可表客观真理，客观存在及自然现象，如，Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球围绕太阳转。【2011•广东佛山】155.MostofthesandstorminourcountryinspringfromMarchtoMay.A.happenB.happensC.ishappening一般现在时练习题单选：Mysisterisanurse.She_______earleverymorning.A.getupB.isgettingupC.gotupD.getsupNowmyfather_____hisbiketoworkeverydayinsteadofdriving.A.rideB.rodeC.ridesD.willrideAlthoughBillisn’trichenough,heoften______moneytothepoor.A.willgiveB.wasgivingC.givesD.gaveJohnlikesplayingsoccerverymuchandhe_____aboutonehourplayingiteveryday.A.spentB.willspendC.hasspentD.spendsThisgirlisreadytohelppeopleanytime.Whensheisonshealwaysthebus,herseattosomeoneinneed.givesB.giveC.gaveD.giving－What’shisbrother?－Heisateacher.Hemathsataschool.A.taughtB.hastaughtC.teachesD.willteach-DoyouknowifCindywilldrivetoItalythisweekend?-Cindy?Never!Shedriving．A．hashatedB．hatedC．willhateD．HatesMikeisfromAmerica.He________English.spokeB.willspeakC.speaksSummerholidayiscoming,LiLeiwithhisfather_____togotoShanghai.WantB.willwantC.Wants【2011•广东佛山】155.MostofthesandstorminourcountryinspringfromMarchtoMay.A.happenB.happensC.ishappening句型转换：MybrotherworksinShenzhen.______yourbrother___?OneofmyclassmatescomesfromAustralia.______oneofyourclassmates______?3.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.否定句()He______hishomeworkeveryday.Davidwantstoseeme.______David___tosee?SheteachesEnglishinNo.8MiddleSchool.______she___English?MyparentsliveinChongqingnow.___liveinChongqingnow?Theylookveryyoung.___they___veryyoung?用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.There__somemilkinthebottle.(be)2.Wouldyoulikesomething_________?(drink)3.Mymother_______look)aftermylittlesisterathome.4.Lucy________(have)somefriendshere.5.He_____________hishomeworkatschool.(notdo)6.FangMing_____________(notlike)riceatall.7.Doyoulike_______(ride骑)abike?8.We_____(go)toschoolat7:30inthemorning.9.Maryseldom________(come)here.10.Letme____(help)you.11.Heruncleoften_______(drive)toBeijing.12.Tom______(want)_________(work)inHainan.13.Don’t_______(worry)!Letmehelpyou.14.Canyou_____(swim游泳)?Yes,Ican.15.BillspeaksJapanese.He________________(notspeak)Chinese.现在进行时态1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?如：Whatareyoudoing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+be+动词ing?如：Whoissingingoverthere?6动词加ing的变化规则一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stoppingsit-sittingget-gettingrun-runningforget-forgettingbegin-beginning以ie结尾的动词，改ie为y加ing，die--dyinglie--lying时间状语：now,look,listen，It’s…o’clck,7、没有进行时的动词表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作，因此一般不能用进行时。（1）表示感觉的感官动词例如：see（看见）、hear（听见）、notice（留意）等动词。我们不能说：（×）I'mhearingthesound.（√）Ihearthesound.我听见声音。（×）Areyouhearingthenoiseofaplane？（√）Doyouhearthenoiseofaplane？你听到飞机的声音吗？但是，如果hear不表示“听见”的意思时，可用进行时。TheyarehearinganEnglishlecture.他们在听一个英语讲座。（2）表示态度和感情、心理状态、继续等意思的动词如：like（喜欢）、love（爱）、know（知道）、want（需要）、hope（希望）、hate（恨）、think（认为）、agree（同意）、believe（相信）等。（×）I'mlikingdogs.（√）Ilikedogs.我喜欢狗。（3）have（has）当“拥有”讲时（×）I'mhavingalotofbooks.（√）Ihavealotofbooks.我有许多书本。但当have（has）当“吃饭、开会⋯⋯玩得愉快⋯⋯”等意思时，可用进行时。Wearehavingagoodtime.我们玩得很愉快。8现在进行时的基本用法（1）表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now连用，有时用一个动词如look（看）、listen（听）来表示now（现在）这一时间概念。Look！Atrainiscoming.看！火车来了Listen！Heisplayingthepiano.听！他在弹钢琴。（2）表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和atpresent（目前）、thisweek（本周）、thesedays（这几天）等时间状语连用。Whatlessonareyoustudyingthisweek？你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学）现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时，但此时，一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用，而且仅限于少量动词。如：go（去）、come（来）、leave（离开）、start（开始）、arrive（到达）、return（返回）、sleep（睡觉）、⋯AreyougoingtoTianjingtomorrow？你明天去天津吗？HowmanyofyouareComingtothepartynextweek？你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？begoingto+动词原形这一句型表示即将发生的事或打算（准备）做的事，我们把它归在将来时里了。sheisn'tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.她不打算在会议上发言。注意如果没有表示将来时间的状语，此类句子就可能指现在或现阶段的动作。Whereareyougoingnextweek？下周你计划去哪儿？用现在进行时表示将来时，因为有nextweek（下周）这一时间状语。Whereareyougoing？你现在去哪儿？因为没有表示将来时的时间状语，所以就按句型来翻译，即现在进行时。一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一般现在时表示经常性的动作；而现在进行时表示暂时性的动作。Hewalkstowork.他步行上班。（习惯、经常性的动作）He'swalkingtoworkbecausehisbikeisbeingrepaired.他现在走着上班，因为他的自行车正在修理。（只是暂时的情况）Wheredoeshelive？他家住在哪儿？（询问一般的情况）Whereisheliving（staying）？他这几天住在哪儿？（询问暂时一段时间的情况）现在进行时有时可用来代替一般现在时，表达说话人的某种感惰，使句子有强烈的感情色彩。常与always，forever连用。Youarealwaysforgettingtheimportantthing.你总是把重要的事情忘掉。（表达出不满的情绪）Maryisdoingfineworkatschool.玛丽在学校学习得挺不错。（比Marydoesfinework.更富有赞许的意思）常用的动词现在分词play（游玩）—playingwrite（写）—writingstudy（学习）—studyingmake（做）—makingstop（停止）—stoppingtake（取）—takingcut（砍）—cuttingarrive（到达）—arrivingsit（坐）—sittingdrive（驾驶）—drivingrun（跑）—runningmove（移动）—movingswim（游泳）—swimmingcook（烹调）—cookinglive（住）—livinglook（看）—lookingcome（来）—comingspeak（说）—speaking用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls________(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother__________(cook)somenicefoodnow.What_____you______(do)now?Look.They_________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisoursondoing?She______(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.一般疑问句：__________________否定句：_________________2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.一般疑问句：__________________否定句：_________________3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_____________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)________________按要求改写句子1.Theboyisplayingbasketball.否定句：_________________一般疑问句：_____________肯定回答：______否定回答：__________对“Theboy”提问：_______________2.Theyaresingingintheclassroom.否定句：_______________一般疑问句：___________肯定回答：________否定回答：__________对“aresinging”提问：___________对“intheclassroom”提问：_____________用现在进行时完成下列句子:1.What______you______(do)?2.I_______(sing)anEnglishsong.3.What________he________(mend)?4.He_________(mend)acar.6.______she___________(sit)intheboat?7.______you_____________(ask)questions?8.We_______________(play)gamesnow选择填空。()1.Someare_________intheriverandsomeare_____games.A.swiming,skatingB.swimming,skatingC.swimming,skateing()2.Look!Theboystudentsare___footballwhilethegirlsare________.A.playing,danceB.playing,dancingC.play,dancingD.play,dance()4.________he______onwellwithhisfriendsthisterm?A.Dose,getsB.Dose,getC.is,gettingD.Is,geting()5.Mr.Smith______shortstories,buthe______aTVplaythesedays.A.iswriting,iswritingB.iswriting,writesC.writes,iswritingD.writes,writes()6.I_______tothecinema.I_________thereeverySunday.A.go.goB.amgoing,goC.go.amgoingD.amgoing,amgoing()7.Look.they_________agoodtime,_________they?A.have,doB.have,don'tC.arehaving,areD.arehaving,aren't()8.You________aboutthefuture(将来)now,________you?对“isplayingbasketball”提问：_____________A.don'tthink,don'tB.aren'tthinking,aren'tC.don'tthink,doD.aren'tthinking,are用一般现在时或现在进行时填空。MissGuo___(teach)usChinesethisterm.She____(be)averygoodteacher.Sheoften____(talk)withusafterclass.Manyofuslike____(talk)withher.Now,she___(talk)withLilyListen!Who____(read)English?HanMeimeiis.Sheoften_____(read)Englishintheevening.一般现在时和现在进行时练习题()11.Who_____overtherenow?A.singingB.aresingC.issingingD.sing()2.It’seighto’clock.Thestudents___anEnglishclass.A.haveB.havingC.ishavingD.arehaving()3.Listen!Thebaby____inthenextroom.A.cryingB.criedC.iscryingD.cries()4.Look!Thetwins_____newsweaters.A.arewearingB.wearingC.arewearD.iswearing()5.Don’ttalkhere.Grandparents_____.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleep()6.Tomisaworker.He_____inafactory.Hissisters_____inahospital.A.work/workB.works/workC.work/works()7.Who_____Englishbestinyourclass?A.speak