福建省厦门市2019年中考英语总复习题型四阅读理解真题剖析

题型四阅读理解福建真题分析种类一选择型阅读理解第一节阅读下边A、B、C、D四篇短文，依据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确答案。AMyinterestincookingstartedwhenIwas11,partlythankstomymother.Shedidn'treallylikecookingandwhenshedidcook,Ididn'tlikeherfood.OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食谱)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑战).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.Later,mymomandIsetupadinnerclubthatorganizedmonthlyeventsinsidemyhome.Nowasateenchef(主厨),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney,butbecauseIlovecooking.NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.46．Thewriterisnow．A．aTVstarB．anewsreporterC．awell-knownbooksellerD．agoodchef47．Whatmadethewriterbegintocook?A．Hisparents'wish.B．Thecustomers'advice.C．Hismother'sdeliciousfood.D．TheinformationaboutcookingonTV.48．Afterproducingmostoftherecipesinthecookbook,thewriterwantedto．A．takecookinglessonsB．writehiscookbookC．makenewdishesofhisownD．openarestaurant149．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refersto(指代)“”．A．thebookstoreB．atestkitchenC．adinnerclubD．thecountry50．Whatisimportantforthewriter?A．Findingagoodjob.B．Makinglotsofmoney.C．Doingwhatheloves.D．Becomingfamous.【答案及分析】46．D细节理解题。依据第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主厨),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.”可知，此刻作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级餐馆里做过饭，可是作者不是为了钱而做，而是因为喜爱烹调。所以作者此刻应是一名好厨师，应选D。47．D细节理解题。依据第一段中的“OnceIwaswatchingsomethingaboutcookingonTVandIthoughtIcoulddothis,soIwenttothebookstoreandlookedforthebiggestcookbookIcouldfind.”可知，有一次，作者正在看电视上的烹调，作者以为他也能做到这一点，所以他去书店找寻他能找到的最大的烹调书。所以作者应是经过看电视才开始烹调的，应选D。48．C细节理解题。依据第二段中的“Duringayear,Ihadproducedmostofitsrecipes(食谱)andwasreadyforabiggerchallenge(挑战).IwantedtocreatemyowndishesandIstartedcookingformorepeoplethanjustmyfamily.”可知，在一年的时间里，作者制作了大多半的食谱，并准备迎接更大的挑战，他想自己做菜，也开始为更多的人做饭，而不只是是他的家人。所以作者在试过烹调书中大多半的食谱以后，想要自己制作新的菜肴。应选C。49．B词义猜想题。依据前一句“Tomyjoy,myparentsallowedmetobuildatestkitchen.Ididmuchcookingtotestmydishesinitandmyskillimprovedquickly.”可知，令作者快乐的是，他的父亲母亲同意他建筑一个测试厨房，他做了好多菜来测试，所以他的技术很快就提升了。由此可推断，it指的是一个试验厨房，应选B。50．C推理判断题。依据第二段中的“Nowasateenchef(主厨),Ihavealsocookedintop-classrestaurantsaroundthecountry.Iamnotdoingitforthemoney，butbecauseIlovecooking.”可知，此刻作为一名青少年厨师，作者也在全国顶级餐馆里做过饭，可是作者不是为了钱而做，而是因为喜爱烹调。再依据最后一段中的“NowIknowthatwhenyoustopcaringwhetheryou'llbefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou.”可知，此刻作者知道当他不再关怀他能否会有名或做得2好时，他的梦想就会降临到他身上。所以，做他喜爱做的事情很重要。应选C。3BJackieiswritingasummary(总结)andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.51．Thetextiswrittento．A．giveareportB．haveSchoolDayC．collectopinionsfromvisitorsD．holdameetingwithteachers52．WhatweresoldinTina'sgroup?A．Schoolpostcards.B．Chinesepaintings.C．Recyclingbags.D．Homemadesnacks.53．Howdidthevisitorsfeelabouttheactivities?A．Disappointed.B．Satisfied.C．Worried.D．Surprised.54．Howmanystudentsliketherecyclingbagsaccordingtothefeedback?A．50.B．25.C．15.D．10.55．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheactivities?A．NickwastheleaderofGroup1.B．Twenty-fourstudentsofferedtheirfeedback.4C．Thepostcardswerecheap.D．Studenthelperswhodidwellcangetprizes.5【答案及分析】51．A细节理解题。依据“Jackieiswritingasummary(总结)andfeedbackaboutSchoolDaytohisteacher.”可知，Jackie正在写对于学校生活的总结和反应。所以本文章是一篇报告，应选A。52．B细节理解题。依据第二组里的“Chinesepaintings(Leader:Tina)”可知Tina小组卖中国画，应选B。53．B细节理解题。依据“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.Moststudentsthoughttheactivitiesweregood.However,somestudentsthoughtthepricesoftheschoolpostcardswerealittletoohigh.”可知，已经采集了100名学生的建议，而大多半学生以为这些活动很好，所以他们是满意的，应选B。54．A细节理解题。依据“Opinionsfrom100studentshavebeencollected.”可知采集了100名学生的建议，再联合柱状图可看出recyclingbags占50%，所以50名学生喜爱采集袋子，应选A。55．D细节理解题。依据“Haveameetingwiththeheadmasteraboutprizesforexcellentstudenthelpers.”可知与校长就优异学生助手的奖金问题举行会议，所以做得好的学生助手能够获得奖品，故选D。6CBirthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine?Astudyfoundthatfirst-bornshaveanaverage(均匀的)IQthatisthreepointshigherthanpeoplewhofallintoadifferentplaceinthebirthorder,perhapsbecausefirst-bornsoftenhelpyoungerbrothersandsisters,whichimprovestheirownskills.In2007,aninternationalorganizationofCEOsfoundthat43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns,33%aremiddlechildren,and23%arelast-borns.First-bornsaremorelikely(可能的)tobedoctorsandastronautsandgethigherpay.Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.Accordingtoa2007Timemagazinearticle,“ThePowerofBirthOrder，”last-bornsaremorelikelytobeartistsandsuccessfulbusinessmen.Thentherearethemiddlechildren;wehavenotignored(忽略)them!Manymiddlechildrenareshortofone-on-onetimewiththeirparents.Theyoftenfeelshort-changed:theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestis“spoiled(宠坏)．”Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.Manyfactors(要素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.56．WhoismostlikelytobeaCEO?A．Afirst-born.B．Asecond-born.C．Athird-born.D．Alast-born.57．WhatcanwelearnaboutJimCarrey?A．Hewaslikelytobegivenlowpay.B．Hewaslikelytobeagreeable.C．Hewasafirst-born.D．Hewasamiddlechild.58．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“short-changed”inParagraph4probablymeaninChinese?A．受亏待的B．受控制的C．受喜爱的D．受欢迎的59．Wecanlearnfromtheresearchthatbirthorder．7A．hasnoinfluenceonIQB．mattersalotatthedinnertableC．maydecidewhoweareD．isafactorinmakinguspowerful60．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhereIsYourPlaceintheFamily?B．WhoImprovesYourSocialSkills?C．WhatMakesYouSuccessfulinLife?D．HowCanYouGrowintoaBigMan?8【答案及分析】56．A细节理解题。依据第二段中的43%ofCEOsarefirst-borns可知43%的CEO是家庭中间第一个出生的孩子，故答案选A。57．B细节理解题。依据第三段中的“Iffirst-bornsaremoresuccessful,last-bornsaregenerallymoreagreeable.Theyarealsomorelikelytobefunny,possiblytogetattentionfromallthebiggerpeopleatthedinnertable.MarkTwainandStephenColbertwereboththeyoungestinlargefamilies,andJimCarreywastheyoungestoffour.”可知，假如第一批出生的人更成功，那么最后的孩子往常更简单相处，他们也更可能风趣，可能会惹起餐桌上全部年长的人的注意。MarkTwain和StephenColbert都是大家庭中最年青的，而JimCarrey也是四个中间最小的，所以JimCarrey可能是最简单相处的，故答案选B。58．A词义猜想题。依据后边的“theoldestgetsmorerights,andtheyoungestisspoiled(宠坏的).Thoughtheymaybeignored,middlechildrenaremorelikelytogrowintoeasygoingadults.”可知，最大的人获得更多的权益，最年青的人被宠坏了，固然他们可能被忽略，但中间的孩子更简单成长为平和的成年人。所以short-changed应当是被忽略，即被亏待的，故答案选A。59．C细节理解题。依据最后一段中的Manyfactors(要素)makeuswhoweare,butiftheresearchiscorrect,birthordermaybeoneofthemostimportantfactors.“可知，很多要素决定我们成为何样的人，但假如研究正确，出生次序可能是最重要的要素之一。所以出生次序可能决定我们将成为何样的人，故答案选C。60．A标题概括题。依据文中的第一段“Birthorder—doesitmatter?Areyoudifferentbecauseyouarethefirst,second,orthirdchildinyourfamily—ormaybethelastofnine？”可知，出生次序相关系吗？你能否是由于你是家里的第一个、第二个或第三个孩子而不一样呢？或许仍是九个孩子中的最后一个？再依据后边文章描绘，可知本文主要叙述在家庭中的地点，故答案选A。9D(2018·福建中考A卷)ManyChinesepeoplewillwonderwhatpresentstogetfortheirmomsonMother'sDay,butnotmanyknowMother'sDayisactuallyafestivalfromoverseas.Mother'sDayoriginated(发源)inAmericaduringtheearly20thcentury.ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact,Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(孝敬的)devotiontoparents.TherearemanystorieswhichshowfilialrespectinancientChina.Forexample,thestoryof“TasteLiquid(液体的)MedicineforMother”tellsusthefilialvirtue(美德)ofEmperorWenstayedupbyherbedsideandcaredforherdayandnight.Hetastedtheliquidmedicinefirstbeforeshedrankit.Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems,like“SongofthePartingSon”byMengJiao,apoetoftheTangbroughtupwiththeeducationoffilialdevotion.Onspecialdays,peopleoftenuserosesorforget-me-notstoexpresslove.Carnationsareconsideredastheperfectflowersformothersaroundtheworld,butfewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.Loveformotherscanhavedifferentwaysofexpression.Whatmattersmostislove,notthefestivalitself.Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.61．WhendidMother'sDayspreadtoChina?A．Inthe1920s.B．Inthe1980s.C．IntheWesternHandynasty.D．IntheTangdynasty.62．Whatisthepoemof“SongofthePartingSon”mainlyabout?A．ThefilialvirtueofEmperorWen.B．Caringfortheold.C．TraditionalChinesemedicine.D．Amother'sloveforherson.63．Mother'sDayispopularinChinamainlybecauseof．A．itswidespreadinmanycountriesB．ourancientstoriesofrespectingparents10C．ourtraditionalculturalvaluesD．itssimplewayofexpressinglove64．WhatisregardedastheChineseownflowerforamother?65．WhatamothertrulywantsonMother'sDaymaybe．A．abigdinnerB．acelebrationpartyC．greetingsofthefestivalD．expensivepresents【答案及分析】61．B细节理解题。依据第二段中的“ThefestivalspreadtoChinaasearlyasthe1980sandwaswidelyaccepted.”可知被传到中国并宽泛被人们所接受大概在20世纪80年月，故答案为B。62．D细节理解题。依据第三段中的“Also,motherloveisarepeatedsubjectinChineseancientpoems，likeSongofthePartingSon'byMengJiao，apoetoftheTangDynasty”可知，《游子吟》讲的是母亲对儿子的爱，故答案为D。63．C推理判断题。依据第三段中的“WhydidaforeignfestivalbecomepopularinChina?Infact，Chinesetraditionalculturehasalwaysencouragedfilial(儿女的)devotiontoparents”可推断，母亲节在中国受欢迎是由于它正好和我们传统文化中的孝道一致，故答案为C。64．D细节理解题。依据倒数第二段中的“...fewknowthatChinahasitsownflowerformothers—thetigerlily.”可知答案为D。65．C细节理解题。依据最后一段中的“Whatmotherstrulywantisperhapsjustasimpleexpressionoflovefromtheirchildren.”可知答案为C。11(2018·福建中考B卷)Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(体现)itsbeautyintheirpoems.Forexample,poetsmaydescribenaturalscenessuchasaspringdayorasnowyday.Besides,poetsoftenexpresstheirfeelingsaboutnaturebycreatinglivelyimages(形象)inpoems.Withimages,poetscandescribethedetails(细节)ofsomethingcolorfullyandclearly.Readers,ontheotherhand,canconnecttheirownexperienceswiththeimagesinthepoemssothattheycansharethepoets'ideas.Nowlet'sreadthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind？”Whenwereadthelines“Whentheleaveshangtrembling”and“Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，”theyremindusofawindyday.Thepoetsuccessfullycreatesanimageofthewindbydescribingdetailsofthescene.Thesehelpreadersthinkofthemomentwhenthewindpassesby.Wemightevenbowourownheads,imaginingthatwearethetrees.Inthepoem“Night，”Blakedescribesmanydetailsofanightscene.Peopleknowverywellwhattheycanseeatnight,likestarsorthemoon.However,Blakeseesmorethanjustthemoonitself;heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky.Sothemoonisreallycomparedtoaflowerandpersonified(拟人化)asasmilingperson.61．What'sthepurposeofwritingParagraph1?A．Tohaveanargument.B．Tohaveadiscussion.C．Togiveanintroduction.D．Togiveasuggestion.1262．Whichpicturebestdescribestheunderlinedpartinthepoem“WhoHasSeentheWind”？63．sitsandsmilesonthenightinthepoem“Night”．A．ThesunB．ThestarC．ThebirdD．Themoon64．Whatdothetwopoemshaveincommon?Seeingnaturalscenesashumans.Usingimagination.Praisingthesamenaturalscene.Describingdetailsofthescenes.Creatingimagesbyhearingandtouching.A．①③⑤B．②③④C．①②④D．①②⑤65．Howdoesthewriterpresentthetexttous?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byusingpersonifications.D．Byaskingquestions.13【答案及分析】61．C写作企图题。依据第一段中的“Naturalscenesoftenbecomethethemesofpoetry.Poetswatchnaturecloselyandpresent(体现)itsbeautyintheirpoems.”可知，自然光景常常成为诗歌的主题，诗人亲密凝视自然，在诗歌中体现它的美。所以第一段主假如做一个介绍，应选C。62．B细节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling’and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，’theyremindusofawindyday”可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶漂浮”和“当树垂下它们的头”时，它们提示我们是起风的一天，应选B。63．D细节理解题。依据倒数第二句中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们浅笑，所以在诗“夜”中月亮在夜晚坐着浅笑。选D。64．C细节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whenwereadthelines‘Whentheleaveshangtrembling'and‘Whenthetreesbowdowntheirheads，'theyremindusofawindyday”可知，当我们阅读诗句“当树叶漂浮”和“当树垂下它们的头”时，它们提示我们起风的一天；再依据最后一段中的“heseesthemoonasaflower,smilingatusfromupinthesky”可知，他把月亮看作一朵花，从天上向我们浅笑。①以人的身份看到自然风景；②使用了想象；③夸赞成一自然场景；④描绘风景的细节；⑤经过听觉和触觉创建想象。③⑤不是两首诗的共同点，所以①②④正确，选C。65．A细节理解题。A项为举例说明；B项经过比较；C项经过使用拟人D项经过发问。作者列举了“WhoHasSeentheWind”(《谁曾见过风？》)和“Night”(《夜》)两首诗分享自然美景和作者的思想，应当是经过举例说明，选A。种类二复原型阅读理解第二节阅读下边短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最正确选项，使短文通畅、连接，意思完好。E(2018·福建中考A卷)Weshouldnotusemorewaterthanweactuallyneed.Ifwedo,wewillnothaveenoughwaterinthefuture.66Itisnotadifficultquestiontoanswer.Ifweremovemorefreshwaterthannaturereplaces,wehavetakentoomuch.Manycitiesruncampaigns(运动)togetpeopletostopwastingwater.Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.67What'smore,theycarryoutprogramsthatoffermoneytoreducewateruse.Forexample,theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater.68Anotherthreat(威迫)toourwatersupplyispollution.Whenoursourcesoffreshwatergetpolluted,wecannolongerusethiswater.Thisalsoendangers(危及)theanimalsthatdependonthewater.69Wecansavelotsofwaterbynotlettingtaps(水龙头)runwhilewebrush14ourteethorbyturningofftapsrightafterwashinghands.Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.70Inthisway,wecanmakefulluseofwater.A．However,justhowmuchistoomuch?B．Thereareseveralthingswecandotosavewater.C．Finally,theymakelawstocontroltheuseofwater.D．Wedon'thavetoletthecoldwaterrununtilitgetswarm.E．Theyalsoincreasewaterbillsforpeoplewhousetoomuch.【答案及分析】66．A推理判断题。联系上下文可知，此处应是讨论水资源的多少，所以A项切合题意。67．E推理判断题。依据上一句“Theyshowthemwaystheycancutbackonwateruse.”可知，此处讨论的应是防备浪费水的方法，所以E项切合题意。68．C推理判断题。依据上一句中的“theygivepeopleshowerheadsandtoiletsthatuselesswater”可知，此处讨论的是节俭水的详细方法，且依据上文中的“What'smore”可知，空处位于本段的末端，所以C项切合题意。69．B推理判断题。依据本段的表达可知，本段主要讲节俭用水的此外一些方法，故B项切合题意。70．D推理判断题。依据上一句“Bycollectingcoldwaterwhenwe'retakingwarmshowers,wecanalsosavewater.”可知，在洗热水澡的时候采集冷水也能够节俭用水，空处承接上一句，应是不要让冷水向来流，直到水变暖，故D项切合题意。15(2018·福建中考B卷)GreenHomecampaigners(倡始者)reallylovethenaturalworld.Infact,weloveitsomuchthatwe'redetermined(信心)todoourbestt