英语学习词汇类高考真题

2008年普通高等学校招生统一考试（卷英第一部分：（共两节，满分30分第一节（51.57.5分听下面5段。每段后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段WhatdidthemanwininhisAAnewSomeWillthewomancometotheHowlonghasthewomanbeenanAbout30About40About70WhatdoesthewomanASomeSomeWhatisthewomanAskingforAskingforanAskingfor第二节（151.522.5分听下面5段或独白。每段或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段或独白前后，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段读两遍。76,7Howmanycoatsdoesthewoman B. C.Whatistheordernumberfor B. C.789WhichcityhasthewomanvisitedNew B. C.WhatdoesthewomanlikeabouttheCity B. C.810,11WhenwillitIntheIntheAtWhatwillcausedelaysfortrafficcomingintoABridge91214WhydidthewomangototheTobuyanewTomeettheTomakeanWhathappenedintheparkingThewomanquarreledwithaThewomanfailedtogethercarparkedinThewomanbackedhercarintothewrongWhatdidthewomanthinkofthemanwhenshefirstsaw101517HowdoesthewomanthinkaboutherItisveryItishardtosayItkeepsherveryWheredoesthewomanliveInherworkInthecityInabigWhatarethetwospeakerstalkingThewoman’slifeinanewThewoman’stravelThewoman’sco-111820Whatisthewoman’sviewonIt ItisItisWhatisspecialaboutTheyareaspleasantasTheycanlastaboutthirtyTheymakethingsmoreWhatisthewoman’smostfavoriteSmelloftheSmellofherSmellofaircraft第二部分：知识运用（共两节，满分45分第一节：单项填空（15115分ABCDJohnpromisedhisdoctorhe notsmoke,andhehasneversmokedeverA. B. C. —HaveyoureadabookcalledWaitingfor—Whowrote B.has D.had—DidyoureturnFred’s—Ididn’tneedtobecauseI’llseehim B.C. Seeingthatshewasgoingofftosleep,Iaskedifshe’dlikethatlittledollonherB.ToC. D.ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhichneitheroftheparentsspoketheA. C. D.Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,hungryandhungryand C.hungrilyand D.hungrilyandThe wasn’tparticularlygood.ButIhad inmanyworse A.was B, C.would I’llgiveyoumyfriend’shomeaddress,whereIcanbereachedmost B.C. NodecisionwillbemadeaboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeenB.isC.isbeing D.hasbeenThecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatewhattheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportintheA. B. D.—Didthebookgivetheinformationyou—Yes.Buttofindit,IhadtoreadtheentireB. C.tobe D.Ifeelgreatlyhonoredto edintotheir Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you’dbetterleavebythebackA. C. D.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime BriangetsB. C. D.Itisworthconsideringwhatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,andintroducingbetteronesofyour B.to D.（201.530分WhenIenteredBerkeley,Ihopedtoearnascholarship.HavingbeenaStraight-Astudent,IbelievedI36taketoughsubjectsandreallylearnsomething.OnesuchcoursewasWorldLituregivenbyProfessorJayne.Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashe37presentedinclass.WhenItookthefirstexam,Iwas38shockedtofinda77,C-plus,onmytestpaper,39forEnglishwasmybestsubject.IwenttoProfessorJayne,wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained_40unmoved.Idecidedtotryharder,althoughIdidn’tknowwhatthat41meantbecauseschoolhadalwaysbeeneasyforme.Ireadthebooksmorecarefully,butgotanother77.Again,I42reasonedwithProfessorJayne.Again,helistenedpatientlybutwouldn’tchangehis43mind.Onemoretestbeforethefinalexam.Onemore44chancetoimprovemygrade.SoIredoubledmyeffortsand,forthefirsttime,45learnedthemeaningoftheword“thorough”.Butmy46effortdidnogoodandeverything47wentasbefore.Thelasthurdle()wasthefinal.Nomatterwhat48gradeIgot,itwouldn’tcancelthreeC-Imightaswellkiss 49 Istoppedworkinghead.IfeltIknewthecoursematerialaswellasIeverwould.Thenightbeforethefinal,I 50treated myselftoamovie.ThenextdayIdecidedforonceI’dhave 51funwithatest.Aweeklater,IwassurprisedtofindIgotanA.IhurriedintoProfessorJayne’soffice. 52seemed tobeexpectingme.“IfIgaveyoutheAsyou53expected,youwouldn’tcontinuetoworkasIstaredat 54realizingthat ysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect.Ihadworkedmy off,asIhadneverdoneIwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:A-plus.ItwastheonlyA-plusgiven.ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship.I’vealwaysrememberedProfessorJayne’slesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardof B. C. D.A. C. D. B. C. D.A. B. D.A. B. C. A. C. D.A. C. D.A. C. D.A. B. D.A. B. C. A. B. D.A. C. D. B. C. D. B. C. D.A. B. D. B. C. D.A. B. C. A. B. 54.A.B.C.55.A.B.C.第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小2分，满40分ATwentyyearsago,Idroveataxiforaliving.OnenightIwenttopickupapassengerat2:30a.m..WhenIarrivedtocollect,Ifoundthebuildingwasdarkexceptforasinglelightinagroundfloorwindow.Iwalkedtothedoorandknocked.“Justaminute,”answeredaweak,elderlyAfteralongpause,thedooropened.Asmallwomaninhereightiesstoodbeforeme.ByhersidewasasmallItookthesuitcasetothecar,andthenreturnedtohelpthewoman.Shetookmyarmandwewalkedslowlytowardthecar.Shekeptthankingmeformykindness.“It’snothing,”Itoldher.“IjusttrytotreatmypassengersthewayIwouldwantmymothertreated.”“Oh,you’resuchagoodman,”Shesaid.Whenwegotintothetaxi,shegavemeanaddress,andthenasked,“Couldyoudrivethroughdowntown?”“It’snottheshortestway,”Ianswered“Oh,I’minnohurry,”shesaid.“I’monmywaytoahospice(临终医院).Idon’thaveanyfamilyleft.ThedoctorsaysIdon’thaveverylong.”Iquietlyreachedoverandshutoffthemeter计价器Forthenexttwohours,wedrovethroughthecity.Sheshowedmethebuildingwhereshehadonceworked,theneighborhoodwhereshehadlived,andthefurnitureshopthathadoncebeenaballroomwhereshehadgonedancingasagirl.Sometimesshe’daskmetoslowdowninfrontofaparticularbuildingandwouldsitstaringintothedarkness,sayingnothing.Atdawn,shesuddenlysaid,”I’mtired.Let’sgonow.”Wedroveinsilencetotheaddressshehadgivenme.“HowmuchdoIoweyou?”sheasked.“Nothing,”Isaid.“Youhavetomakealiving,”sheanswered.“Oh,thereareotherpassengers,”IAlmostwithoutthinking,Ibentandgaveherahug.Sheheldontometightly.Ourhugendedwithher“YougaveanoldwomanalittlemomentofTheoldwomanchosetoridethroughthecityinorderto showshewasfamiliarwiththeseesomecesforthelastletthedriverearnmorereachthedestinationonThetaxidriverdidnotchargetheoldwomanbecausehe wantedtodoherashutoffthemeterbyhadreceivedherpaymentinwasinahurrytotakeotherWhatcanwelearnfromtheGivingisalwaysaPeopleshouldrespecteachAnactofkindnesscanbringpeoplegreatPeopleshouldlearntoappreciateothers’BDomestic(驯养的)horsesnowpullploughs,raceintheKentuckyDerby,andcarry.Butearlyhorsesweren’ttame(驯服的)enoughtoperformthesekindsoftasks.Scientiststhinkthefirstinctionshumanshadwithhorseswerefardifferentfromthosetoday.Thousandsofyearsago,peoplekilledthewildhorsesthatlivedaroundthemforfood.Overtime,peoplebegantocatchtheanimalsandraisethem.Thiswasthefirststepindomestication.Aspeoplebegantotameandridehorses,theychosetokeepthoseanimalsthathadmoredesirablecharacteristics.Forexample,peoplemayhavechosentokeephorsesthathadagentle alitysotheycouldberiddenmoreeasily.Peoplewhousedhorsestopullheavyloadswouldhavechosentokeepstrongeranimals.Characteristicslikestrengtharepartlycontrolledbytheanimals’genes.Soasthedomesticatedhorsesreproduced,theypassedthecharacteristicsontotheiryoung.EachnewgenerationofhouseswouldshowmoreofthesechosenModern-dayhorsebreedscomeinawidevarietyofshapesandsizes.Thisvarietydidn’texistinthehorsepopulationbeforedomestication.TheShetlandhorseisoneofthesmallestbreeds—typicallyreachingonlymetertall.Withshort,stronglegs,theanimalswerebredtopullcoaloutofmineshafts(矿井)withlowceilings.HugehorsesliketheClydesdalecameonthescenearound1700.Peoplebredtheseheavy,tallhorsestopulllargevehiclesusedforcarryingheavyloads.Thedomesticationofhorseshashadgreateffectsonsocieties.Forexample,horsewereimportanttoolsintheadvancementofmodernagriculture.Usingthemtopullploughsandcarryheavyloadsallowedpeopletofarmmoreefficiently.Beforetheywereabletoridehorses,humanshadtocrosslandonfoot.Ridinghorsesallowedpeopletotravelfargreaterdistanceinmuchlesstime.Thatencouragedpopulationslivingindifferentareastoinctwithoneanother.Thenewfromofrapidtransportationhelpedculturesspreadaroundtheworld.Beforedomesticationhorseswere caughtforhuntedformadetopullusedtocarryTheauthorusestheShetlandhorseasanexampletoshow itissmallerthantheClydesdalehorseusedtohave somehorseshavebettershapesthanhorseswereoflessvarietybeforeHorsescontributedtothespreadofcultureby carryingheavychangingfarmingservingasameansofadvancingagricultureindifferentThepassageismainlyabout whyhumansdomesticatedhowhumansandhorsesneededeachwhyhorsescameindifferentshapesandhowhumansocietiesandhorsesinfluencedeachCDearWearefortunatethatinsuchalarge,high-pressureofficeweallgetalongsowell.Youareoneofthepeoplewhokeepthesocialtemperatureatsuchacomfortablesetting.Idon’tknowanyoneintheofficewhoisbetterlikedthanyou.Youcanperhapshelpwiththis.Thecollectionofcontributionstowardsgiftsforemployees’ eventsis ingalittletroubling.Certainly,thegroupsendingofagiftisreasonablenowandthen.Inthepastmonth,however,therehavebeencollectionsfortwobabyshowergifts,oneweddingshowergift,twoweddinggifts,onefuneral（）remembrance,fourbirthdaygifts,andthreegraduationgifts.It’snotonlythecollected—fromwhoare fortable(andpoor),butthecollected—foruneasyreceivinggiftsfrompeoplewhodon’tknowthemoutsidetheoffice,whowouldn’tevenrecognizetheirgraduatingchildren,theirmarryingdaughtersandsons,ortheirdeadrelatives.Thisisbasicallyakindgesture(andonethatpeoplethinkwellofyoufor),butthepracticeseemstohave toowide-rangingandfeelsimproperintoday’sofficesetting.ThankyouforTheunderlinedword“contributions”probablymeans A. B. C. D.Hamiltonisexpectedto showmorediscontinuethepresentquitbeingtheorganizerforgiftknowmoreaboutco-workers’Thisisbasicallyaletterof A. B. C. D.DWhenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious”aboutourstudieswhenitwasingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsandpaper,andoneofuswouldsay:“Let’sstartwithatrainwhistletoday.”Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofawhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangingintosocialcreaturesandthestoriesandpoemsstopped.WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend.Hewasindespair(失望)andIwasindespair.Butfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.WegaveLondontoeachother.ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother’sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments,Ioftenthink:“Yes,Imustl…”Wehavenevermet.ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist（心理学家），whowillonlyfillupthehealing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.Intheeighthgrade,whattheauthordidbeforedevelopropersocialbehaviorwasto eseriousabouthergotoherfriend’shouselearnfromherclassmatesatsharepoemsandstorieswithherInParagraph3,“WegaveLondontoeachother”probablymeans ourexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifttobothofwewereunwillingtotearourselvesawayfromourunpleasantfeelingaboutLondonwepartedwitheachotherinAccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorandherfriend calleachotherhave enjoywritingtoeachdreamofmeetingeachInthedarkestmoments,theauthorwouldpreferto seekprofessional B.beleftC.staywithherbest D.breaktheWhatisthebesttitlefortheUnforgettableRemarkableLifelongNobleETheDietZone:ADangerousDietCoke,dietPepsi,dietpills,no-fatdiet,vegetabledietWearesurroundedbytheword“diet”everywherewelookandlisten.WehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsarengtousWearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically（身体上）.Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevel,wearenotallowingourbraintoadmitourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweight,butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffatty,high-calorie,unhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale（秤）instead.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.Onanotherlevel,dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrink,wearelingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon’thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain,andthatlifecanbewithout andstruggle.Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus,butalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients(营养成分Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorieonlybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts.Dietproductsmaynotbenutritional,andthechemicalsthatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonus,itistimetoseriouslythinkaboutbuyingthem.Losingweightliesinthepowerofminds,notinthepowerofchemicals.Oncewerealizethis,wewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproducts,andthereforepreventthepsychologicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.FromParagraph1,welearnthat dietproductsfailtobringoutpeople’speoplehavedifficultyinchoosingdietdietproductsaremisleadingpeoplearefedupwithdietOnepsychologicaleffectofdietproductsisthatpeopletendto tryoutavarietyofdiethesitatebeforetheyenjoydietpayattentiontotheirowneatingwatchtheirweightratherthantheirInParagraph3,“gaincomeswithoutp