高考英语一轮复习UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS学案新人教版必修第二册

PAGEPAGE11UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS美文诵读——开启快乐学习之旅eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(美文欣赏)Theworld'shighesthighwaytunnelwasopenedtotrafficonApril26,2019,atanaltitudeofover4，750metersabovesealevelinsouthwestChina'sTibet.Thetwo­waytunnelisover5.7kmlong,whichisapartofthe400­kmhighwayconnectingLhasawithNyingchi.AnditwasfinishedonMonday,helpingshortenthe18­kmdistanceoverthemountainsto5.7km.Itwasn'teasytobuildthehighesttunnelinChina.Terriblycoldweatherandtoolittleoxygenweretwomaindifficulties.Morethantenlatesttechniqueswerecreatedwhileworkersweredoingthisgreatproject.ThehighwayisofimportancetotheeasternpartofTibet.ItcanhelpmakemorepeoplevisitTibetandbringtrafficconveniencetolocalpeople.,eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(写作借鉴)好词靓语1．beopenedto 开通……2．atanaltitudeof 海拔……高度3．abovesealevel 海平面以上4．connect...with... 连接……和……5．beofimportanceto 对……很重要6．bringconvenienceto... 给……带来便利eq\a\vs4\al()eq\a\vs4\al(小试身手)翻译句子1．让他们向市民道歉是不容易的。It_wasn't_easy_to_ask_them_to_apologize_to_citizens.2．这对提高环境的安全性具有重要意义。It_may_be_of_great_importance_to_improve_the_security_of_the_environment.eq\a\vs4\al()课前自检——先记忆再自测，锁定薄弱点►对应学生用书P053【主干知识背诵】Ⅰ.单词派生记忆1．puzzlen．迷；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzledadj.迷惑不解的→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的2．belongvi.应在(某处)；适应→belongingsn．财产；所有物；相关事物3．legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.非法的4．surroundvt.围绕；包围→surroundingsn．(复数)周围的事物；环境→surroundingadj.周围的5．evidencen．证据；证明→evidentadj.明显的；明白的6．achievevt.完成；达到→achievementn．成就；成绩7．defendv．防守；防御；保护；辩护→defencen．防御；保卫8．announcevt.宣布；通知；声称→announcementn．通知；宣告→announcern．播音员；广播员9．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generouslyadv.慷慨地；大方地→generosityn．慷慨10．eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.急切地；渴望地；热心地→eagernessn．渴望11．greetvt.问候；迎接→greetingn．问候；招呼12．crowdn．人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的Ⅱ.单元核心短语1．join...to... 把……和……连接或联结起来2．breakaway(fromsb./sth.) 脱离；背叛；逃脱3．belongto 属于4．aswellas 同(一样也)；和；还5．keepyoureyesopen(for) 留心；留意6．takeover 占优势；接管7．haveagreatinfluenceon 对……有深远的影响8．havealonghistoryof 有着悠久历史9．makeup 组成10．greet...with... 用……来迎接……11．belikelytodosth. 可能做某事Ⅲ.教材重要词块1．differenteducationsystems 不同的教育制度2．makechangestothelegalsystem 对法律制度作出改变3．militarydefense 军事防御4．atdifferenttimes 在不同时代5．ahistorictouristdestination 一个历史旅游胜地6．theservicedesk 服务台7．atruefeastfortheeyes 一场真正的视觉盛宴8．arollinggreenhill 连绵起伏的青山9．thepeacefullandscape 宁静的风景10．dottedwithsheepandcattle 牛羊分散着分布11．adelicioustraditionalsnack 美味的传统美食12．afriendlyface 友好的面孔Ⅳ.经典句式1．Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有相同的货币和国防一样，它们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。2．TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。3．Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall,offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses.美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。4．Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes,withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。5．Withallthisbeauty，itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.这般美景，造就了爱尔兰音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等大量的传统也就不足为奇了。【基础小题自测】Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Hewaspunishedforgivingfalseevidence(证据).2．Itisabasicsocialcustom(风俗)toofferacupofteatothemwheneverguestsvisit.3．Heformallyannounced(宣布)onThursdayhisintentiontoretireinJanuary2022.4．Hehasappliedtothatfamouscompanyforaposition(职位)ofanaccountant.5．Tonyapproached(靠近)Julia,touchedhershoulderandkissedheronthecheek!6．Theschoolstrugglestotreatpupilsasindividual(个人)andhelpeachonetoachievetheirfullpotential.7．Theystealfrompeople'sbankaccounts,downloadsensitiveinformationandattacklegal(合法的)websites.8．Afterthebattle(战役)theyburiedthedeadandbroughtwiththemthewounded.Ⅱ.词汇派生1．Havingsufferedalotfromwars,peopleinthatareacallforanendtowarseagerly(eager).2．OntheNationalDay,thestreetswerecrowded(crowd)withalargenumberofpeople.3．Heisakindandgenerousmanandhegenerouslycontributedalotofmoneytothevillageschoollastweek.Hisgenerosityisworthadmiring.(generous)4．Thepuzzlehaspuzzledsomanystudentsintheuniversity，whichisreallypuzzling．(puzzle)5．Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouareboundtoachieveyourdreamofbeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity,whichwillgiveyouawonderfulsenseofachievement．(achieve)6．Thevillageissurroundedbymanytalltreesandthereisnomorebeautifulplacethanitinthesurroundingarea，buttheforeignerhasspentseveralweeksgettingusedtothenewsurroundings．(surround)Ⅲ.短语填空resultin,makeup,breakawayfrom,belongto,aswellas,takeover,greet...with...,belikelyto1．Hemade_upsomeexcuseabouthisdaughterbeingsick.2．Hissuddenheadacheresulted_inhisnotbeingabletoattendtheparty.3．Technologyisheretohelpus,butweshouldnotallowittotake_overourlives.4．Whentheguywastryingtobreak_away_fromtheoldman,hewascaughtbythepoliceonthespot.5．Youmaynotunderstandwhattheyhavedone,becausetheybelong_toayoungergeneration.6．Peopleare_likely_toforgettheirowntraditionandcultureiftheyfocustoomuchonforeignfestivals.eq\a\vs4\al()课堂讲练——析词汇研句式，强化核心点►对应学生用书P054重点词汇·分类突破【核心词汇·精析精练】1．puzzlen．迷；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑[派生]puzzledadj.迷惑不解的puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的[近义]confusepuzzleabout/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索apuzzletosb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情bepuzzledabout... 对……迷惑不解[小题练透]写出加黑词汇的意义/单句语法填空①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)Someparentswillbuyanyhigh­techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath­relatedskills.智力游戏②WhatpuzzlesyouisactuallyapuzzletomanyparentsinChina.③Thesescientistshavebeenpuzzlingabout/overhowtosolvetheenvironmentalproblem.[写作运用]完成句子④警察仍在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的。Thepoliceare_still_puzzling_about/over_howtheaccidentcouldhavehappened.2．belongvi.应在(某处)；适应(1)belongto表示“是……的财产；是……的组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。(2)belongingsn．财产，所有物；相关事物[佳句背诵]Thepastbelongstodeath,andthefuturebelongstoyourself.过去属于死神，未来属于你自己。[小题练透]单句语法填空①(2019·6月浙江卷语法填空)Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.②Havingsoldmostofhisbelongings(belong),healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.[写作运用]一句多译老虎是一种大而凶猛的猫科动物。③Atigerisalargefierceanimalbelonging_tothecatfamily.(分词作定语)④Atigerisalargefierceanimalwhich/that_belongs_tothecatfamily.(定语从句)[名师点拨]belongto中to为介词，后接名词或代词宾格，不接名词性物主代词(如mine,yours,his,hers等)。不用于进行时态，但作后置定语时常用现在分词形式。3．surroundvt.围绕；包围[派生]surroundingsn．(复数)周围的事物；环境surroundingadj.周围的surround...with... 用……包围/围绕……besurroundedby/with... 被……包围[小题练透]单句语法填空①(2019·江苏卷阅读D)Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surrounded(surround)byhisfamily.②Thesurrounding(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedby/intothegrowingcity.③Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautifulsurroundings(surround).[写作运用]完成句子④(2020·浙江卷读后续写)饥饿的熊循着气味来到我们的营地，它被很高的电线栅栏围着。Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,which_was_surrounded_by_a_high_wire_fence．[名师点拨]surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围的具体的物质环境；而environment是集体名词，常用单数形式，表示对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。4．chargen．收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电[近义]fee,fare,cost,control,accuse(1)chargesb.forsth. 为某物向某人收取费用chargesb.with(doing)sth. 控告某人(做)某事(2)takechargeof 掌管/负责……inchargeof 控制/管理……inthechargeof 受……的管理；由……负责(3)freeofcharge＝forfree 免费[佳句背诵]Nooneisinchargeofyourhappinessexceptyou.没人能主宰你的幸福，除了你自己！[小题练透]对比填空(with/of/for)①Thenice­lookinggirlwaschargedwithstealingthejewelsonexhibition.②Thenice­lookinggirlwasaccusedofstealingthejewelsonexhibition.③Thirdly，Iwonderhowmuchyouwillchargeusforthesix­weekcourse.[写作运用]句型转换④(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Mr.Bellisinchargeoftheprojectforthebossisonabusinesstrip.④－1Theprojectis_in_the_charge_ofMr.Bellforthebossisonabusinesstrip.④－2Mr.Belltakes_charge_oftheprojectforthebossisonabusinesstrip.[名师点拨]inchargeof多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；inthechargeof多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：inpossessionof,inthepossessionof;incontrolof,inthecontrolof。5.announcevt.宣布；通知；声称[派生]announcementn．通知；宣告announcern．播音员；宣告者[近义]declare(1)announcesth.tosb.＝announcetosb.sth. 向某人宣布某事Itis/wasannouncedthat... 据宣布……(2)makeanannouncement 发布宣告或通知[小题练透]写出加黑词汇的意义/单句语法填空①Thefirstfewleavesonthegroundannouncedthebeginningofautumn.预示②Theprimeministerismakinganimportantannouncement(announce)atthemoment.③Attheendofthemeeting,itwas_announced(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.[写作运用]完成句子④我很荣幸地宣布我将竞选学生会主席。It's_my_great_honor_to_announce_thatIamrunningforchairmanoftheStudents'Union.6．approachn．接近；方法；途径vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近[近义]way,method,means(1)anapproachto... 接近；近似；……的方法/途径attheapproachof 在快到……的时候(2)approachsb./sth. 靠近/接近某人/某物beapproaching 正在/将要接近[小题练透]单句语法填空①Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproachestothestudyofmathematics.②Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproachestogathering(gather)information.③Withthefinaltermexamapproaching(approach),allthestudentsarebusyreviewingtheirlessons.[写作运用]一句多译(2020·7月浙江卷满分作文)此外，随着高考的临近，我们都在忙着为高考做充分的准备。④What'smore,with_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaching/drawing_near/around_the_corner,_wearebusymakingfullpreparationsforit.(with复合结构)⑤Besides,as_the_College_Entrance_Examination_approaches/draws_near/is_around_the_corner,_wearebusymakingfullpreparationsforit.(as引导状语从句)[名师点拨]注意下面“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配：①theapproachto(doing)sth.②thewaytodo/of(doing)sth.③themeansof(doing)sth.④themethodof(doing)sth.7．breakaway(from)脱离；背叛；逃脱breakdown 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解breakin 破门而入；打断(谈话等)breakinto 强行闯入；突然……起来breakout (战争、火灾等)爆发；发生(无被动语态)breakup 解体；拆分；驱散；分手；结束；放假[佳句背诵]WHOexpertshavevisitedWuhanincentralChinawherethevirusfirstbrokeout.世界卫生组织专家已访问了首次爆发病毒的中国中部城市武汉。[小题练透]单句语法填空①Theboywassoangrythathebrokeawayfromhismotherandranaway.②MotherbrokeintomyroomandtoldmenottostayuporIwouldbreak_down．[写作运用]完成句子③她正试图摆脱坏习惯，这让她的父母很高兴。Sheistryingtobreak_away_from_the_bad_habit，whichmakesherparentshappy.【重点词汇·辨清记牢】Ⅰ.阅读词汇语境辨义A．n.祖先B．n.气味；气息C．n.(艺术)展览馆D．n.个人E．vt.征服1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读A)ThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.__C__2．(2020·5月天津卷阅读D)Withtheinformationabouttheancestors,onecanbecomemoreexperiencedinhandlingchallengesoflife.__A__3．(2019·北京卷七选五)Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.__D__4．Irelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtoconquerIreland.__E__Ⅱ.多义词汇语境辨义1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Theartistwassurehewouldbechosen,butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.__B__A．adj.主要的 B．adj.首席的2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.__A__A．n.报酬，回报 B．n.通货；货币3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.__B__A．n.位置 B．n.职位4．根据语境选出approach的含义eq\x(A.vt.接近B．n.方法C．n.途径D．vt.处理)①(2020·7月浙江卷阅读B)InBellevue，theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.__B__②(2020·天津卷阅读D)Youshouldremainmodestwhenapproachingperfection.__A__③(全国卷Ⅰ七选五)Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.__D__经典句式·用活写美1．句型公式：过去分词作宾语补足语[教材原句]TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。[写作运用]完成句子踢足球时，他摔断了一条腿。Hehad_one_of_his_legs_broken_whileplayingfootball.2．句型公式：keep＋宾语＋宾补[教材原句]Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心，你会很吃惊地发现你既能看到它的过去又能看到它的现在。keep复合结构构成：keep＋sb./sth.＋形容词/副词keep＋sb./sth.＋介词短语keep＋sb./sth.＋doing(表示主动、进行)keep＋sb./sth.＋done(表示被动、完成)[小题练透]单句语法填空①Keepyourmouthshut(shut)andyoureyesopen(open).②Theyusecomputerstokeepthetrafficrunning(run)smoothly.③Pleaseremainseatedandkeepyourseatbeltsfastened(fasten).[写作运用]翻译句子④为了让我们的脚干燥舒服，这种新鞋配备了微型电扇。To_keep_our_feet_dry_and_comfortable,_this_new_kind_of_shoes_is_equipped_with_a_micro_fan.当堂自测·查漏补缺Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iappreciatetheprofessor'snewapproachtoteaching(teach)languages.2．Thismorning,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswere