高考英语一轮复习Unit3Computers学案新人教版必修

PAGEPAGE24Unit3Computers一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．calculatorn． 计算器2．laptopn. 手提电脑3．analyticaladj. 分析的4．universaladj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的5．revolutionn. 革命6．artificialadj. 人造的；假的7．mathematicaladj. 数学的8．designern. 设计师9．tuben. 管；管子；电子管10．networkn. 网络；网状物11．webn. 网12．rocketn. 火箭13．downloadvt. 下载14．virusn. 病毒15．androidn. 机器人16．mopn. 拖把vt. 用拖把拖；擦17．naughtyadj. 顽皮的；淘气的18．spoilvt. 损坏；宠坏(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．calculatevt. 计算2．sumn. 总数；算术题；金额3．technologyn. 工艺；科技；技术4．solvevt. 解决；解答5．realityn. 真实；事实；现实6．mobileadj. 可移动的；机动的7．anyhowadv. (也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此8．goaln. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分9．happinessn. 幸福；快乐10．signalvi.&vt. 发信号n. 信号11．typen. 类型vt.&vi. 打字12．coachn. 教练13．arisevi. 出现；发生14．electronicadj. 电子的15．charactern. 性格；特点(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．operatev．操作；经营→operatorn．(电脑)操作员；接线员→operationn．操作；经营2．simpleadj.简单的→simplifyvt.简化3．intelligentadj.智能的；聪明的→intelligencen．智力；聪明；智能4．totaladj.总的；整个的n．总数；合计→totallyadv.完全地；整个地5．personaladj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personallyadv.就个人而言；亲自→personalityn．个性；人格6．applyv．应用；涉及；申请→applicantn．申请人；求职者→applicationn．应用；用途；申请7．financen．金融；财经→financialadj.财政的；金融的；资金的8．explorevt.&vi.探索；探测；探究→explorern．探险家；勘探者→explorationn．勘探；探测；探险9．appearvi.出现→appearancen．外观；外貌；出现[语境活用]1．Trytosimplify(simple)yourexplanationtothestudentstohelpthemunderstandbetter.2．Thereisanotherkindofbeautythathasnothingtodowithappearance(appear),butcomesfromtheheart.3．Humansoranimalsofhighintelligencearealwaysintelligent.(intelligent)4．Therewereabout40peopleatthepartyintotal.Theysanganddancedwithabandon,totallyforgettingthetroublesintheirlives.(total)5．Afterthepresidentmadeanofficialannouncement,sheexpressedherpersonalopinion.Personallyspeaking,Iagreedwithwhatshesaid.(person)6．AllapplicantswhohaveappliedforthejobmusthandintheapplicationformsbeforenextMonday.(apply)7．Ateamofexplorerswillexplorethevalleyandtheexplorationwilllast10days.(explore)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．solvevt.解决；解答背词条用法(1)solvea/theproblem解决/处理问题(2)a/thesolutiontosth.……的解决方法背写作佳句①Inordertosolvetheproblem,I,togetherwithmyfriends,ambentonwritingsomesuggestionstoourschool.为了解决这个问题，我和我的朋友一心想要给学校写点建议。②Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.找到这个问题的解决方法可能会用很长时间。2.applicationn．应用；用途；申请背词条用法(1)makeanapplication(tosb.)for(向某人)申请……the/anapplicationform申请表(2)applyfor申请applyto...for...向……申请……背写作佳句①Aftergraduatingfromthecollege,hemadeanapplicationtotheschoolforajobasateacher.大学毕业后，他向学校申请一份当老师的工作。②I'mwritingthislettertoapplyforthejobasavolunteerthatyouhaveadvertisedontheInternet.我写这封信是申请你们在网上登广告的志愿者工作。3．signalvi.&vt.发信号n.信号背词条用法(1)signaltosb.todosth.示意某人做某事signal(tosb.)that...示意(某人)……(2)giveasignal(tosb.)(向某人)发信号asignal(forsb.)todosth.某人做某事的信号atrafficsignal交通信号sendoutasignal发出信号背写作佳句①Thepolicemansignaledtothedrivertostophiscarbyraisinghishand.警察举手示意司机停车。②Bodylanguagecangiveawayalotaboutyourmood,sostandingwithyourarmsfoldedcansendoutasignalthatyouarebeingdefensive.肢体语言能泄露很多你的情绪，因此，双臂交叠站着传出的信号是你处于防御状态。4．arisevi.(arose,arisen)出现；发生；由……引起；产生；起身；起床背词条用法arisefrom＝ariseoutof由……引起/产生；从……中产生arisefromone'schair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来if/whentheneedarises如果/当有需要时背写作佳句①Asisknowntoall,emotionalormentalproblemscanarisefromaphysicalcause.众所周知，情绪或精神问题可能是由身体原因引起的。②Whenthequestionaroseatthemeeting，noonecouldanswerit.当这个问题出现在会议上时，没人能回答它。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行再认再现1．from...on 从……时起2．inaway 在某种程度上3．withthehelpof 在……的帮助下4．dealwith 处理；安排；对付5．watchover 看守；监视；照管6．provide...for... 给……提供……7．have...incommon 有……共同之处8．share...with... 与……分享……9．asaresult 结果10．makeup 弥补；编造；打扮；构成11．afterall 毕竟；终究12．makefulluseof 充分利用eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．asaresult结果；因此背相关短语(1)asaresultof因为；由于(2)resultin导致；造成resultfrom由……造成；起因于背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Asaresult，adequatepreparationisurgentlyneeded，includingpractice,nutritionandaperfectplan.因此，迫切需要充分的准备，包括练习、营养和完善的计划。②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Asforme,I'mfascinatedbyropeskipping,whichcanresultintheflexibilityofmybody.至于我，我对跳绳很着迷，这会使我的身体变得灵活。2．inaway在某种程度上；从某一角度看背相关短语alltheway一路上；自始至终；完全bytheway顺便说一下innoway一点也不；决不(位于句首时，句子应使用部分倒装)inthisway以这种方法intheway挡道；妨碍ontheway在途中背写作佳句①Inaway,thecomputerplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinourlifeandwork.从某种程度上说，电脑在我们的生活和工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Generallyspeaking,innowayshouldyourarrivalbelaterthanthefixedtime.一般来说，你的抵达时间绝不能晚于约定的时间。③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Bytheway,ourmusicteacherandforeignteachersarescheduledtoshowuponthestage.顺便说一下，我们的音乐老师和外教将在台上露面。3．dealwith处理；安排；对付；论及；涉及；与……打交道，做买卖背相关短语(1)dealin经营makeadeal成交；达成交易(2)dowithsth.处理某事背写作佳句①Idon'tknowhowtodealwiththemandealinginsecondcars.Canyoutellmewhattodowithmyoldcar？我不知道如何与那个经营二手车的人打交道。你能告诉我如何处理我的那辆旧车吗？②Somethingunexpectedthrowsmyparents'routineintoconfusion,whichtheyhavetodealwith.一些意想不到的事情把我父母的日常生活弄得一团糟，他们不得不处理这些事情。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller.(as引导时间状语从句)随着时间的流逝，我被做得更小了。佳句①It'shightimethatwestudentsshouldwork/workedharderatourlessonsastheCollegeEntranceExaminationisapproaching.随着高考的临近，该是我们学生更加努力学习的时候了。佳句②Asspacetechnologydevelopssorapidly,wearesuretomakeavisittothemoonsomeday.随着太空技术的快速发展，我们一定会在将来某一天拜访月球。2．AndmymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldn'tbelieveit！(so...that...引导结果状语从句)我的存储量变得如此之大，以至于我自己都不能相信！佳句①(2020·江苏高考书面表达)Foronething,sostrikingistheoveralldevelopmentinChinathattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.一方面，中国总体发展是如此惊人，以至于他们急于熟悉中国的情况。佳句②(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Sosignificantisthegamethatitisrequiredthateveryoneshouldpresentthemselvespunctually.这场比赛意义重大，要求每个人都要准时到场。3．BythetimeIwassixteen,mydreamhadcometrue.[by＋过去的时间/从句(过去时)]在我十六岁时，我的梦想成真了。佳句①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Bythetimewearrivedatthefarm,teachershadarrangedeverythingforus.我们到达农场时，老师已经为我们安排好了一切。佳句②Bythetimehewasfiveyearsold,hehadlearnedhowtoplaythepiano.到他五岁时，他已学会了如何弹钢琴。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Inmyfreetime,Iwillcontinuetakingregularexercise,suchasswimming,runningandvariousballgamesinsteadofabandoningmyselftocomputergames.在我的空闲时间，我将继续进行有规律的锻炼，比如游泳、跑步和各种球类运动，而不是沉迷于电脑游戏。2．IfeelitisimportantforuseithertolimitouruseoftheInternet,ortolearnhowtohandletheproblemsithascaused.在我看来，要么限制我们使用互联网，要么学会如何处理互联网所引起的问题，这对我们来说很重要。3．Followthesetips,andyourtimespentdoingresearchontheInternetwillbemuchmoreworthwhile.遵循这些窍门，你在网上做研究所花的时间就会更加值得。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——邀请信(三)[题目要求](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：1．球队活动；2.报名方式及截止日期。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearEric，I'mLiHua.Iamwritingtoinviteyoutojointhetabletennisteaminourschool.Wouldyouliketojoinus?Asyouknow,I'monourschooltabletennisteam,whichbenefitsmealot.Playingtabletennispreventsmefrombeinglazyandkeepsmephysicallyhealthy,whichismyfavouritesports.Wetrainregularlyeveryweekandoftenparticipateinmatchesinsideandoutsideschool.Ofcourse,wehavemadegoodscores.Now,ourteamistakinginnewmembers.Ithinkyouaretherightperson.Ifyouareinterestedinit,pleasefillintheapplicationformontheschoolwebsitebeforeJune3.Hopingtogetyourreplyassoonaspossible.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学亮丽开头开头首先介绍自己，表明身份。随后用I'mwritingtoinviteyoutojoin...经典句式以及Wouldyouliketojoinus？一般疑问句对留学生朋友Eric发出邀请，体现出了诚恳的邀请态度。2．学高级表达(1)恰当运用高级语块，如：prevent...from...,keepsb.physicallyhealthy,participatein,takein,assoonaspossible等，使文章增色不少。(2)有效使用高级句式，如：非限制性定语从句Asyouknow和whichbenefits...；动名词短语作主语Playingtabletennis；条件状语从句Ifyouareinterestedinit等，都给文章增添了不少亮点。3．学精彩结尾结尾用Hopingtogetyourreplyassoonaspossible.表达了自己的期待，简洁实用。4．防微点失分考生容易因忽略主谓一致，把“Playingtabletennispreventsmefrombeinglazy”中的prevents误用成prevent，或把“Wetrainregularlyeveryweekandoftenparticipateinmatches”中的matches误写成matchs，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Werowedashore,thenexplored(探索)theislandonfootfortherestoftheday.2．Itwasjustherchildhoodexperiencesthataffectedhercharacter(性格)andlaterlife.3．Thesoftwarecanbedownloaded(下载)forfreefromtheInternet.4．Scientistshavecalculated(计算)thattheworld'spopulationwilldoublebytheendofthecentury.5．Afteryearsofhardwork,hisdreamhasbeenturnedintoreality(现实)．6．Hetoldmenottobuyit,butIboughtitanyhow(无论如何)．7．Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal(得分)．8．Thebasketballcoach(教练),aswellashisteam,wasinterviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C)Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat. 改革2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)Inrecentcenturies，trade，industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation­stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation，especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear... 广泛的3．Furthermore，studiesshowthatfinancesarethemostfrequentsubjectofcommunicationbetweenparentsandtheircollegechildren. 资金，金融4．Anunknownvirushasjustattackedmycomputer，whichcausesmycomputernottowork. 病毒5．(熟词生义)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeenpoorlystudied；however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000－25,000polarbearsworldwide.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) 估计6．(熟词生义)Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydevelopedacombinationofartificialbreeding(繁殖)andnaturalreproduction.(2019·江苏高考) 人工的Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Yougot47pointsonthewrittenexaminationand18ontheoral,makingatotalof65.2．Themeaningsofwordsarecomplex,andyou'dbettersimplify(simple)them.3．Weshouldnotjudgeapersonbyhisappearance(appear),butpeoplemakethatmistakefromtimetotime.4.Personally(person)speaking,Ithinkthebestpresentisnotnecessarilythemostexpensiveone.5．Whenitcomestoadvertisements,wemustalluseourintelligence(intelligent)andnotbeaslavetothem!6．Moneydoesnotalwaysbringhappiness(happy),butwithoutitpeopleoftencan'tlivewell.7．Dozensofunexplainedmysteriesexistintheworld,whichkeepstheexplorers(explore)puzzled.8．Sheisgoingtoneedanoperation(operate)onherankle.Ⅳ.补全句子1．母亲对孩子的奉献是无法计算的。(calculate)Mother'sdevotiontochildrencanhardlybecalculated.2．我恐怕我们不能来了，但无论如何谢谢你的邀请。(anyhow)Iamafraidwecan'tcome,butthankyouforyourinvitationanyhow.3．如果你们四个一起去的话你总共需要支付多少钱？(total)Howmuchdoyouhavetopayintotalifthefourofyougotogether?4．就我个人而言，这个采摘活动使我们获益良多。(personally)(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Personallyspeaking,thepickingactivitybenefitedusalot.5．我认为这幅图是在告诉我们通常梦想和现实之间是有区别的。(reality)Ithinkthepictureistellingusthatthereisusuallyadifferencebetweenone'sdreamandreality.名师点拨“一站清”(1)atotalof为固定短语，意为“总数为”。intotal＝inall意为“总计；总共”。(2)personallyspeaking是插入语，要用逗号隔开。它可以放在句首、句中或句末，而在句末时就不需要用逗号隔开，一般情况都是放在句首或句中，在句末很少使用。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．solve[明其义]vt.解决；解答[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Iwrotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved(solve)．②Wearesupposedtocomeupwithasolution(solve)tostoppeoplelookingdownattheirmobilephoneswhiledrivingcars.③Withmostoftheproblemssolved(solve),Ifeltagreatweighttakenoffmymind.(2)补全句子④Everybodywillmeetsuchaproblemlikeyou.Howtosolveitisveryimportantandmysuggestionsareasfollows.每个人都会遇到像你这样的问题。如何解决这个问题非常重要，我的建议如下。2．signal[明其义]vi.&vt.发信号n．信号[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Thejudgesignaledtoapoliceofficerandthemanwasledaway.②Whenshegotupfromthetable,itwasobviouslythesignalforustoleave(leave)．(2)句式升级③Thebellrang,andsignaledthatschoolwasover.→Thebellrang,whichsignaledthatschoolwasover.(非限制性定语从句)→Thebellrang,signalingthatschoolwasover.(分词短语作状语)3．arise[明其义]vi.出现；发生；由……引起；起身；起床；产生[通其用](1)写出下列各句中arise的含义①Seeinghismotherreturnhome,theboyarosefromhischairimmediately. 起身②Newproblemswillariseoneafteranotherinthefuture. 出现③Theyaroseatsunrisetogetanearlystarttothepark. 起床④Canwebeginbydiscussingmattersarisingfromthelastmeeting？ 产生(2)补全句子⑤(2019·天津高考书面表达)EverytimeIencounterwhetherclassicalmusicorjazz,asenseofentertainmentandreliefarisesnaturally,makingmybodyrefreshandofferingthecouragetokeepon.每当我遇到古典音乐或爵士乐时，一种娱乐和放松的感觉就会自然而然地出现，使我的身体焕然一新，并鼓起继续前进的勇气。[解其困](1)arise为不及物动词，没有被动语态。arise表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为argument,difficulty,misunderstanding,problem,quarrel,trouble等抽象名词。(2)arise形近词大荟萃：①risevi.(rose,risen) 升起；起身，起床；上升②raisevt.(raised,raised) 举起；提高；饲养；养育③arousevt.(aroused,aroused) 激起；唤醒学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空asaresult，have...incommon，inaway，watchover，dealwith，withthehelpof，asaresultof，makeup1．Towatchoverthechildwhowasill,sheremainedawakemostofthenightandonlysleptforacoupleofhours.2．Inaway,itisagoodthingthatIdidnotgetthepostIhadappliedfor,thoughImustadmitthatIwasdisappointedatthattime.3.Asaresult,thebadthinghasbeenturnedintoagoodone.4.Tomysurprise,althoughtheyarebrothers,theyhavenothingincommon.5．Ithinkit'sveryunkindofyoutomakeupstoriesabouthim.6.Jennynearlymissedtheflightasaresultofdoingtoomuchshopping.7.Withthehelpofteachersandparents,theyarelearninghowtouseit.8．Chinawillfurtherenhanceeducationandtraininginordertobetterdealwithclimatechange.名师点拨“一站清”(1)asaresult意为“因此，结果”，是介词短语，常作状语。asaresultof意为“由于”，是介词短语，表示原因，只能接名词/代词/动名词及what引导的名词性从句。(2)have...incommon“有……共同之处”；havelittle/nothing/something/alot/muchincommon(with...)“(与……)几乎无/无/有些/有很多/有许多共同之处”。(3)withthehelpof“在……的帮助下”，用介词with，而不用under。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．makeupVSmakeupfor比较①Theworkershavemadeuptheirmindstomakeupforthelosttime.②Weusethesetennumberstomakeupanothernumbers.辨清makeupfor弥补；makeup组成；补偿；化装；和解。2．dealwithVSdowith比较①I'mgoingtodeliveraspeechabouthowtodealwithtroubles.②I'mgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutwhattodowithtroubles.辨清dealwith表示“处理”时，常与连接副词how连用；dowith表示“处理”时，常与连接代词what连用。[句式的验收盘点](一)as引导状语从句[通其用]1．补全句子①IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid“NiHao”，justasImightdoinChina.我离他们足够近，能听见他们正在说汉语，并且我像在中国可能做的那样说了声“你好”。②AsIwasbusypreparingformyfinalexam,Ididn'treplytoyouremailassoonasIreceivedit.因为我正忙着准备期末考试，所以我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。2．句型转换③Astimewenton,hecontentedhimselfwithasimplelife.→Withtimegoingon,hecontentedhimselfwithasimplelife.④Althoughtheyweretired,theystayeduppreparingthereport.→Tiredas/thoughtheywere,theystayeduppreparingthereport.(用倒装语序)[解其困]as作连词，有以下用法：(1)“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。(2)“按照……的方式(办法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句必须用倒装语序，如果表语是名词，前面不加冠词。though引导让步状语从句时，可以倒装，也可以不倒装。although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装。(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词)。(二)so/such...that...引导结果状语从句[通其用]1．补全句子①Wehadsuchterribleweatherthatwecouldn'tfinishtheworkontime.天气这么糟，以至于我们没能按时完成这项工作。②(2018·北京高考书面表达)Sofastisthecitydevelopingthatyoucanneverimaginewhatitwillbeliketomorrow.这个城市发展如此之快，你永远想象不到它明天会是什么样子。2．句型转换③Dalianissuchanattractiveplacethatlotsoftouristsvisitthecityeveryyear.→Dalianissoattractiveaplacethatlotsoftouristsvisitthecityeveryyear.④Thelighttravelssofastthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.→Sofastdoesthelighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.[解其困](1)so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构为：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋adj./adv.＋that...,so＋adj.＋an＋单数可数名词＋that...,so＋many/much/few/little少的＋名词＋that...))(2)such...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构为：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that...,such＋adj.＋可数名词复数＋that...,such＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋that...,＝so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that...))(3)在“so...that...”和“such...that...”结构中，当“so＋adj./adv.”及“such...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养(2020天津7月高考·阅读理解C篇)对接主题：科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]Forpeoplewhoareinterestedinsound,thefieldofsoundtechnologyisdefinitelymakingnoise.Inthepast,soundengineersworkedinthebackroomsofrecordingstudios,butmanyoftoday'ssoundprofessionals①aresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound.[2]Soundcanbeusedasaweapon.Imaginethatapoliceofficerischasingathief.Thethieftriestoescape.Andtheofficercan'tlethimgetaway.Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton.Thethiefdropstotheground.ThisnewweaponiscalledaLongRangeAcousticDevice(LRAD,远程定向声波发射器).Itproducesadeafening②soundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.ThenoisefromtheLRADisdirectedlikearayoflightandtravelsonlyintotheearsofthatperson,butitisnotdeadly.[3]Forthosewhohungerfor③somepeaceandquiet,soundcannowcreatesilence.Let'ssayyouareattheairport,andthelittleboyontheseatnexttoyouishumming(哼唱)ashortcommercialsong.Hehumsitoverandoveragain,andyouareabouttogocrazy.ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.OnemaywonderhowtheSilenceMachineworks.Well,itfunctions④byanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.Thetwosetsofwavescanceleachotherout.Simplyturnthemachineon,pointitatthetarget,andyourpeaceandquietcomesback.[4]eq\o(Directedsoundisanewtechnologythatallowscompaniestousesoundin,\s\do4(1))muchthesamewayspotlights(聚光灯)areusedinthetheater.Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,a“spotsound”createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.Thiscanbeusefulforbusinessessuchasrestaurantsandstoresbecauseitoffersanewwaytoattractcustomers.Restaurantscanofferachoiceofmusicalongwiththevariousfoodchoicesonthemenu,allowingcustomersmorecontrolovertheatmosphereinwhichtheyaredining.Directedsoundisalsobeginningtoappearinshoppingcentersandevenathomes.,①微积累——重难词汇professionaln．专业人士；职业人士adj.专业的；职业的词源：professionn．职业；专业②微积累——deaf的派生词deafeningadj.震耳欲聋的；极喧闹的deafadj.聋的deafenv.使聋；使震得耳朵发聋③微积累——“渴望”短语大集合：hungerfordesireforlongforbeeagerforbethirstyfor④微点拨——名词动用：functionn．作用；功能v．起作用；正常工作；运转functionas...起……作用；具有……功能通句式——句子(1)中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词anewtechnology，且在从句中作主语；“spotlightsareusedinthetheater”为定语从句，修饰先行词thesameway，从句中缺少状语，省略掉了关系词that/inwhich。[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]46．WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph2abouttheeffectoftheLRAD?A．Itcausestemporaryhearingloss.B．Itslowsdownarunningman.C．Itmakesiteasytoidentifyasuspect.D．Itkeepsthesuspectfromhurtingothers.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itproducesadeafeningsoundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.”可知，远程定向声波发射器会发出一种震耳欲聋的声音，这种声音让人非常痛苦，会使人暂时残疾。由此可知，这种暂时残疾就是暂时性失聪，所以选择A项。47．TheSilenceMachineisadevicespeciallydesignedto.A．silencethepeoplearoundyouB．removethesoundofcommercialsC．blocktheincomingsoundwavesD．stopunwantedsoundfromaffectingyou解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThankstotheSilenceMachine...andyourpeaceandquietcomesback.”可知，静音机能避免不必要的声音影响你，所以选择D项。48．Whatfeaturedospotsoundsandspotlightsshare?A．Theytravelincircles.B．Theycleartheatmosphere.C．Theycanbetransformedintoenergy.D．Theycanbedirectedontoaspecificarea.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,a‘spotsound’createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.”可知，spotsound和spotlight的共同点是它们可以被引到一个特定的区域，所以选择D项。49．Directedsoundcanbeusedfor.A．creativedesignsofrestaurantmenusB．idealsoundeffectsonthetheaterstageC．differentchoicesofmusicforbusinessesD．strictcontroloveranysuspiciouscustomer解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Restaurantscanofferachoiceofmusicalongwiththevariousfoodchoicesonthemenu,allowingcustomersmorecontrolovertheatmosphereinwhichtheyaredining.”可知，定向声音可以应用于商业为顾客提供不同的音乐，所以选择C项。50．Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A．Howprofessionalsinventedsoundproducts.B．Inventionsinthefieldofsoundtechnology.C．Thegrowinginterestinthestudyofsound.D．Howsoundengineersworkintheirstudios.解析：选B主旨大意题。作者在第一段中提出“声音技术”，并在第二、三、四段中介绍了声音技术领域的三种发明。由此可知，文章主要关注的是声音技术领域的发明，所以选择B项。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第50题主要考查学生的概括性思维。根据第一段(主题段)中的“butmanyoftoday'ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound”可知，现在的许多声音领域的专家正在与其他领域的专家分享他们的知识和经验，在被我们称为声音的现象的基础上，创造出一些新产品。再由下面每一段的第一句可知，本文的中心内容是声音在实际生活中的应用。且第一段中的newproducts和B项的Inventions一词相呼应。故答案为B项。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍声音技术领域的专家与其他领域专家合作，开发出一系列声音技术的新产品。文章主要关注的是声音技术领域的发明，显示出人类社会科技的发展与信息技术的创新，以此来弘扬人类的不断探索，不断发现的创新精神。阅读此文，有助于学生了解先进的声学技术，引导学生关注新兴科技和技术创新，提升学生在科技发展方面的认知和视野。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hedealtwiththeprobleminahighlyprofessional(profession)way.2．Thenoiseofthetypewritersdeafened(deaf)her.3．Soldierhadtemporarily(temporary)closedtheborderbetweenthetwocountries.4．Faxmachineswereawonderfulinvention(invent)atthetime.5．Thejobinvolvesgatheringandanalyzing(analyze)data.Ⅱ.补全句子1．Nothingseemedtosatisfytheirhungerfortruth(对真理的渴望)．2．Practicingyogaisagoodwayforyoutogetridof(摆脱)yourstressandworries.3．Themuseumisintendedtofunctionas(充当)aneducationalandstudycenter.Ⅲ.分析长难句Inthepast,soundengineersworkedinthebackroomsofrecordingstudios,butmanyoftoday'ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound.[句式解构]本句是一个由but连接的两个并列句。第一个分句为简单句，主语是soundengineers，谓语动词是worked；第二个分句为一个复杂的主从复合句，主语是“manyoftoday'ssoundprofessionals”，谓语动词是aresharing；第二个分句中动词不定式短语tocreatenewproducts作目的状语；过去分词短语basedonthephenomenon作定语，修饰products；定语从句wecallsound，修饰先行词phenomenon。[句意翻译]在过去，声音工程师在录音棚的密室里工作，但是今天的许多声音领域的专家正在与其他领域的专家分享他们的知识和经验，在被我们称为声音的现象的基础上，创造出一些新产品。Ⅳ.主题语境写作如今，智能手机已经成为日常生活中必不可少的工具，它给我们带来了很大的便利，但也有很多不利。请你就智能手机的利与弊谈一谈自己的看法。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：Withthefastdevelopmentoftechnology,smartphoneisplayinganimportantpartinourlives.Foronething,thereisnodoubtthatsmartphoneprovidesaconvenientwayforustocommunicatewithothers.Foranother,smartphonehasalsobroughtconveniencetoourstudyandwork.However,manystudentsusesmartphonestoplaygamesdayandnightandcannotconcentrateontheirstudies.Inaddition,usingsmartphonealsocausessomebadinfluenceonusers'health.Inmyopinion,smartphoneisbeneficialtousaslongasweuseitproperly.课下主题训练科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①keyboard □ ②monitor □③mouse(pl.mice) □ ④hardware □⑤software □ ⑥convenient □⑦instant □ ⑧worldwide □⑨click □ ⑩disturb □⑪WeChat □ ⑫calculation □⑬database □ ⑭cyberspace □⑮digital □ ⑯connect □⑰communication □ ⑱interrupt □⑲security □ ⑳develop □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.写出下列各句中加黑词的汉语意思1．Europe'ssoftwarecompaniesstillhaveagrowinghomemarket. 软件2．Iclickedonalinkandrecentreviewsoftheproductioncameup. 点击3．Bysummarizingthedevelopmentofdigitalreading,thepaperputsforwardtenquestionsandthoughts. 数字的4．Shetravelsincyberspacebysendingmessagestofriendsaroundtheworld. 网络空间5．Thereareanumberofimprovements;forinstance,bothmousebuttonscannowbeused. (计算机)鼠标6．Thedetailsoftoday'sflightsaredisplayedonthemonitor. 显示屏7．Tocloseyourdocument,pressCtrl＋Wonyourkeyboard. 键盘8．Thedatabaseallowsyoutoaccessthesalesfiguresinanumberofways. 数据库Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Toooftenchildrenarewitnesstoadisturbing(disturb)amountofviolence.2．Pleasesendmeane­mailinstantly(instant)youreachYunnan.3．Therearestrictsecurity(secure)checksoneveryoneenteringtheOperaHouse.4．Thisplaceshouldnotonlybeconvenient(convenience)butalsoelegant.5．Historyisthebestteacher.Itfaithfullyrecordsthedevelopment(develop)pathofeachcountryandforetellsthefuturetous.6．HehaskeptonlearningEnglishbyradioforthreeyearswithoutinterruption(interrupt)．7．Heaskedmemanyquestionsinconnection(connect)withmydietinBritain.8．Thefiercebattlecutoffthecommunication(communicate)betweenthetwocities.二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解Theboysatonhischair,withhishandsabovethekeyboard.Hethoughtaboutwhattowrite.Herecalledthatthecompetitiondeadlinewasmerelyaweekaway.Buthestillhadnotevenstartedonhispiece.Helookedatthebrochureagain.“WRITINGCOMPETITION！”thetitleread.Hismomhadencouragedhimtoenterthewritingcompetition,andnowhewastakingitonashispersonaltaskfortheholidays.Astheboyreflectedonhispreviouswritingefforts,herealizedhowhopelesshistaskofwinningwas.Everystoryheeverwrotewasbasedonotherstories.Hehadlittleimagination,andunfortunately,imaginationwasthekeytowriting.Suddenly,hehadabrainwave.Thistime,hecameupwithanoriginalandimaginativestory.Thewordsshottowardshimlikeastormofleaves.Wordswerecomingeasily,flowingthroughhim,fasterthanhecouldtype.Hetypedfasterthanheeverhadbefore.Hecontinuedtotype,amazedhoweasywritingthisstorywas.Theboycouldnotstopwriting.Helookedatthewordcountandsawthenumber“248”startingrightbackathim.Hewasnotevenhalfwayyet.Thenheheardhismot