高考英语一轮复习Unit1Culturalrelics学案新人教版必修

PAGEPAGE27Unit1Culturalrelics一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．culturaladj. 文化的2．relicn. 遗物；遗迹；纪念物3．rareadj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的4．vasen. 花瓶；瓶5．dynastyn. 朝代；王朝6．dragonn. 龙7．honeyn. 蜜；蜂蜜8．jeweln. 珠宝；宝石9．troopn. 群；组；军队10．woodenadj. 木制的11．mysteryn. 神秘；神秘的事物12．castlen. 城堡13．trialn. 审判；审讯；试验14．eyewitnessn. 目击者；证人15．maidn. 少女；女仆(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．designn. 设计；图案；构思vt. 设计；计划；构思2．fancyadj. 奇特的；异样的vt. 想象；设想；爱好3．stylen. 风格；风度；类型4．artistn. 艺术家5．belongvi. 属于；为……的一员6．removevt. 移动；搬开7．formeradj. 以前的；从前的8．worthprep. 值得的；相当于……的价值n. 价值；作用adj. [古]值钱的9．localadj. 本地的；当地的10．apartadv. 分离地；分别地11．paintingn. 绘画；画12．explodevi. 爆炸13．entrancen. 入口14．sinkvi. 下沉；沉下15．debaten.&vi. 争论；辩论(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．valuen．价值；重要性v．评价；重视；给……估价→valuableadj.贵重的；有价值的2．selectvt.挑选；选择→selectionn．选择3．amazevt.使吃惊；惊讶→amazingadj.令人吃惊的→amazedadj.感到吃惊的→amazementn．惊奇4．evidentadj.明显的；明白的→evidencen．根据；证据5．decoratev．装饰；装修→decorationn．装饰；装饰物6．receivevt.接待；接收→receptionn．接待；招待会；接收→receptionistn．接待员；招待员7．doubtn．怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信→doubtfuladj.感到怀疑的；不确定的→undoubtedlyadv.确实地；毋庸置疑地8．survivevi.幸免；幸存；生还vt.幸免于→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者9．formaladj.正式的→informaladj.非正式的[语境活用]1．Itisevidentthathehasnoevidencetoprovehishonesty.(evident)2．Alltheexpertsvaluedyouradvice;inotherwords,theythoughtyouradvicewasvaluable.(value)3．Itisanamazingdiscoverysoweareamazedatit.Toouramazement,itisadisabledmanwhomadethediscovery.(amaze)4．It'sreportedthatthecoachwillselecttwelvebasketballplayerstotakepartinthesportsmeeting.Thefinalteamselectionwillbemadetomorrow.(select)5．ThereisnodoubtthatCatherineisdoubtfulaboutherfuture,forshedoubtswhethershecancontinuetowork.(doubt)6．Luckily,IsurvivedtheterriblecarcrashlastweekandIwastheonlysurvivoroftheaccident.(survive)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．survivevi.幸免；幸存；生还vt.比……活得长；(经过……)活(保存)下来；幸免于背词条用法survivesth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来surviveon依靠……生存下来AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长(……)背写作佳句①Onceshehadbeentotallyself­sufficient,butshenowhastosurviveongovernmentsupport.她曾经完全能自给自足，而现在却不得不靠政府的援助维持生计。②AsfarasIknow,theoldwomansurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。2.designn．设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思背词条用法(1)designsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事bedesignedfor/todosth.旨在……；打算被用来做某事(2)bydesign故意地；蓄意地背写作佳句①Thiscourseonlineisspeciallydesignedforbeginnerslikeyou,focusingonlisteningandspeakingpractice.网上的这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。②Doyouthinkthathedidn'tturnupbyaccidentorbydesign？你认为他没出现是偶然地还是故意地？3．removevt.&vi.移动；搬开；拿走；去除；开除；免职；脱掉(衣物)；消除；搬迁背词条用法remove...from...把……从……移开/撤掉removesb.fromone'spost撤职；开除某人removesb.fromschool开除某人；勒令某人退学removeone'sdoubt/sorrow消除某人的疑虑/悲伤背写作佳句①Becauseoftheseriousairpollution,thefamilydecidedtoremovefromthecitytothecountryside.由于空气污染严重，这家人决定从城市搬到乡下。②Threechildrenwereremovedfromtheschoolforbadbehaviorsyesterday.昨天，三个孩子因不良行为而被学校开除了。4．worthprep.值得的；相当于……的价值n.价值；作用adj.[古]值钱的背词条用法背写作佳句①SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthexperiencing.既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日很值得你体验。②It'sworthwhilereading/toreadliterarybooksbecausetheycanhelpustoknowmoreaboutthesocietyandlife.读文学类图书是值得的，因为它们能帮助我们更多地了解社会和生活。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．insearchof 寻找2．belongto 属于；为……的一员3．inreturn 作为报答；回报4．serveas 充当；起作用5．atwar 处于交战状态6．lessthan 少于7．takeapart 拆开8．thinkhighlyof 看重；器重9．lookinto 调查10．ratherthan 而不是；与其11．add...to... 把……加到……上12．bythelightof 借助……的光线eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．insearchof寻找；搜寻；寻求背相关短语(1)inone'ssearchfor寻找(2)searchsth./sb.搜查某物/搜身searchfor＝lookfor寻找search...for...为找到……而搜查……背写作佳句Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsinsearchofanysurvivorintheearthquake.→Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandsintheirsearchforanysurvivorintheearthquake.→Therescueworkersremovedthebricksandstoneswithbarehandstosearchforanysurvivorintheearthquake.救援人员徒手移开砖块和石头，搜寻地震中的幸存者。2．belongto属于；为……的一员背相关短语(1)belongto表示“是……的财产；是……组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。(2)belongingsn．财产；所有物；相关事物背写作佳句①Inmyopinion,you'dbetterputthebookwhereitbelongs.→Inmyopinion,you'dbetterputthebooktowhichitbelongs.在我看来，你最好把书放回应放置的地方。②Havingsoldmostofhisbelongings,healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.他已经卖掉了大部分财产，房子里几乎什么都没有留下。3．inreturn作为报答；回报背相关短语inreturnfor...作为……的交换；作为对……的报答returnsth.tosb.＝returnsb.sth.归还某人某物returnto...回到……背写作佳句①Hewantedtodosomethinginreturnforthekindnessthatsheofferedhim.他想做点事情来回报她的好意。②YoumentionedthatyouwouldliketoteachmeEnglishinreturn,whichisexactlywhatIamdyingfor.你提到作为回报你想教我英语，这正是我所渴望的。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.(Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”)毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。佳句①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)ThereisnodoubtthattherearemanythingsthatIcanlearnfromhim.毫无疑问，我可以从他身上学到很多东西。佳句②(2020·天津高考书面表达)ThereisnodoubtthatyoucanmakegreaterprogressinEnglishlearning.毫无疑问，你能在英语学习上取得更大的进步。2．Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.(特殊疑问词＋todo)在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。佳句①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I'meagertolearnhowtoperformaplay,anditcan'tbebetterifyoucantellussometricksabouthowtodoitbetter.我很想学习如何表演戏剧，如果你能告诉我们一些如何把它表演得更好的窍门，那就再好不过了。佳句②Itismyhonortobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.我很荣幸在这里和大家分享在高中要学习什么的看法。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Althoughthetraditionofdrinkingteadatesbackto3,000BCinChina,itwasnotuntilthemid­17thcenturyintheUKthatappearedtheconceptof“afternoontea”.虽然在中国喝茶的传统能追溯到公元前3000年，但是直到17世纪中期英国才出现“下午茶”的概念。2．Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinthetraditionalChinesecultureandkeenonlearningmoreaboutit,I'mwritingtooffermyrecommendation.得知你对中国传统文化很感兴趣，也很想了解更多的中国传统文化，我写信向你推荐。3．Standingonthetopofthehillisamonument,datingbacktohundredsofyearsago.矗立在山顶上的是一座纪念碑，它可以追溯到几百年前。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——邀请信(一)[题目要求](2019·全国卷Ⅲ)假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：1．时间；2.活动安排；3.欢迎他表演节目。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearAllen，Iamdelightedtoinformyouthatthisyear'smusicfestivalwillbeheldshortly.Therewillbeawidevarietyofactivitiestomarkthisunforgettableoccasion.I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoattendthefestivalandtherelevantdetailsareasfollows.Firstly,thefestivalwillstartat9：00amonAugust15th,whichwilllast3hours.Secondly,atthebeginningofthefestival,thechairoftheStudents'Unionwillgiveusalookintothepast,presentandfutureofthefestival.Followingthis,staffandstudentsfromdifferentclubswillstagesinging,dancinganddramaperformances.Youarewelcometogiveperformancesaswell.I'dloveitifyoucouldattendtheupcomingcelebration.Pleasedonothesitatetoaskmeifyouhavequestionsorrequiremoreinformation.Yours,LiHua[学亮点]1．学谋篇布局2．学亮丽开头开头首先用Iamdelightedtoinformyou...一句简明扼要地介绍了写信的背景，随后又用I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoattend...这一经典句式对英国朋友Allen发出邀请。邀请态度诚恳，合情合理，易于认同。3．学高级表达(1)使用高级语块，如：bedelightedto,awidevarietyof,therelevantdetails,asfollows,atthebeginningof,givesb.alookinto等，丰富了文章的语言表达。(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：宾语从句thatthisyear'smusicfestivalwillbeheldshortly；Therebe句型Therewillbeawidevarietyofactivities...；非限制性定语从句whichwilllast3hours；现在分词短语作状语Followingthis；it作形式宾语I'dloveitifyoucouldattendtheupcomingcelebration；条件状语从句ifyouhavequestionsorrequiremoreinformation等，使得语言表达错落有致，亮点纷呈，值得广大考生模仿和学习。4．学精彩结尾结尾用I'dloveitif...委婉地表达了自己的期待，并用Pleasedonothesitatetoaskmeif...一句表达了自己发出邀请的诚恳。5．学过渡衔接文章使用了and,firstly,secondly,aswell等衔接词语和过渡句therelevantdetailsareasfollows对音乐节的活动安排进行了详细介绍，行文更连贯，逻辑更严密。6．防微点失分考生容易把“Firstly,thefestivalwillstartat9：00amonAugust15th,whichwilllast3hours.”中的willlast误用成willbelasted，或把“Youarewelcometogiveperformancesaswell.”中的welcome误用成welcomed，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．MrReedselected(挑选)torepresentusinthemeetinghasbeensenttohaveatalkwiththem.2．Somefirefightersputoutthefirebeforethecarexploded(爆炸)．3．Thetwoleadersareduetohaveinformal(非正式的)discussionslaterontoday.4．Thereisalwaysadebate(争论)aboutwhetherstudentsshouldusecellphonesornotatschool.5．I'llbewaitingforyouattheentrance(入口)toGuangzhoustation.6．Hurryup!Weneedtogettothetopofthemountainbeforethesunsinks(下沉)inthewest.7．Thecoalindustryisnowbarelyhalfitsformer(以前的)size.8．Anartist(艺术家)whowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscoveredalonglostantiqueGreekvasebychance.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．Shehasn'ttestedenoughgroupsyettoknow,butherinitial(最初的)resultswerepromisingenoughtobegintrialswithfarmers. 试验2．Aboutfourmetreslong,theroomservedasasmallreceptionhallforimportantvisitors. 接待3．Theyannouncedtowithdrawthetroopsfromtheareaandstoppedthewarbreakingoutlastyear. 军队4．Somethingthatisrareisnotcommonandisthereforeinterestingorvaluable.稀有的5．(熟词生义)Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) 想象力6．(熟词生义)Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) 剥去7．(熟词生义)Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthatheactuallyenjoyeddoingit. 颓废的；沮丧的Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Theirmostvaluable(value)belongingswerelockedinasafeplaceinthebedroom.2．Theplayersselected(select)fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergames.3．Thereweresomanypeopleattheentrancetotheparkwaitingtobuytickets.4.Somedriversliketodrawsomespecialpatternsasdecorations(decorate)ontheircars.5.Thereisconvincingevidence(evident)thatskincancerislinkedtoexposuretothesun.6.Itwasamazing(amaze)thathewasremovedfromthecompanyforbeinglate.7.Whetherpollutionisdirectlylinkedtothediseaseisunderdebate.8．Theroom,fullofwooden(wood)furniture,isusedforreceivingtheguestsfromChina.Ⅳ.补全句子1．(2018·浙江高考应用文写作)我被选中代表我们学校参加英语辩论比赛，因为我精通英语口语。(select,debate)I'mselectedtorepresentourschooltotakepartintheEnglishdebatecompetitionbecauseIhaveagoodcommandofspokenEnglish.2．这些结果为临床决策提供了有价值的信息。(valuable)Theseresultsprovidevaluableinformationforclinicaldecisionmaking.3．街灯和商店的橱窗装饰上了鲜艳的色彩：红色和绿色。(decorate)Streetlightsandstorewindowsaredecoratedwiththebrightcolorsofredandgreen.4．我们去了当地的市场，看见了一排排摆放整齐的水果和蔬菜。(local)Wevisitedthelocalmarketsandsawwonderfularraysoffruitandvegetables.5．这两种意见中我倾向于前一种。(former)Ofthetwoopinions,Iprefertheformer.名师点拨“一站清”(1)decoration作“装饰物”讲时，是可数名词，常用复数形式；作“装饰，装潢”讲时，是不可数名词。(2)注意evidence为不可数名词。(3)amazing“令人惊讶的”，修饰物；amazed“感到惊讶的”，修饰人。如：Heisamazedattheamazingnews.他对这个惊人的消息感到惊讶。(4)“under＋名词”表示被动，如：underdebate在争论中；underarrest被捕；underconsideration在考虑中；underconstruction在建造中[重点练——深化高频考点]1．survive[明其义]vi.幸免；幸存；生还vt.比……活得长；(经过……)活(保存)下来；幸免于[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Survivors(survive)oftheaccidentwererushedtothenearesthospitalinnotime.②Thoughhewasweak,hesurvivedhiswifebyfiveyears.③Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．④(2019·浙江高考)BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,survivingentirelyondiscarded(丢弃)food.(2)句式升级⑤Aftershehadsurvivedthatnight,shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.→Havingsurvivedthatnight,shewasconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright.(分词短语作状语)[解其困]survive表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in,from等。2．design[明其义]n．设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思[通其用](1)单句语法填空/完成语段①Shearrivedjustaswewereleaving,butI'mnotsurewhetherthiswasbyaccidentorbydesign.②Childrenabove12areabletotakepartinskiingorothersportsdesignedforthem(为他们而设计的)．Theseexercisesaredesignedtobuilduptheirbody(目的是使他们强身健体)．Sotheyallliketodothem.(2)句式升级③Theproject,whichwasdesignedtohelpthestudentsinneed,didn'tworkoutasplanned.→Theproject,designedtohelpthestudentsinneed,didn'tworkoutasplanned.(分词短语作后置定语)[解其困]表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：(1)故意地：①bydesign②onpurpose③deliberately(2)偶然地：①bychance②byaccident③accidentally3．remove[明其义]vt.&vi.移动；搬开；去除；拿走；开除；免职；脱掉(衣物)；消除；搬迁[通其用](1)写出下列各句中remove的含义①Realizinghermommustbeverytiredafteraday'swork,thegirlhelpstoremovethebagfromhershoulder. 拿走②Thecompanyhasremovedthemanagerfromhispostduetohispoorperformance. 开除；免职③OurofficehasremovedtoShanghaifromBeijing. 搬迁④Whenallpotentialforuglinessisremoved,soisallofthepotentialforbeauty. 去除⑤ThedoctoraskedMrKingtoremovehistrouserssothathecouldgivehimanexamination. 脱掉(衣物)(2)补全句子⑥Ifyoucan'tbeapenciltowriteanyone'shappiness,trytobeaniceerasertoremovetheirsadness.若是你无法成为一支铅笔来书写别人的快乐，那就尽力成为一块好的橡皮来抹去他们的悲伤。4．worth[明其义]prep.值得的；相当于……的价值n．价值；作用adj.[古]值钱的[通其用](1)选词填空(worthy/worth/worthwhile)①Thisarticleiswellworthreading,butitisnotworthyofbeingtranslated.SoIfeelthatallyoureffortisn'tworthwhile.(2)一句多译这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。②Thereferencebookisworthbuying,becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(worth)③Thereferencebookisworthytobebought/ofbeingbought,becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(worthy)④Itisworthwhilebuying/tobuythereferencebook,becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.(worthwhile)[解其困]worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空takeapart，lessthan，inreturnfor，atwar，insearchof，belongto，thinkhighlyof，lookinto1．Thepolicearebusylookingintothecauseofthetrafficaccident.2．Inthisway,weexpressthankstoourparentsinreturnfortheirlove.3．Thecountryhasbeenatwarwithitsneighborsformorethantwoyears.Everyoneinthecountryisreallyanxiousforpeace.4．Tiredastheyare,therescuersarestillinsearchofthemissingpeopleintheflashfloods.5．Thisisasmallhouselessthan30squaremeters,butalargefamilyofthreegenerationslivesinit.6．Havingtakenaparttheoldbike,wesoldittoawasterecyclingcenter.7.Asisknowntous,ChinaisacountrybelongingtotheThirdWorld.8.WeallthinkhighlyofourEnglishteacher.Hishumoralwaysmakesourclasslivelyandinteresting.名师点拨“一站清”(1)belongingtotheThirdWorld此处是现在分词短语作后置定语。belongto中to为介词，后接名词的普通格，或代词宾格。该结构无被动语态，也无进行时；作后置定语时常用现在分词形式。(2)thinkhighlyof意为“重视；看得起；尊重；钦佩；高度评价”，注意不要用high。thinkpoorly(little,badly...)of意为“对……评价不高”。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．inreturnVSinreturnforVSinturn比较①Hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers;inreturn,hewaslikedbyeveryone.②Thestudentscleantheclassroomeverydayinturn.③Igavehimmyfavoritebookinreturnforhistimelyhelp.辨清(1)inreturn作为报答；回报(2)inturn轮流；依次；反过来(3)inreturnfor＝inrewardfor作为对……的回报2．searchVSsearchfor比较①Thepolicesearchedthesuspectbutfoundnoweapononhim.②Fordecades,theyhavestruggledtosearchforwaystoincreasericeharvests.辨清search作动词用时，search的宾语是指搜查的范围，可以是人、物或地点；表示搜寻具体的人或物时，要加介词for。[句式的验收盘点](一)Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”[通其用]1．补全句子①Thereisnodoubtthatstayingupismorelikelytoresultinover­anxiety.毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致过度焦虑。②Thereisstillsomedoubtwhethertheautumnsportsmeetwillbeheldinourschool.秋季运动会是否会在我们学校举行还有些疑问。③Ineverdoubtthatspecialclassescanhelpthegiftedstudentstograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.我确信特殊班级能够帮助这些有天赋的学生提前毕业，更早地在生活中找到他们的位置。2．翻译句子④(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)毫无疑问，我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难。ThereisnodoubtthatIhavelittledifficultycommunicatingwithforeigners.[解其困](1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中用whether(不可用if)引导同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。(2)动词doubt在肯定句中，后多跟if/whether引导的宾语从句；在否定/疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。(二)特殊疑问词＋todo[通其用]1．补全句子①Whenandwheretoholdtheweddinghasn'tbeendecided.何时何地举行婚礼还没有决定。②Theyalwaystoldmewhattodoandhowtodoit.他们总是告诉我做什么以及怎么做。③(2018·北京高考书面表达)Withtheirinterestgreatlysparked,Ibegantoteachthemhowtomaketea.随着他们的兴趣大大地被激发，我开始教他们如何泡茶。2．句型转换④Theboyistooyoungtoknowwhatheshoulddowhenintrouble.→Theboyistooyoungtoknowwhattodowhenintrouble.[解其困](1)“特殊疑问词＋todo”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(who,what,which)和疑问副词(when,where,how)。(2)“特殊疑问词＋todo”结构可转换为从句。(3)在“疑问代词＋todo”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2015四川高考·阅读理解E篇——对接课标主题：物质与非物质文化遗产(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]NooneissurehowtheancientEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidsnearCairo.Butanewstudysuggeststheyusedalittlerock‘n’roll.Long­agobuilderscouldhaveattachedwooden①polestothestonesandrolledthemacrossthesand,thescientistssay.[2]“eq\o(Technically，Ithinkwhatthey'reproposingispossible,\s\do4(1))，”physicistDanielBonnsaid.[3]PeoplehavelongpuzzledoverhowtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.Andthere'snoobviousanswer.Onaverage，eachofthetwomillionbigstonesweighedaboutasmuchasalargepickuptruck.TheEgyptianssomehowmovedthestoneblockstothepyramidsitefromaboutonekilometeraway.[4]ThemostpopularviewisthatEgyptianworkersslidtheblocksalongsmoothpaths.Manyscientistssuspectworkersfirstwouldhaveputtheblocksonsleds(滑板).Thentheywouldhavedraggedthemalongpaths.Tomaketheworkeasier,workersmayhavelubricatedthepaths②eitherwithwetclayorwiththefatfromcattle.Bonnhasnowtestedthisideabybuildingsmallsledsanddraggingheavyobjectsoversand.[5]Evidencefromthesandsupportsthisidea.Researchersfoundsmallamountsoffat,aswellasalargeamountofstoneandtheremainsofpaths.[6]However,physicistJosephWestthinkstheremighthavebeenasimplerway,wholedthenewstudy.Westsaid,“Iwasinspiredwhilewatchingatelevisionprogramshowinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwithpyramidconstruction.Ithought,‘Whydon'ttheyjusttryrollingthethings？’”Asquarecouldbeturnedintoaroughsortofwheelbyattachingwoodenpolestoitssides,herealized.That,henotes,shouldmakeablockofstone“aloteasiertorollthanasquare”．[7]Sohetriedit③.[8]Heandhisstudentstiedsomepolestoeachoffoursidesofa30­kilogramstoneblock.Thatactionturnedtheblockintosomewhatawheel.Thentheyplaced④theblockontheground.[9]Theywrappedoneendofaropearoundtheblockandpulled.Theresearchersfoundtheycouldeasilyrolltheblockalongdifferentkindsofpaths.Theycalculatedthatrollingtheblockrequiredaboutasmuchforceasmovingitalongaslippery(滑的)path.[10]Westhasn'ttestedhisideaonlargerblocks,buthethinksrollinghasclearadvantagesoversliding.Atleast,workerswouldn'thaveneededtocarrycattlefatorwatertosmooththepaths.,①构词法——形容词、动词后缀­enn.＋­en→adj.wood→wooden 木制的；木头的gold→golden 金的；金色的n.＋­en→vt.strength→strengthen 加强；增强length→lengthen (使)变长adj.＋­en→vt.deep→deepen 加深；变深wide→widen 加宽；变宽通句式——句子(1)中，副词Technically位于句首，修饰整个句子；what引导主语从句。②微技法——生僻词汇的词义猜测题当遇到生僻词汇的猜测词义时，要学会有目的的找到对该词进行定义、解释、说明的内容。根据第四段画线短语所在句子的后半部分“eitherwithwetclayorwiththefatfromcattle”可以得知此短语的意思。③微技法——根据因果关系猜测词义：根据第七段中的“Sohetriedit.”中的so一词可判断，it指代的内容在第六段，由此得出it指代的内容。④微点拨——名词动用：placen．地点；位置；场所v.放置；安置placetheblock放置木块[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]46．It'swidelybelievedthatthestoneblocksweremovedtothepyramidsiteby.A．rollingthemonroadsB．pushingthemoverthesandC．slidingthemonsmoothpathsD．draggingthemonsomepoles解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“ThemostpopularviewisthatEgyptianworkersslidtheblocksalongsmoothpaths.”可知，人们普遍接受的观点是埃及人是在光滑的道路上滑动石块的，故选C项。47．Theunderlinedpart“lubricatedthepaths”inParagraph4means.A．madethepathswetB．madethepathshardC．madethepathswideD．madethepathsslippery解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第四段画线短语后面的“eitherwithwetclayorwiththefatfromcattle”可推知，他们使用湿的黏土或牛的脂肪使道路变得光滑，这样才能更轻松地移动石块。48．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph7referto?A．Rollingtheblockswithpolesattached.B．Rollingtheblocksonwoodenwheels.C．Rollingpolestomovetheblocks.D．Rollingtheblockswithfat.解析：选A代词指代题。根据“Sohetriedit.”中的So一词可判断，it指代的内容应该在第六段。由文章第六段中的“Asquarecouldbeturnedinto...makeablockofstone‘aloteasiertorollthanasquare’．”可知，物理学家West提出，在石块四周捆绑上木棒可以使石块更容易滚动。因此他对这种方法进行了尝试，故选A项。49．WhyisrollingbetterthanslidingaccordingtoWest?A．Becausemoreforceisneededforsliding.B．Becauserollingworkcanbedonebyfewercattle.C．Becauseslidingonsmoothroadsismoredangerous.D．Becauselesspreparationonpathsisneededforrolling.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Atleast,workerswouldn'thaveneededtocarrycattlefatorwatertosmooththepaths.”可知，用滚动的方法不需要带着牛的脂肪或水使道路变得光滑，也就是说对道路做的准备工作更少，故选D项。50．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Anexperimentonwaysofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.B．Anapplicationofthemethodofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.C．Anargumentaboutdifferentmethodsofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.D．Anintroductiontoapossiblenewwayofmovingblockstothepyramidsite.解析：选D主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了古埃及人搬运巨石建造金字塔可能用的更省力的办法，故选D项。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第50题主要考查学生的概括性思维。文章第一段指出古埃及人很可能是利用把石块绑在圆木条上滚动前进的方法来修建金字塔的。接下来的几段作者又给出了另外一种观点：利用滑道滑动石块的方法运送石块。最后，科学家利用试验的方法证明了滚动石块的优势。利用概括性思维即可得出文章的大意是对古埃及人搬运巨石建造金字塔的方法的介绍。A、B、C三个选项的侧重点分别是“方法的试验、运用和讨论”，仅涉及文章的部分内容，故排除。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古埃及人是如何搬运巨石的，旨在引导学生了解并关注世界文化遗产。文化遗产是历史和文化传承的重要载体。但很多文化遗产经历了成百上千年的岁月洗礼，面临年久失修、亟待保护的危急局面，而更重要的是很多文化遗产的重要历史和文化价值还没有得到充分的认识。文章的深层意义在于研究并保护文化遗产。就我国来说，优秀的文化遗产是中华民族优秀文化的核心，我们应该继承、保护和发展，这也是我国新时代提出的一项要求。文中介绍的金字塔是著名的世界文化遗产之一，研究金字塔是如何建造的暗示了后人可以学习古人的智慧，为当今社会作出贡献。文章以此立意，符合时代要求。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyhadwooden(wood)fencestoodaroundthehouse.2．Thebiggestfishweresixfeetlongandweighed(weigh)upwardsof200pounds.3．Theboyslid(slide)downthebankintothewater.4．Hedragged(drag)theheavycaseacrossthefloor.5．Thebuildingstillunderconstruction(construct)willbeournewoffices.Ⅱ.补全句子1．TheInternethasadvantagesover(优于……)thenewspaper,becauseitismoreconvenienttoaccess.2．Heplacedhishands(把他的手放在)onhershoulder.3.Largeamountsofmoney(大量的钱)arespentonadvertisementseveryyear.Ⅲ.分析长难句Iwasinspiredwhilewatchingatelevisionprogramshowinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwithpyramidconstruction.[句式解构]本句是含有一个状语从句和一个定语从句的主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，主句的主语为I，系动词为was，表语为inspired。“whilewatchingatelevisionprogram”为状语从句的省略句；“showinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwithpyramidconstruction”为现在分词短语作定语，修饰“atelevisionprogram”；句中how引导宾语从句。[句意翻译]我是在看一个电视节目时受到启发的，这个节目展示了滑板是如何帮助建造金字塔的。Ⅳ.主题语境写作假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Anne对中国物质文化遗产——长城特别感兴趣，希望你对此做一些介绍。请你就此给他写一封回信。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：DearAnne，DelightedtolearnthatyouareinterestedintheGreatWall,I'dliketoofferyousomebriefintroductions.Asisknown,theGreatWallisahistoricculturalheritageandalsoasymbolofChina.Byvisitingit,notonlycanyoulearnthehistoryandcultureofChina,butyoucanfeelthepowerofhumanbeings.Moreover,justasthesayinggoes,“Hewhohasn'tbeentotheGreatWallisn'tatrueman.”ClimbingtheGreatWallisagreatwaytotestyourwillandyourstrength.Iwarmlywelcomeyoutopayavisittoit.Yours，LiHua课下主题训练物质与非物质文化遗产一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①sculpture □ ②statue □③construct □ ④remains □⑤splendid □ ⑥gallery □⑦exhibition □ ⑧historical □⑨defence □ ⑩monument □⑪historic □ ⑫origin □⑬incident □ ⑭invade □⑮occupy □ ⑯primitive □⑰myth □ ⑱legend □⑲masterpiece □ ⑳ancestor □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.写出下列各句中加黑词的汉语意思1．HecommentedthatthisnovelwasamasterpieceofAmericanliterature. 杰作2．Hecouldtracehisancestorsbacksevenhundredyears. 祖先3．Thisisanicefolklegend,interpretingthebeautifuldreamofhuman. 传说；传奇故事4．Hestartedworkingforagallerysweepingupandmakingthetea. 画廊；美术馆5．Itisaprimitivenaturetofleeaplaceofdanger. 原始的；远古的6．Theygazedinamixtureofenvyandadmirationatthebeautyofthestatue. 塑像；雕像7．ThereisafamousGreekmythinwhichIcarusflewtooneartotheSun. 神话8．Theenemyarmyinvadedandbombedtheirimportantairports. 侵略Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Somemenwerekilledintwoseparateincidents(incident)onthesameday.2．Thetownwallswerebuiltasadefence(defend)againstenemyattacks.3．It'sunlikelythatthesharepricewillexceedhistoric(history)levels.4．Iwaslookingforanoccupation(occupy)whichwasgoingtobeanadventure.5．Hedevotedhislifetothecauseofstudyingtheremains(remain)oftheForbiddenCity.6．AcollectionofpaintingsbyDavidHockneyisonexhibition(exhibit)attheMuseumofArt.7．Itisoneofthemostoriginal(origin)worksofimaginationinthelanguage.8．Thenewsuspensionbridgedesignedbythefamousarchitectisunderconstruction(construct)now.二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解AOurAnnualCulturalEventsANightinRioWeareproudtobringtheenergyandenthusiasmofBrazilianCarnivaltoCharlottewithANightinRio!GetatasteofCarnivalthroughdancing,livemusic,authenticfood,drinksandmarketplace.Putonyourgreenandyellow,andjoinusfortheunforgettableexperienceofBrazilianCarnival!Date：SaturdayFebruary24TICKETSAVAILABLEONLYATTHEDOORLocation：NeighborhoodTheatre,CharlotteTime：7PMRitmo&SaborWearethrilledtobringtheannualcelebrationRitmo&SaborFestival!FeaturingdanceperformancesandFREEdancelessonsanddelicious,authenticLatincuisine，thisfestivalwillbeafantasticcelebrationfortheentirefamilytoenjoy!Foodandbeerwillbeavailableforpurchase.ComeouttoenjoyagreatsummereveningofRitmo&Sabor!Date：SaturdayJuly2Location：International&CulturalCenter,CharlotteTime：5－11PMFREEADMISSIONLasAméricasJoinusintheannualcelebrationLASAMÉRICAS！WedisplayourhistoryandidentityofLatinA