必修5-Unit1Great-scientists-单词讲解

人教课标高二必修5

Unit1wordsandexpressions putforward提出；举荐；提前；拨快(时钟)教材原句P1：Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出的黑洞理论？①Asfortheproblemyouputforwardinyourlastletter，Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyane­dictionary.提出②Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.提前③Mywatchwasslow，soIputitforward.拨快④MayIputyournameforwardaschairmanofthecommittee（委员会）？举荐2词汇拓展:

up

downoutoffonupwithawayput登记，放下扑灭推迟，延期举起;建立;张贴穿上putforward忍受整理1.Theplanthatyou_____________atthemeetingiswonderful.2.Manytallbuildingswere________alongtheroad.3.Firefightershavebeencalledto_______thefireinthecitycentre.4.Idon'tknowhowhisparents__________hisbehavior.5.Don’t_________untiltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.---BenjaminFranklin

putforward

putup

putout

putoff

putupwith2

drawaconclusion（n）得出结论

draw/cometo/arriveat/reachaconclusion(from…)v.conclude结束;推断出eg:Themeetingconcludedat8o’clock.conclude···with···以···结束故事以主子公的死亡结束。Thestoryconcludeswiththehero’sdeath.conclude···from···从···推断出你可以从他说的话中推断出什么？Whatcanyouconcludefromwhathesaid?二、翻译下列句子。1.从事实中得出结论很重要。_________________________________2.她以一个好玩的故事结束谈话。_________________________________Itisimportanttodrawaconclusionfromthefacts.

Sheconcludedhertalkwithafunnystory.

3.defeatvt.战胜；战胜（对手）

vt.使落空，使失败

n.失败，击败，挫折李娜击败了其他选手赢得了公开赛。LiNadefeatedotherplayersandwonthetournament。我们的棒球队再次失败。Ourbaseballteamhassufferedanotherdefeat.defeatbeatwin的区分defeated，beat都接sb.作宾语，可互换，beat侧重于竞赛中击中对手，defeated既可以指竞赛，也可指战场上战胜对手。win表示在较强的竞争中取得了成功，常接宾语：game,war,prize,fame,battle等。win还可以作为不及物动词来用。他们取得了这次站东的成功，但也牺牲了很多人。Theythebattlebutlostmanymen.我想战胜他，但力不从心。Itriedtohimbuthewastoomuchforme.wondefeat/beat4.--sofamous,expert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaas…..1)attend(on)sb.照看，护理Whichdoctorisattending(on)you?2)attendsth.出席,参与~ameeting,~aceremony,~afuneral,

~awedding,~alecture(听讲座),~concert(听音乐会)~school(上学),~church(上教堂)(1)有很多人出席了会议。Themeetingwaswell_______.(2)假如你工作不专心，你就不会成功。Ifyoudon't________yourwork,youwon'tsucceed.(3)珍多年来始终在照料她那有病的母亲。Janehavebeen__________hersickmotherforyears.attendedattendtoattendingon拓展：attendtosth.留意，专心*专心工作,不要说话Attendtoyourworkandstoptalking.

joinjoinintakepartinattendjoinsbindoingMayI_______yourdiscussion?Hewasillsohedidn't________hisclasses.Hisfather________thePartymanyyearsago.Lincon_________________politicsandwasstronglyagainstslavery.Willyou___________thediscussion.加入（团体，组织，参军）、参与（某些小型活动）参与(会议，课程，婚礼）参与（某些大型活动）joininattendjoinedtookanactivepartinjoinusin与某人一起做某事5.…whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.1）expose暴露,显露Whenhesmiledheexposedasetofperfectwhiteteeth.expose…to…把……暴露于……之下.exposeoneselfto…

exposehisskintothesunexposethebabytothewindandrainbeexposedto暴露;遭遇到2）揭露;揭发;使爆光exposecrime/scandal/aplot/aproject/aplan等揭露罪行﹑丑闻、阴谋﹑方案﹑支配等eg:1.Thewolfopeneditsmouthto______arowofsharpteeth.2.Don’t______yourskin

___thesun;yourskinwillbehurt.exposeexpose

to

露出暴露Manygirlsliketo________themselves__thesuninsummer.Manygirlsliketo____________thesuninsummer.exposetobeexposedto_____tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.A.Exposed

B.Exposing

C.Beingexposed

D.Havingexposed6.challenge

n．挑战；vt.向……挑战教材原句P2：JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。(1)facea/thechallenge面对挑战accept/takeupa/thechallenge接受挑战(2)challengesb.(todosth.)向某人挑战(做某事)；邀请某人参赛挑战

①Iaccepted/tookupachallengetoatennismatch.我接受了网球赛的挑战。②Reducingthegapbetweentherichandthepoorisoneofthemainchallengesthegovernmentfaces.缩小贫富差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一。③MrWangchallengedmetoplayanothertennisgame.王先生向我挑战再打一场网球竞赛。7.…peopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.absorbv.吸取Usetheclothtoabsorbthespilledink.吸干撒的墨水Blackclothabsorbslight.absorboneselfin…/beabsorbedin…专注于,被吸引；Iwasabsorbedinabookanddidn’thearyourcall.absorb…into…吸取,把…并入Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization.Simonwasso__________（沉醉于）hisbookthathedidn’tevennoticemecomein.

2.Thisdrugisquickly____________（被吸取进）thebody.absorbedinabsorbedinto8.suspectvt.怀疑;n.嫌疑犯;adj.不行靠的suspectsb.of....认为某人有……的嫌疑运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。⑴Heissuspected____murder.

⑵Whatmadeyoususpecther___havingtakenthemoney?ofof辨析：suspectedthat...表示“怀疑其有”；doubtthat...“无把握，不信任”，怀疑其无。请比较：Idoubtthathehasstolenmywatch.我不信任他偷了我的手表。Isuspectthathehasstolenmywatch.我怀疑/猜想他偷了我的手表。9.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.1)betoblame(forsth.)应受指责;应对某事负责(主动形式表被动)eg:Thedriverwastoblamefortheaccident.Iwastoblameforlosingthegame.2)blamesb.forsth.因为某事而指责某人3)blamesth.onsb.把···归咎到某人身上MomblamedTomforthebrokenglass.Don’tblameyourfailureonothers.Itisyouyourselfthataretoblame.Idon’tknowwho_______blameforthecaraccident.wastoIthink_____________________(司机是罪魁祸首).Heshouldhavebeenmorecareful.

thedriverwastoblame★Whois___thefireinthekitchen?A.toblameforB.toblameC.blameforD.blame (1)因为和弟弟打架，大家都指责这个男孩。 Everyone_______theboy___fightingwithhisbrother.

(2)不能把一切错误都归咎于他。 Wecan't_____themistakes___himalone.blamedforblameonSheblamedhimforthefailureoftheirmarriage.=sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonhim.10.···twootherdeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak我的电脑无法连接网络Ican’tlinkmycomputertotheinternet.link...to...把…与…连接或联系起来

belinkedto被连接，与…有联系Thevideocameras

apowerfulcomputer.

Twodeaths

thecholera.arelinkedtowerelinkedto11.instructvt.叮嘱；指示；教化______________adj.有指导意义的，有益的______________n.指导；说明书(复数)____________________[搭配]叮嘱/指示某人做某事instructsb.todosth.instructiveinstruction⑴Mymumalwaysinstructsme_______(keep)theroomcleanandingoodorder.

⑵Readthe__________(instruct)carefullybeforetakingthemedicine.⑶Yourwordsarevery__________(instruct)，soIwillkeeptheminmymind.tokeepinstructionsinstructive12.contributevt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助①Peopleactively___________money__thepoorandkindmother.人们踊跃给那位可怜而和善的母亲捐款。②Ibelievethateachofuscan___________thefutureoftheworld.我信任我们每一个人都能够对世界的将来有所贡献。contributedtocontributeto(1)contribute...to...为……捐献……;投稿contributeto 有助于;促进;导致;

对……做贡献(2)contribution n.贡献,捐献makeacontribution/contributionsto/towards...