人教版高中英语选修六U4同步综合训练及答案

2016秋英语人教版必修6U4同步综合训练及答案UnitFourGlobalwarming―、语法填空Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Researchhasbecomebothsimplerandmorecomplex.It'ssimplerbecause,1youhaveacomputer,youcanfindinformationyouneedbysearchingtheInternet.Forallyourinformation,youdon'thavetogoto2librarytofindtherelevantresourceandtakenotesonit.Instead,youcanfindsomesourcesfromtheInternet3printthecopiesneeded.Remember,however,thatyoushouldusuallyconsultdifferenttypesofsources.Thatis,you4alwaysrelyjustontheInternetforyourresearch.Whilefindinginformationiseasierthanever,atthesametime,researchinghasbecome5complex.Thereisalotmorematerialavailable,whichmeansyoumaybeoverwhelmed6theamountofinformation.Youneedtolearn7tosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject.Also,8needtochecktheaccuracyofit.二、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Itisinevitable（不可避免的）forustomeetfailureandsuccessineverydaylife.Mostofusareeagerforsuccessandscaredoffailure.However，nooneisalwayssuccessful1.alsonooneisalwaysafailure.Then2.todealwithfailureandsuccessinourlife?Ontheonehand，“Failureisthemotherofsuccess."Ifwesum3.experiencesandlessonsafterfailure，maybesuccesswillcome.Nevertheless，ifweloseheartandgiveupformerefforts，wewillnotsucceed.4.aword,thekeytosuccessisourhardstruggle.Ontheotherhand，successmaycausefailure，too.Generallyspeaking，successoftenaddsconfidenceandsatisfaction，5.failureisaccompaniedbymiseryandsadness.Butsupposing6.becomeselfsatisfiedoncewesucceedandstopstruggling.Thenit'ssurethatfailurewillcome.Weshouldtake7.rightattitudetowardsfailureandsuccess.Tosumup,thereisnotanabsolutelimitbetweensuccessandfailure.8.isimportantisourstruggleandattitude.三、阅读理解A【2016江苏高考专题】C请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ElNifio,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild",wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNifioseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNifio,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNifioin1997-98helpedAmerican'seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests,farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought干旱)insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNinomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNino,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNinoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure（基础设施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers（下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNino'sharmfuleffects—ndthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNinoinParagraph1?ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.WhatmayElNinosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.Richcountries'gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthatmoreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductiongovernmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidvictimsofElNinodeservemorecompensationrecoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirstWhatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?TointroduceElNinoanditsorigin.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNino.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNino.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNino.阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。GlobalPositioningSystemsarenowapartofeverydaydrivinginmanycountries.Thesesatellitebasedsystemsprovideturnbyturndirectionstohelppeoplegettowheretheywanttogo.Buttheycanalsocausealotofproblems,sendingyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.Manytimes,thedriveristoblame.SometimesaGPSerrorisresponsible.Mostoften,saysBarryBrown,itisacombinationofthetwo.BarryBrowniswiththeMobileLifeCentreinStockholm,Sweden.Thecenterstudieshumancomputerinteraction,orHCI,especiallycommunicationsinvolvingwirelessdevices.WespoketoMrBrownbySkype.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPSequippedcartouseduringhisstay.BarryBrown:“Andtheyjustpluggedinanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination."And,thenitwasn'tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyhadputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheylived.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.Soagain,theGPSiskind_of“garbageingarbageout”.MrBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror.But,hesays,whatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomings,orfailures,ofGPSequipment.BarryBrown:“OneproblemwithmanyGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturn,sometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyoutheoverviewthatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit'sgoingtothewrongplace."BarryBrownformerlyservedasaprofessorwiththeUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Whilethere,heworkedonaprojectwithEricLaurierfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh.ThetwomenstudiedtheeffectsofGPSdevicesondrivingbyplacingcamerasinpeople'scars.Theywroteapaperbasedontheirresearch.Itiscalled“TheNormal,NaturalTroublesofDrivingwithGPS."BarryBrown:“Oneofthethingsthatstruckus,perhapsthemostimportantthingwasthatyouhavetoknowwhatyou'redoingwhenyouuseaGPS.Therearethesenewskillsthatpeoplehavedeveloped.TherearethesenewcompetenciesthatyouneedtohavetobeabletouseaGPSbecausetheysometimesgowrong."BarryBrownsaysthisgoesagainstacommonbeliefthatGPSsystemsareforpassivedriverswholacknavigational（导航）skills.“TheNormal,NaturalTroublesofDrivingwithGPS"listsseveralareaswhereGPSsystemscancauseconfusionfordrivers.Theseincludemapsthatareoutdated,incorrectordifficulttounderstand.TheyalsoincludetimingissuesrelatedtowhenGPScommandsaregiven.BarryBrownsaystomakeGPSsystemsbetterweneedabetterunderstandingofhowdrivers,passengersandGPSsystemsworktogether..Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.IsGPSsystemreliabletouse?B.WhatistheuseofGPS?C.HowtomakethemostofGPS?D.Blame!GPSorPassengers?.Whatistheimplicationoftheunderlinedpart?A.GPSisjustagarbagedevice.B.GPSwillnotcorrecthumanerrors.C.GPSadjustsyourwrongdestination.D.GPSisjustassmartashumanbeings..WhichisNOTmentionedasaGPSshortcominginthepassage?A.Smallscreen.B.Timingofcommands.C.Outdatedmaps.D.DearcamerasGPSuses..Accordingtothepassage,peoplecommonlybelievethat.A.youhavetoknowwheretogowhenusingGPSB.youneedtohavenewcompetenciestouseGPSwellC.GPSisproperfordriverswithlittlesenseofdirectionD.GPSisfitforpeoplehavinggoodunderstandingofmapsC阅读下列短文，从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops（笔记本电脑）.Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility（清晰度）Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly"bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid.Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.Theresearchers'reportsaid,“Whilemorenotesarebeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears."Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture.Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z.Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-takingbecausetheycan.A.writemorenotesB.digestconceptsbetterC.gethigherscoresD.understandlecturesbetter.Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe.A.skillfulB.mindlessC.thoughtfulD.tireless.Theauthorofthepassageaimsto.A.examinetheimportanceoflong-termmemoryB.stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhandC.explaintheprocessoftakingnotesD.promotetheuseoflaptops.Thepassageislikelytoappearin.A.anewspaperadvertisementB.acomputertextbookC.asciencemagazineD.afinancereport四、七选五（2016高考一任务型阅读一选练）下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句（第1~5题）。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出适合各段落的首句。选项中有一项是多余选项。A.Keeparecord.B.Reflectonlife'sbriefness.C.Reflectonyourpastmistakes.D.Reflectonhowamazingyouare.E.Stoptryingtowinothers'approval.F.Thinkwhetheritwillreallybotheryoulater.FiveWaystoInstantlyRidYourselfofNeedlessWorryAwhileback,IhadagreatdayandeverythingwasgoingexactlyasIwanted.Iwasmeetingtonsofnewpeopleandeverythingwasamazing.IfeltlikeI'veaccomplishedalot.Thensuddenly,likeanunexpectedswiftjab,someonemadeasmallremarkaboutme.Ifelthurtandtheworrybeganflowingin.Overtheyears,I'vedevelopedbeliefsystemsthathelpmegetridoftheseworries.Iwanttosharethesewithyou..Itjustisn'tpossibletogeteveryonetolikeyou.Trustme,I'vetried.Thisonlyleadstodisappointmentonadailybasis,sinceyoucan'tpossiblyliveuptotheentireworld'sexpectations.Here'sanewgoalforyouinsteadifyoureallywanttogetridofworryandunhappinessfromyourlife.Focusonwhatyouthinkofyourself.Whocareswhatthatstrangerthinks?Ifyou'rehappywithwhoyouareandyouknowwhatweaknessesyoushouldfixthenforgetabouttheworld.Lifeisbiggerthantryingtolookawesome;lifeisaboutactuallybeingawesome..ThefirstthingIaskmyselfis,willthisnegativethoughtaffectmeinthefutureatall?Isitgoingtodecreasemyqualityoflifesomehow?Moreoftenthannot,it'sjustsomethingI'llsoonforgetaboutanyway.SoIputmyselfintothefuturebyacoupleofdaysandimaginemyself.Inthisvision,IrealizethatIwon'tbebotheredbysomethingsosmallandImostlikelywouldn'tevenrememberit.Alotoftimes,justtheideaofitfleetingawayverysoonisenoughformetoblockoutthesedisturbances..WhenIfeellikeI'minadequatebasedontheneedforapprovalfromothers,Ibegintodosomeself-reflectonmyachievements.IthinkabouthowmuchI'veimprovedinthepastyear.I'vemetamazingpeople,developedactivelisteningskills,andstartedsomethingI'vebeenthinkingaboutforthepasttwoyears.Lookingfurtherback,Itransformedfromasociallyawkwardkidtoasociallylivelyandconfidentperson.AllthankstomentalskillsthatIconsciouslyyield.Iwasblessedwithtruefortunesthatothersdonothave;Iwasblessedwiththegiftofself-improvement..Writeanywhereyoucan,whetherit'sinablog,inyourjournal,oronapost-itnotethatyoucanthrowdramaticallyintotheocean.Getthoseworriesoutontopaper.Lookatit,assessitsimportance,thentearit,burnit,orthrowitintotheoceanlikeIjustsaid.Youcanthenlookbackatthatpaperyoujustdestroyedandlaughathowridiculousyouwerebeing.Whocaresifthatladylookedatyoustrangely?Whocaresthatsomeonemayhavenoticedstainsonyournewwhitesneakers?Writeallofthat,thendestroyit..Finally,justreflectonhowshortlifeis;focusonhowlifeisconstantlyfleeting.Doyoureallywanttospendwhatlittletimeyouhaveonthisbeautifulearthworryingaboutsomethingyouwon'tevenrememberbynextweek?Don'tbesilly,getoutthereandenjoylife.You'vegotitprettygood,I'dbet.Don'twasteitonneedlessworry.五、短文改错Whenpeoplethinkaboutpreciousthings,theyusuallythinkaboutmoneyorjewelry.Iamnotveryrich,andIhave1.somethingverypreciouslyinmyroom.It'snotaCDplayeror2.acellphone.It'stheviewfrommywindow.I'mluckylive3.TOC\o"1-5"\h\znearapark.Mywindowfaceswiththetopsofthetreesin4.thepark.BelowthetreeIcanseechildrenontheplayground,5.youngcoupleswalkedquietly,motherswithchildren,and6.oldpeoplesittingonthebeach.Thewholeworldisbefore7.theireyes.Myclassmatesliketogoonlineorlistentomusic,8.butwhenIhaveafreetime,Ijustsitonthechairand9.10.enjoyedthemostpreciousthinginmyroom:theview.10.【参考答案】―、语法填空【语篇导读】随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往—样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便；另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。if［考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。］.the［考查冠词。gotothelibrary去图书馆；inthelibrary在图书馆。］.and［考查连词。and连接并列谓语find和print。］.shouldn't［考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。］.more［考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句morecomplex。］.with［考查介词。beoverwhelmedwith面临，陷入。］.how［考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。］howtodo是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。］.you［考查代词。参见上文Youneedtolearnhowtosortthrough...］二、完形填空and考查并列连词。此空连接两个句子，且表示并列关系，故填and。how考查疑问副词。那么，怎样对待生活中的失败与成功呢？up考查副词。sumup总结。In考查介词。inaword总体来说。while考查并列连词。此空连接两个句子，表示两种情况的对比，故填while“而。we考查代词。该空在宾语从句中作主语，根据once引导的状语从句中的主语we可判断填we。a考查冠词。takearightattitudetowardsfailureandsuccess对失败与成功持一种端正的态度。What考查名词性从句的引导词。该空引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，故填what，首字母要大写。三、阅读理解A、1—4、DCADB文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。GPS全球定位系统可以帮助人们找到想去的地方，但GPS也会带来许多问题，所以使用GPS全球定位系统是否可靠变得不确定。1、答案：A标题概括题。文章第一段是全文的主旨段。根据第一段可知，GPS全球定位系统可以帮助人们找到想去的地方，但GPS也会导致许多问题，所以使用GPS全球定位系统是否可靠变得不确定。所以A项最适合做文章的标题，故答案选A。2、答案：B句意理解题。根据画线句子后面一句“MrBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror”并结合上下文可知，画线句子所包含的意思是：GPS不能纠正人类的错误。故答案选B。3、答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句可知，A项是GPS的缺点