2021高考英语二轮温习优选练“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练11

精编优选练（十一）“语法填空＋短文改错”组合练11(限时：30分钟)［题组一］I•语法填空HarvardisolderthantheUnitedStates.Intheearly1630ssomesettlerssuggestedthatauniversity1.(found)justtoimprovethequalityoftheirdescendantssothattheycould2.(well)buildthenewhome.Thus,itwasestablishedin1636byvoteoftheGreatandGeneralCourtoftheMassachusettsBayColony.Likemanyother3.(university)atthattime,theHarvardattheearlystageoftenranintofinancialcrisis.TheschoolboardoftenhadtogotoEuropetoraise4.(donate),butasyoucanpredict,theyoftencameback5.theirhandsempty.In1638,JohnHarvard,pastorofCharlestown,passedaway.Helefthislibraryandhalfhisestatetotheinstitution,6.werethebiggestdonationeversinceitsestablishment.Therefore,theuniversitywasnamedafterhisname.Today,youcanfindastatueofJohnHarvard7.(stand)infrontoftheUniversityHallinHarvardYard,anditisperhapstheUniversity'sbest8.(know)landmark.Likeotherworldfamousuniversities,HarvardalsohasmanycollegesandHarvardBusinessSchoolisoneofthem.Thereis9.sayingineducationthatHarvardisthecrownofAmericaneducation10.HarvardBusinessSchoolistheshiningdiamondonit.［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学历史悠长，是那时的殖民者为了提高他们后代的文化素质而成立的。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期碰到的困难、名称的来历及其地位。1•解析：考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语auniversity和动词found之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示"建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，胃语动词用(should＋)动词原形。答案：befounded2．解析：考查副词的比较级。十七世纪三十年代初期，一些殖民者建议成立一所大学以提高他们后代的素质，这样他们就可以更好地建造新的家园。按照语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。答案：better3．解析：考查名词的复数形式。和那时的其他许多大学一样，初期的哈佛大学常常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学"，故该处用复数形式。答案：universities4．解析：考查名词。学校董事会常常不能不去欧洲筹集捐钱，但正如你所能预测的，他们常常空手而归。按照该句中的及物动词raise可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。答案：donation(s)•解析：考查介词。with表示“具有，带有"，符合语境。答案：with•解析:考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，亥句为非限制性定语从句/句中hislibraryandhalfhisestate为先行词，故用which引导该定语从句。答案：which•解析:考查此刻分词。今天，尔可以在哈佛校园的大学会堂前找到一尊站立着的JohnHarvard的雕像这或许是这所大学最著名的地标。astatueofJohnHarvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用此刻分词作宾语补足语。答案：standing•解析：考查形容词。按照空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示"知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。答案：known•解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指"一句格言"，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。答案：a•解析：考查连词。在教育界有一句名言：哈佛是美国教育的王冠，哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。空前的“HarvardisthecrownofAmericaneducation”和空后的“HarvardBusinessSchoolistheshiningdiamondonit”为并列关系，故用连词hnd。答案：and口•短文改错DearMom,I'mnowintheUnitedStates,acountrysodifferentlyfromChina.Everythingisfreshbutinteresting!Ihavemadesomefriendsthereandtheyareverykind.Still,youknowhowmuchImissyouandyourcooking.Themerethoughtofthedishesyoupreparemakesmymouthtowater.Myfriendshadsomestrangewaysofdescribingtheirhungry.Forinstanee，“Icaneatahorse!”It'salittleconfused,hmm?I'malsosendingyouafewrecordofourdailyconversations,fromthatyoucanhearrealAmericanEnglish.ItmaybeusefultoyouasEnglishteacher.DearMom,I'mnowintheUnitedStates,acountrysodifferentlyfromChina.Everythingis-different-freshbutinteresting!Ihavemadesomefriendsthereandtheyareverykind,andhereStill,youknowhowmuchImissyouandyourcooking.Themerethoughtofthedishesyoupreparemakesmymouth、water.Myfriendshadsomestrangehavewaysofdescribingtheirhungry.Forinstanee，“Icaneatahorse!”It'salittlehungerconfused,hmm?I'malsosendingyouafewrecordofourdailyconversations,confusingrecordsfromthatyoucanhearrealAmericanEnglish.Itmaybeusefultoyouas人whichanEnglishteacher.［题组二］I•语法填空Chinahasalwaysbeenfamousforbeinga“StateofEtiquette(礼仪)”.Accordingtohistoricaldocuments,asearlyas2,600yearsago,thisnationhasalreadyestablishedathoroughset1.diningetiquette.Afamous19thcenturyRussianwriter,AntonChekhov,onceinvitedaChineseman2.(have)adrinkinabar.Chekhovsaid，“Beforedrinkingfromhiscup,heheld3.withhishandsandpresentedtomeandthebarownerandbartenders,4.(say)‘qing(please)'.ThisisthecustomofChina.Theyarenotlikeustofinishitinonedrink,5.prefertodrinkbytakingasmallamountatatime.Witheverysip(一小口),he6.(eat)somefood.AfterwardshehandedmesomeChinese7.(coin)toshowgratitude.Thisisaratherinterestinglypolitenationality...”ThiswasthemostvaluableopinionofaChineseperson8.wasgivenbyaforeignertwocenturiesago.Chinesetraditionaldinnerproceduresusedtobelonganddealt9.(serious)with;the10.(important)theoccasion,themorecomplextheprocedureswere.［语篇解读］本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一名俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人在酒吧饮酒的通过，描述了中国人的就餐礼仪。1．解析：考查固定搭配。按照历史文献记载，早在2600年前，这个国家就已经成立了一套完整的就餐礼仪。asetof为固定搭配，意为“一套，一系列”。答案：of2•解析：考查动词不定式。19世纪时一名名叫AntonChekhov的俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人去酒吧饮酒。个中国人去酒吧饮酒。invitesb.todosth是固定搭配，意为"邀请某人做某事"，故用动词不定式tohave。答案：tohave3.解析：考查代词。按照该句中的“Beforedrinkingfromhiscup，eheld3withhishands”可知，空处指代该句中的“cup”，故用t。在饮酒之前，他手举着杯子，向“我”和酒吧老板及酒吧服务员说“请”。答案：it4•解析：考查此刻分词。该句主语为he,和动词say之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；空处和谓语动词held和presented之间为伴随关系，故用此刻分词作伴随状语。答案：saying5.解析：考查连词。空前表示他们不像咱们那样一口喝下，空后表示他们更喜欢一次喝一小口；按照上下文可知，空处前后为转折关系，故用转折连词but。答案：but•解析：考查动词的时态。按照该段第一句中的“Afamous19thcenturyRussianwriter,AntonChekhov,onceinvitedaChineseman”可知，该处叙述的是.9世纪发生的事情，故用一般过去时。答案：ate•解析：考查名词的复数形式。coin为可数名词，按照该句中的“some”可知，空处用其复数形式。此处表示尔后，他递给“我”一些中国硬币以表示感激。答案：coins•解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中的opinionofaChineseperson为先行词，该先行词被最高级themostvaluable修饰，且在从句中作主语，故用that引导该定语从句。答案：that9•解析：考查副词。按照空处前的动词dealt可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。答案：seriously10．解析：考查形容词的比较级。此处表示场合越重要，则礼仪就越复杂。该句利用了“the+比较级•••,the+比较级•••”，表示"越……，越……”。答案：moreimportant口•短文改错Anopeningweekheldinourschoollastweeksothatwecouldshowagreatachievementswemadeinarteducation.TheartworksexhibitionwentonfromMondaytoFriday，exhibittheexcellentartworks,suchaspapercuts,paintingsandflowerarrangements.Bothoftheartworkswerecreatedbythestudentsofourschool.ThatattractedthepublicmostwasthesinginganddancingperformancesinFridayafternoon.Alltheseactivitiesdrawthecloseattentionofthepublicandparentsaswell,receivinghighpraisesfromthepublic.Throughtheseactivity,thepublichasabetterunderstandingofourschool.Asaresultof,weallthinkthattheopeningweekwasofgreatsuccessful.Anop