-新教材高中英语高效作业1Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriodⅠReadingandThinking含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册

PAGEPAGE7PeriodⅠReadingandThinking[语言基础巩固]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．AsfarasIamconcerned,readingisofvital__importanceinlearningalanguageandbroadeningone'shorizons.2．Pricewillbeacrucial__factorinthesuccessofthisnewproduct.3．Howwouldyoulikeyoureggs?Friedorboiled__？4．It'sapitythatsheadmitteddefeat__wellbeforeallthevoteshadbeencounted.5．Toobtain__herdegree,sheanswered81questionsover10papers.6．Plantgrowthismost__distinct__(明显的)inspringandearlysummer.7．Hehasclearly__committed__(保证)hisgovernmenttocontinuingdownthepathofeconomicreform.8．Theyliketothinkandconsiderbeforetakingaction,andwilloften__analyse__(分析)beforespeaking.9．Despitethefactthatthebottleistintedadelicateshadeofgreen,anobservantvisitorwouldsoonnoticethatitisfilledwithwhatlookslikeathick__substance__(物质).10．Ourmain__objective__(目标)wastherecoveryofthechildsafeandwell.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．There'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextracted__from__themoment.2．Theyhavegotfivevictoriesandtwo__defeats__(defeat).3．MoYanisacknowledged__as__oneofthebestwritersinChina.4．Hepaused,__apparently__(apparent)lostinthought.5．It'sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisone__to__employ__(employ)asecurityofficer.6．Upon__going__(go)outoftheroom,Jackheardhiscellphoneringing.7．Thevalueofapersoncan__be__obtained__(obtain)byrelativeevaluation.8．Itisvital__to__protect__(protect)wildanimals.9．ThestudentsreturninSeptemberforthestartofthenew__academic__(academy)year.10．Thisisabook__written__(write)byafamousChinesewriter.11．Weshouldbe__committed__(commit)totheprotectionofourenvironment.12．Thegirl__standing__(stand)underthetreeisreallycharming.13．Thisaidmoneyiscrucial__to__thegovernment'seconomicpolicies.14．Iwillcommit__myself__(I)totheeducationinChina.15．TheYellowMountainoccupiesanimportantplaceinChina's__botanical__(botany)research.Ⅲ.完成句子1．屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保其安全性。(insiston)TuYouyouandherteammemberseven__insisted__on__testing__the__medicine__onthemselvestomakesure__that__it__was__safe__.2．刚到国外的时候，我们会感到很兴奋，一切事情看起来都很奇妙。(ondoing)__On__arriving__in__a__foreign__country__，wemayfeelveryexcited,andeverythingappearswonderful.3．保护森林是至关重要的，这样我们才能继续正常地生活在地球上。(vital)__It__is__vital__to__protect__forests__sothatwecancontinuetoliveonearthnormally.4．人们普遍认为抚养孩子绝不是一件容易的事。(acknowledge)Itiswidely__acknowledged__that__it'sbynomeansaneasytasktobringupachildwell.5．能获得这个关于儿童平等受教育权利的奖项，我感到非常荣幸。(anhonour)__It's__a__great__honour__to__receive__the__award__concerningchildren'sequalrightstoeducation.Ⅳ.课文语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In2015,TuYouyou1．__was__awarded__(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinebecauseshediscoveredartemisinin,2．__which__isavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.TuYouyouwasborninNingbo,Chinain1930and3．__graduated__(graduate)fromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.In1967,she,togetherwithateamof4．__scientists__(scientist),begantodiscoveranewtreatmentformalaria.In1969,astheheadoftheproject,shedecided5．__to__find__(find)traditionalbotanicaltreatmentsforthediseasefromancientChinesemedicaltexts.Shegotaninspirationfromonemedicaltextofthefourthcentury,whichsuggestedusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.Atfirstherteamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutitdidn'twork.Thentheytried6．__boiling__(boil)freshwormwoodbuthadnoeffect,either.7．__However__，shedidn'tacknowledgethedefeatandfinallyfoundadifferentwaytotreatthewormwood.Shedrewouttheextractfromthewormwood8．__at__alowertemperatureandfoundasubstancethatworked.9．__Luckily__(lucky),herteamfinallysucceededin1971andthemedicine，whichwascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandard10．__treatment__(treat)formalaria.[话题语篇提升]Ⅴ.阅读理解AFordecades,ChinahadwantedaNobelPrizeinscience.TuYouyou,aresearcherwhohelpedtodevelopamalariamedicine,finallywonthehonourforthecountry.Infact,TuisnottheonlyscientistinChinawhoiscatchingtheworld'sattention.In2016,theNaturejournalpublishedalistofthetop10sciencestarsinChina.GaoCaixiaandCuiWeichengaretwoofthem.GaoCaixiahasbeendevotedtogeneticengineeringforherwholecareer.SheisknownforusingCRISPR/CAS9,therevolutionarygene­editingtechniquethatissweepingthroughbiologylabsaroundtheworld—incrops.Atfirst,GaowasunwillingtotakeupgeneeditingusingCRISPR/CAS9becauseherlabattheChineseAcademyofSciences'InstituteofGeneticsandDevelopmentalBiologyinBeijinghadalreadycreatedmutations(变异)in82genesusinganoldertypeoftechnology.Butafterthinkingcarefullyaboutit,shedecidedtogiveitatry.Afterayearofhardwork,herlabfinallysucceeded.Gaoworkedongeneticengineeringinwheat,acropthatisfamousforbeingdifficulttoworkwith.Nowsheisconsideredoneofthebestintheworldatengineeringwheat.CuiWeichengisthedeveloperofChina'srecord­settingJiaolongsubmersible(潜水器).HeisnowaprofessoratWestlakeUniversity.In2012,CuirodeinsideChina'sJiaolongsubmersibleandreachedadepthofmorethan7，000metresinthePacific.ThankstoJiaolongandthe58­year­olddeveloper,Chinaisnowoneofonlyafewnationsthatcanexplorethedeepsea.Jiaolongcantraveldeeperthananyothermannedresearchsubmersiblecurrentlyinuse,whichshowsChina'sincreasingambitionandleadershipindeep­searesearch.(D)1．WhyisTuYouyoumentionedatthebeginningofthepassage?A．ToshowoneofChina'slong­helddreams.B．TostresstheimportanceoftheNobelPrize.C．TopraiseTuYouyouforhercontributions.D．TointroducemoretopChinesescientists.(C)2．WhydidGaoCaixiaworkonwheat?A．Shefailedinherattempttostudyothercrops.B．Shewasexpertatwheatengineering.C．Wheatishardtobegeneticallyengineered.D．WheatisthemostwidelyplantedcropinChina.(B)3．WhatisCuiWeicheng'sbiggestcontributiontoChina?A．Heteachesaboutseaatauniversity.B．HedevelopedJiaolongsubmersible.C．Heisdevotedtogeneticengineering.D．Hereachedthebottomoftheocean.(A)4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．China'sScienceStarsB．China'sNobelPrizeDreamC．GaoCaixia－China'sCropEngineerD．CuiWeicheng－China'sDeep­seaDiver答案及解析：【语篇解读】屠呦呦并不是中国唯一一位引起世界关注的科学家。《自然》杂志发布了中国十大科学明星名单。高彩霞和崔维成就是其中的两位。1．D细节理解题。由第二段“Infact,TuisnottheonlyscientistinChinawhoiscatchingtheworld'sattention.In2016,theNaturejournalpublishedalistofthetop10sciencestarsinChina.GaoCaixiaandCuiWeichengaretwoofthem.”可知，后文介绍更多中国顶尖科学家，故选D项。2．C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Gaoworkedongeneticengineeringinwheat,acropthatisfamousforbeingdifficulttoworkwith.”可知，高彩霞研究小麦是因为小麦很难进行基因改造，且结合第四段最后一句“shedecidedtogiveitatry”可知答案为C。3．B细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“CuiWeichengisthedeveloperofChina'srecord­settingJiaolongsubmersible(潜水器)”可知，崔维成对中国最大的贡献是研制了蛟龙潜水器，故选B。4．A主旨大意题。通读全文且结合第二段中的“alistofthetop10sciencestarsinChina.GaoCaixiaandCuiWeichengaretwoofthem.”可知，本文介绍了除屠呦呦之外的两位中国顶尖科学明星。故选A项。BWilliamPhelpsEno(1858－1945)wasaninternationallyrecognisedpioneerintrafficcontrolandregulation.Namedthe“FatherofTrafficSafety”，EnodevelopedthefirsttrafficplansformajorcitiesincludingNewYork,London,andParis,andiscreditedwithhelpingtoinventandpopularizestopsigns,taxistands,pedestriansafetyislands,andothertrafficfeaturescommonlyusedthroughouttheworld.Enostartedoutinhisfamily'srealestatebusiness,buthisinterestintransportationledhimtoconcentratehissparetimeontrafficreform.In1899,attheageof40,heleftrealestatebehindanddevotedtherestofhislifetoputtinghisconceptsfororderlytransportationintopractice.His“RulesoftheRoad”，adoptedbyNewYorkCityin1909,becametheworld'sfirstcitytrafficplan.Healsowrotethefirst­evermanualofpolicetrafficregulations.Enograduallyembracedmultimodaltransportationinterests.HedevelopedaplanforsubwaysinNewYorkCitylongbeforeanyoneelseseriouslyconsideredtheconcept.Healsobecameinterestedinmaritimeactivities,supportedrailroaddevelopment,andstartedresearchinthe1920sonthefutureimpactofaviation(航空).Enodiedin1945attheageof86.Ironically,__heneverdroveacarduringhislifetime.TheFatherofTrafficSafety，anenthusiastichorsebackrider，distrustedautomobiles.In1921,WilliamPhelpsEnocreatedacorporationwhosepurposewastocontinuehislifetime'swork—thepromotionofsafetyonroadsandhighways.HesponsoredtheFoundationandbegantheworkofattractingothertransportationexpertsandspecialistsinordertoprovideaforumforunbiaseddiscussionsthatwouldleadtoimprovementsinthemovementofpeopleandgoods.Since1921,theFoundationhasundergonemanychanges.WhatbeganasaFoundationforHighwayTrafficRegulationhasnowbecomeanindependent,non­profitthinktankthatworksinfederaltransportationpolicyandtransportationleadershipdevelopment.WhathasnotchangedisEno'sconstantpresenceintheworldoftransportation.(A)5．ForwhatisWilliamPhelpsEnowell­knowntothewholeworld?A．Hispioneeringworkinensuringtrafficsafety.B．Hisdesignofalltrafficsigns.C．Hisre