湖北省十堰市2021年中考英语试题（含详解）

2021年十堰市初中毕业生学业水平考试英语试题注意事项∶1.本卷共有8页,86小题,满分120分,考试时限120分钟。2.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡指定的位置,并认真核对条形码上的准考证号和姓名,在答题卡规定的位置贴好条形码。3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔在指定位置填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔答题,不得使用铅笔或圆珠笔等笔做答。要求字体工整,笔迹清楚。请按照题目序号在答题卡对应的各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题卡区域的答案和在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力理解（共两节,满分25分）第一节∶听小对话,按要求做答。（每小题1分,满分5分）请听5段小对话及对话后的问题,选择能正确回答所提问题的图画选项。每段对话及对话后的问题仅读一遍。第二节∶听大对话或独白,按要求做答。（每小题1分,满分20分）请听6段大对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,请按要求做答。每段对话或独白均读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7小题。6.HowoldwillPaulbenextmonth?A.14.B.15.C.16.7.What'stheskirtmadeof?A.Cotton.B.Silk.C.Paper.听第7段材料,回答第8、9小题。8.WhatwilltheydoonSaturdayevening?A.Gotothelibrary.B.Gototheshop.C.Gototheconcert.9.Whenwilltheymeet?A.At5:00p.m.B.At600p.m.C.At700p.m.听第8段材料,回答第10～12小题。10.What'sthemandoing?A.Sendingabag.B.Buyingabag.C.Sellingabag.11.What'sintheman'sbag?A.Someclothes.B.Somebooks.C.Somefood.12.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.Theman'ssisterlivesinBeijing.B.ThemansendsChristmaspresentsbyShunfeng.C.Themanshouldpay￥20.听第9段材料,回答第13～15小题。13.Howdidthegirlgotoschool?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.14.Whotookthegirltothehospital?A.Thepolice.B.Markandthedriver.C.Thegirl'steacher.15.What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.听第10段材料,回答第16～20小题。16.Whendidthestoryhappen?A.OnaSundaymorning.B.OnaSundayafternoon.C.OnaSundayevening17.WheredoesRickoftengoforawalk?A.Intheroom.B.Inthegarden.C.Inthepark.18.Whydidn'tthevisitorstoptalking?A.Hewantedtomakethedogangry.B.Hewantedtomakehisfriendhappy.C.Hehadtoomuchtosay.19.WhydidRickholdthevisitor'shatinhismouth?A.Tomakethevisitorhappy.B.Toletthevisitorleavequickly.C.Toplaywiththehat.20.Whatdowelearnaboutthedog?A.Veryclever.B.Quiteshy.C.Reallylazy.听第11段材料,完成表中21～25小题的信息记录。（每空一词）SomesimplewaystodealwithstressLifestyleEatahealthydiet,get_21_sleepanddoexercise.SchoolworkPlanahead.Ifyouareweakinasubject,studyhardandaskateacherfor_22.ForpeoplewholaughatthemStudentsshouldn'tpayattentiontothem.Thinkmoreabout_23__things.HobbiesPlayingsports,readingandwatchingfilmshelpthemto__24.Besides,itssuitableforteenagersto_25_theirproblemswithfriendsandparents.第二部分基础知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节∶单项选择。（每小题1分,满分15分）从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—IsEricmarried?—Yes,andhehas_________8-year-olddaughter.A.a B.an C.the D./【答案】B【】【详解】句意：——Eric结婚了吗？——是的，他有一个8岁的女儿。考查冠词。a不定冠词，修饰辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词，修饰元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表示特指；/零冠词；空格修饰名词daughter，指的是“一个女儿”，应用不定冠词，8(eight)是元音音素开头的单词，应用an修饰，故选B。2.WhenIfacedifficulties,Ialwayssayto_________,“Nevergiveup!”A.me B.my C.mine D.myself【答案】D【】【详解】句意：当我面对困难时，我总是对自己说，“永不放弃！”考查代词辨析。me我，人称代词宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词。saytooneself自言自语，对自己说，故选D。3.The_________oftheSanxingduiRuinssite（三星堆遗址）shockedtheworld.A.discovery B.development C.disbelief D.difference【答案】A【】【详解】句意：三星堆遗址的发现震惊了世界。考查名词辨析。discovery发现；development发展；disbelief怀疑；difference区别。根据“The…oftheSanxingduiRuinssite”可知，是三星堆遗址的发现，故选A。4.—Where’sthePeople’sPark?—GoalongGongyuanRoad,turnrightatthesecondcrossingandit’s_________yourleft.A.on B.to C.at D.in【答案】A【】【分析】【详解】句意：——人民公园在哪里？——沿着公园路走，在第二个十字路口右转，它就在你的左边。考查介词。on（表示方向）在；to到……；at在（某处）；in在……里。根据下文“yourleft”提示，此处表示的是在某个方向上，故应用介词on，故选A。5.ThefilmHi,Mom（《你好,李焕英》）ismoving,andIthinkitiswellworth__________.A.see B.tobeseen C.seeing D.tosee【答案】C【】【详解】句意：电影《你好，李焕英》很感人，我觉得很值得一看。考查非谓语。beworthdoingsth“值得做某事”，空处应用动名词作宾语，故选C。6.—I’mafraidIcan’tdowellinthesportsmeeting—Don’tworry.Iwillsupportyou,_________youdon’tsucceed.A.evenif B.if C.sothat D.unless【答案】A【】【详解】句意：——恐怕我在运动会上做不好。——别担心。即使你不成功，我也会支持你。考查连词。evenif即使；if如果；sothat为了；unless除非；根据句意可知，此处表达的是即使没有成功，也会支持对方，应用evenif引导让步状语从句，故选A。7.Mid-AutumnDayusually_________onAugust15thinthelunarcalendar（阴历）everyyear.A.come B.comes C.iscoming D.willcome【答案】B【】【详解】句意：中秋节通常在每年农历的八月十五。考查一般现在时。根据“everyyear”可知，时态一般现在时，主语Mid-AutumnDay是第三人称单数，动词用三单，故选B。8.—Youarenot_________dressedfortheweather.—ButIfeelcomfortable.A.properly B.heavily C.directly D.hardly【答案】A【】【详解】句意：——你的穿着不适合这个天气。——但我觉得很舒服。考查副词辨析。properly合适地；heavily重地；directly直接地；hardly几乎不。根据“ButIfeelcomfortable.”可知，是转折关系，穿着舒适但是不合适，故选A。9.Whenmymothercameintomyroom,Iwasjustlyinginbedandwaitingforthealarmto_________.A.putoff B.takeoff C.turnoff D.gooff【答案】D【】【详解】句意：当我妈妈走进我的房间时，我正躺在床上等着闹钟响。考查动词短语。putoff推迟；takeoff脱下；turnoff关掉；gooff发出响声；根据“Iwasjustlyinginbedandwaitingforthealarm”可知，是等着闹钟响，故选D。10.Fishing_________inordertoprotecttheecosystemofHanjiangRiver.A.allows B.isallowed C.isn’tallowed D.won’tallow【答案】C【】【详解】句意：为了保护汉江的生态系统，禁止捕鱼。考查被动语态。句子主语Fishing与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且这种行为是不被允许的，应用否定形式，故选C。11.—DoyouknowMountWudanginShiyan?—Yes,I_________ittwice.It’sfantastic.A.hadclimbed B.climb C.climbed D.haveclimbed【答案】D【】【详解】句意：——你知道十堰的武当山吗？——是的，我爬了两次。太棒了。考查时态。根据“twice”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示已经去过武当山，带来的影响就是熟悉武当山那个地方，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，故选D。12.—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?—Heaskedme_________.A.howcouldIworkitout B.whendidIgotothelibraryC.whyIlookedunhappythen D.whoIamwaitingfor【答案】C【】【详解】句意：——刚才老师说了什么？——他问我当时为什么看起来不高兴。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/B选项；主句是一般过去时，从句应用过去的某种时态，而D选项是现在进行时，故排除D选项；故选C。13.Thisisthefirstbirthdaygift_________Ireceived.I’vekeptitmanyyears.A.which B.that C.who D.what【答案】B【】【详解】句意：这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我保存了很多年了。考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语；what不能引导定语从句；句子先行词是gift，指物，而先行词前有序数词修饰，应用that引导，故选B。14.—AreyouconfidentaboutthefootballmatchagainstClass11Kunkun?—________I’vegoteverythingready!A.Ofcoursenot. B.It’shardtosay. C.Sure,Iam. D.Justso-so.【答案】C【】【详解】句意：——坤坤，你对和十一班的足球赛有信心吗？——当然，我有。我把一切都准备好了！考查情景交际。Ofcoursenot当然不；It’shardtosay很难说；Sure,Iam当然，我是；Justso-so一般般。根据“I’vegoteverythingready!”可知，把一切都准备好了，所以有信心，故选C。15.—Let’sgotothemuseumthisweekend.—_________Ihavetoprepareforthespeechcompetition.A.Yes,please. B.Withpleasure. C.Goahead. D.Whatapity!【答案】D【】【详解】句意：——这个周末我们去博物馆吧。——真可惜！我得为演讲比赛做准备。考查情景交际。Yes,please.是的，请。Withpleasure.很愿效劳。Goahead.去吧。Whatapity!真可惜！根据“Let’sgotothemuseumthisweekend.”以及“Ihavetoprepareforthespeechcompetition.”可知，此处应该是为自己去不了而感到惋惜，故选D。第二节∶完形填空。（每小题1分,满分15分）通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,afarmerwaslookingforawatersourceforhisfarm.So,hewenttohisneighborandaskedhimifhecouldsellhiswell水井）tohim.Hisneighbor___16___.Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.Buttheneighborwasacunning（狡猾的）man.Thenextday,asthefarmercametogetwaterfromhiswell,hisneighborcameand___17___tolethimtakeanywater.Thefarmerwas___18___.Heasked,“Whycan’tItakewater?Ialreadyboughtthewell___19___you.”Theneighborreplied,“Isoldyouthewellnotthewater.”Thefarmerwenttotheemperorto___20___justice（公正）.Heexplainedwhathadhappened.TheemperorcalledonBirbal,his___21___courtier（朝臣）Birbalaskedthe___22___,“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”Theneighbor___23___,“Ididsellthewelltothefarmer,butnotthewaterinit.Therefore,hehasnorighttogetwaterfromthewell.”Birbalaskedthemtocomelater.Thenextday,allwenttotheplacewherethewellwas.ThereBirbalsaidtotheneighbor,“Look,youare___24___right,andyousoldthewellnotthewater.___25___yousoldthewellnotthewater,youhavenorighttokeepthewaterinthefarmer’swell.Nowyouhavetwo___26___:Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer___27___takeitoutimmediately”Theneighborrealizedthathisplanhad___28___.Hesaid___29___tothefarmerandwenthomequickly.Cheatingwillnotgetyou___30___.Ifyoucheat,youwillpaysoonenough.16.A.believed B.laughed C.prevented D.agreed17.A.refused B.avoided C.complained D.offered18.A.stupid B.surprised C.excited D.interested19.A.with B.for C.from D.to20.A.askfor B.waitfor C.lookfor D.payfor21.A.oldest B.closest C.wisest D.busiest22.A.farmer B.neighbor C.emperor D.courtier23.A.replied B.doubted C.asked D.ordered24.A.carefully B.wisely C.especially D.completely25.A.Since B.Though C.Unless D.Before26.A.decisions B.choices C.methods D.directions27.A.and B.but C.or D.nor28.A.succeeded B.finished C.failed D.changed29.A.no B.hello C.thanks D.sorry30.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.C20.A21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.C29.D30.B【】【分析】文章讲述了一位农夫从邻居那里买了一口井，但是邻居是个狡猾的人，它不让农夫从井里打水，理由是他卖的是井而不是水。聪明的朝臣让邻居做出选择：要么向农夫支付高昂的租金，要么立即把水取出来，结果邻居的诡计落空了，从而告诉我们：不要欺骗，否则会付出代价。16题详解】句意：他的邻居同意了。believed相信；laughed嘲笑；prevented阻止；agreed同意；根据“Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.”可知，邻居同意卖给农夫水井了，故选D。【17题详解】句意：第二天，农夫来井里打水，他的邻居过来拒绝让他打水。refused拒绝；avoided避免；complained抱怨；offered提供；根据“Heasked,“Whycan’tItakewater...”可知，邻居拒绝让农夫打水，故选A。【18题详解】句意：农夫很惊讶。stupid愚蠢的；surprised惊讶的；excited激动的；interested感兴趣的；根据“Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.”以及“Whycan’tItakewater”可知，农夫买了水井而邻居却不让他打水，对此农夫很费解，应该是指惊讶的，故选B。【19题详解】句意：我已经从你那儿买了这口井。with和……一起；for为了；from从……；to朝；根据“hewenttohisneighborandaskedhimifhecouldsellhiswell水井）tohim.Hisneighbor...Thefarmerboughtthewellhappily.”可知，农夫从邻居那里买了水井，应用介词from，构成buysthfromsb短语，故选C。【20题详解】句意：农夫去找皇帝讨公道。askfor请求；waitfor等待；lookfor寻找；payfor支付；根据句意及“TheemperorcalledonBirbal...”可知，农夫去皇帝那里请求给出公正的裁定，故选A。【21题详解】句意：皇帝召集了他最聪明的朝臣Birbal。oldest最老的；closest最亲密的；wisest最明智的；busiest最忙的；根据“Thenextday,allwenttotheplacewherethewellwas.ThereBirbalsaidtotheneighbor...takeitoutimmediately””可知，对于此事的处理方式来看，这个朝臣是聪明的，故选C。【22题详解】句意：Birbal问邻居：“你为什么不让农夫从井里取水呢？你确实把井卖给了农夫。”farmer农夫；neighbor邻居；emperor皇帝；courtier朝臣；根据“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”可知，朝臣问的是邻居，故选B。【23题详解】句意：邻居回答说：“我确实把井卖给了农夫，但没有把井里的水卖给他。因此，他无权从井里取水。”replied回复；doubted怀疑；asked问；ordered命令；根据“Whydon’tyouletthefarmertakewaterfromthewell?Youdidsellthewelltothefarmer.”可知，朝臣问了问题，邻居要回答问题，故选A。【24题详解】句意：看哪，你说得完全对，你卖的是井，不是水。carefully仔细地；wisely明智地；especially尤其；completely完全；根据“yousoldthewellnotthewater.”可知，朝臣告诉邻居他说的是完全正确，故选D。【25题详解】句意：既然你卖的是井而不是水，你就没有权利把水留在农夫的井里。since既然；though虽然；unless除非；before在……之前；根据“yousoldthewellnotthewater,youhavenorighttokeepthewaterinthefarmer’swell.”可知，此处表达的是既然……，应用since引导原因状语从句，故选A。【26题详解】句意：现在你有两个选择。decisions决定；choices选择；methods方法；directions方向；根据“Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer...takeitoutimmediately”可知，朝臣给邻居两个选择，故选B。【27题详解】句意：你要么向农民支付高额租金，要么马上把它取出来。and和；but但是；or或者；nor也不是；此处是either…or“要么……要么……”的固定结构，故选C。【28题详解】句意：邻居意识到他计划失败了。succeeded成功；finished完成；failed失败；changed改变；根据“Eitheryoupayahighrent（租金）tothefarmer...takeitoutimmediately”可知，邻居意识到自己的计划失败了，被识破了，故选C。【29题详解】句意：他向农夫道了歉，很快就回家了。no不；hello你好；thanks感谢；sorry抱歉；根据上文的描述可知，邻居做错了事情，应该是向农夫道歉，故选D。【30题详解】句意：行骗不会让你得到任何东西。nothing没有东西；anything任何东西；something一些东西；everything一切；句子是否定句，结合句意，此处应用anything，故选B。第三部分阅读理解（共四节,满分35分）第一节∶阅读短文,根据其内容,选择最佳选项。（每小题2分,满分10分）AAriverisaflowing（流动的）,movingstreamofwater.Usuallyariverfeedswaterintoanocean,lake,pond,orevenanotherriver.Riverscandifferinsizeandthereisnostrictruleonhowbigaflowofwatermustbetobecalledasariver.Herearethefivelongestriversintheworld.TheNileRiverTheNileRiveris4,135mileslong.ItislocatedinthecontinentofAfrica,mostlyinthecountriesofEgyptandSudan.ItflowsnorthintotheMediterraneanSea.TheAmazonRiverTheAmazonRiveris3,980mileslong.ItislocatedinthecontinentofSouthAmericaandflowsthroughseveralcountriesincludingBrazil,Venezuela,Bolivia,andEcuador.ItendsattheAtlanticOcean.TheYangtzeRiverLocatedinChina,theYangtzeRiveris3,917mileslongandflowsintotheEastChinaSea.TheMississippiRiverandtheMissouriRiverTheriversystemoftheMississippiRiverandtheMissouriRiveristhelongestriversysteminNorthAmericaat3,902miles.ItflowssouthintotheGulfofMexico.TheYeniseiRiverTheYeniseiRiverstartsinMongoliaandflowsthroughRussiatotheKaraSeaintheArcticOcean.It’s3,445mileslong.Thereare76riversintheworldover1,000mileslong.Alotofpeoplethinkthatriversalwaysflowsouth,but4ofthe10longestriversintheworldflownorth.TheUnitedStatesalonehasaround3.5millionmilesofrivers.Fourofthetop10longestriversflowthroughChinaatsomepoint.31.TheNileRiveris_________longerthantheYangtzeRiver.A.155miles B.218miles C.233miles D.690miles32.Whichisthesecondlongestriverintheworld?A.TheNileRiver. B.TheMississippiRiver. C.TheYangtzeRiver. D.TheAmazonRiver.33.TheMississippiRiverendsat_________.A.theMediterraneanSea B.theEastChinaSeaC.theGulfofMexico D.theArcticOcean34.Accordingtothepassage,howmanyriversarethereintheworldover1,000mileslong?A.10. B.76. C.4. D.35.35.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Funfactsaboutworldrivers.B.Inwhichdirectionmostriversflow.C.Riversover1,000mileslongintheworld.D.FourlongestriversflowingthroughChina.【答案】31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【】【分析】本文主要介绍了世界上最长的五条河流——尼罗河、亚马逊河、长江、密西西比河和叶尼塞河，以及一些河流的有趣事实。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheNileRiveris4,135mileslong.”和“theYangtzeRiveris3,917mileslong”可知，尼罗河比长江长218英里，故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“Herearethefivelongestriversintheworld.”和“TheAmazonRiver”可知，本文按顺序介绍世界上五条最长的河，所以亚马逊河是世界上第二长河，故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“ItflowssouthintotheGulfofMexico.”可知，密西西比河向南流入墨西哥湾。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thereare76riversintheworldover1,000mileslong.”可知，世界上有76条超过1000英里长的河流。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了世界上最长的五条河流以及一些河流的事实。选项A“关于世界河流的有趣事实”符合主题，故选A。第二节∶阅读短文,根据其内容,选择最佳选项。（每小题2分,满分10分）“Colour”and“color”,“favourite”and“favorite”,“honour”and“honor”…HaveyoueverwonderedwhyAmericansspellthosewordswithouta“u”?Isitbecausetheyarelazy?Ofcoursenot.Infact,thedifferenceinspellingwasstartedbyNoahWebster(1758-1843).Hewasateacherwhoreformed（改革）EnglishtomakeAmericanidentity（特征）stronger.Linguists（语言学家）celebratehisbirthdayonOctober16everyyear.AftertheRevolutionaryWar(1775-1783),WebsterbelievedthatAmericansshouldhavetheirowndictionary,ratherthanrelyonBritishdictionaries.HedroppedtheBritish“u”insomewords.Andhechanged“centre”into“center”forchildrentolearnEnglishbyspellingwordsmorelikewhattheysounded.Heused“subway”insteadofBritishword“underground”.Someotherexamplesare“soccer”and“football”,“fall”and“autumn”.Websterwasn’tshyaboutexpressinghisopinions.Indefining（定义）preposterous(unreasonable),hewrote:“Arepublicangovernmentinthehandsoffemaleispreposterous.”Websterspent28yearsontheprojectbeforecompletingthe70,000-worddictionarywithhisAmerican-stylespellingin1828.Healsoaddedlocalwords.Hisdictionarywaswidelyusedinschools.Linguistsbelievedithelpedanewcountryachieveunity（统一）andculturalindependenceatatimewhenmostpeoplecaredaboutpoliticalfreedom.“HewasthecreatorofourlanguageandthecreatorofAmericanidentity,”saidJoshuaKendall,whoisworkingonabookaboutWebster.“Heatlastbroughtustogetherthroughourlanguage.”36.WhydoAmericansspellsomewordswithouta“u”?A.BecausetheAmericansareverylazy.B.BecausetheAmericanEnglishdevelopedwhenpeopleusedit.C.BecausetheAmericangovernmentreformedthespellingofwords.D.BecausealinguistnamedNoahWebsterstartedthereforminspelling.37.WhichisNOTtrueaboutWebster’sdictionary?A.Ithaslocalwordsinit.B.Itisa70,000-worddictionary.C.Allthewordsarespelledwithout“u”.D.ItswordsareinAmerican-stylespelling.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“relyon”inParagraph3mean?A.依赖 B.信任 C.容忍 D.放弃39.WhatdopeoplethinkofWebster’sdictionary?A.ItistheonlydictionarythatAmericansstillusetoday.B.IthelpedtobringAmericanstogetherbesidesitsculturalinfluence.C.IthasnoinfluenceonthedevelopmentofAmericanEnglish.D.IthelpedtomakeAmericanEnglishmoreusefulthanBritishEnglish.40.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThedevelopmentoftheBritishEnglish.B.AmericanEnglishisbetterthanBritishEnglish.C.NoahWebsteraddedlocalwordstothedictionary.D.NoahWebsterwroteanAmericanEnglishdictionaryandreformedEnglish.【答案】36.D37.C38.A39.B40.D【】【分析】文章介绍了NoahWebster编制字典，研究美式英语，希望美式英语有自己的特点以及他对美国的影响。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据“Infact,thedifferenceinspellingwasstartedbyNoahWebster(1758-1843).Hewasateacherwhoreformed（改革）EnglishtomakeAmericanidentity（特征）stronger.”可知，是因为一位名叫诺亚·韦伯斯特的语言学家开始了拼写改革。故选D。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据“HedroppedtheBritish“u”insomewords.”可知，是有些单词中没有u，而不是所有的单词中都没有u，故选C。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据“WebsterbelievedthatAmericansshouldhavetheirowndictionary,ratherthanrelyonBritishdictionaries.”可知，韦伯斯特认为美国人应该有自己的字典，而不是依赖于英国的字典。所以短语“relyon”指的是“依靠，依赖”，故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据“Linguistsbelievedithelpedanewcountryachieveunity（统一）andculturalindependenceatatimewhenmostpeoplecaredaboutpoliticalfreedom.”可知，语言学家认为，在大多数人关心政治自由的时候，它帮助一个新国家实现了统一和文化独立。故选B。【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Ofcoursenot.Infact,thedifferenceinspellingwasstartedbyNoahWebster(1758-1843).Hewasateacherwhoreformed（改革）EnglishtomakeAmericanidentity（特征）stronger.Linguists（语言学家）celebratehisbirthdayonOctober16everyyear.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍了语言学家诺亚·韦伯斯特写了一本美国英语词典，改革了英语的情况，故选D。第三节∶阅读短文,根据其内容,补全下面表格,每空不超过两个词。（每小题1分,满分5分）Toforgiveisavirtue（美德）,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadness,angerandstressandmorehopefulness,accordingtoarecentresearch.Howshouldyoustarttoforgive?Trythefollowingsteps:Calmyourself.Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnature,orsomeoneyoulove.Don’twaitforanapology（道歉）.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotmeantoapologize.Ifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitinganawfullylongtime.Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.Takethecontrolawayfromyouroffender（冒犯者）.Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausesyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.Trytoseethingsfromyouroffendersangle（角度）.Ifyouunderstandyouroffender,youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofunawarenessfearandevenlove.Youmaywanttowritelettertoyourselffromyouroffender’spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.Itcanrobyouofyourself-confidenceifyoudon’tdoit.Learntoforgive（原谅）CalmyourselfYoucantakesomebreathsand___41___somethingbeautiful.Don’twaitforanapology.Thepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotmeantoapologize.Rememberthatforgivenessdoesnotmeanitis___42___tobecomefriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.StayawayfromyouroffenderLearntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou___43___focusingonyourwoundedfeelings.Tyto___44___youroffenderYoumaywanttowritealettertoyourselffromyouroffender'spointofview.Don’tforgettoforgiveyourself.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthe___45___challenge!【答案】41.thinkof##thinkabout42.necessary43.insteadof44.understand45.biggest【】【分析】文章介绍了宽恕是一种美德，但是宽恕并不容易做到，文中给出了几个步骤，帮助你开始学会宽恕。【41题详解】根据“Youcantakeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure”可知，可以做几次呼吸，想一些能给你带来快乐的事情，此处可以填thinkof/about“想”，and并列前面是情态动词接动词原形，此处的动词也用原形，故填thinkof/about。【42题详解】根据“Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymeanbecomingfriendsagainwiththepersonwhoupsetyou.”可知，宽恕并不一定意味着有必要和让你难过的人重新成为朋友。空格处作表语，应用形容词，故填necessary。【43题详解】根据“Rethinkingaboutyourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhocausesyoupain.Insteadoffocusingonyourwoundedfeelings,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.”可知，与其老是关注自己受到的伤害，还不如学着去寻找你身边的真善美。故填insteadof。【44题详解】根据“Trytoseethingsfromyouroffendersangle（角度）.”可知，试着从冒犯者的角度看问题。也就是说要试着理解冒犯者，故填understand。【45题详解】根据“Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge.”可知，对有些人来说，原谅自己是最大的挑战。故填biggest。ZhuTingisafamousvolleyballplayerinChina.OnApril28,2020,shewasawardedthe“MayFourthMedal”,whichisthetophonorfortheyoungChinese.Inasocialmediapost,ZhushowedhergreetingstoChina’syouthonthisspecialoccasionandsharedherexperienceinlifeandcareer.“Iwokeupinthemorningandleftfortraining.It’sanewdaywithnewtasks.Iwillcontinuetoworkhardto①___________myself,”wroteZhu.“CoachLangPingusedtoencouragemewiththefollowingwords:Asmallprogressadaywillmakeyoubetterandmakeourteamstronger.”ZhuTingwasborninHenanProvincein1994.②___________theleaderoftheChinesewomen’snationalvolleyballteam,whohelpedthenationalteamwintwoWorldCuptitlesandoneOlympicgoldmedal,Zhusaidthatshewasn’talwaysatalent,especiallyatthebeginning.“Irememberthatonmyfirstdayintrainingincollege,Ihadtheleastexperience.Whenwewerepracticingdigging,everyonewasbetterthanme.Duringpractice,myteammateswouldtakeabreakfromtimetotimebecausetheyknewwhattheyweredoing.Ikeptpracticingandonlystoppeduntilmycoachtoldmeto.”Zhubelievedthatthere’snoshortcuttosuccess,andsometimesdulleffortsarenecessary.Sheplannedtochallengemorenewthingsoutsidevolleyballinthefuture.Sheknewthatitcouldtakelongbeforeshegainedsomeprogress,butZhubelievedthataslongasshecontinuestoworkhard,shewillachievemoresuccess.任务一：请根据短文内容，分别写出①、②处所缺单词。（每空限填一词）46.①_______________②_____________任务二：阅读短文，从短文中找出与下面句子意思相近的句子。47.Ididn’tstoppracticinguntilmycoachtoldmeto._______________________________________________________________任务三：请把上文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。48.______________________________________________________任务四：请根据短文内容回答下列问题。49.WhenwasZhuTingawardedthe“MayFourthMedal”?_______________________________________________________________50.WhatdoesZhuTing’sstorymainlytellusinthepassage?_______________________________________________________________【答案】46.①.improve##train##challenge②.As47.Ikeptpracticingandonlystoppeduntilmycoachtoldmeto.48.每天进步一点，将会使你更优秀，使我们的团队更强大。49.OnApril28,2020.50.There’snoshortcuttosuccess,andsometimesdulleffortsarenecessary.Aslongaswecontinuetoworkhard,wewillachievemoresuccess.【】【分析】本文向我们介绍了著名的中国女排运动员朱婷，包括她的她的生活和职业经历。朱婷认为成功没有捷径，有时枯燥的努力是必要的，她相信只要继续努力，就一定会取得更大的成功。【46题详解】分析“Iwokeupinthemorningandleftfortraining.It’sanewdaywithnewtasks.Iwillcontinuetoworkhardto…myself”可知，朱婷早上起来就去训练，每一天都有新的任务，她会继续努力提高/训练/挑战自己，第一空可填improve/train/challenge；分析“…theleaderoftheChinesewomen’snationalvolleyballteam,whohelpedthenationalteamwintwoWorldCuptitlesandoneOlympicgoldmedal”可知，朱婷作为中国女排队长，曾帮助中国女排赢得两届世界杯冠军和一届奥运会金牌，第二空表示作为，可用as表示，用于句首需大写首字母。故填improve/train/challenge；As。【47题详解】题干“Ididn’tstoppracticinguntilmycoachtoldmeto.”表示“我没有停止练习，直到我的教练告诉我。”，与原文中“Ikeptpracticingandonlystoppeduntilmycoachtoldmeto.我一直在练习，直到我的教练告诉我才停止。”语意相近，故填Ikeptpracticingandonlystoppeduntilmycoachtoldmeto.【48题详解】Asmallprogressaday每天进步一点；willmakeyoubetter将会使你更优秀；and连接并列结构；makeourteamstronger使我们的团队更强大。故填“每天进步一点，将会使你更优秀，使我们的团队更强大。”【49题详解】根据“OnApril28,2020,shewasawardedthe‘MayFourthMedal’”可知，2020年4月28日，她被授予“五四奖章”。故填OnApril28,2020.【50题详解】根据最后一段中“Zhubelievedthatthere’snoshortcuttosuccess,andsometimesdulleffortsarenecessary…Zhubelievedthataslongasshecontinuestoworkhard,shewillachievemoresuccess.”可知，朱婷认为成功没有捷径，有时枯燥的努力是必要的，她相信只要我们继续努力，我们会取得更大的成功。故填There’snoshortcuttosuccess,andsometimesdulleffortsarenecessary.Aslongaswecontinuetoworkhard,wewillachievemoresuccess.第四部分语言综合运用（共三节,满分30分）第一节∶选词填空。（每小题1分,满分5分）选择单词或词组，用其适当的形式填空，使句子意思正确、通顺。（每词限用一次，其中两词多余）die;politely;checkout;fair;quarter;yours;clearout51.Mybikeisbroken.MayIuse______________?52.Nearlythree______________oftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.53.Itooklotsofphotosyesterdayjustto_____________thenewcamera.54.WeChinesefeelsadthatDr.WuMengchao______________inMay,2021.55.Whenyouvisitaforeigncountry,itisimportanttoknowhowtoaskforhelp______________.【答案】51.yours52.quarters53.checkout54.died55.politely【】【分析】【51题详解】句意：我的自行车坏了。我可以用你的吗？根据“Mybikeisbroken.MayIuse...”可知，此处是想借用别人的自行车，结合备选词汇，yours“你的（自行车）”符合，故填yours。【52题详解】句意：地球表面近四分之三被水覆盖。根据“oftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater”及常识可知，此处指的是四分之三，threequarters“四分之三”，故填quarters。【53题详解】句意：我昨天拍了很多照片，只是为了检验新相机。根据句意及备选词汇可知，拍很多照片的目的是检验新相机，checkout“检验”，空格前有to，此处动词用原形，故填checkout。【54题详解】句意：我们中国人对吴孟超博士在2021年5月去世感到难过。根据“Dr.WuMengchao”及备选词汇可知，此处是die“去世”，由时间“inMay,2021”可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填died。【55题详解】句意：当你去外国旅游时，知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很重要的。根据“howtoaskforhelp”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“礼貌地”，修饰动词要用副词，故填politely。第二节∶补全句子。（每小题2分,满分10分）根据汉语提示补全英语句子,使句子意思正确、通顺。每空词数不限。56.为什么不亲自和她谈一谈呢?Whynothave