历年英语四级真题练习及答案

历年英语四级真题练习及答案Questionsland2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejusttheheardo1。A)ItwasgoingtoberenovatedoC)Itwasdangeroustolivein。B)HecouldnolongerpaytherentoD)Hehadsoldittotheroyalfamily。2oA)AstormoC)Aforestfire。B)AstrikeoD)ATerroristattackoQuestions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheardo3oA)TheylostcontactwiththeemergencydepartmentoTheywereinjuredbysuddenlyfallingrocksoTheysentcallsforhelpviaaportableradiooTheyweretrappedinanundergroundelevatoroA)TheyprovidedtheminerwithfoodandwateroTheysentsuppliestokeeptheminerswarmoTheyreleasedthedetailsoftheaidentoTheytriedhardtorepairtheaidentoQuestion5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheardo5oA)Raisepostagerates。C)ClosesomeofitspostofficesoB)ImproveitsservicesoD)RedesigndeliveryroutesoA)Closingofficesonholidays。C)Computerizingmailsortingprocesses。Shorteningbusinesshours。D)StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays。A)AlotofcontroversywillariseTaxpayerswillbeverypleasedManypeoplewillbegintoplainManypostofficestaffwilllosetheirjobsDirections：Inthissection，youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation，youwillhearfourquestions。Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromfourchoicemarkedA)，B)，C)andD)。ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteranAnswersheet1withasinglelinethoughthecentre。Question8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard。A)Hewilllosepartofhispay。C)Hewillbegivenawarning。B)Hewillgothroughretraining。D)Heisgogoodtermswithhisworkmates。A)Heisanexperiencedpressoperator。C)Heisalwaysontime。B)Heistrustworthyguy。D)Heisgogoodtermswithhisworkmates。A)Sheisatradeunionrepresentative。C)Sheisbetterathandingsuchmatters。B)Sheisaseniormanageroftheshop。D)Sheisinchargeofpublicrelation。11。A)Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble。B)Heisskilledandexperienced。C)Heisveryclosetothemanager。D)Heisalwaysplainingaboutlowwages。Question12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardoA)Open。C)Selfish。B)ReservedoD)Friendly。A)Theyreadabook。C)Theystayquiet。B)TheytalkabouttheweatherD)Theychatwithfellowpassengers。A)Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates。B)Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague'shome。C)ShewaseagertovisitanEnglishcastle。D)Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner。)Housearemuchmorequiet。C)Theywantagardenoftheirown。B)Theywanttohavemorespace。D)Housesprovidemoreprivacy。Directions：Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD)oThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardo.A)TheywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriorityoTheydon'thavetogothroughjobinterviews。TheyarelikelytogetmuchhigherpayoTheydon'thavemuchchoiceofjobs。.A)Visittheschoolcareersservices。C)Lookatschoolbulletinboards。Asktheirprofessorsforhelp。D)Gothroughcampusnewspapers。.A)Providingstudentswithinformationaboutthelibrary。Helpingstudentsarrangeappointmentswithlibrarians。Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere。HelpingstudentsfindthebooksandjournalstheyneedoQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardo.A)Ittastesbetter。C)ItiseasiertogrowoItmaybesoldatahigherprice。D)Itcanbettersurviveextremeweathers。.A)Itcangrowindriersoil。C)Itwillreplacegreenteaoneday。)Itisimmunetovariousdiseases。D)Itishealthierthangreentea。.A)Itdoesnothaveastablemarket。Ithasmadeteafarmers'lifeeasier。Itdoesnotbringthepromisedhealthbenefits。Ithasbeenwellreceivedbymanyteadrinkers。Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard。22oA)Theycaremoreaboutenvironment。Theydecoratetheirhomesthemselves。Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality。Theyneeddecorationstoshowtheirstatus。23oA)Theymadegreatcontributionstosociety。Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight。Theywereproudoftheircreations。Theyfocusedonthequalityoftheirproducts。24。A)Identifyfakecrafts。C)DesignhandicraftsthemselvesoB)Makewisechoices。D)Learntheimportanceofcreationo25oA)Toattractforeigninvestments。C)Toarousepublicinterestincrafts。B)Topreservethetraditionalculture。D)Toboostthelocaleconomy。Directions：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanksoYouarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices。Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter。PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce。Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare“male”and“female“brains,believingthatexplainsjustabouteverydifferencebetweenthesexes.Anewstudy26thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender。Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearchers27forsexdifferencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrainAndwhatdidtheyfind?Notmuch。Ratherthanofferevidencefor28brainsas“male”or“female"，researchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange，withmostpeoplefallingrightinthemiddle。DaphnaJoel，wholedthestudy，saidherresearchfoundthatwhiletherearesomegenderbased29，manydifferenttypesofbraincan'talwaysbedistinguishedbygender。Whilethe“average”maleand“average”femalebrainswere30different，youcouldn'ttellitbylookingatindividualbrainscans。Onlyasmall31ofpeoplehad“all-male”or“all-female“characteristics。LarryCahill，anAmericanneuroscientist(神经科学家)，saidthestudyisanimportantadditiontoagrowingbodyofresearchquestioning32beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction。Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame，33ofgender。“There'samountainofevidence34theimportanceofsexinfluencesatalllevelsofbrainfunction，”hetoldTheSeattleTimes。Ifanything，hesaid，thestudy35thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrain“evenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow。"abnormalI)regardlessappliedJ)searchedbrieflyK)similaritiescategorizingL)slightlyE)challengesM)suggestsF)figureN)tastesG)percentageO)traditionalH)provingDirections：Inthissection，youaregongingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit。Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs。IdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderivedoYoumaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter。AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2。CanBurglarsJamYourwirelessSecuritySystem?Anyproductthatpromisestoprotectyourhomedeservescarefulexamination。Soitisn'tsurprisingthatyou'llfindplentyofstrongopinionaboutthepotentialvulnerabilitiesofpopularhome-securitysystems。Themostlikelytypeof6口丫8必丫丫(入室盗窃)byfaristheunsophisticatedcrimeofopportunity,usuallyinvolvingabrokenorsomeforcedentry。AordingtotheFBI,crimesliketheseaountedforroughlytwo-thirdsofallhouseholdburglariesintheUSinxx。Thewidemajorityoftherestwereillegal,unforcedentriesthatresultedfromsomethinglikeawindowbeingleftopen。TheFBIdoesn'teventrackthosestatistics。Oneofthemaintheoreticalhome-securityconcernsiswhetherornotagivensystemisvulnerabletobeingblockedfromworkingaltogether。Withwiredsetups，thefearisthata6口丫81@丫（入室盗窃）mightbeabletoshutyoursystemdownsimplybycuttingtherightcable。Withawirelesssetup，youstickbattery-poweredsensoruparoundyourhomethatkeepsaneyeonwindows，doors，motion，andmore。Iftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed，they'lltransmitawirelessalertsignaltoaabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm。Thatapproachwilleliminatemostcord-cuttingconcerns-butwhatabouttheirwirelessequivalent，jamming?Withtherightdevicetunedtotherightfrequency，what'stostopathieffromjammingyoursetupandblockingthatalertsignalfromeverreachingthebasestation?Jammingconcernsarenothingnew，andthey'renotuniquetosecuritysystems。AnydeviceThat'sbuilttoreceiveawirelesssignalataspecificcanbeoverwhelmedbyastrongersignalinginonthesamefrequency。Forparison，let'ssayyouwantedto“jam”aconversationbetweentwopeople-allyou'dneedtodoisyellinthelistener'sear。Securitydevicesarerequiredtolistthefrequenciestheybroadcaston-thatmeansthatapotentialthiefcanfindwhattheyneedtoknowwithminimalGooglingoTheywill，however，needtoknowwhatsystemthey'arelookingfor。Ifyouhaveasigninyouryarddeclaringwhatsetupyouuse,that'dpointthemintherightdirection,thoughtatthatpoint,we?aretalkingaboutahighlytargeted,semi-sophisticatedattack,andnotthesortofforced-entryattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries。It'seasiertofindandacquirejammingequipmentforsomefrequenciesthanitisforothers。Wirelesssecurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpbatthethreatofjammingattacks。SimpliSafe,winnerofourEditors'Choicedistinction,utilizesaspecialsystemthat'scapableofseparatingincidentalRFinterferenceformtargetedjammingattacks。Whenthesystemthinksit'sbeingjammed,it'llnotifyyouviapushalert（推送警报）。Fromthere,it'suptoyoutosoundthealarmmanually。SimpliSafewassingledoutinonerecentarticleonjamming,pletewithavideoshowingtheentiresystembeingeffectivelybypassedwithhandheldjammingequipment。AftertakingappropriatemeasuretocontainthewetestedtheattackoutRFinterferencetoourtestlab,forourselves,andwereabletoverifythatit’ispossiblewiththerightequipment。However,wealsoverifiedthatSimpliSafe'santi-jammingsystemwords。Itcaughtusintheact，sentanalerttomysmartphone，andalsolistedourRFinterferenceonthesystem'seventlogoTheteambehindthearticleandvideoinquestionmakenomentionofthesystem,orwhetherornotitdetectedthem。wetestedtheattackoutWeliketheuniquenatureofthatsoftware。Itmeansthatathieflikelywouldn'tbeabletoGooglehowthesystemwords,thenfigureoutawayaroundit。Eveniftheycould,SimpliSafeclaimsthatitssystemisalwaysevolving,andthatitvariesslightlyformsystemtosystem,whichmeanstherewouldn'tbeauniversalmagicformulaforcrackingit。Othersystemsalsoseemconfidentonthesubjectofjamming。TheteamatFrontpointaddressestheissueinablogonitssite,citingtheirownjamprotectionsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen'tanydocumentedcasesofasuessfuljamattacksincethepanybeganofferingwirelesssecuritysensorsinthe1980soJammingattacksareabsolutelypossible。Assaidbefore,withtherightequipmentandtherightknow-how,it'spossibletojamanywirelesstransmission。Buthowprobableisitthatsomeonewillsuessfullyjamtheirwayintoyourhomeandstealyourstuff?Let?simaginethatyouliveinasmallhomewithawirelesssecuritysetupthatoffersafunctionalantijammingsystem。First,athiefisgoingtoneedtotargetyourhome,specifically.Then,he?sgoingtoneedtoknowthetechnicaldetailsofyoursystemandacquirethespecificequipmentnecessaryforjammingyourspecificsetup。Presumably,youkeepyourdoorslockedatnightandwhileyou'reaway,sothethiefwillstillneedtobreakin。Thatmeansdefeatingthelocksomehow,orbreakingawindowoHe'llneedtobejammingyouatthispoint,asabrokenwindoworopeneddoorwouldnormallyreleasethealarm。So,too,wouldthemotiondetectorsinyourhome,sothethiefwillneedtocontinuejammingoncehe'sinsideandsearchingforthingstostealoHowever,he?llneedtodosowithouttrippingtheantijammingsystem,thedetailsofwhichhealmostcertainlydoesnothaveaessto。Attheendoftheday,thesekindsofsystemsareprimarilydesignedtoprotectagainstthesortofopportunisticsmash-and-grabattackthatmakesupthemajorityofburglaries。They'realsoonlyasinglelayerinwhatshouldideallybeamany-sidedapproachtosecuringyourhome,onethatincludesmonsensethingslikesoundlocksandproperexploitlightingatnight。Nosystemisimperable,andnonecanpromisetoeliminatetheworstcasepletely。Everyoneofthemhasvulnerabilitiesthataknowledgeablethiefcouldtheoreticallyexploit。Agoodsystemisonethatkeepsthatworst-casesettingasimprobableaspossiblewhilealsoofferingstrongprotectionintheeventofaless-extraordinaryattack。Itispossibleforburglarstomakejammingattackswiththenecessaryequipmentandskill。Interferingwithawirelesssecuritysystemissimilartointerferingwithaconversation。Aburglarhastocontinuouslyjamthewirelesssecuritydevicetoavoidtriggeringthealarm，bothinsideandoutsidethehouse。SimpliSafeprovidesdevicesthatareabletodistinguishincidentalradiointerferencefromtargetedjammingattacks。Onlyaverysmallproportionofburglariesaremittedbytechnicalmeans。ItisdifficulttocrackSimpliSafeasitssystemkeepschanging。Wirelessdeviceswilltransmitsignalssoastoactivatethealarmoncesomethingwrongisdetected。Differentmeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectone'shomefromburglaryinadditiontothewirelesssecuritysystem。SimpliSafe'sdevicecansendawarningtothehouseowner'scellphone。Burglarscaneasilygetasecuritydevice'sfrequencybyIntersearch。Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage。Asapersonwhowritersaboutfoodanddrinkforaliving，Icouldn't tellyou thefirst thingabout BillPerryorwhetherthe beershe sellsare thatgreat。 ButIcantellyouthatIlikethis guy。That'sbecause heplanstobantipping infavor ofpaying hisservers anactuallivingwage。Ihatetipping。Ihateitbecauseit'sanobligationdisguisedasanoption。Ihateitforthepost-dinnermathitrequiresofme。Butmostly，IhatetippingbecauseIbelieveIwouldbeinabetterplaceifpaydecisionsregardingemployeesweresimplyleftuptotheiremployers，asisthecustominvirtuallyeveryotherindustry。Mostofyouprobablythinkthatyouhatetipping，too。Researchsuggestotherwise。Youactuallylovetipping!Youliketofeelthatyouhaveavoiceinhowmuchmoneyyouservermakes。Nomatterhowthemathworksout，youpersistentlyviewrestaurantswithvoluntarytippingsystemsasbeingalettervalue,whichmakesitextremelydifficultforrestaurantsandbarstodoawaywiththetippingsystem。Oneargumentthatyoutendtohearalotfromtheprotippingcrowdseemslogicalenough：theserviceisbetterwhenwaitersdependontips，presumablybecausetheyseeabenefittosuessfullyveilingtheircontemptforyou。Well，ifthisweretruewewouldallbeslippingafew100dollarbillstoourdoctorsonthewayouttheirdoors，too。Butasitturnsout，waitersseeonlyat