常见时态的用法

常见时态的用法#常见时态的用法一、一般现在时：1.表示习惯性或经常性的动作或状态，常与usually,often,sometimes,确always,seldom,everyday(year,morning…)等表示频率的时间状语连用。Heoftendoeshishomeworkinhisstudy.Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.2.表示客观规律、正确事实或科学真理等。Knowledgecomesonlyfrompractice.※Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.在连词when,while,before,after,until,till,once,if,unless,assoonas,aslongas,bythetime,incase,evenif,themoment/minute/instant,theday/year,immediately等引导的时间(条件、让步)状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来。WhenBillcomes(willcomeX),askhimtowaitforme.We'llgooutforawalkassoonastherainstops.Evenifitrainstomorrow,e,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等动词可以用来表示按照计划、安排将要发生、且不轻易改变的动作（有特定的时间状语）。.Theflighttakesoffatteno'clock.SchoolbeginsonSeptember1st.※Couldyoutellmewhenheback?Whenheback,I'es;comesB.willcome;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome5．试比较：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范动作；第二句now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作。二、一般过去时：1）表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,in1998,twoyearsago,lastmonth,thedaybeforeyesterday,theotherday,when从句等连用.TheRedArmycameintobeingin1927.Arobberbrokeintothebankandrobbedthebankofalotofmoneylastnight.一般过去时还可表示过去发生的一连串动作。Themonkeyjumpedoffthetree,pickedupabigstoneandthrewitatus.2)用于以下固定句型中：Itis(high/about)timethatsb.didsth.早该/r.z.做...Would/hadrathersb.didsth.宁愿某人去/r.z.做…3)wish,wonder,think,hope,know等用过去时，表示的动作都已成为过去，现已不复存在。Oh,it'syou.Ididn'tknowyouwereheretoo.三、一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与soon,tomorrow(morning…),nextweek(year…),someday,fromnowon,thedayaftertomorrow,inthefuture等表将来的时间状语连用。有几种构成方式：Begoingto+动词原形①表示计划、决心，说话前已打算要做的事情。②说话人根据已有的要发生的事情。I'mgoingtobuyanewcarifIhavealotofmoney.Look!Darkcloudsaregathering.Itisgoingtorain.shall/will+动词原形①单纯表将来②表说话时才想到的意愿或决心。Eg:Jackisillinhospital.Ohreally?I.Itoseehim.A.didn'tknow;willgoB.don'tknow;amgoingC.haven'tknown;willgoD.didn'tknow;amgoingbe+todo①按照计划、安排将要做的事情。②(上级对下级、父母对子女)下达命令，意思是“应该…”③表命中注定将要发生的事情。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.Youaretofinishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.ThelittleboyistobecomeaVIP.beaboutto+动词原形或beonthepointofdoing表示即将或正要去做•…不与tomorrow,nextweek等具体的时间状语连用，但可和when从句连用。Iamabouttodo(=amonthepointofdoing)myhomework.be+doing表示按计划安排即将发生的动作，常用于come,go,start,setout,leave,reach,return,move,takeoff,arrive等Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?四■过去将衣来时：wouhldo;was/weregoingtodo;(was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodo;was/weredoing;was/wereonthepointofdoing)一般不能单独使

用，常用在宾语从句和间接引语之中，表示从过去的角度看，将要发生的行为或存在的状Theysaidthattheywouldcallonmesoonerorlater.TomaskedmeifIwasgoingtocallonmyEnglishteacher.Iwasonthepointofphoningyouwhenyourphonearrived.五.现在进行时:be(am,is,are)+doing①表示现在(说话时刻)正在进行或发生的动作；Look!Themonkeyisclimbingthebananatree.②也可表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，说话时未必动作正在进行;Whatareyoudoingthesedays?Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.③一些位移动词可用现在进行时表将来。Heiscomingtoseeyounextweek.※进行时与某些副词(always,constantly,continually,forever)连用，可表赞叹或厌恶等情感。Youarealwaysthinkingofothers.Heisconstantlychanginghismind.六、过去进行时was/weredoing六、过去进行时was表示过去某个时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作，这一特定的过去时间，除了上下文暗示以外，一般和时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有：thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastnight,atthistimeyesterday,when,while等。Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?Iwasreadinganewspaperwhenheknockedatthedoor.Youlookunhappy.What'sthematterwithyou?Nothingmuch.Iwasmissingmyparents.Eg:Idon'tthinkTomsawus;heintospace.A.juststaredwasjuststaringhasjuststaredhadjuststared七、现在完成时have/has+done①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成影响或结果②表示动作或状态过去已经开始，一直持续到现在。常用的时间状语有：already,never,ever,just,before,lately,yet,recently,sofar,uptothepresent,uptillnow,inthepast/lastfewyears,since,“for+段时间”等.Haveyouhadyoursupperyet?Yes,Ihavejusthad

it.(吃过了饭，所以现在不饿)IhavelivedhereinYiyangsinceIwasborn.(动作持续到现在)◎hasbeento去过…(已经回来)MysisterhasbeentotheUSAonce(butsheisbacknow).◎hasgoneto去…了(已去未归)MysisterhasgonetotheUSA(andsheisn'therenow).※当先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时，定语从句中一般用现在完成时。ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveeverread.ThisisthethirdtimeIhavebeenhere.※句中如果有过去的时间副词(如：yeaterday,lastweek,in1990)，要用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.(V)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.(X)※现在完成时中，终止性动词不能与for,since等延续性状语连用，必须改为相应的延续性动词。Diebedeadjoinbefallillbeillinfallillbeillfinishbeoverleave/gobeawaybeginbeonbecomebebuyget/havemarrybemarried(to)borrowkeeparrive/reach/gettobein/at/stayeg:HehasjoinedthePartyfor5years.(x)HehasbeenaPartymemberfor5years.(V)HehasbeeninthePartyfor5years.(V)八、现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，甚至束。Hehasbeenlyinginbedfortwoweeks.(现在还躺着)Wherehaveyoubeen?Ihavebeenlookingforyoueverywhere.(动作刚结束，已不在寻找)某些动词如：work,live,study,teach等用于现在完成进行时和现在完成时意义区别不大。Ihavebeenworking/workedherefor5years.九、过去完成时haddone将来；也可能动作刚结①表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或状态,这个时间可用短语或从句来表示，也可由上下文来暗将来；也可能动作刚结Hehadstudiedherefor3yearsbeforehewenttoEurope.②一些表希望、打算的词，如：hope,want,expect,think,mean,suppose,plan,intend等，常用过去完成时表打算。Ihadexpectedtocomeandhelpyoulastnight,butIwastoobusy.③过去完成时还可用于虚拟语气中，表示与过去事实相反的一种假设IwishIhadworkedharderinthosedays!Ifyouhadcome5minutesearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthefirstbus.④用于固定句型Hardly/Scarcely.•.when.…；Nosooner...than...中,表“一……就……”HardlyhadIarrivedhomewhenitbegantorainhard.(=Ihadhardlyarrivedhomewhen..)Nosoonerhadhegotbetterthanhefellillagain.(=Hehadnosoonergotbetterthan.)几种常用时态之间的比较HelivesinBeijing.他住在北京。（长期性，永久性）HeislivinginBeijing.他现住北京。（临时性，短暂性）Alicewrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.（写了一封信，过去式表动作已完成）Alicewaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.（只强调当时在写，不强调是否写完）3．Hehaslivedhereforfiveyears.（现完表示动作延续到现在，即现在还住这儿。）Helivedhereforfiveyears.（曾经在这住过五年，过去式表动作已完成，即现已不住这。）Wehavediscussedtheproblemwithhim.（已经和他讨论过了。强调对现在的影响）Wehavebeendiscussingtheproblemwithhimallthemorning.（一直在讨论，说话时动作可能还在延续。）—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?（全国I卷）—Yes,sinceshetheChineseSociety.hasjoinedB.joinsC.hadjoinedD.joinedThewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow,whenacoldfronttoarrive.（全国

I卷）A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected3.Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?havebeentaughtSofarthisyearweafallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.（福建卷）sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseenIcalledHnnahmanyYes,Idid.Youknow,timesyesterdayevening,A.isplayingB.wasplayingC.hasplayedD.hadplayed4.IliketheseEnglishsongsandtheyA.isplayingB.wasplayingC.hasplayedD.hadplayed4.IliketheseEnglishsongsandtheymanytimesontheradio.（安徽卷）A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.onthephoneallthetime!湖南卷）A.wastalkingB.hasbeentalkingC.hastalkedD.talked7.—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyouthisjob?湖南卷）—Well,I'mthinkingaboutthesalary•…mybrotherinthematch.（安徽卷）butIcouldn'tgetthrough.Herbrotherofferwillofferareofferedwillbeoffered—I'msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.（江苏卷）—Ithinkso.Heforitformonths.ispreparingwaspreparinghadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparingBythetimeherealizeshe_intoatrap,it'llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.（山东）A.walkswalkedhaswalkedD.hadwalkedDoyouthinkweshouldacceptthatoffer?Yes,weshould,forwe___suchbadluckuptillnow,andtime__out（江西卷）havehad;isrunninghad;isrunninghave;hasbeenrunhavehad;hasbeenrun11Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe__eachotherforyears.knewB.hadknownC.haveknownD.know（辽宁卷）—Haveyougotanyjoboffers?—No.I.（辽宁D.isgirlinthearea___D.isgirlinthearea___invited.（陕西卷）A.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.was16.ThemomentIgothome,IfoundImyjacketontheplayground.（陕西卷）A.hadleftB.leftC.haveleftD.wasleaving17.Thoughwedon'tknowwhatwasdiscussed,yetwecanfeelthetopic_（.陕西卷）A.hadchangedB.willchangeC.waschangedD.hasbeenchanged—Yeah.Everyboyand卷）waitedhadbeenwaitinghavewaitedamwaitingIftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butitallday.（全国II）rainedB.rainsC.hasrainedrainingIftheirmarketingplanssucceed,theytheirsalesby20percent.（全国II）willincreasehavebeenincreasinghaveincreasedwouldbeincreasing—Didyougototheshowlastnight?Thetelephone,butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.（四川卷）hadrungwasringingringshasrungIdon'tbelieveyou'vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook—I___ittoyouthismorning!wouldlendwaslendinghadlentD・lent（浙江卷）What'sthatnoise?（浙江卷）Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachinewastestedwillbetestedisbeingtestedhasbeentested21.—HaveyoureadbookcalledWaitingforAnya?—Who__it?（北京卷）A.writesB.haswrittenC.wroteD.hadwritten22.Thehotelwasn'tparticularlygood.ButIinmanyworsehotels.（北京卷）A.wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed23.Nodecisionaboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.willbemadeB.ismade（北京卷）C.isbeingmadehasbeenmadeHefootballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.（天津卷）wasplayingplayedhasplayedD.hadplayedJudyisgoingtomarrythesailorshe__inRomelastyear.（重庆卷）meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeetHe__asanationalheroforwinningthefirstgoldmetalforhiscountryintheOlympics.regardedB.wasregarded（重庆卷）C.hasregardedD.hadbeenregardedTeenagers__theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.（重庆卷）havedamagedaredamagingdamagedwilldamageDoyouknowifTerrywillgocampingthisweekend?（上海卷）Terry?Never!She___tentsandfreshair!A.hashatedB.hatedYoucanwhenyouC.willhateD.hatesabitolder.29.InrecentyearsA.getB.manyfootballclubs___willgetasbusinesstomakeaC.aregettingD.profit.（上海卷）willhavegetA.haverunB.32.I'msorrytokeephavebeenrunyouwaiting.C.hadbeenrunD.Oh,notatall.Iwillrunhereonlyafewminutes.30.SusandecidednottoA.havebeenworkontheprogramatB.hadbeenhomebecausesheC.wasdidn'twantherparentsD.willbetoknowwhatshe.33.Idon'treallywork（（辽宁卷05）here;IuntiltheA.hasdoneB.newsecretaryarrives.haddoneA.justhelpoutB.C.wasdoingD.havejusthelpedoutisdoingC.amjusthelpingout31.CanIjointheD.willjusthelpoutclub,Dad?34.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.Iherseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meetHelenherkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusbandhome.hasleft;comesleft;hadcomehadleft;camehadleft;wouldcomemyglasses?Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.DoyouseeHadyouseenWouldyouseeHaveyouseenIfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.Sheataradioshopatthetime.hasworkedwasworkinghadbeenworkinghadworkedOh,it'syou!Iyou.I'vejusthadmyhaircutandI'mwearingnewglasses.didn'trecognizehadn'trecognizedhaven'trecognizeddon'trecognizeNancyisnotcomingtonight.Butshe!promisespromisedwillpromisehadpromisedShirleyabookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon'tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenwaswritingTheprice,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.wentdownwillgodownhasgonedownD.wasgoingdownHey,lookwhereyouaregoing?Oh,I'mterriblysorry.I'mnotnoticingIwasn'tnoticingIhaven'tnoticedIdonotnoticeAllthepreparationsforthetask,andwe'pletedcompletehadbeencompletedD.havebeencompletedHowareyoutoday?Oh,I___asillasIdoforalongtime.didn'tfeelB.wasn'tfeelingC.don'tfeelD.haven'tfeltAnewcinemahere.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.willbebuiltisbuilthasbeenbuiltisbeingbuiltJohnandIfriendsfor8years.We

firstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butweeachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadseen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseenThisisTed'sphoto.Wemisshimalot.Hegetstryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.getsA.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling48.Howaretheteamplaying?Theyareplayingwell,butoneofthemhurt.A.gotB.C.areD.wereawordaboutmycoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?I'msorryI-anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit'sprettyonyou.wasn'tsayingdon'tsaywon'tsayD.didn'tsayHeinacomputercompanyfor4years,whichisofgreathelptohispresentjob.workedhasworkedisworkinghadworked49.Youhaven'tsaid49.Youhaven'tsaidYousomething.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zhaveleftB.arealwaysleavingC.areleavingD.alwaysleftIsobusilyrecentlythatInotimetohelpyouwithyourmath.That'sOK.Icanmanageitbymyself.havebeenworking;havehaveworked;hadamworking;willhavehadbeenworking;hadhadRemembertosendmeaphotoofusnexttimeyoutome.arewritingwillwritehaswrittenwriteHeatthemeeting,buthisheartattackpreventedhim.willspeakisgoingtospeakhadtospeakwasgoingtospeakIbegyourpardon,butIdidn'tquitecatchyou.Oh,Imyself.amtalkingtotalkedabouthavetalkedtowastalkingtoIping-pongquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplaysincetheNewYear.willplayhaveplayedplayedplayIfirstmetTom10yearsago.Heinaradiofactoryatthattime.hadworkedhasworkedwasworkinghasbeenworkingWhatwhenIphonedyou?Imywork,andIwantedtogoout.haveyoudone;finishedwereyoudoing;havefinisheddidyoudo;hadjustfinishedwereyoudoing;hadjustfinishedHaveyoufinishedthereport?No.Iitallthisweek.willdohaddonehavedoneD.havebeendoingIcanguessyouwereinahurry.Youyoursweaterinsideout.hadwornworewerewearingarewearingWe___thatyouwouldfixtheTVsetthisweek.

I'msorry.Itofixitthisweek,butI'vebeentoobusy.hadexpected;hadintendedareexpecting;hadintendedexpect;intendexpected;intendWhy?Tom,yourshirtissodirty!Mum,Imystoreroomdownstairs.cleanedhavecleanedwascleaninghavebeencleaningTheywon'tbuynewclothesbecausetheymoneytobuyasavearesavinghavesavedweresavingThetrafficinourcityisalreadygoodanditevenbetter.getsB.gotC.hasgotD.isgettingIwillcometoattendyourlectureat10:00tomorrow.I'msorry,bythenmylecturewillhaveendedandImyguestsinmyoffice.isbeingmetwillmeetwillbemeetingnewhouse.D.willhavemetnewhouse.Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.Really?Where?hasshebeenhadshebeenhasshegonehadshegoneIknowMr.Brown;wetoeachotherataninternationalconference.areintroducedarebeenintroducedwereintroducedhadbeenintroducedWheredoyouthinkhethecomputer?Sorry.Ihavenoidea.has;boughtB.不填;boughtC.did;buyD.不填;buysDon'tbothertolookformydictionaryitsomeday.turnsuphasturnedupwillturnupisgoingtoturnupWhatdoyouthinkofthiskindofTVset,whichinShanghai?Well,Idon'tcareaboutsuchthings.wasmadeismadehasbeenmadehadbeenmadeDidhenoticeyouentertheroom?Idon'tthinkso.Hetotheradiowithhiseyesshut.listenedwaslisteninghaslistenedD.hadlistenedTheplaneat7:00pm,soIhavetobeattheairportby6:40atthelatest.hasleftwouldleavewillhaveleftleavesThetrainatthepresentspeeduntilitreachesthefootofthemountainataboutnineo'clocktonight.wentisgoinggoeswillbegoingIusedtodrinkalotofteabutthesedaysIcoffee.preferpreferredhadpreferredampreferringThevegetablesdidn'ttasteverygood.Theytoolong.hadbeencookedwerecookedhavecookedcooked--Rememberthefirsttimewemet,Jim?--OfcourseIdo.Youinthelibrary.werereadinghadreadhavereadreadIwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseItheclothwell.havetold;washeshavebeentold;washeswastold;washedhavebeentold;iswashedIsTomstillsmoking?No.BynextSaturdayheforawholemonthwithoutsmokingasinglecigarette.willbewillhavegonewillhavebeenhasbeengoingBettythismorning?Notyet,butsheissuretobeherebeforenoon.HaveyouseenWillyouseeDoyouseeDidyousee?Jimtalkedforabouthalfanhouryesterday.Neverhimtalksomuch.IheardB.didIhearC.IhadheardhadIheardLookattheblackclouds.Itsoon.Sure.Ifonlyweout.israining;didn'tcomeistorain;won'tstartwillrain;haven'tstartedisgoingtorain;hadn'tcomeHe___articlesforourwall-newspaperthesethreeyears,andheaboutfortyarticles.hasbeenwriting;haswrittenhasbeenwriting;wroteiswriting;hasbeenwritinghaswritten;haswrittenShetotheofficethanshegotdowntowritingthereport.A.hasnosoonergothadhardlygotnosoonergothadnosoonergotWhenhewasalive,theoldscientistusedtosaythatknowledge___frompractice.A.wascominghadcomecomeswouldcomeDon'tforgettobringmynewbookstomorrowafternoon.No,I.don'tB.doC.won'tD.willIdecidedtogotothelibraryassoonasIfinishedwhatIwasdoingfinishedwhatIdidwouldfinishwhatIwasdoingfinishwhatIdidYouwon'tknowwhetherthecoatfitsyouuntilyouiton.willtryB.havetriedC.triedD.aretryingMydictionary.Ihavelookedforiteverywherebutstillit.haslost;don'tfindismissing;don'tfindhaslost;haven'tfoundismissing;haven'tfounditwithmeandI'llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftLeavingIfyouleaveLeaveHowareyouplanningtotraveltoShanghai?Iyet,butItakingatrain.A.didn'tdecide;amconsideringhaven'tdecided;considerhaven'tdecided;amconsideringhadn'tdecided;haveconsideredExcuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?Ofcourse.Whatisit?Iifyoucouldtakemetothestation.A.wouldwonderdidwonderwaswonderinghadwonderedGotyourdrivinglicense?No.Itoobusytohaveenoughpractice,soIdidn'ttakethedrivingtestlastweek.I'mgoingtonextweek.A.wasB.havebeenC.amD.hadbeenWiththedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnologytothefieldofIT.A.hasintroducedisbeingintroducedisintroducedwasintroducedWho'sthemanoverthere?It'sJack.Oh?inItaly.A.Ithinkhe'sB.I'vethoughthe'sbeenC.IthoughthewasI'dthoughthe'dbeenIdroppedinatyourhouseatabouttenlastnight,butyouweren'tin.Iregularexercisesattheclub.A.didB.wasdoingC.h