外文坚参考文献译文及原文

1外文文献译文数字楼盘的特点及前背（一）（二）最快捷的平（三）（四）VR区房地产销售中各种的功能对比见下表2外文文献原文CharacteristicsandprospectsofdigitalThenumberoftigerimagetechnologythroughthevirtualrealitysimulationtechnologywillappearintheareaoftherealestateinthedemosystem,visitorscanwalkwithouthavingtogotothesite,inthethree-dimensionalscene,witharoverrealvisualangletowatchthesurroundingenvironment,residentialenvironment.Alsocanbedirectlyintotheoutdoorentertainmentclub,amodelofthehousingroomspace,feelwarm,havealookthroughthewindowoutdoorscenery,vivid,takeone'sease.Throughthedigitalsalesystemuserscanquerypropertydataandinformationofinterest,virtualsimulationtechnologytobringconvenienceandshortcut,notthetraditionalnedrawingsandsandtabledisymodecanachieve.Section1Withtheincreaseoftherealestateindustrycompetition,thetraditionalnegraphs,drawings,sandtable,amodelofthehousinghasfarcannotsatisfytheneedsofconsumers.Decisionmakersmustsave,akeengraspofmarkettrends,decisiveandenablethelatesttechnologyandquicklyintoproductivity,canonestepaheadofcompetitors,rout.Virtualrealitytechnologyisasetof evisionadvertising,animation,multimedia,networktechnologyinatwenty-firstCenturymodeloftherealestatemarketing,inthedomesticGuangzhou,Shanghai,Beijingandotherbigcity,areverypopularabroad,suchasCanadaUSAeconomicandtechnologicaladvancedcountries,therealestateindustryistodayapropertygrades,thesizeandstrengthofthesymbolandsign,themostimportantisthecoreofrealestatesales!Atthesametime,otherimportantlinksintherealestatedevelopmentincludingthedeclaration,approval,design,publicityandotheraspectsareveryurgentDigitalimagetechnologythroughthevirtualrealitysimulationtechnologywillappearintheareaoftherealestateinthedemosystem,visitorscanwalkwithouthavingtogotothesite,inthethree-dimensionalscene,witharoverrealvisualangletowatchthesurroundingenvironment,residentialenvironment.Alsocanbedirectlyintotheoutdoorentertainmentclub,amodelofthehousingroomspace,feelwarm,havealookthroughthewindowoutdoorscenery,vivid,takeone'sease.Throughthedigitalsalesystemuserscanquerypropertydataandinformationofinterest,virtualsimulationtechnologytobringconvenienceandshortcut,notthetraditionalnedrawingsandsandtabledisymodecanachieve.Section2IndustryAtpresent,themarketdemandisgreat,butthesupplyisinsufficient,especiallywiththecoreofinlectualpropertyrights,perfecttechnologyenterprisesarenotmany,theindustryasawholelackofbrand.TheonlywaytoAoedgecallindustryenterprises,especiallyyscarpR&Dspirit,furtherenhanceR&Dcapability,reducethecost,solvethepracticaldifficultiesofcustomers,strictlythequalitypass,toprovidethemostreliableproductsandSection3SpecificthemostintuitivewaytoThetraditionaleffectgraphexpressionmeansofartificiallymodifiedeasilybemisledusers,theapplicationofvirtualrealitytechnology,developerscanexperience,evaluatethecharacteristicsandmeritsofeachscheme,inordertomakethebestdecision,notonlycanavoidmakingmistakes,butalsocangreatlyenhancethepotentialofthepropertymarketvalue,soastoimprovetheefficiencyofdevelopmentsuccessrateandprojectutilizationoflandresources,protectionofinvestment.Usingvirtualrealitytechnologyasatoolforthedisyoflargeprojects,buildalifelikethree-dimensionaldynamicmodel,spaceandfunctionofinternalandexternaldisyafullrangeofbuildings,inthedeclaration,approval,publicity,communication,marketing,tomakethetargetaudiencehaveastronginterestinparticipation,projectndemandsmorerecognitionbyothers.themostefficienttformfortheexaminationandToprovideareal-timein ctivetformfortheexaminationandapprovalofvirtualrealitytechnology,sothatapprovalcanbeallyonthescenefeelingsafterthecompletionofthelandscape,andtosupportreal-timeheight,layout,multiadjustmentprogrammes.Bringtheapprovalrateprojectcommunicationisstrengthened,andstartedfortheprecioustimefortheproject.themostconvenientdesignVirtualrealityisnotonlyademonstrationofthemedia,butalsoadesigntool.Itreflectsthedesigner'sthoughtinvisualform,suchaswhenbeforecoveramodernbuilding,thefirstthingyouhavetodoisstructure,shapeofthebuildingtodocarefulnning,inordertomaketative,youalsoneedtodesignmanydrawings,thesedrawingsinpedestrianonlyread,virtualrealitycanputtheideaintothevisiblevirtualobjectsandenvironments,sothatinthepastonlywiththedesignpatternoftraditionalsandtabletodigitalthatlookthatistheperfectrealm,greatlyimprovingthequalityandefficiencyofdesignandnning.Theuseofvirtualrealitytechnology,designerscanfullyinaccordancewiththeirownideastoconstructthedecoration"virtual"room,andtheroomcantransformthemselvesinposition,toobservetheeffectofthedesign,untilsatisfied.Notonlysavestime,andsavesthecostofngmodel.themostadvancedmarketingInrealestatesales,thetraditionalapproachistoproducesandtablemodel.Becausethesandtabletogothroughlargescale,itcanonlygetanaerialviewoftheimagearea,nottothepointofviewofthenormalfeelingsofresidentialarchitecturespace,inwhichpeoplecannotgetthetruefeelingofmovement.Atthesametime,afterthemodeling,thehighcostofchange,thereisgreatlimitation.Inrecentyearstheeffectdiagramandthe3Danimationhasbeenwidelyapplied.However,canonlyprovidestaticvisualexperience.Threedimensionalanimationdespitestrongperformanceofthedynamicthree-dimensional,butdonothavereal-timeinctivity,isastaticworld.Theobservercanonlypredeterminedlineandpointofview,verypassive,informationcannotbefully.Applicationofvirtualrealitytechnology,thetargetcustomerscanwalk,inthevirtualrealitysystemofarbitraryviewing,breakingthebottleneckoftraditional3Danimationofpassiveobservationandnoinction,tothetargetcustomerscannotmatchthesceneasenseofrealismandbeallyonthescene,sotheygetatruefeelings,fasterandmoreaccuratedecisionstobemadetoorder,greatlyacceleratingcommoditythepaceofsales.Atthesametime,thevirtualrealitytechnologycanalsobeusedinnetworkandmultimedia,moreconvenient,efficientdisseminationofproductinformation.ApplicationofthecurrentallowpropertybuyersseethevisualmodelofthehousinginthesalesofficesonthecomputerusingVRtechnologytoallowpropertybuyerstoseeafewyearslaterbuiltsmallonthecomputerviewingareaenvironmentdesignintothevirtualrealitymodelroom,feeltheroomselectedapartmentlayoutontheFunctionalcomparisonofvariousmarketingmeansrealestatesalesinthetableInsummary,comparedwiththetraditionalsalespromotionmethods,indicatorsofvirtualrealitysolutionsrelativehasobviousadvantagesBecauseofthecharacteristicsofvirtualrealitytechnology,itsapplicationintherealestateindustry,cangreatlyimprovethequalityoftheprojectdesign,reducethecostandrisk,speeduptheprogressofprojectimplementation,strengthentherelevantdepartmentforprojectofcognition,understandingandmanagement,greatlyenhancetherealestatedeveloperstasteandlevel,alsowillbringthefinalbenefit.3外文文献译文虚拟现实技术的国内外发展及研究状VR)交互性它是指用户对模拟环境内物体的可操作程度和从环境得到反馈的自然程度(国外虚拟现实技术研究现VR技术在的研究现、是虚拟现实技术研究的发源地,R技术的研究水平基本上代表了国际VR发展的水平。最初的研究应用主要集中在军方对飞行驾驶员与宇航员的模拟训练。然而,随着冷战后军费的削减,这些技术逐步转为民用.目前在该领域的基础研究主要集中在感知用户界面软件和件四个方面上世纪80年代,宇航局(NASA)及国防部组织了一系列有关虚拟现实技术的研究,并取得了令人瞩目的研究成果,宇航局Ames致力于一个“虚拟行星探索(VPE)的实验计划现NASA已经建立了航空VR训练系统,空间站VR训练系统,并已经建立了可供使VRVR航空驾驶外科手术仿真建筑仿真等大学研制出一套在动态虚拟环境中的流体实时仿真系统施乐公司在VR领域主要从事利用VRT建立未来的研究,并努力设计一项基于VR使得数据存取更容易的窗口系统波音公司的波音777机采用全无纸化设计,利用所开发的虚拟现实系统将虚拟环境叠加于真实环境之上,把虚拟的模板显示在正在加工的工件上,工人根据此模板控制待加工尺寸,从而简化加工过程。、VRBristol,VR应集中在整体综合技术上,他们在软件和硬件的某些领域处于领先地位。英国ARRL公司关于远地呈现的研究实验,主要包括VR重构问题。他们的产品还包括建筑和科学可视化VRDIVEUnix荷兰海牙TNO的物理电子开发的训练和模拟系统,通过改进人机界面来改善现有模拟系统,以使用户完全介入模VR于培训,在新生产设备投入使用前用虚拟工厂来提高工人的操作水平。2008年10月27-29日在法国举行的ACMSymposi-umonVirtualRealitySoftwareandTechnoogyVR技术在的研究现VR密和智能研究了一个用于建立三维模型的人性化界面,称为SpmAR;NEC公司开发了一种虚拟现实系统,用代用手来处理CAD中的三维形体模型,通过数据手套把对模型X、Y记录器的受力反馈装置;东京大学的高级科学的研究重点主要集中在控制方面,他们最近的研究项目是可以使用户控制系统和一个模拟人手的随动机械人的主从系统;东京大学广濑研究室重点研究虚拟现实的可视化问题。他们正在开发一种虚拟全息系统,用于克服当前显示和交互作用技术的局限性;奈良尖端技术院大学教授国宏的研究小组于2004年开发出一种嗅觉模拟器,只要把虚拟空间里的水果放到鼻尖上一闻,装置就会在鼻尖处放出水果的香味,这是虚拟现实技术在嗅觉研究领域的一项突破。国内虚拟现实技术研究现我国各界的和关注,研究与应用VR,建立虚拟环境,虚拟场景模型分布式VR系航空航天大学计算机系也是国内最早进行VR研究最威的单位之一,其拟实现与可视化新技术研究室集成了分布式虚拟环境,可以提供实时三维动态数据库、虚拟现实演示环境用于训练的虚拟现实系统虚拟现实应用系统的开发平台等并在以下方面取得进展:着重研究了虚拟环境中物体物理特性的表示与处理;在虚拟现实中的视觉接口方面开发出部分硬件,并提出有关算法及实现方法。浙江大学CAD&CG国家在基于图像的虚拟实现、分布式虚拟环境的建立、多屏幕显示和图像随动、克服立体图闪烁的措施和深度感试验等方面都有不少独特的方法。虚拟环境的建立是VR技术的内容,动态环境建模技术的目的是获取实际环境和复杂程度的前提下,如何提高刷新频率将是今后重要的研究内容。此外,VR还依赖于立体显示和传感器技术的发展,现有的虚拟设备还不能满足系统的需要,有必要开发新网络虚拟现实是指多个用户在一个基于网络的计算机集合中,利用新型的人机交互设备介入计算机产生的适用于用户(即人化)应用的相关的虚拟情景环境分布式虚拟环境系统除了满足复杂虚拟环境计算的需求外,还应满足分布式仿真与协同工作等应用对共享虚拟环境的自然需求。分布式虚拟现实系统必须支持系统中多个用户、虚拟现实系统,是可供多用户同时异地参与的分布式虚拟环境,处于不同地理位置的用“八六三计划的支持下,由航空航天大学杭州大学、中国计算所中国软件所和兵等单位共同开发了一个分布虚拟环境基础,为我国开展分布式虚拟现实的研究提供了必要额网络平台和软硬件基础环境。4外文文献原文DomesticandforeigndevelopmentofthevirtualrealitytechnologyandresearchstatusVirtualrealitytechnologyisanewtechnologywhichdevelopedwiththeprogressofscienceandtechnology,militaryandeconomicsupportfromamultidisciplinary,hecanbeverygoodtofacetheglobalizationofmarketrequirements,andhelppeoplebettertosolvetheproblemsofresources,environmentandthedemandofdiversity.Thisarticlefromtheconceptofvirtualreality,thevirtualrealitytechnologyandresearchsituationathomeandabroadwerefullydiscussed,andtheprospectofdevelopmenttrendinvirtualVirtualVirtualreality(VR)isakindofcomputerinterfacetechnology.Essentially,virtualrealityisanadvancedcomputeruserinterface,theuseratthesametime,bygivinghimsuchasvision,hearing,touch,providevariousdirectandnaturalrealtimein ctivemeans,toizetheconvenienceoftheuseroperationsoastoreducetheburdenontheuser,improvetheefficiencyofthewholesystem.Fromtheapplicationpointofviewitisacomprehensivecomputergraphicstechnology,multimedia puterin ctiontechnology,networktechnology,3Ddisytechnologyandsimulationtechnologyandotherscienceandtechnologydevelopedinthefieldofcomputertechnologyisthelatest,mechanics,mathematics,optics,mechanismkinematicsandcomprehensiveapplicationofvariousdisciplines.Mostofthisnewtechnologyinthefieldsofcomputeristomimicthewayforuserstocreateavirtualenvironment,visual,auditory,touchtheperceptionbehaviorallowstheusertogenerateanimmersivevirtualenvironmentfeeling,andcanin ctwithavirtualenvironmentcancausechangesinrealtimevirtualenvironment.Nowassociatedwiththevirtualrealitycontenthasbeenextendedtomanyaspectsassociatedwithit,suchas"artificialreality",".","virtualenvironment","cyberspace"etc..ThecharacteristicsofvirtualVirtualrealitycanbedefinedforfivedimensionalspace-timesimulationtotherealworld,exceptthesimulationofthree-dimensionalspaceandoneoftime,alsoincludesthein ctivesimulationofnature.Acompletevirtualrealitysystemcontainsarealistic3Dvirtualenvironmentandpeoplewith ctionhabitsofpeople--in ctiveinterface,distributedvirtualrealitysystemforsharinginformationshouldincludethe interface.Virtualrealitytechnologyisacomputer,sensorandmeasurement,simulation,microelectronicstechnologyandintegratedtechnology,ithasthefollowingfourmultisensationcalledmultisensationthatinadditiontovisualperceptionofthegeneralcomputer,andauditory,haptic,motionperception,evenshouldincludetasteperception,olfactoryperception.existenceisalso epresenceitistruethatusersfeelasaprotagonistinvirtualitreferstoanobjecttheuserin ctivesimulationenvironmentwithintheoperationallevelandgetthenaturaldegreefeedbackfromenvironment(includingrealtime).AutonomyreferstoobjectsinvirtualenvironmentaccordingtothelawsofphysicsactionResearchstatusofthevirtualrealitytechnologyVRisbasedmainlyoncomputergraphics,imageprocessingandpatternrecognition,inligentinterfacetechnology,sensortechnology,languageprocessingandsoundtechnology,networktechnology,parallelprocessingtechnologyandhighperformancecomputersystem.theresearchstatusofVRtechnologyintheAmericaisthebirthceofthevirtualrealitytechnology,researchlevelUSAVRtechnologybasicallyrepresentsthelevelofdevelopmentofinternationalVR.ResearchontheapplicationoftheinitialfocusofsimulationtrainingonpilotsandastronautsinUSAmilitary.However,alongwiththereductionUSAmilitaryafterthecoldwar,thetechnologytransferredtothecivilian.CurrentresearchinthefieldofAmericanmainlyfocusonfouraspectsofperception,userinterface,softwareandhardware.Thelastcentury80's,AmericanNASA(NASA)andAmericaDefenseDepartmentorganizedaseriesofstudiesaboutvirtualrealitytechnology,andtheresultsattractpeople'sattention,AmericaNASAAmeslaboratorydevotedtoa"virtualnetaryexploration"(VPE)program.NowNASAhasestablishedaviation,saliteVRsystemmaintenancetraining,VRtrainingsystemforspacestation,andhaveestablishedtheVReducationsystemfortheuseof.TheUniversityofNorthCarolinaDepartmentofcomputerisVRoftheearliestandmostfamousuniversity.Theymainlystudiedthemolecularmodeling,airdriving,surgicaloperationsimulation,constructionsimulation.GeorgeMasonUniversitydevelopedadynamicvirtualenvironmentinreal-timefluidsimulationsystem.ResearchonXeroxCointhefieldofVRresearchcenterismainlyengagedintheestablishmentoftheofficeofthefutureuseofVRT,andtrytodesignawindowsystembasedonVRmakesdataaccesseasier. 777aircraftusepaperlessdesign,usingthevirtualrealitysystemdevelopedbyvirtualenvironmentsuperimposedontherealenvironment,thevirtualtemtetodisyinapieceofworkinprocess,theworkersaccordingtothetemtecontrolmachiningdimension,soastosimplifytheprocess.theresearchstatusofVRtechnologyinInEurope,theUKandinsomeaspectsofVRdevelopment,especiallytheprocessingequipment,auxiliaryparalleldistribution(includinghapticfeedback)designandappliedresearchinEurope,isaleading.TheBritish Bristolfound,nodeVRapplicationshouldbefocusedontheoveralltechnology,leadingtheminthesoftwareandhardwareofcertainareas.ExperimentalstudyofBritish aboutremotepresentation,includingtheVRreconstructionproblem.Theirproductsincludeconstructionandvisualizationinscientificcomputing.OtherEuropeansomedevelopedcountriessuchasSweden,Holland,Germany:haveactivelycarriedouttheresearchandapplicationofVR.DIVEdistributedvirtualin ctiveenvironmentinSweden,isaUnixbased,heterogeneousdistributedsystemofmultipleprocessesondifferentnodescanworkinthesameintheworld.HollandHagueTNOResearchInstituteofPhysicalElectronicsLaboratory(TNO-PEL)trainingandsimulationsystemdevelopment,toimprovetheexistingsimulationsystembyimprovingtheman-machineinterface,sothattheuserfullyinvolvedinthesimulationenvironment.Germanymadeexceedingone'sexpectationsresultsinVRapplication.Inthetransformationoftraditionalindustries,onefortheproductdesign,reducethecost,avoidtheriskofnewproductdevelopment;twoistheproductdemonstration,toattractcustomersfororders;threeisusedfortraining,inthenewproductionequipmentputintousebeforetheuseofthevirtualfactorytoimprovetheiroperationlevel.In2008October27-29dayheldinFrance'sACMSymposi-umonVirtualRealitySoftwareandTechnoogyconference,wholetopromotein-depthdevelopmentofvirtualrealitytechnology.theresearchstatusofVRtechnologyinThedevelopmentofvirtualrealitytechnologyinJapanresearchinrelatedfieldsintheworldalsohasyadecisiveroleposition,ithasmadegreatachievementsinbuildinglargescaleVRknowledgebaseandvirtualrealitygame.AttheTokyoInstituteoftechnologyofprecisionandinligencelaboratoryisauser-friendlyinterfacetobuildthethree-dimensionalmodel,calledSpmAR;NEC developedavirtualrealitysystem,withalternativehandtodealwiththe3DmodelinCAD,theprocessingandtheoperatorhandmodelislinkedthroughdataglove;JapanIndustrialandcommercialdepartmentproductsresearchInstitutedevelopeda feedbackdevicebymeansofX,Yrecorder;focusonadvancedscienceresearchcenterofUniversityofTokyomainlyconcentratedintheremotecontrol,theirmostrecentresearchprojectswiththemaster-slavesystemmovingrobotarmuserscancontrolremoteshootingsystemandasimulatinghandthevisualizationresearch;UniversityofTokyoHiroselaboratoryvirtualreality.Avirtualholographicsystemisbeingdevelopedto ethelimitationsoftheir,thedisyand ction;cutting-edgetechnologyresearchJapanNaragraduateteamleaderProfessorChiharaKunihiroUniversityHospitalin2004developedaolfactorysimulator,aslongasthevirtualspaceofthefruitonthenosesmell,devicewillemitaromaoffruitinthethetipofthenose,whichisanolfactoryresearchbreakthroughinthefieldofvirtualrealitytechnology.ResearchstatusofthevirtualrealitytechnologyThereisstillabigdistanceinthestudyofvirtualrealitytechnologyin andsomedevelopedcountries,withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputergraphics,computersystemsengineeringtechnology,virtualrealitytechnologyhasreceivedconsiderableattention,causedourcountrypeople'sinterestandattention,researchandapplicationofVR,avirtualenvironment,thedevelopmentofdistributedVRsystemvirtualscenemodelismovingtowardthedepthandthebreadthdevelopment.TheStateScienceandTechnologyCommissionCSTINDDepartmenthastheresearchonvirtualrealitytechnologyasakeyresearchprojects,manydomesticresearchinstitutionsanduniversitiesareintheresearchandapplicationofvirtualrealityandachievedsomegoodresults.ComputerDepartmentofBeihangUniversityisoneoftheearliestVRresearch,oneofthemostauthoritativeinstitutions,thevirtualintegrationofdistributedvirtualenvironmentandvisualizationtechnologyresearchcenter,canprovidereal-time3Ddynamicdatabase,virtualrealitydemoenvironment,usedforvirtualrealitysystem,pilottrainingsystembasedonvirtualrealitydevelopmenttform,andachievedprogressinthefollowingaspects:focusesontherepresentationandprocessingofphysicalpropertiesofobjectsinvirtualenvironment;invirtualrealityvisualinterfacedevelopedpartofthehardware,andputforwardthealgorithmandrealizingmethod.ZhejiangUniversityStateKeyLaboratoryofCAD&CGinimagebasedvirtualreality,distributedvirtualenvironment,levelofdetailmodel,realistic3Dreconstruction,basedongeometryandImageHybridGraphicsreal-timerenderingalgorithmandotherareastocarryoutin-depthresearch,producedextensiveinfluenceathomeandabroad.TsinghuaUniversitycomputerscienceandtechnologydepartmentwerestudied,thevirtualrealityepresenceaspectssuchas:sphericalscreendisyandimagefollow-up,themeasuresto eandstereodepthmapflashingsensetesthasmanyuniquemethod.ThedevelopmenttrendofvirtualrealityWiththeapplicationofvirtualrealitytechnologyincitynning,militaryandotheraspectsofthein-depth,intheaspectofmodelingandrendering,inctivemodeandsystemconstructionmethods,thetechnologyofvirtualrealityareputforwardhigherrequirements.Inordertomeetthesenewrequirements,inrecentyears,researchonrelatedofvirtualrealitytofollowthe"lowcost,highperformance"principlehasachievedrapiddevelopment,showsomenewcharacteristicsandtrendofdevelopment.Mainshowisinthefollowingaspects:dynamicenvironmentmodelingTheestablishmentofvirtualenvironmentisthecorecontentofVRtechnology,dynamicenvironmentmodelingtechnologyaimsto3Ddataacquisitionpracticeenvironment,andneedtobuildavirtualenvironmentmodelbasedonthe.3DgraphicsgenerationanddisyGenerationof3Dgraphicshasbeenrelativelymature,