高考英语一轮复习提能练十六Unit16Stories含解析北师大版

PAGEPAGE18Unit16Stories第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·山西省重点中学高三联考)SingaporeisaverymoderncountryinSoutheastAsia.Ifyou'vebeentravelinginitscapitalcity，Singapore，itcanbeashocktothesystemwhenitcomestoaccommodationprices.Forbackpackerstheyhavenochoicebuttostayoutsideofthecentralarea.Ifyouareavisitor，Ithinkit'sbesttostayinthehistoriccentralareatomakethemostofyourtime.Forfirst­timersIhaveputtogetherthislistofthebestareastostayinSingapore.ChinatownChinatowniswheretheoriginalcommunityofChineseimmigrantssettledinSingapore.TheareaislinedwithChinesestores，markets，andgreatplacestoeatforallbudgets.Itliesnexttothedowntownareaandthereisavarietyofaccommodationchoices，fromhostels(招待所)to5­starhotels.LittleIndiaLittleIndiaiswheremostoftheoriginalIndianmigrantsmadetheirhome.Todayitisstillfamousfortemples，markets，andlotsofplacestoeatdeliciousIndianfoods.It'sthemostpopularspotforbackpackersandtherearesomegoodmid­rangechoiceshere.KampongGlamAshortwalkfromLittleIndiaistheKampongGlamarea.ThisiswhereArabtraderssetupshop，withstreetnamessuchasHajiLane，BaghdadSt.andArabSt.TheneighborhoodisnowoneofthetrendiestinSingapore.ChangiWithoneofthebiggestairportsintheregionthechancesareyoumightjustbepassingwithouttimetostay.ChangiAirportisawardedasoneofthebestintheworld，soifyouhavetodoanovernighteratanairportthenyoucoulddoworsethandoatChangi.Ididn'tgetanysleepbutitwasanenjoyablestayforanairport.语篇解读：作者为初到新加坡的人提供住宿的建议。1．WhatwillmakebackpackersdisappointedinSingapore?A．Thesystemofaccommodation.B．Thehighchargesofthehotels.C．Theremotelocationofthehotels.D．Theaccommodationwithpoorfacilities.B[考查细节理解。根据第一段的“itcanbeashocktothesystemwhenitcomestoaccommodationprices.Forbackpackerstheyhavenochoicebuttostayoutsideofthecentralarea”可知，在住宿价格方面，新加坡可能会对该体系造成冲击，背包客不得不住在郊外的地方。由此可知，高昂的住宿费迫使这些背包客远离市中心，给他们带来了不便，故选B。]2．WhichareaisclosetothecenterofSingapore?A．Chinatown. B．LittleIndia.C．ChangiAirport. D．KampongGlam.A[考查细节理解。根据题干中的“closetothecenterofSingapore”可把解题线索定位到Chinatown部分中的“Itliesnexttothedowntownarea”，故选A。]3．WhatdoweknowaboutChangiAirport?A．Itwitnessesanoisyenvironment.B．Itofferspassengersworseservice.C．ItisthebiggestairportinSingapore.D．Ithasgainedafairlygoodreputation.D[考查细节理解。根据ChangiAirport部分中的“ChangiAirportisawardedasoneofthebestintheworld，soifyouhavetodoanovernighteratanairportthenyoucoulddoworsethandoatChangi”可知，该机场被评为世界上最好的机场之一，即有着很好的名声，故选D。]B(2021·湖北八校第一次联考)Ialwayswantedtobeextraordinarilygoodatsomething.Iwantedtobethebestintheclass—awe­inspiringandtip­top；aworld­famousgenius，likeMichaelPhelps.Unfortunately，myversionofrealitydidnotquitelineupwiththisdelusionalvision.Iwasagoodswimmer，butIpeakedatthecollegiateStateChampionshipslevel.Myacademicrecordwasprettysolid，butIneverwouldhavemadeitintooneofthoseIvyLeagueschools.ThoughIrosetoabove­averagestatusinacoupleofareas，thedisappointingtruthwasthatIwouldneveramounttoanythingbetterthanamid­sizedfishinasmallpond.Thedestinyapparentlyhadotherplans.Whatdrovemecrazy，though，wasthesuperstartalentthrowninmyfaceateveryturn.Somefolksjustseemedtogetanunfairdose(一剂)ofthetalent.Whycouldn'tIbelikeBernieWilliams，thefamedNewYorkYankeesplayerwhoalsohappenedtobeaworld­classguitarvirtuoso(艺术大师)?Somesaygreatnessissimplyafunctionofputtinginthepracticetime.Itisaroundtenthousandhours，tobeprecise，accordingtoauthorMalcolmGladwell.Idon'tquestionthetheoryofdevotingextraordinaryeffortstodevelopingone'sexpertise，butitseemsthatthetalentisequallyimportant.I'veheardthataspeopleapproachmiddleage，theirlifesatisfactionincreasesbecausetheybegintoacceptthegapbetweentheexpectationsofthemselvesandthereality.Afterafewdecadesoffrustrationwithoutthedesiredresults，weeventuallycometotermswithourlifeasitcomesout，evenifitfallsfarshortofouridealizedyouthfulexpectations.Hopebends，itseems.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一直想成为最优秀的人，但是现实跟不上作者的期望；作者后来明白天赋和努力同样重要，人们最终会接受期望与现实的差距。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delusional”inPara.2mostprobablymean?A．Imaginary. B．Realistic.C．Disappointing. D．Material.A[考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“didnotquitelineupwith”和上一段的内容(作者对自己的期望)可知，此处表示现实与作者对自己的期望并不完全一致。A项意为“幻想的”，与画线词词义相近，故选A项。]5．Inthepassage，thewriterthinksofhimselfas________．A．aworld­famousgeniusB．amid­sizedfishinasmallpondC．aworld­classvirtuosoD．astudentinanIvyLeagueschoolB[考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Iwouldneveramounttoanythingbetterthanamid­sizedfishinasmallpond”可知，作者把自己视为池塘中的一条中等大小的鱼。故选B项。]6．Accordingtothewriter，whatmakes“greatness”？A．Extraordinaryefforts.B．Tenthousandhoursofpractice.C．Talentandexpertise.D．Talentandpractice.D[考查细节理解。根据第五段第一句和最后一句可知，作者认为“伟大”来自大量的练习和天赋，故选D项。]7．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A．HopeBends B．FrustratingDecadesC．PracticeWorks D．YouthfulExpectationsA[考查标题判断。根据尾段“Hopebends，itseems”并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了期望与现实的差距——随着我们步入中年，我们最终会接受自我理想化的期望与现实的差距，故A项最适合作文章标题。bend意为“弯曲”。]C(2021·山东省临沂市一模)Wespendathirdofouradultlifeworkingandanotherbigpartpreparingforourcareers.Historically，workwasrarelyseenasasourceofmeaningandpurpose.Duringthevastmajorityofour300，000­yearhumanevolution(进化)，workwasinfactprettysimple.Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.Meaningandpurposecamefromsomewhereelse，likeculture，art，orscience.Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful—isarathermodern，orratherpostmodern，invention.Onlyonehundredyearsagoitwouldhavebeenfrequenttoseeworkerswhoreturnedfromatypicalworkdayatfactoriescomplaintotheirfolksthattheydidn'tearnmuchortheywerewornoutbutraretoseetheycomplaintheydidn'texperienceasenseofpurpose.Similarly，theideathatweoughttobringour“wholeself”toworkisaprettynovelandrecentformofcareeradvice.ItsoriginscanbetracedtoWilliamKahnwhoinventedtheconceptofemployeeengagement30yearsago.Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkroles.Someseeworkasmerelyajobandclockinandouteveryday，withoutbringingtheirwholeselftowork.Workisjustnotacoreaspectoftheiridentities，andtheirconceptofthemselvesisbuiltonothersocialcategorieslikemother，husband，American，captainofthelocalsoccerteam，etc.Others，however，haveaveryclosepsychologicalconnectionwiththeirworkroles，seeingthemasanessentialthingintertwined(紧密相连的)withwhotheyare.Theydon'tjustcometowork.Theyarefullydevotedtotheircareersandhaveaspiritualtypeofconnectionwiththeirjobs.Theyare，itseems，almostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholics(工作狂)mostcompanieslongfor.语篇解读：人的一生中，成年后大约有三分之一的时间都在工作，人们还用很多时间为职业做准备。然而从历史上来看，工作很少被看作人生意义和目标的来源。工作的意义以及全身心投入工作这些概念直到现代才出现。8．Whydidwespendmuchofouradultlifeworkingduringtheprocessofevolution?A．Toprepareforfuturecareers.B．Tofindthewatersources.C．Tohelpusevolve.D．Tomakeussurvive.D[细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.”可知，人类在进化过程中花大量时间劳动是为了获取食物，并且避免成为别人的食物，即为了生存，故选D项。]9．Whydidthewritermentiontheworkersacenturyago?A．Tohelpusfindmeaningatwork.B．Toprovethattheideawasmodern.C．Toshowusthebadolddays.D．Tocomplainabouttheexperiences.B[推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful—isarathermodern，orratherpostmodern，invention.”可知，在工作中寻求意义这种概念直到现代才有，紧跟着提到一百年前的工人的例子正是为了说明这一点，故选B项。]10．WhichofthefollowingmightWilliamKahnagreewith?A．Employeeshavedifferentunderstandingoftheirworkroles.B．Everyemployeemustbringtheirwholeselftowork.C．Tobedevotedtoworkisaprettynovelidea.D．Workers'coreidentityisbuiltonartcategories.A[推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkroles.”可知，他认为员工们对于自己工作角色的认同程度是因人而异的，故选A项。]11．Whatkindofemployeesdomostcompaniesfavor?A．Thosewhoseeworkasajob.B．Thosewhoidentifywiththeirworkroles.C．Thosewhoarefullydevotedtotheirwork.D．Thosewhopossessexperience.C[细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“Theyare，itseems，almostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholicsmostcompanieslongfor.”可知，大多数公司期望工作狂类型的员工，故选C项。]D(2021·威海市高考模拟)America'sfirsttranscontinentalrailroad，completed150yearsagotodayatPromontorySummitinUtah，connectedthevastUnitedStatesandbroughtAmericaintothemodernage.Chineseimmigrantscontributedgreatlytothisnotableachievement，butthehistoricalaccountsthatfollowedoftenignoredtheirrole.Between1863and1869，asmanyas20，000Chineseworkershelpedbuildthedangerouswesternpartoftherailroad，awindingribbonoftrackknownastheCentralPacificRailroad.Atfirst，theCentralPacificRailroad'sdirectorswantedawhitesonlyworkforce.Whennotenoughwhitemensignedup，therailroadbeganhiringChinesemenforthebackbreakinglabor.Companyleaderswereskepticalofthenewrecruits'abilitytodothework，buttheyprovedthemselvesnotonlycapablebutevensuperiortotheotherworkers.Chineseworkerscutthroughdenseforests，filleddeepnarrowsteepsidedvalleys，constructedlongtrestles(高架桥)andbuiltenormousretainingwalls(挡土墙)—someofwhichremaincompleteandundamagedtoday.Allworkwasdonebyhandusingcarts，shovelsandpicksbutnomachinery.However，progresscameatgreatcost：anestimated1，200ChineselaborersdiedalongtheCentralPacificRailroad.Despitethesefacts，Chineseworkerswereoftenleftoutoftheofficialstorybecauseoftheiridentityofforeigners.Onthetranscontinentalrailroad's100thbirthday，theChineseworkerswerestillnothonored.Itwasanotherfiftyyearslaterthattheirrolewasgraduallyhighlighted.Tocelebratetherailroad's150thanniversaryin2019，theCaliforniastateassemblypassedaresolutionin2017torecognizeandhonortheChineserailroadworkersbydesignatingMay10，2017，andeveryMay10thereafter，asCaliforniaChineseRailroadWorkersMemorialDay.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国移民对美国太平洋铁路的建设作出了重大贡献，但随后的历史记录往往忽视了他们的功劳。加州议会在2017年通过了一项决议来承认和尊重中国铁路工人所作的贡献。12．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBirthoftheCentralPacificRailroadCostDearlyB．May10—ASpecialDayforChineseImmigrantsC．ChineseWorkers'ContributionsGainedRecognitionD.The150thAnniversaryoftheCentralPacificRailroadC[考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了中国工人在美国太平洋铁路建设中所作的贡献，在2017年5月10日，中国铁路工人的劳动得到承认和尊重。故C项能概括文章主旨，适合用作标题。]13．Whatdoes“they”inParagraph2referto?A．Chineselaborers. B．Whiteworkers.C．Companyleaders. D．Railroaddirectors.A[考查代词指代。根据上文“Companyleaderswereskepticalofthenewrecruits'abilitytodothework”中的“newrecruits”以及上文中的“therailroadbeganhiringChinesemen”可知，they指代newrecruits，也就是中国劳工，故选A。]14．WhydoestheauthormakesuchdetaileddescriptionsinParagraph3?A．ToproveChineseworkers'superiorskills.B．Tostressthedangeranddifficultyofthework.C．Todescribethegrandsceneryalongtherailroad.D.ToshownotableachievementsmadebyChineseworkers.B[考查推理判断。第三段前半部分是对中国工人工作的描述：在茂密的森林中开出一条路，填充了陡峭的峡谷，建造了长长的高架桥和巨大的挡土墙，所有的工作都是通过手推车、铲子和镐手工完成的，没有机械设备，再结合最后一句中的“anestimated1，200ChineselaborersdiedalongtheCentralPacificRailroad”可知，这一系列详细描述是为了强调工作的危险和艰难。]15．Whatdoesthetextintendtotellus?A．Nonesoblindasthosewhowon'tsee.B．Nopains，nogains.C．Truthwillcometolightsoonerorlater.D．Doingisbetterthansaying.C[考查推理判断。综合全文可知，文章主要讲述了中国劳工的贡献在很多年以后终于被认可。Nonesoblindasthosewhowon'tsee意为“最瞎莫如视而不见”；Nopains，nogains意为“一分耕耘，一分收获”；Truthwillcometolightsoonerorlater意为“真相早晚会大白于世”；Doingisbetterthansaying意为“行胜于言”。故C项与文章主旨一致。]第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·山东省临沂市高三一模)LifeinDeathValleyDeathValleyisahugeplace，extendingmorethan225kilometersacrossthesouthernpartofCaliforniaintotheneighboringstateofNevada.Asbeautifulasthisplaceis，itsnameprovidesevidenceofveryrealdanger.__1__Ithasnearly1.4millionhectaresofdesertandmountainsthatstandmorethan3，000metershighintothesky.DeathValleycanbedangerouslycoldduringthewintermonths.Stormsinthemountainscancausesuddenfloodsonthefloorofthevalley.But，duringsummermonths，theairtemperaturehasoncebeenashighas57degreesCelsius.__2__TheextremeheatofDeathValleyhasoncekilledpeople.InmanyareasofDeathValley，itiseasytoseethatthegroundhasbeenpushedupviolentlybymovementsdeepintheearth.Thishascreatedunusualandbeautifulrockformations，withcolorsofred，brown，gray，yellowandblack.InotherpartsofDeathValley，therearelinesintherock.Itistheevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.__3__MuchofDeathValleylandisflatandextremelydry.Insomeareasthegroundcontainsnothingbutsalts.However，itwouldbewrongtothinkthatnothinglivesinDeathValley.__4__Wildflowersgrowveryquicklyafterevenasmallamountofrain.SeveralkindsofbirdsliveinDeathValley.Visitorsmightseethedog­likeanimalcalledcoyote，orthewildbighornsheep，orotheranimalslikethedeserttortoise.Throughouthistory，NativeAmericansfoundwaystosurviveinDeathValley.Rockartandotherremainsshowthathumanslivedinthevalleyasfarbackas9，000yearsago.Nowadays，morethanonemillionpeoplevisititeachyear.__5__Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleygoldandthecolordeepenstosoftbrown，thenchangestodarkred.Asnightcomes，themountainsturndarkpurple，thenblack.A．Thevalleyisfulloflife.B．Thesettingsunisvisitors'favorite.C．Sceneshereseemtochangeeachminute.D．DeathValleyisaplaceofstrangeandsilentbeauty.E．DeathValleydoesn'tforgivethosewhoarenotcareful.F.DeathG．Theareawasdeepunderanoceanformanythousandsofyears.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是美国加利福尼亚州死亡谷的美景与其极端的气候等信息。1．F[前文讲到，尽管这个地方很美丽，但其名字也透露了那里存在真正的危险。后文讲到，这儿有将近140万公顷的沙漠和海拔3，000多米的山脉，冬季非常寒冷，山中的暴风雨会在谷底引发山洪。由此可知，本段主要描述的是死亡谷的危险之处，故F项(死亡谷这片大陆有极致的美景，但也极其危险)符合语境。]2．E[前文讲到，夏季温度曾达到过57摄氏度；根据设空处后一句可知，死亡谷的极端高温曾经夺去过人的生命。结合选项可知，E项(死亡谷不容许人们不小心)符合语境。]3．G[根据前文的“Itistheevidenceofthepastpresenceofwater.”可知，这里曾经存在水，故G项(这片区域曾经深埋于海洋之下长达数千年)符合语境。]4．A[空前一句讲到，然而，认为死亡谷没有生命的存在也是不对的。结合后文的Wildflowersgrowveryquickly和选项可知，A项(死亡谷充满生机)符合此处语境。]5．C[根据后文的“Thesunslowlyturnsthevalleygoldandthecolordeepenstosoftbrown，thenchangestodarkred.”可知，山谷的颜色在不断变化。结合选项可知，C项(这里的风景似乎每一分钟都在变化)符合语境。]第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout.Asalittlekid，singingandtryingoutfortheschoolplayreallymademe__1__．Therewasnothingthatcouldkeepmeawayfrommy__2__untilmiddleschool.Everyeighthgraderwhowantedtobeinthemiddleschoolshowchoir__3__theaudition(试唱)foraprogram.Whenitwasmy__4__toentertheroom，Igotvery__5__—mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced.Theaudition__6__likethis：theintroduction，thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck—thechoirdirectorplayedanoteonthepianowhichIhadto__7__．BeforeIknewit，theauditionwasover.Ifeltnothingbut__8__，forthevibrato(颤音)wasamazingandIalsohitevery__9__．Weekspassedandthelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted.WhenIwas__10__theshowchoirlist，Ifoundmyname.__11__，thiswasn'twhatIhadexpected.“Angelica—alternate(候补者).”Analternate？Wasmyauditionthat__12__？Ithoughttomyself.AfterIsawthis，my__13__disappeared.MyoutsideshowedIwasn't__14__butontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup.Ihadno__15__oftakingtheshowchoiratall.Ayearlater，onedayIwasatarestaurantthatheldkaraoketothecustomers.Myparentsbeggedmetogoupandsing.IsaidnoatfirstbutfinallyIgotenough__16__togoup.Itmademe__17__atthebeginning，butIstartedoffmysongandgainedmoreconfidenceasIcontinued.WhenIhitthehighnotesin“IknowI'mnottheonlyone”，thepeopleeatingcheeredforme.I__18__Ihadn'tgotintooneprogrambutthatdidnotmeanIhadtogiveupallhope，andthatI__19__hadthatpassion.ThelessonIlearnedwasifyouare__20__ordonotgettheoutcomeyouwant，anditissomethingyou'reinlovewith，don'tgiveup.语篇解读：作者从小非常热爱音乐，但是在八年级时参加学校表演合唱团试唱却成为候补者的经历，让作者备受打击，自信心受挫，甚至不打算参加表演合唱团了。一年之后，作者在一家餐馆的演唱让作者重获信心，同时也得到了这样的教训：当在自己热爱的事情上被拒绝或没有得到自己想要的结果时，不要放弃。1．A.stressed B．quietC．confused D．happyD[根据上句“MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout”可知，作者非常热爱音乐，由此可知，唱歌和参加学校戏剧演员甄选真的让作者很开心(happy)。stressed“焦虑不安”。]2．A.adventure B．curiosityC．passion D．sympathyC[根据上文中的“MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout”可知，作者视音乐如生命，没有什么能够阻挡她对音乐的热爱(passion)。]3．A.attended B．heldC．passed D．abandonedA[结合语境和常识可知，想要进入校表演合唱团的话，需要参加一个节目的试唱。]4．A.duty B．privilegeC．habit D．turnD[根据语境可知，参加试唱的学生需要依次进行试唱。此处表示该轮到作者进入房间了。privilege“特权，荣幸”不符合语境。]5．A.calm B．touchedC．nervous D．angryC[根据空后的“mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced”可知，作者感到非常紧张。]6．A.ended B．wentC．occurred D．changedB[根据本句中的“theintroduction，thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck”可知，这是试唱的基本流程。go“进展，进行”符合语境。]7．A.match B．takeC．learn D．reviewA[根据本句中的“therangecheck”并结合语境和常识可知，在试唱的音域检查环节，当合唱团的负责人在钢琴上弹奏一个音调的时候，试唱者需要匹配该音调。]8．A.guilt B．reliefC．regret D．painB[根据本句中的“forthevibrato(颤音)wasamazing”可知，尽管试唱前很紧张，但试唱后作者觉得自己表现不错，所以感到宽心(relief)。]9．A.note B．targetC．post D．wallA[结合语境可知，作者对自己的试唱感到满意，她的颤音令人惊叹，并且她唱准了每个音调。]10．A.drawingup B．handinginC．takingdown D．lookingthroughD[根据上句中的“thelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted”可知，录取名单公布后，作者去看自己的名字是否在名单上。lookthrough“浏览，快速查看”符合语境。drawup“起草，拟订”；handin“上交，提交”；takedown“取下，记录”。]11．A.Otherwise B．ThereforeC．However D．InsteadC[结合空处前后的内容“Ifoundmyname”和“thiswasn'twhatIhadexpected”可知，尽管作者的名字在名单上，但是并不是自己期待的那样，前后形成转折，故选C。]12．A.familiar B．terribleC．impressive D．naturalB[结合上文可知，作者对自己的试唱感到满意，结果却以候补者的身份被选中，所以作者暗想：“难道我的试唱那么糟糕吗？”。]13．A.patience B．imaginationC．independence D．confidenceD[根据语境可知，作者对自己的试唱感到满意，但在看了录取名单后发现结果不是自己期待的那样，于是自信心消失了。]14．A.sad B．coolC．serious D．gratefulA[根据空后的“butontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup”可知，作者表面上表现出不伤心的样子，但内心却已崩溃。]15．A.wisdom B．chanceC．intention D．impressionC[根据上文可知，作者自信心消失，内心崩溃，因此都不计划再去参加表演合唱团了。]16．A.courage B．knowledgeC．luck D．permissionA[结合下文中的“Istartedoffmysong”可知，起初作者拒绝上台演唱，但是最终有了足够的勇气上台。]17．A.march B．relaxC．sweat D．complainC[根据上文可知，作者由于之前的经历自信心不足，因此上台唱歌之初，还有些紧张冒汗(sweat)。march“前进”。]18．A.doubted B．realizedC．promised D．advocatedB[结合语境可知，当作者唱准高音时，听众为她欢呼，这令作者意识到：没有参加一个节目并不意味着自己应该放弃所有的希望，自己仍然拥有对音乐的热爱。]19．A.just B．yetC．even D．stillD[参见上题解析。]20．A.laidoff B．turneddownC．lookeddownon D．madefunofB[根据上文所述的作者未被校表演合唱团正式录取而是成为候补者以及之后的经历可知，作者得到了这样的教训：当在自己热爱的事情上被拒绝或没有得到自己想要的结果时，不要放弃。layoff“解雇”；turndown“拒绝”。]第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)Ataveryyoungage，OindrilaBasuhadnoideaof1.________tolivewithnature.Shewouldclimbtreesordestroythenestsofbirdsjustforfun，likeotherkids.Oncehermothercaughtherandgotangry，andthenthegirlrealizedshe2.________(do)somethingterriblywrong.ThisisjustawaythatBasu'sparentsshapedherunderstandingandappreciationofnature.3.________(live)inthecountryside，shespentheryouthstudyingantsbeforetherain，watchingsunbirdsdrinkhoney，countingfirefliesandwatchingyoungplantsgrow.Thenherparentsdecidedtomovetoanearbycity4.________bettereducationalchances，andthenshestoppedhavingfirsthandexperienceswithnature.Later，asshestruggled5.________(choose)acollegemajor，hermothersuggestedacareerinforestry(林业).That'swhenherjourneybegan，andshefellinlovewithforestry.Awayfromthecrowdedcities，inthelapoftheHimalayas，shegraduatedinforestryfromKumaunUniversity，India.Whenshewentontostudya6.________(master)degreeinforestryfromtheForestResearchInstitute，India，shefinallygotintroducedtoagroupoflikemindedpeople，devotedtotheInternationalForestryStudents'Association(IFSA).IFSAisa7.________(globe)organizationconnectingstudentstoexchangeknowledgeandparticipateinforestryactivities.TheyouthjoiningIFSAare8.________(encourage)toundertakeitstask—toenrichforesteducationandspreadaloveofnaturethrougheventsandexchanges.Aftersixmonthsofexcitinginternationalconferencesandworkshops，Basu，then25，foundherhome—afamilythatlovedforestsasmuch9.________shedid.shefeltmoreactive，soherpassionhadadirection.Nowshewantstodomore.AsakeymemberofIFSA，Basurecalledtheexperienceofjoiningit，“10.________(deliberate)orbyaccident，wechoseforestry，orrather，forestrychoseus.”语篇解读：OindrilaBasu小时候喜欢爬树、破坏鸟巢，在她的妈妈的教育和引导下，她逐渐爱上了大自然。之后她在妈妈的建议下选择了林业专业，并获得了林业硕士学位，而且成了国际林业学生协会成员。1．解析：考查副词。根据下句可知，为了好玩，她会爬树或者破坏鸟巢；又结合语境可知，OindrilaBasu在很小的时候不知道如何和大自然相处，故用how。答案：how2．解析：考查动词的时态。句意：她的妈妈曾经抓住了她并且发怒了，然后这位女孩才意识到她做了非常错误的事情。根据该句中的“realized”，并结合句意可知，她做那些非常错误的事情发生在她意识到之前，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。答案：haddone3．解析：考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，动词live和主语she为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。答案：Living4．解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“她的父母为了更好的教育机会决定搬到附近的一个城市”，表目的；此处也可以表示“她的父母决定搬到附近的一个有更好教育机会的城市”，表示“带有”，故填for/with。答案：for/with5．解析：考查动词不定式。struggletodosth.为固定搭配，意为“努力做某事”，故该处用动词不定式。答案：tochoose6．解析：考查固定用法。master'sdegree为固定用法，意为“硕士学位”。句意：当她继续在印度森林研究所攻读林业硕士学位时，她最终结识了一群志趣相投的人，致力于国际林业学生协会。答案：master's7．解析：考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词organization，故用形容词。答案：global8．解析：考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，该句主语Theyouth和动词encourage之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。答案：encouraged9．解析：考查固定用法。“as＋adj./adv.＋as...”为固定用法，表示“和……一样……”。句意：经过六个月激动人心的国际会议和研讨会，当时25岁的Basu找到了她的家——一个和她一样热爱森林的家庭。答案：as10．解析：考查副词。空处在该句中作状语，修饰整个句子，故用副词形式。答案：Deliberately第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastsummervacationItravelledtoAmericaandImetalotofforeigner.Ifoundatourguidewh