人教新课标unit4基础练习

基础练习Ⅰ.词汇知识1．(n.)地震→(同义词)(n.)地震2．(vi.)爆裂；爆发；(n.)突然破裂；爆发→(过去式)→(过去分词)3．(n.)事件；大事4．(n.)民族；国家；国民→(adj.)民族的；国家的5．(n.)废墟；毁灭；(vt.)毁灭；使破产6．(adj.)极度的→(adv.)极度地7．(vt.)损害；伤害→(n.)损害；伤害8．(vt.)毁坏→(n.)破坏，毁灭9．(adj.)无用的；无效的；无益的→(反义词)有用的→(n.)用途；(vt.)使用10．(vt.&vi.)(使)震惊；震动；(n.)休克；打击；震惊→(adj.)令人震惊的→(adj.)感到震惊的11．(n.&vt.)援救；营救12．(vt.)使陷入困境；(n.)陷阱；困境13．vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏14．n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处答案：；quake；burst；burst4．nation；national；extremely；injury；destruction；useless；use；shock；shockedⅡ.重点短语1．right立刻；马上2．as仿佛；好像3．anend结束；终结4．ruins严重受损；破败不堪5．dig掘出；发现6．(great)numberof许多；大量的7．judge根据/由……判断8．comeof从……里面出来9．ofthousandsof数十万的10．thenorthofthecity在城市以北答案：from8．outⅢ.必背句型1．Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity，whotheseevents，wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当作一回事，那天晚上照常上床睡觉了。答案：thoughtlittleof2．Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecity.在可怕的十五秒钟内，一座大城市变成了废墟。答案：layinruins3．nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。答案：Everywheretheylooked4．Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthoseandtoburythedead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。答案：whoweretrapped5．theworldwasatanend!似乎世界末日来临了。答案：Itseemedasif6．hopewaslost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。答案：All；notⅠ.品句填词1．Theyall(爆发)outlaughingatthejoke.答案：burst2．Boththedriverswere(受伤)intheaccident.答案：injured3．Alotofbuildingslayin(废墟)aftertheearthquake.答案：ruins4．Hisparentsandhislittlebrotherlosttheirlivesinthe(灾难).答案：disaster5．Nowinsomecountriesthousandsofpeoplearelivingin(极度的)poverty.答案：extreme6．Theenemyfellintoa(圈套)andwedefeatedthem.答案：trap7．Thesoldiersbuiltmany(避难所)forthosewholosttheirhomes.答案：shelters8．Theoldcouplewereatlast(营救，援救)bythelocalpeople.答案：rescued9．hasbeen(掩埋)inhisresearchformorethan3hours.答案：buried10．Theywere(震惊)atthenewsthathehadcheatedsomuchmoney.答案：shockedⅡ.选词填空eq\x(digout；injure；rightaway；thinklittleof；inruins；blowaway；atanend；thenumberof)1．Ithinkwemustgetintouchwithhim.答案：rightaway2．Afterthebigfire，alloftheirhouseswere.答案：inruins3．Idon’tknowwhentheirpartywillbe.答案：atanend4．Itisreportedthatpeoplewhowerekilledintheroadaccidentreachedmorethan8.答案：thenumberof5．Itissaidthattheyhavealotoftreasurefromthattomb.答案：dugout6．Hemyadviceandthatmademeveryangry.答案：thoughtlittleof7．Suddenlyastrongwindcameandtheroofsoftheirnewhouses.答案：blewaway8．Hewassadthatoneofhisbestfriendswasbadlyinanaccident.答案：injuredⅢ.单项填空1．—Manypeoplearesufferingfromtheearthquake.—Iandclothesshouldbesenttothem.A．onpurpose B．atpresentC．rightaway D．eversince解析：选C。句意为：地震灾区的人们正在受苦受难，食物和衣服应该“立即(rightaway)”送给他们。onpurpose故意地；atpresent目前；eversince从那以后。2．AfterWorldWarⅡ，manyofthecitiesacrosswesternEuropeancountries.A．liedinruin B．layinruinsC．layinruin D．lyinginruins解析：选B。根据句意，B为正确答案。lie作处于某种状态解时，为不规则动词，其过去式为lay；inruins为固定搭配，意思是“成为废墟；破败不堪”。3．(2022年荆州质检)inthebook，hedidn’thearthesound.A．Burying B．TobeburiedC．Havingbeenburied D．Buried解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语buriedinthebook在句子中作原因状语，类似的用法有lostinthought，seatedinthechair，dressedinred等。4．Inasuddenofanger，themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.A．crack B．burstC．move D．change解析：选B。crack“噼啪声”；burst“猛烈爆发”；move“移动”；change“改变”。根据句意，B正确，inasuddenburstofanger意思是“突然发怒了”。5．—Youhavelotsoffriends，right?—Yes.Igo，Iamwillingtomakenewfriends.A．Somewhere B．ThereC．Everywhere D．Nowhere解析：选C。答语句意为：不管我去哪里，我都喜欢结交新朋友。everywhere此处用作连词，引起状语从句。6．Teenagerstheirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.A．havedamaged B．aredamagingC．damaged D．willdamage解析：选B。damage作动词，意为“损害；毁坏”。根据后句“因为他们玩电脑游戏太多”可知“青少年损害健康”是正在发生的动作，因此用现在进行时。7．—Tomhasn’tcometoclassyet?—Whatdoyouthink？A．didhappentohimB．hashappenedtohimC．hehappenedD．hehashappened解析：选B。句中的doyouthink为插入语，去掉插入语，不影响句子的正常语序，故B正确。8．Don’tplaywithelectricity，oryoumaygetanelectric.A．strike B．beatC．shock D．knock解析：选C。句意为“别玩电，要不你会触电的”。根据句意，C正确。Getashock意思是“触电”。9．—What’sthematter？Itseemsyou’vecaughtacold.—Oh，I’mjusttootired.A．asif B．eversinceC．because D．when解析：选A。问句意为：怎么了？你好像感冒了。asif好像，符合题意。eversince从那以后；because因为；when当……时，均不符合句意。10．Thelifeboatwassentouttothesailorsfromthesinkingship.A．shelter B．rescueC．escape D．trap解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：救生艇被派出去救援沉船的水手。rescue营救。shelter掩蔽；escape逃脱，逃跑；trap使陷入困境。Ⅳ.阅读理解Afteranearthquakemostsurvivorscanbeexpectedtorecoverovertime，particularlywiththesupportoffamilyandfamilieswillbeabletoreturntotheirnormallifequickly，whileotherswillhavetocontend_withthedestructionoftheirhomes，medicalproblems，andinjurytofamilyespeciallywillneedtimetorecoverfromthelossofalovedoneorapetorfromtheclosingdownoftheirschool.Childrenoftenturntoadultsforinformation，comfortandshouldtrytoremaincalm，answerchildren’squestionshonestlyandremainunderstandingwhentheyseechangesintheirchildren’sbehavior.Childrenreactdifferentlytoanearthquakedependingontheirages，developmentallevelsandformerwillrespondbywithdrawing(不与人交往)，whileotherswillhaveangryoutbursts(爆发).Parentsshouldremainsensitivetoeachchild’sshouldspendtimetalkingtotheirchildren，lettingthemknowthatit’sOKtoaskquestionsandtosharetheiritmaybehardtofindtimetohavethesetalks，parentscanuseregularfamilymealtimesorbedtimesforshouldanswerquestionsbrieflyandhonestlyandbesuretoasktheirchildrenfortheiropinionsandmaycomeupmorethanonceandparentsshouldremainpatientwhenyouanswerthequestionsyoungchildren，parents，aftertalkingabouttheearthquake，mightreadafavoritestoryorhavearelaxingfamilyactivitytohelpthemcalmshouldalsotellchildrentheyaresafeandspendextratimewithcouldplaygamesoutsideorreadtogetherimportantly，besuretotellthemyoulovethem.【解题导语】本文就震后如何帮助孩子恢复身心健康向家长提出了有关的建议。1．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howtopreparebeforeanearthquakestrikes.B．Whattodoinanearthquake.C．Howtofacethelossofalovedoneinanearthquake.D．Howtohelpchildrenrecovermentallyfromanearthquake.解析：选D。主旨大意题。全文都是关于地震后父母如何安慰孩子的，因此选D。2．Theunderlinedphrase“contendwith”inParagraph1canbereplacedby“”.A．dealwith B．makeupC．putoff D．turnback解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据上下文可推出此处contendwith意思为“处理”。与dealwith接近。3．WhichofthefollowingpiecesofadviceisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Keepaclosewatchonchildren’sbehavior.B．Tellthechildrentheyaresafe.C．Tellthechildrenyoulovethem.D．Askeducationalexpertsforhelp.解析：选D。细节理解题。从文章最后一段可找到有关A、B、C三个选项的表述，D项文中没有提及。4．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Allpeoplewillrecoverfromanearthquakequickly.B．Childrenmayneedalongertimetorecoverafteranearthquake.C．Childrenshouldturntotheirclassmatesforhelpafteranearthquake.D．Childrenreactinthesamewayasadultsdotoanearthquake.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Childrenespeciallywillneedtimetorecoverfrom...可知B项正确。Ⅴ.短文填词