2021年高考英语试题(山东卷)(试题+答案+解析)

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）

英语

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

POETRYCHALLENGE

Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesin

yourlife.

Prizes

3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthe

winner'schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNational

AirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.

6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer：APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinne

SzaboandpilotLindaFinch.

50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceive

aT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight.

Rules

Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.

■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.

■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper.

■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.

■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.

1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.

2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?

A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.

C.AspecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.

3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?

A.Typingyourpoemout.B.Writingapoemof120words.

C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.

B

JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearning

anursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-Eau

Claireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.

Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajob

awayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendeda

localtechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（学费），becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasidefor

acollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.

Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegeto

advancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.

ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewas

abletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningto

helpwithherkids.Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Her

husbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenat

times.

Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed

（牺牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.

“SomenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapersJ

shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.

Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful.

4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?

A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyformonherown.

C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.

5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?

A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.

C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.

6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?

A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.

C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer^story?

A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.

C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.

C

Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,

physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedto

UzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.

Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:Lost

AmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkentto

Karakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.Itisthe

storyofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,his

translator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,his

hostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.

ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideof

society.InSamarkand,Mr.Bisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahe

getsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral

（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,

diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.

Mr.Bissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistalea

well-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.Hisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedly

American,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistory

book,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestof

CentralAsiantraditions.

8.WhatmadeMr.BissellreturntoUzbekistan?

A.Hisfriends9invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.

C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2referto?

A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.

C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.

10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMr.BisselfsroadtripinUzbekistan?

A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.lbintroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.

C.Torememberawriter.D.Torecommendatraveldestination.

D

AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumption

habitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsays

youshouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），it'sthebeanpoleswithbig

appetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.

Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthe

first,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateina

studyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.

Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105

pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180

pounds.

Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,

takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactor

wasthin.

Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Inthe

othercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbut

tooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.

Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.If

thisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe"I'llhavewhatshe'shaving^^effect.

However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabit

becauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneat

muchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?

12.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?

A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand.D.Eatingbehavior.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?

A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.

14.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?

A.lbseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.

C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.

D.lbstudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.

15.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence^^accordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.

C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16Doyouwanttobeagoodpublic

speaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.

Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooften,whenyou

standuptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public"attheexpenseofthe“speaking."17Focuson

thespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.

Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutany

mistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People'sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonly

absorbabout20percentofaspeaker'smessage.So,don'tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunless

it'satrulyseriousone.18

Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakes

practice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.

20It'sraretohearsomeonesay,"Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.^^Ontheotherhand,

youprobablycan'tcountthetimesthatyou'vethought,"I'mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoon

forever!Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.Ifs

bettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyour

speechfinallytoend.

A.Dotheopposite.

B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.

C.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.

D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.

E.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.

F.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.

GHowever,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehis

second21Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22therefromaveryyoungage.

Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething23happeningaroundhishome.Aflood

hadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe24itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.25,

thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He26thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreesto

protectthemfromthe27.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28

duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe29departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrow

there.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplant

trees.

31youngplantsinthedryseasonwas32foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe33of

eachsapling（幼树）abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto34rainwater.

Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.

Molai35toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresof

naturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.

21.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice

22.A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge

23.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward

24.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage

25.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise

26.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted

27.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust

28.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter

29.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance

30.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed

31.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding

32.A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial

33.A.backB.topC.footD.side

34.A.cooldownB.keepoffC.purifyD.collect

35.A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued

第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings,e.g.stamps,postcardsorantiques.Inthe18thand

19thcenturies,36(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksof

art.Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig37untiltheydied,andthenitwasgiven

toamuseum.The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,38(form)thecore

collectionoftheBritishMuseum39openedin1759.

Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic40(call)galleriesorrooms.Often,onlyasmallpart

ofamuseum'scollection41(be)ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch.

Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.Aswellaslookingatexhibits,

visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模拟)andimagine42(they)livingatadifferent

timeinhistoryor43(walk)througharainforest.AttheJorvikCentreinYork,thecity'sViking

settlementisrecreated,andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical

44(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete45people's

sparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrange

specialactivitiesforchildren.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包

括：

1.参加人员：

2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下：

3.活动反响。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右：

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ACross-CountryRunningRace

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthe

townhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingto

helpeachothermeetthechallenges.

Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthe

poor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewould

bringfoodandmedicinetothem.

Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasaman

sickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittle

boy一hisnamewasBernard一hadinterestedherverymuch.

“Iwishyoucouldseeshesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara."Heissuchahelp

tohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando.”

Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard."Iwishwecouldhelphim

toearnmoney.^^saidClara.uHisfamilyissufferingsomuch.^^

“SodoIJsaidHarry."Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.^^

Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,“Ihaveagreat

idea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish（完成）

Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea,itwassuretobeagoodone.

“Itellyouwhatwecando,“saidJohn.utYouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus?Well,wecan

makepopcorn（爆米花），andputitintopaperbags,andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsell

it7,

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn'sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.

Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.

答案

1-5ACBCA6-10BCBDB11-15ADDAC16-20GACBD21-25CACDA26-30BBDCB31-35CABDD

36.wealthy37.or38.formed39.which/that40.arecalled

41.is42.themselves43.walking44.accuracy45.for

解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

A

这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则

等做了介绍。

1.细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的"TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,a

parentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由

获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50

honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEaihart'sfinalflight"可知，每

位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选Co

3.细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Writea

poemusing100wordsorfewer可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故

结合选项，B选项（写一首120字的诗）是会被取消资格的。故选B。

B

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努

力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是

她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingto

payhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation^高中毕业后，Jennifer

上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育）可知，高中

毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C.Shesupportedherself

throughcollege.（她自食其力读完了大学）符合以上说法，故选C项。

5.细节理解题。根据第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph's

HospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecould

drivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.（她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫

医院的UW-EauClaire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚

上可以回家照顾孩子）可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-EauClaire项目是

因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.（为了方便照顾她的孩子）

符合以上说法，故选A项。

6.细节理解题。根据最后——段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithher

kidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.（Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多

个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动）可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和

家人待在一起的时光。B.Hertimewithfamily.（她与家人的时光）符合以上说法，故选B项。

7.推理判断题。根据最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindingoodacademicstandingandgraduated

withhonors.（虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业）和However,

herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisa

first-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'stheprettypowerful.（然而，她的孩子

们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说

是一种激励-这是非常强大的。）可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩

毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中

学到:努力总会有回报。C.Hardworkpaysoff.（努力会得到回报）符合以上说法，故选C项。

C

本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书

是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。

8.细节理解题。根据第一段的“Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistan

towriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAraSea”可知，几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸

引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell

先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。

9.词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内

容，根据第一段最后一句"Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistanto

writeanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea（几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹

别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章）”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，

故选D。

10.推理判断题。根据第三段“ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessand

warmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,Mr.Bisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,

whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.In

Ferghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.Andin

Karakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.”

可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，Mr.Bissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在

撒马尔罕，Mr.Bissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，

他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉

卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历

了很多事情。结合选项，B选项（充满事件的，多事的）可以表达此意。故选B。

11.推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述

了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。

因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。

D

本文是说明文。最近的研究表明：我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入

量。文章详述了这个实验的过程。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段中的uAccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,

boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake”可知，根

据消费者研究杂志最近的一项研究，我们的饮食伙伴的大小和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入

量。因此这项研究是关于饮食行为的。故选D。

13.词义猜测题。根据前半句"Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwith

heavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点

大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是thebeanpoleswithbigappetiteso由

contraryto可推断出，画线词和heavierpeople（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的

人）正好和heavierpeople正好相反。故选D。

14.推理判断题。根据第二段的"Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchers

conductedtwoexperiments''可知，为了测试社会影响对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实

验。根据倒数第三段的内容可知，在两个实验中，胖的和瘦的演员都吃了大量的食物。参与者也照

做，吃的食物比平常多。然而，当演员是瘦的时候，参与者们服用的食物更多。由此推断，研究

人员雇用演员是为了看看她如何影响参与者。故选A。

15.推理判断题。根据最后——段中的"Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,Tilholdbacka

bitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,Tilfollowsuit.Ifhecaneat

muchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?”可知，如一个超重的人吃很大一份，我会忍住一点，因为我看到

了他饮食习惯的结果。但如果一个瘦的人吃很多，我会跟着做。如他吃得多保持苗条，为什么我不

能呢？因此推断我们是据我们对他人的看法（即：如何看待他人）来调整影响的。故选C。

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。

16.本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G

项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文

主题-演讲者要训练。故选G。

17.下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常

见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在“公众”上，而不是“演讲”上。这

是错误做法，A项Dotheopposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故

选Ao

18.本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停

止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出

错的方法。故选C。

19.本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应说明目标是

什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。

20.下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorter

thananticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地

等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受

巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改

变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360

英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。

21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A.dream梦想；

B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄

附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。

22.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.nature自然；B.

youth青春，年轻；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故

选Ao

23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生一些令人不安的事情。

A.precious宝贵的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D.awkward尴

尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到：洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常,

令人不安。故选C。

24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成损害赶走了很

多鸟类。A.waste废物；B.tension紧张；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这

个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。

25.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；

C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。根据aswell可知,洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它

还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。

26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.

agreed同意；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记住,记起；D.predicted预测。Molai"意识到"

鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。

27.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.noise

噪音；B.heat热；C.disease疾病；D.dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟

类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。

28.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树;这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。

A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树

木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。

29.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A.labor劳动；B.police

警察；C.forest森林；D.finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的^Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplant

trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。

30.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里

种树、A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发现；C.left离开；D.managed设法做成。根据前面的ulooking

onhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他“发现”了一个小岛。故选B。

31.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.Decorating

装饰；B.Observing观察到；C.Watering浇水；D.Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想

尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“thedryseason"可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故

选C。

32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.tough

困难的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic极好的；D.beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可

知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难故选A。

33.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平