药理2003级医学七年制药理学期末考试试题卷

山东大学医学院（2005——2006学年第二学期2003（A题—二三四五六七总统分得一．（每题2分，共10分after扣扣chemotherapeutic扣扣扣扣扣扣扣扣TypeAchoicequestions(onlyoneanswerisWhichofthefollowingisclassifiedasbelongtotheG-proteincouplingGABAAnicotinicIIWhichofthefollowingisunlikelytobeassociatedwithoraldrugadministrationofanenteric-coateddosageform?irritationtothegastricmucosawithnauseaanddestructionofthedrugbygastricacidordigestiveunpleasanttasteofthevariabilityinabsorptioncausedbyfluctuationsingastricemptyingWhichofthefollowingcompoundswillbeabsorbedtotheleastextentintheWhichofthefollowingtermsismostlikelytobeassociatedwith“arapidreductionintheeffectofagivendoseofadrugafteronlyoneortwodoses”?Aweakacidicdrugwith4.4ofpKa,ifthestomachjuicepHis1.4,smapHis7.4,whenthedistributionbalanceisreached,thedrugconcentrationratiobetweensmaandstomachjuiceisInthisgraph，drugsA，BandCareAhasagreaterpotencythanAhasagreaterefficacythanBhaslesspotencythanAhasagreaterpotencythanACB效应BhasagreaterefficacythanACB效应LogAspirinisaweakacidwith3.5ofpKa,whatpercentageoflipid-solubleformwillbeinthestomachjuicewith2.5ofpH?Thecontractileeffectofvariousdosesofnorepinephrine(NE)(X)aloneonvascularsmoothmuscleisrepresentedinthefigurebelow.Whencombinedwithanantagonist(IcorInc),ashiftinthedose-responsecurveoccurs.ThecurvelabeledX+IncwouldmostlylikelyoccurwhenvascularsmoothmuscleistreatedwithNEinthepresen ApredictablydangeroussideeffectofnadololthatconstitutesacontraindicationtoitsclinicaluseinsusceptiblepatientsistheinductionofcardiacasthmaticEpinephrinemaybemixedwithcertainanesthetics,suchasprocaine,inorderstimulatelocalwoundenhancetheirin ctionwithneuralmembranesandtheirabilitytodepressnerveA58-year-oldmalewithanginaistreatedwithatenolol.SelectthemechanismofactionofmixedandAmalepatientisbroughttotheemergencydepartmentfollowingingestionofanunknownsubstance.Heisfoundtohaveanelevatedtemperature,hotandflushedskin,dilatedpupils,andtachycardia.Ofthefollowing,whichwouldmostlikelycausethesefindings?A65-year-oldmalehasabloodpressureof170/105mmHg.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeeffectiveinloweringthispatient’sbloodpressure?WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedinshockforincreasingcardiacoutputandrenalbloodhavenoganglionicblockingactionsattherapeuticcanbeantagonizedbyassistantagentsofTheagentwhichiseffectiveforprostatichypersiabuthasnoeffectonbloodpressureWhichofthefollowingstatementsisWhichofthefollowingstatementsisChlorpromazineisindicatedintreatingthenauseaoflevodopaVitaminB6increasestheeffectivenessofWhichofthefollowingiscommontothetricyclicantidepressantsandMAOTheycanproduceTheyshowstrong TheycanproduceposturalTheydecreaseavailabilityofepinephrineinthesynapticareequallyeffectiveagainstthepositiveandnegativesymptomsofcancauseblurredvision,urinaryretentionandothersignsofmuscarinichavearapidonsetofantipsychoticAllofthefollowingareobservedinpatientstakingneurolepticagentsualorthostaticWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmorphineisItisusedtherapeuticallytorelievepaincausedbysevereheadItswithdrawalsymptomscanberelievedbyItcausesItismosteffectiveby lItrapidlyentersmanybodytissues,includingthefetusofapregnantWhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningphenytoiniscauseslesssedationthanmaycausemegaloblasticisexcretedunchangedintheThesmahalf-lifeincreasesasthedoseisWhichofthefollowingdrugsiscontraindicatedinthepatientswithTheagentwhichiseffectiveforvariousepilepsyAllofthefollowingproduceasignificantdecreasein ACEβ­RWhichofthefollowinghypertensivepatientsismostsuitbleforprimarytherapywithpatientswithyounghypertensivepatientswithrapidrestingheartelderly elowersBPrapidlybyreleasingDiureticsdecreasedBPmainlybyincreasingwaterandsodiumexcretionfromtheWhichofthefollowingdrugsoccursorthostatichypotensionmostfrequentlyinfirstThereasonthatdigoxincanreducetheventricularrateofatrialfibrillationpatientshorteningtheeffectiverefractoryperiodofAllofthefollowingmeasurescanbeusedinthetreatmentofdigoxin-inducedarrhythmiastopdigoxindiureticagentssuchasfurosemideareusedtopromotetheexcretionofWhichofthefollowingeffectsofdigoxincanNOTbeseeninfailureincreasingthecardiacincreasingthecardiacA70-year-oldfemaleistreatedwithsublingualnitroglycerinforheroccasionalboutsofangina.Whichofthefollowingisinvolvedintheactionofnitroglycerin? sephosphorylationoflightchainsofcGMPThetherapeuticeffectofβ­adrenergicreceptorblockerssuchaspropranololinanginapectorisisbelievedtobeprimarilytheresultofdilationofthecoronaryWhichofthefollowingdrugshasrelativelyfewelectrophysiologiceffectsonnormalmyocardialtissuebutsuppressesthearrhythmogenictendenciesofischemicmyocardialtissue?WhichofthefollowingdrugsisNOTsuitabletotreatthepatientwithanginapectorispaniedwithasthma?WhichofthefollowingdrugsdecreasesdenovocholesterolbiosynthesisbyinhibitingtheenzymeHMGCoAredu WhichofthefollowingdrugscanbeusedforDiabetics（typeⅡ）withrenalpepticacidifyWhichofthefollowingdrugscouldpromotemacrophageproductionandenhancethenonspecificimmunologicfunctionG-Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedformegaloblasticfolicfolicacidfolicacidfolicacid+VitB12folicacidItcanbeusedtotreatItcanleadtoItcanincreasethesecretionofK+thencauseItcandecreasebloodpressureItcandecreasetheurinaryoutputofdiabetesinsipidusWhichofthestatementsaboutthioureaisTheyinhibitsynthesisofPropylthiouracilstimulatesT4transformtoTheycancausethyroidenlargementwhenlongtermTheycanexcretefrommilkandpassthroughcentapenicillin+streptomycin+penicillin+ClavulanicacidcaninhibitwhichoneofthefollowingDihydrofolatesynthetaseB．peptidoglycansynthetaseD．DNAE．dihydrofolatereduTheagentwhichcanrelieveAIDSandAIDScorrelatingsyndromeWhichofthefollowingimidazoleshaveNOeffectonfungusHerxheimerreactioniscausedbypenicillinwhenitisusedtolobar D．bacterialmeningitisOfthefollowing,whichisthebestagenttouseinpregnantpatientwithurinarytractinfection(UTI)causedbyChlamydiatrachomatis?Thet1/2ofwhichofthefollowingtetracyclinesremainsunchangedwhenthedrugisadministeredtoananuricpatientnoneoftheA45-year-oldfemalebeingtreatedforachronicUTIdevelopsacutealcoholintolerance.Whichofthefollowingagentscouldhavecausedthisintolerance?Apatientwithap oniahasasputumculturethatispositiveforastaphylococcalstrainthatis-lactamase-positive.Whichisthebestchoiceofpenicillintherapyinthispatient?oA75-year-oldwomanishospitalizedforp niaandtreatedwithanintravenousantibiotic.Ondaythree,shedevelopsseverediarrhea.StoolispositiveforClostridiumdifficiletoxin.Whatisthebesttreatment?oThemechanismofactionofchloramphenicolasanantibioticisthatbindstothe30sribosomebindstothe50sribosomeTypeXchoicequestions(oneormoreanswersareIfthesmaconcentrationofadrugdeclineswith“first­orderkinetics”,itmeansThereisonlyonemetabolicpathfordrugThehalf-lifeisthesameregardlessofsmaThedrugislargelymetabolizedintheliverafteroraladministrationandhaslowTherateofeliminationisproportionaltothesmathemetabolicabilityhasreachedOfthefollowing,whichwillbeblockedbyatropineandsalivaryTheagentswhichcanbeusedto aA34-year-oldwomanwithschizophreniahasbeentreatedforseveralyearswithvariousdrugs.Sheisnowbeingtreatedwithfluphenazineandcominsofamenorrhea()andgalactorrhea（溢乳）.Whichofthefollowingdrugswouldbeappropriatetoswitchhermedicationto((WhichofthefollowingdrugsmaycauseWhichofthefollowingdrugscanbeusedintreatmentofdepressiveTheagentswhichareeffectiveinthetreatmentofParkinson’sdiseaseWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetreatmentofchronicheartfailurearePatientswithevidenceoffluidretentionshouldreceiveaTreatmentwithanACEinhibitorandaβ­Rblockershouldbeinitiatedandmaintainedunlessspecificallycontraindicated.DigoxinmaybeaddedifneededtoreducesymptomsortoslowtheventricularinpatientswithrapidatrialPatientswithsevereheartfailureshouldalsoreceiveaβ­RmonthlycompletebloodInahypertensivepatientwhoistakinginsulintotreatdiabetes,whichofthefollowingdrugsistobeusedwithextracautionandadvicetothepatient?DrugsthatcanenhancethesensitivityofinsulinGCScombinedwithGRE,inducesynthesisofGCSpromotetheapoptosisofinfltoryWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcimetidineareincreasethesecreationofgastricWhichofthefollowingmegaloblasticamemiaareNOTtheindicationoffolicThedrugswhichcanprotectgastricmucosaandinhibithelicobacterpyloricolloidalbismuthQuinolonescanNOTbeusedtopatientshaveepilepsyareingrowthanddevelopmentaretakingareareallergictobeusedtotreatbronchialexpelparasiteinintestinalOfthefollowing,thetruestatementsaboutRifampinitcan tomycobacteriumtuberculosiswhenadministereditiseffectiveonchlamydiaithasnoeffectonStaphylococcusitisinductorofliverdrugitcaninterferewithRNATheagentsthatcaninhibitbacterialproteinsynthesis三．问答题（每题1040PleaseestimatetheantiasthmaticactionsandusesofPleasedescribetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofACEinhibitorsPleaseexintheadversereactionsof一、aftereffect：chemotherapeuticindex：化疗指数指动物实验的LD50/ED50或LD5/ED95的比值(2分)。程的作用不明显，而心率慢时却使动作电位时程明显延长(2分)。包括G0期细胞的药物(2分)。itpas