英语阅读理解专题练习含解析

（英语英语阅读解专题习(及答案含解析一、高英语阅读理1．阅读理解WhatTheresaLoedoingprovesthatalargefarmisn'tprerequisiteforagrow-your-lifestyle.Onamere1/10acreinLosAngeles,andherfamilygrow,can(装罐andpreservemuchofthetheyconsume.Loeamasterfoodpreserver,gardenerandcanningexpert.Shealsooperateswebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryonehastheabilitycontrolwhat'sontheirplate.Loeinitiallywenttoschoolanengineer,quicklylearnedherenthusiasmwasmainlyaboutgrowingandpreparingherfood.“gotintocookingfoodandstartedmyherbs(香)foodsforthatfreshflavor,shesaid.Engineerday,Loelearnedcookingatnightschool.Sheultimatelypurchasedasmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.“Iteachpeoplehowtolivefarm-freshwithoutafarm,Loesaid.ThroughherwebsiteLoeemphasizesthat''anybodydothis”Gotapartmentbalcony台?Plantsomeherbs.Awindow?Perfectspotforgrowing.Startwithherbs,sherecommends,because“they'reveryforgiving.”Justaoftheherbs“cantakeregularcookingtoanewlevel,”sheadded.thinkit'sagreatplaceto”Trygrowingsomethingfromaseed,shesaid,atomatoorsomeCanninganaturalextensionofplantingshedoes.Withplantedfood,noted,there'saburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.“Itryandkeepinatimecapsuleincanningjar,Loesaid.“Canningformeaboutknowingwhat'sinyourfood,knowingwherecomesfrom.”Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwithfoodshe'seating,anotherjoyfrompassingthisandthisdesireforgoodfoodtochildren:“Influencingthemandtellingthemyouropinionononlybeingcarefulwebutunderstandingthebiggerpicture,”shesaid,“thatifwedon'ttakeofearth,onewill.”（）underlinedword“prerequisite”(Para.isclosestmeaningto“A.recipesubstituteC.requirementD.challenge（）doesLoesuggeststartingwithherbs?A.TheyareusedB.Theyareeasytogrow.TheygrowveryD.Theycaneatenuncooked.（）Loe,isthebenefitofcanningherplantedfoods?A.Itcanpreservetheirbestflavor.B.canpromoteheronlineItcanbetterhercookingD.Itcanimprovetheirnutrition.（）is“thebiggerpicture”(Para.6)thatwishesherchildrenunderstand?A.Theknowledgeaboutfood.Theliveagrow-our-ownThejoygettingintouchfoods.D.Theresponsibilitytoprotectourearth【答案】（）

（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记文，讲述了一个名叫的女性的故Loe是自种植现生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。(1)考词义猜测。根据第一段中“Onaanacre…andpreserveofthefoodthey”可知面积并不是硬要求Loe在里所做的一切证明，一个大农场“自己种植现生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选。(2)考细节理解。根据第四段中“Startherbs…Justoftheherbs…”可香草很容易生长。故选。(3)考细节理解。根据第五段中“thereisawhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.'Itrytoitinatimecapsuleacanning可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选。(4)考词义猜测。根据最后一段中“thatwedon'ttakecaretheearth,noone”可thebiggerpicture的是保护地球的责任。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Dogslovetogetoutstretchtheirlegs,whichnotonlyhelpstokeepshape,butenablesthemtheextrapoundsoff.Pethikingpopularrecently,gettingdogsoffthesidewalk.Threeyearsago,DenverresidentBrittanyReddingwasstressedworkinghoursawhilestudyinggraduateschoolfull-time.onlythingthathelpedwastakingfourdogshiking."That'swhenithitthatIshoulddothatasajob."shesays.AftergraduatinginJune2016,foundedTakeaHpany,likeanumberofothersaroundthecountry,takesdogstoexploretheneighborhood.Beforetakingonthetracks,Brittanymeetsdogandhisorhertogetasenseofthepet'scharacter.Thensheschedulesmeet-and-greetwithotherdogsthatwilljointhehiketobesuretomatchtheirpersonalities.Eachhikingabouthourslongandincludestransportationtoandfromthetrackforaround$70perouting."Hikingallowsdogslomeetnewfriendsandexplorenewtracks,smells,andwildlife,"sheexplains.MichaelMizenkothinkssendinghispet,Ajax,onhikeswithTakeHikehasahappierdog.Overpasttwoyears,hikingtaughtAjaxhowtostayoffpavement,moresocialcalminthecar.hasmadehimaflexibleeasygoingguy."Michaelsays.（）pethikingpopularinthesedays?A.Dogsstronglydesiretheirownerstohiking.

B.Animalhealthspecialistsrecommendpeopletodoit.isbeneficialforpets'shapeandhealth.D.Theowner'shouseisnotenoughfordogs.（）isparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.WhyBrittanyfoundedTakeaHike.B.HowthestudylifeofBrittanywas.C.TakeaHikeispopularintheneighborhood.D.DoghikinghasbroughtgreattoBrittany.（）Brittanytomakesurebeforetakinghercustomers'dogstohiking?A.Thedistanceofthetrack.B.Thecharacterofeachdog.C.Theenvironmentofthetrack.D.Theemotionsofbothdogsandtheirowners.（）oftendoesMichaelMizenkosendhishikeaHike?A.Everyday.B.Onceweek.C.Twiceweek.D.Everyotherweek.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇新闻报道，宠物徒步旅行变得很流行，这对宠物的身形和健康有好处。丹佛居民BrittanyRedding创了TakeaHike公司，专门负责带着宠物狗去徒步旅行。（）查推理断。根据第一段中“lovetogetoutstretchtheirlegs,whichnotonlyhelpsshape,enablesthemtokeepextrapoundsPethikingbeenpopularrecently,gettingdogsoffthesidewalk.狗欢到外面伸展腿部，这不仅有助于保持体形，还可以减少多余的体重。因此带宠物徒步旅行变得很流行的原因在于它对宠物的身形和健康有好处。故选C。（）查段落意。根据第二段“Threeyearsago,DenverresidentBrittanyReddingstressedout,working60hoursweekwhilestudyinggraduateschoolfull-time.Theonlythingthathelpedwastakingherhiking.‘That'swhenitthatIshoulddothatasa’sheways.AftergraduatinginJunefoundedTakeHpany,likeaofothersaroundthecountry,dogstoexploretheneighborhood.可，三年前丹佛居民BrittanyRedding在全日制研究生院学的同时每周还要工作60个小时，这使她感到压力重重。只有一件事能够让她感到放松：带她的四只狗徒步旅行。就在那时她想到她应该把带狗徒步旅行当作自己的工作。于是2016年月业后，她创立了TakeHike公司。因此第二段主要谈论的是Brittany创TakeaHike公司的原因。故选。（）查细节解。根据第三段中“Beforetakingontracks,Brittanymeets

doghisorownergetasenseofthepet'scharacter.”可知，在开始徒步旅行之前，Brittany与只狗及其主人见面以了解宠物的性格。即Brittany要在带上顾客的狗去远足之前了解每只狗的性格。故选。（）查细节解。根据最后一段中“Mizenkothinkssendinghispet,Ajax,onhikesahasAjaxahappierdog.”可知，MichaelMizenko认，每周一次的徒步旅行使他的宠物Ajax变得更快乐。因此MichaelMizenko每周将宠物送到TakeHike公司参加一次徒步旅行。故选B【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解Payingahigherpricethanusualforatickettoseeafilminisannoyanceofmanyacinema-goer'sButtheremaybeabenefittodoingso,asastudyhasthatfilmsexercisebrainandshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaybrain-trainingtests.Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhoin3Dimprovedcognitive(认知comparedthose2D.Theresearchwasledbyneuroscientist(神学)DrPatrickFaganfromGoldsmithsUniversityinLondon.than100peopletookpartintheexperiment,whereparticipantswatchedDisneyfilmeitherstandardformatorRealD3D.Theyalsocarriedabrain-training-styletestbeforeandafterseeingasectionfromthefilm.Thetestcoveredmemory,reactionandcognitivefunctionandtheresultswerecomparedlater.Accordingtotheresearch,whichwascarriedoutinpartnershipwithsciencegroupThrillLaboratory,participantsexperienced23percentincreasecognitiveprocessing,aswellas11percentincreaseinreactiontimes.DrFagansaidtheresultsshowedenoughofimprovementinbrainfunctiontosuggestthatcouldplayapartimprovingbrainpowerinthefuture."Thesefindingsmoresignificantthanthink,"hesaid.factpeoplearelivinglongerandtherenoticeabledeclineincognitivebrainfunctioninoldagewhichcanworsenfuturequalityoflife.Therehasneverbeenabettertolookatwaysbrainfunction.initialresultsofthisstudyshowthat3Dfilmsmaypotentiallyaroleslowingthisdecline."Apartofinvolvedthosewatchingthefilmbeingfittedwithheadsetsthatbrainactivityandtooheightened(强的activitywhenwatching3D.Accordingtotheresults,participantsweresevenpercentmoreengagedwithwhattheywatching,addingtoargumentthat3Dmoviesaremorelikewatching—somethingProfessorWalkerThrillLaboratoryagreedwith."AsProfessorBrendanWalker'stestconcluded,filmsmoreattractiveandheightensenses—this,turn,makesthebrainatquickerspeeds,"Drsaid.

（）theresearch,peoplewatchingamoviein3D________.A.goodexercisefortheirbrainB.losetheirshortmemoryofplotsarewillingtopayhighpriceforticketsreactwayasthosewatchingitin2D（）belearnedtheresearch?A.Watchingfilmslimitsbrainfunction.B.3DbeacontributingfactorinimprovingbrainThetestwascarriedoutafterthewholefilmwasviewed.Theparticipantstookthebrain-training-styletestonce.（）8ismainlyabout________.A.theapplication3DB.thedisadvantagesoffilmstheinbrainfunctionthesignificanceofthestudy（）textismostlikelyappear________.A.sportsnewspaperB.abiologytextbookC.asciencemagazineafilmreview【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。(1细理解题。根据第二段asstudyhasfoundthat3Dfilmsexercisebrainandshort-termfunctioningasimilarwaytobrain-trainingtests.可知，看电能锻炼脑。故选A(2推判断题。根据第二段Buttherebeabenefittodoingso,asastudyfoundthatfilmsexercisethebrainandimproveshort-termfunctioninginasimilarwaybrain-training可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。故选B。(3段大意题。根据第八段第一句Thesefindingsmoresignificantthink（这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。(4推判题电是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。4．阅读理解Anxietyhasnowsurpasseddepressionasthemostmentalhealthdiseasecollegestudents,thoughdepression,too,isontherise.Morethanhalfstudentsvisitingcampusclinicsciteanxietyasahealthconcern,accordingtoarecentstudyofmorethanstudentsnationwidetheCenterforCollegiateMentalHealthatPennState.Nearlyoneincollegestudentshasbeendiagnosedwithortreatedforanxietywithinthelast12months,accordingtheannualnationalsurveybyCollegeHealthAssociation.Thecausesrangewidely,expertssay,frommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentsengagementwithsocialmedia.Anxietyhasalwaysplayedarolethedevelopmentofastudent'slife,butnowmorestudentsexperienceanxietysoacutethatare

seekingprofessionalhelp.Likemanycollegeclinics,theCenterforCounselingandPsychologicalServicestheUniversityCentralFlorida—oneofthecountry'slargestandfastest-growinguniversities,hasseensharpincreasesinthenumberofclients:percentoverlastyearalone.Anxietyhascharacteristicofthecurrentgenerationofcollegestudents,saidDanJones,thedirectorofCounselingPsychologicalServicesatAppalachianStateUniversityBoone,Becauseincreasinglypressuresduringhighschool,heandotherexpertsstudentsarriveatcollegepreloadedwithstress.Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversight,manyseemunabletogovernthemselves.Andwithparentssoaccessible,studentshavehadlessincentivetodevelopcan'ttoleratediscomfortorhavingstruggle,Jonessaid.often,anxietyisandtemporary,theindicationstudentunderthecontrolofanormaldevelopmentalissue-learningtimemanagement,example,orhandlerejectionfromsorority.anxietyisoftentreatableearly,modestinterventions.tocareforrisingnumbersofseverelytroubledstudents,manycounselingcentershavetotriageprotocols(分措).Thatmeansthatstudentswithurgentwaitseveralforfirstappointments.Likemanycollegecounselingcenters,UCFhasdesignedavarietydailyworkshopsandtherapygroupsthatimplicitlyandexplicitlyaddressanxiety,depressionandtheirtriggers.centertestanewfortreatinganxietywithaseven-modulecognitivebehavioralprogram,accessiblethroughastudent'sphoneandwithbriefvideoconferenceswithatherapist.Italsoofferssemester-long,weeklytherapygroups,as“KeepingandinControl“MindfulnessforDepression”and“BuildingSocialConfidence-forstudentsstrugglingsocialanxiety.（）offollowingcontributestoanxietyaccordingtothetext?A.Protectionteachers.B.Anappstudents'phones.Increasinglylearningpressure.Managementoftimelearning.（）theunderlinedword“incentive”Paragraph3probablymean?A.Prevention.B.Motivation.C.Acquisition.Direction.（）thepurposethosetherapygroupsmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.helpstudentssufferinganxiety.B.TotestwhatsocialanxietyTointroducethecognitivebehavioralprogramofemphasizeandconfidence.（）offollowingbebestforthetext?A.TipsondealingwithanxietyB.CausesanxietydepressionDifferentdiseasesthreatencollegestudents

Collegehealthcenterswithanxiousstudents【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。（）节解题。据第二段内容Thecausesrangewidely,expertssay,frommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentstoengagementwithsocialmedia（专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交媒体的强迫性依赖）可知项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选C。（）义猜测题。根据上句内容Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversight,seemunabletothemselves.（多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能力。）故这里递进的句子withparentssoaccessible,studentshavehadlessincentivetodeveloplife（由于家长总在身边，学生们普遍缺乏学习独立生活技能的________。，项动”最符合语境，故划线单词意思“动力，选。（）节解题。据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样，也置了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选A。（）旨意。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最见心理问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选D作标题最合适。5．阅读理解Giventherecentinterestingreenbuildingsinthemedia,let'sthinkdifferently.Insteadoffocusingonincreasingsupplyenergy,whatwefocusreducingdemand?Canstartwithendingtheopen-doorpracticeofstreet-frontshops?Whilecoolairfromtheserefreshingtopedestrians,carriesacost.Energyisusedintheairconditioningprocess.Soitmustbepossibletolookforchangesinregulationswouldencouragemoreenergy-savingdesigns.Forinstance,weceilingair-conditioninghomescouldsurelybeavoidedforpartofyear.Ceilingfansfarlessenergy.aairconditionerscouldstayifceilingfanswerefixed.Inhomesbuiltthesmall-housepolicyTerritories,theceilingmaybeforceilingfans.Ifbuildingheightregulationrelaxed,ceilingfanscouldbefixedtoreduceenergyuse.Currentthinkinginsustainablebuildingdesignandoperationinvolves协调统一的design,thatbringtogetherallpartiestocreateabuildingwithbetterperformancethatachievesenergyreduction.

Forintegrateddesigntosucceed,allpartiesmustcometogetherandthinkbeyondeachperson'scircleofinfluence.Bettersolutionsareimpossibletoavoidwithintegrateddesign.Buildingswouldnolongerbeengineeredafterthearchitecturewasbuilt.Positiveprojectoutcomesmayincludeair-conditioningload,poweruseelectriclighting,areductiontheofmaterialsused.WeneedtoaskifarereadytolookbeyondowncirclesandseekanapproachtobuildingthatIintegrateddesignresultinginmoresustainablebuildings.（）theauthor'sattitudetowardstheopen-doorpracticeofthestreetshops?A.Supportive.Disapproving.C.Optimistic.D.Uncaring.（）doestheauthorsuggestceilingfans?A.followanpractice.helpenergyuse.Tocompletelyreplaceconditioners.Tohelpcutdownondailyexpenses.（）thetomakingsustainablebuildingsareality?A.Allpartiesshouldgetstartedatthesametime.B.ThebasicarchitectureshouldbefinishedProperdesignperformancetoachieveenergyreduction.Seekingthesmall-housepolicysomesuccessfularchitects.（）bethebestforthetext?A.Wasteless,betterB.Goodbye,airconditioningtheenergycostD.Greenbuildingsforintegrateddesign【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文属于议论文。作者认为街边商店开放空调的做法虽然给人以凉爽的空气，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计，安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用电等能源。（）理判断。根据第二段Canstartwithendingopen-doorpracticeofstreet-frontshops?coolfromtheseshopsisrefreshingpedestrians,carriesacost.Energyisusedintheairconditioningprocess.知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人神，但open-doorpractice带来了成本，在空调降低温度过程中消耗能量。可知是持不赞成的态度的。故答案选项（）节理解。根据第三段ceilingfans,air-conditioningcouldsurelybeavoidedforpartofyear.Ceilingfansusefarlessenergy.如我们按装吊扇，空调住宅一年中大部分时间可不用空调。吊扇使用的能量要少得多。由此可知建议安吊扇是因为能减少能源的使用。故答案选B项（）理判断。根据第5段了使集成设计成功，各方必须团结起。找出更好的解决方案。这种恰当的正确的设计结果，可以减少空调负荷，减少电力照明用电，减少使用材料的数量。（projectoutcomesincludereducedair-conditioningload,power

useforelectriclighting,andareductionintheamountofmaterialsused.）故答C符题意。故答案选项。（）旨意。作者认为商店开放空调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安吊扇的节能环保的做法。这就需要要建筑房屋前统一的综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的节约的环保绿色的建筑。因此本文最好的标题是绿色建筑呼唤集成设计。故D项合题意。【点评】主旨大意阅读理解题解题技巧：抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的重”；考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的；分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。6．阅读理解3o'clockandyou'vebeenhardatwork.yousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakegoaway.Butitdoesn't.Hereanothersituation.youarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatbigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmomtomakesickasachild.Foodcravingsstrongdesireforspecifictypeoffood.Andtheynormal.ScientiststhewebsiteStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerafairlysimpleconnectionbetweentheandthebrain.evensimply“stomachhunger.”Whenourstomachsallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone尔蒙sendsamessagetoonepartofbrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchthirst,hungerandsleep.brainthenachemicaltostarttheappetiteyoueat.isafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates(使跃brainareasrelatedemotion,reward.areareasthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistsfoodcravingshunger.PeopleoftencravefoodsthathighfatandFoodsthathighinfathighsugarproducechemicalsthebrain.chemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Inastudy,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityfoodcraving.So,moreyoudenyyourselfathatyouwant,themoreyoucraveit.However,fastingabitdifferent.foundthateatingnofoodatforshortperiodoflessenedcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainbemoretoblamethanyourstomach.（）isfunctionoffirstparagraph?A.readersofownspecialfood.deepentheunderstandinghunger.ToreportdiscoveryofcravingD.Toleadtothetopicthepassage.（）dolearnaboutfoodcraving?A.Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.B.Itensuresasurviveshunger.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.

（）thelikelyresultofdieting?A.Thedecreaseofchemicals.Theincreaseoffooddesire.Therefusaloffatandsugar.D.Thedisappearanceappetite.（）thepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.B.hungerisabout.Thefindingsofcraving.dietingmaybringus.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是说明文，主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。食物与情感有关系，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。(1)目意图题。根据第一段最后一句Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.And可，第一段是了引导整篇文章的话题。故答案选D。(2)推判断题。根据第三段最后一句Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.And可，食物与情有关系。故答案选。(3)推判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasespossibilityoffoodcraving.可，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。故答案选。(4)主大意题。根据最后一段So,thenextyoucravesomethingspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretothanyourstomach.本主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。故答案选C。【点评】说明文主题和文章大意的技巧：应对文章主题和中心大意考题时，寻找和发现文章主题句就是关键。这个主题句一般具有如下特点：表的意思比较概括。句结构简单，大多数时候，不采用长句、难句的形式。段的其他句子必定是用来解或发挥主题句所表达的主题思想的。④主句的位置除别情况下是在文中的句子，大多数情况下，主题句往往是在段首和段尾。所以，在阅读文章时，要特别注意文章的首段、首句和末句。7．阅读理解There'sasongthegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledTroubleTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartthereasonwhytherearesomanyintheworldthelacktolerancepeople.understandstoo–––that'swhyitNov16th“InternationalDayforTolerance”.Butfirstoftolerance?AccordingtoFrenchphilosopherVoltaire,tolerancetheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty脆)anderror;letuspardoneachother's––isfirstlawofnature.”Veryoften,peopledon'trealizethatthey'reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasatodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN'sinpartthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehavioroftowardisintolerantbecausedon'tput

themselvesintheshoesofwomen.worththinkingaaboutthewords“toleranceand“intolerance”.Aretheythebestwordstodescribeevilsofwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.someonetolerated,impliesthatthere'ssomethingthem.whatVoltairesaidstands:Weareperfectthisweaknessissomethingthatallshare.That'sthereasonweshouldbetolerant.alikegenerosity.Wecangivethingsanotherperson,andwecangiveforgiveness.（）thepurposethe“InternationalDayForToleranceA.arousepeople'sawarenessoftoleranceamongpeople.B.TocelebratethefoundingoftheTosolvetheproblemglobalwarming.D.Tochangepeopledopiniontowardsglobalization.（）domenintolerantlyA.Becausemendon'trealizepurposetheUN.BecausemenphysicallystrongerthanBecausedon'tappreciatetheshoesofwomen.D.Becausearenotwillingtounderstandwomen.（）isitmeaninglesstousethewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”?A.BecausearehardtopronounceinEnglish.B.theydon'texpresstheexactmeaningpeoplereferto.Becausecan'tbetranslatedintootherlanguages.Becausecan'tinarespectfulway.（）senseis“tolerance”similarto“generosityA.areadvisedtotreatothersbetter.B.leanttofindfaultsinothers.needtogivesomethingtoothers.willchangetheirattitudestoothers.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇议论文。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。（）查推理断题。根据第一段二、三两“Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasontheremanyproblemsintheworldislackoftolerancepeople.Theunderstandsthistoothat'swhymadeNov'InternationalforTolerance'.”可推，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把11月16日设置为国际宽容日是了唤起人们的包容意识。故答案选。（）查推理断题。根据第三段尾“often,thebehavioroftowardintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheofwomen.可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故答案选。

（）查推理断题。根据倒数第二段后三“Aretheybestrdsdescribeevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe'tolerant'ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.someonetolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，因此推断使用宽或不容”是有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。故答案选。（）理判断。根据最后一段最后两“likegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,wecangiveforgiveness.”可断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容有点像慷慨。故答案选C。【点评】本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。8．阅读理解headsarebetterthanone.meansthatpeopleworkingtogetherhavebetterchanceofsolvingathanalone.Butlikesworkinginagroup.Therebenumberofreasonswhypeopledislikegroupwork.maynervousoruneasyingroupsituations.Othershavehadabadexperienceindividualswhonotworkwellasateam.Anotherthatteachersorinstructorstoproviderolesforgroupmembers.ThismaycreateasituationwhereornotoWhatevertheissue,theresultisthesame:thedoesnotrealizegoal.Cooperative(合的learningisaneducationalthatcanhelptosolveproblem.Therearemethodsofcooperativelearning.Todaywilltalkaboutone:givingeachpersoninasmallgroupaspecificreachsharedgoal.Forexample,learnersdividedintogroupsoffourpeopleeach,theirrolesmightbe:leader,writer,checkerandspeaker.Thisstructurehelpsensurethateveryonetakespartequallyingroupworkandallowseachmembertoplayameaningfulpartincompletingsharedgoal.Beforedividinglearnersintogroups,isaideafortheteacherclub'sinstructortohaveknowledgeaboutthelanguagelevelsofparticipants.Thegoalismakeeachgroupmixtureofhigher-andlower-levellanguagelearners.Puttingpeoplewithsimilarlevelstogethercouldmaketheworktoodifficultoreasy.Rolecardscanbehelpfultoolinthismethodofcooperativelearning.Theirpurposeislearnersofeachperson'srole.Beforecooperativeactivity,roleoftheteacheractivityinstructorisexplaintwothingsthegroup:jobfortheactivityandhowthecooperativeroleswork.ThepersoninchargemayappointtheserolesorlettheEnglishlearnerschoosethem.Then,duringtheactivity,theinstructor'sjobtowatchthegroupsandprovidemoreguidanceneeded.Afteractivity,theinstructormaywishtoprovidefeedbacktogroupsontheirworktheiruseofcooperation.Withthiscooperativelearningmethod,youcansaythatheadsarebetterthanjustone.（）theoutcomepeopledonotenjoywork?A.Theaimofthegroupcannotbeachieved.Specificroleswillbegiventogroup

members.Groupwillfeeleaseingroups.D.Groupmemberswilltoworkindividually.（）doestheteachertoknowaboutthosetakeintheactivity?A.findoutlanguagelearnerswithsimilarlevels.B.Toclarifyhigher-andlower-levellanguagelearners.Tocombinelearnerswithdifferentlanguagelevels.Toincreasedifficultyinfinishingthework.（）offollowingabouttheroleofinstructors?A.offermemberstimelyhelpateachstep.B.Tolistentotheresponsefromgroupmembers.TohelptheEnglishlearnerschoosetheirfavouriteroles.D.Tomakeclearaboutthetaskandworkingprinciplesofroles.（）offollowingthebestofthepassage?A.TwoBetterthanOne.B.CooperationaMustinLearning.GroupGreatDifferenceLearners'Achievement.CooperativeLearningContributestheSuccessGroupWork.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议文，论述了合作学习有助于团队工作的成功。（）查细节解。根据第二段中“Whatevertheissue,theresultthesame:thegroupdoesnotrealizeitsgoal.可知，如果人们不喜欢团队工作，该织的目的不能实现。故选A。（）查细节解。根据第四段中“Beforedividinglearnersgroups,isagoodideafortheteacherorclub'sinstructortofirsthaveknowledgeabout