包头市高考英语二模试卷分类汇编 阅读理解

包头市高考英语二模试卷分类汇编读理解一、高英语阅读理1．阅读理解CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby.Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputplants,fiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.family'soldfarmhousehasachickenhouse,residentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehaslargerbecause,shesaid,"ThecosteverythingisgoingupandIlookingloseafewpoundstoo;soit'sawin-winsituationallaround."Theyarethegrowingnumberofwho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandfallingeconomy,havetakenupvegetablegardeningforfirsttime.Opaniesgardensaythatsincehastheresuchanincreaseininterestinfoodathome.gardensacrossthecountryhavebeenoutforseveralmonths.InAustin,someofthegardenshaveathree-yearwaitingGeorgeCBallownerofcompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandupby40%,overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthoflastfiveyears.Mr.Ballarguesthatofthereasonsbuildingforthelastfewyears.bigoneisstrikinginthecostonlikebreadandmilk,togetherwithincreasesinthepriceoffruitandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreaseofhigherprice.Peoplearedrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismoretimetogarden.（）theword"residents"inParagraphprobablyreferA.chickenstomatoesC.gardenspeople（）isvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?A.MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.B.Thepriceoflowerbefore.There'sagrowingforD.Thecostoflivingisonthe（）offollowingmightbebestfortext?A.FamilyPlanningB.BankingonGardeningABelt-tighteningMoveGardeningasaHobby【答案】（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇说明文，越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降，人们不得不自己种菜以降低生活成本。（）查词义测。根据第一段中“family'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.”可，Feeley的房子成为了养鸡的地方，下个月新的居民就要来了。这里的新居民就是指他们所养的鸡。故选A。

（）查推理断。根据第二段中“TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherlivingcostsandfallingeconomy,takenupvegetablegardeningforthefirsttime.可知，菜园的出现是由于生活成本的上升及经济的下降导致的。故选D。（）查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了越来越多的美人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降。文章并没有涉及家庭食物计划和紧缩活动，更不是把园艺当成爱好。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解AstudypublishedthejournalSciencerevealsthatsince1970,birdpopulationsintheUnitedStatesandCanadahavedeclinedby29percent,oralmost3billionbirds.Theresultsshowtremendouslossesacrossdiversegroupsbirdsandhabitatsfromiconicsongsterssuchasmeadowlarkstolong-distancemigrantssuchasswallows."Thesedataareconsistentwithwhatwe'reseeingelsewhere,"saidcoauthorPeterMarra,formerheadoftheSmithsonianMigratoryBirdCenter.urgenttoaddressongoingthreats,bothbecausethedominoeffects多诺效)leadtothedecayofecosystemsthatdependonforourownhealthandlivelihoodsandbecausepeopleallovertheworldcherishbirdstheirownright.Canyouimagineawithoutbirdsong?"Evidenceforthedeclinesemergedfromdetectionofmigratorybirdsintheairfrom143weatherradarstationsacrossthecontinentaperiodspanningover10yearsaswellfromnearlyyearsofdatacollectedthroughmultiplemonitoringeffortsonground.Citizen-scienceparticipantsalsocontributedlot,foranalysisincludedcitizen-sciencedatafromtheNorthAmericanBreedingBirdSurveycoordinatedbytheCanadianWildlifeService-themainsourcesoflong-term,large-scalepopulationdataforNorthbirds.Thestudythatlargestfactordrivingthesedeclinesislikelythelossanddegradationofhabitat,especiallyduetoagriculturalintensificationandurbanization.Otherstudieshavedocumenteddeathfrompredation捕)domesticcats;collisionswithglass,buildings,andotherstructures;andpervasive(普的)useofpesticidesassociatedwithwidespreaddeclinesininsects,anessentialfoodsourceforbirds.Climatechangeexpectedtocompoundthesechallengesbyalteringhabitatsandthreateningplantcommunitiesthatbirdsneedtosurvive.

"It'swake-upcallthatwe'velostmorethanaquarterourbirdstheU.S.Canada,"saidcoauthorAdamfromEnvironmentClimateChangethereachesfarbeyondourindividualborders.thethatbreedinbackyardsmigratethroughorspendthewinterintheU.S.placesfarthersouth-fromandtheCaribbeantoCentralandAmerica.Whatourbirdsneednowisanhistoric,hemisphericeffortunitespeopleandorganizationswithgoal:bringingourbirds（）underlinedword"decay"inParagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.A.improvementB.worseningC.changedD.threat（）Paragraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Newfindingsoftheresearch.B.Applicationsoftheresearch.C.Datasourcesofresearch.D.Methodsofresearch.（）Smithsaidmainlyimpliesthat___________.A.birdpopulationsinAmericaCanadadroppedbyaquarterB.thebirdpopulationcrisisnotjustwithinindividualbordersC.thereisindividualscandohelpincreasepopulationsD.thesolutionsolvingcrisisinternationalcooperation【答案】（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇新闻报道。发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究显示，美国和加拿大的鸟类数量已经下降了，鸟类和栖息地都遭受了巨大的损失，作者根据研究数据来说明解决这些问题迫在眉睫，需要全人类共同努力拯救鸟类。（）查词义测。根据第二段中“urgenttoaddressongoingthreats,bothbecausetheeffects（米诺效应）canleadtothedecayofthathumansdependonforourownhealthandlivelihoods可，解决持续的威胁迫在眉睫，人类依赖生态系统以生存和保持健康，这里的威胁指多米诺效应会破坏人们的生态系统，可以判断多米诺效应会让生态系统恶化，故选B。（）查段落意。根据第三在过去10年，在整个非洲大陆143个天气雷达站对候鸟的探测，以及通过在当地进行的多次监测工作收集到的近年的数据.....公科学参与者也做出了很大贡献，分析北美繁殖鸟类调查数据，这是北美鸟类长期、大规模数据的主要来源。可，本段主要介绍了研究的数据来源，故选C。（）查推理断。根据最后一段中“ourbirdsneednowisanhistoric,hemisphericeffortthatunitespeopleandorganizationsonegoal:bringingourbirdsback.”可知，鸟类现在需要的是一项历史性的、半球性的努力，把人们和组织团结起来实现一个共同目标：把鸟类带回来，所以解决这个危机需要国际合作，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道。考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解Dothatfoodisn'thealthy?Ofcourseyoudo!eatanyway?Ofcourseyoudo!anewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsthewayscompaniesfoolthemintothinkingfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofighteatinghealthier.Thepullofjunkfoodbesuper-strong.It'sdesignedtotasty;eatingoneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryinghandleit.Yetwekeepeatingfood.ProfessorChristopherBryansays,companieswantyoutowantjunkfood."millionsofdollarscomingupwithnewwaysto^promotejunkfoodconsumption.Theyhirescientistsmakenewjunkalmostirresistible.this,forexample,addingmoreRatsjunkforsixweekswillevenacrossfloorgivesthemelectricshocksjusttogetmoreoffood.Foodadsoftenmakeunhealthyjunkhealthybyfeaturingprofessionalathletes,fit-lookingpopstarsandsmiling,active"Wethoughtthestudentslearnedthis,itwouldmattertothem,"Bryansays.Heworkedwith8thgradersataTexasschool.Halfthemgotalessoncreated.Itfocusedonthewaysjunkadvertised,ormarketed.Asecondgroupreceivedlessonsthatfocusedonhealth.Theselessonsstudentsjunkfoodishad,thatfoodslikeapplesorcarrotsareabetterchoice.studentslearnedbaddietcanleadtomajorweightgain,thatbeingoverweightputspeopleatriskforseriousdiseases.Theyalsolearnedeatingwellhealthywhenyou'reolder.Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupsaskedtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'tpositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.（）doestheauthorthequestionsinparagraphA.expresshisdoubtsaboutjunkfood.B.promotetheofhealthyeating.Todescribesituationjunkfood.D.Tointroducetopicfordiscussion.（）remainsagreathealthchallengedoctors?A.Makingpeopledoexercise.Makingpeoplehealthily.Makingpeopleweight.D.Makingpeoplepreferjunkfood.（）messagedoesparagraph3mainlyA.makesjunkalmostimpossibleresist.B.Wpaniestrytogetpeoplereachforfood.foodcompaniespromotetheconsumptionjunkfood.（）offollowingbestdescribeBryan'slessons?A.Shocking.B.Popular.C.Effective.D.Abstract.【答案】（）（）

（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。（）查推理判断。纵观全文可知本文介绍了一项研究：让青年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Doknowthatjunkisn'thealthy?你知道垃圾食品不健康吗youeatit你然还吃垃圾食品？是为引出本文要讨论的话题。故选。（）查细节解。根据第二段中“designedtasty,whicheatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesoftime.fromdoctorstogovernmenthastryingtohandleit.可，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。故选B。（）查推理判断。根据第三段中先提到“食公司想要消者想吃垃圾食品，接着说到“它（食品公司)花资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒，着还举例说它可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。此以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。故选。（）查推理断。根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给克萨斯州的所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段thelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltjunkfood.Mostdidn'tpositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。由此可以推断Bryan的课是有效的。故选。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解DanceClassesBalletBalletteachesgrace,posture(姿)flexibility.Studentsfocusonofproperballetitems(物品),expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesimprovingmotorskillsforclassicalballetpractice.classisaformalballetAge8-10September7,2019-May10:30am-12:00onSaturdayCreativeMoversStudentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofmotorplanningandbalance.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityself-confidence,andallowschildrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment.Childrenusetheirimaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.

Age3-5September7,2019-January18,20209:00amonSaturdayJazzJazzincludesclassicalandtechniques.Thiswillfocusontraditionaljazzdance.Studentsbeintroducedjazz-styleandmovements.ordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,inviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample(例class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftostudents'personaldancegoals.Age5-6September7,2019-May2:00pmonSaturdayHipHopStudentsbeintroducedseveraldifferentaspectsofdanceincludingpopping,locking,breakingandtottinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsarehighlyknowledgeablewillprovidestudentsawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.Age7-10September7,2019-May1:00pmonSunday（）issuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?A.Ballet.B.CreativeC.HipHop.Jazz.（）studentsdoinjazzclass?A.Makeoftheballetitems.B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers.D.jazz-stylemovements.（）isspecialaboutthehopclass?A.Itisopeninafternoon.B.isavailableonSunday.Itteachestraditionaldances.D.themostskilledteachers.【答案】（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几门舞蹈课。这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。（）查细节解。根据CreativeMovers部中“可知，CreativeMovers这门课适合四岁的孩子。故选B。（）查细节解。根据Jazz部中”willbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.知，学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。故选D。（）查细节解。根据文”Ballet(10:30am-12:00Saturday);CreativeMovers(900am-9:onSaturday)”Jazz(0000pmonSaturday)“;”Hip:00pm-2:00pmonSunday)可其他三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，而HipHop课在星期天上课，这就是它独特的地方。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节

信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。5．（2019•天津）阅读理解Howanecosystem（态系统work?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whytheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalofwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmuchoneeats.Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutkeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistlinksratherthanafewstrongones.a掠食动物）alwayshugenumbersofasingleprey（物）thetwospeciesstronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,linked.maybedominatedmanyweaklinksthatmorestableoverlongterm.Ifapredatoreatseveralspecies,itcansurviveextinction（灭绝）ofoneofAndifapredatorcanmoveonanotherspeciesthateasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.weaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodbeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorsleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientiststhatpredatorsattopofahadasurprisingamountofcontroloversizepopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedactivitieshavetheideaoftop-downcontrolbypredatorstobetrue.theocean,wefishedforpredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,killedlargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtellustoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldallowustopullanecosystemfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssaysbecauseoncepasstheirtipping（界点）itisremarkablydifficultfortoreturn.（）scientistsdiscoveredthehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffood？A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B.rulesgoverningwebsoftheecosystems.Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.Thedifferencesbetweenandstronglinksinfoodwebs.（）stronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______.A.hasawidefoodchoiceB.easilynewsticksonepreyspeciesD.canquicklymoveanotherplace（）willhappenifthepopulationsofpredatorsagreatlyA.Thepreyspeciesdirectlyattackwilldieout.B.speciesindirectlyattackturnintopredators.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspeciesunchanged.

Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.（）conclusioncanbedrawnfrominParagraphA.Uncontrolledactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.Speciesofvaluedominateotherspecies.Industrialactivitiesfoodstable.（）doesanearly-warningsystemusmaintaintheecological？A.Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B.Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.bringingbroken-downbacknormal.Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.【答案】（）（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些在食物网运营的关键原则。科学家们说;因一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。该系统将告诉我们何时适应人类活动，这些活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，或者甚至允许我们将生态系统从边缘拉回来，预防是关键。（）查细节解。根据第二段中“Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.可，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些关键原则。故选B。（）查细节理解。根据第二段中的

apredator(掠动物)alwayseatshugenumberssingleprey(物，twospeciesarestronglylinked可，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物，这两个物种是紧密相连的。故选。（）查推理断。根据第三段中“the1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsattopofafoodhad,surprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack”可知，处于食物网顶端的食肉动物对它们没有接攻击的其他物种的种群数量有着惊人的控制，由此可推断出，如果食物链顶级食肉动物的数量大大下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。故选。（）查理判断。根据最后一段中的“thesystemwouldtellustoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemabreakdownallowtopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline可，人类过度的活动会将生态系统推向崩溃，由此可推断出，不受控制的人类活动极大地破坏了生态系统。故选。（）查细节解。根据最后一段中“Scientistshavebuiltanearlysystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideallywouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystembreakdownorwouldevenallowuspullanbackfromtheborderline.可，期变暖系统发出紧急需要采取预防行动的信号帮助我们维持生态平衡。故选。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、、C和D），选出最佳选项。DevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantsthetoknowexactlyshe'swhileshe'sonhervacationaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated(截)attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedinconvenienceforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.TospreadthatGallaghergonetosocialmedia,shareshertravelsacrossworld,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-taglocationherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.

地理位置标签,writesNowshehastakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,showcyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdamrelaxingonawalloverlookingthecityBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takinginbeautifultempleAthensenjoyingariverrideinBudapest,allwithlocationswrittenonherartificialleg."IgetaeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadsuddenthoughtgetachalk-board,"Gallaghersaid."Myandgrandmotherdidn'ttheidea,butfriendsthoughtwasgreattoldmetogoforsoIdid."Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstareshe'swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback反馈,leghasn'tstoppedmefromdoinganythingwantedtodo,"she"Idon'tknowifit'sdeterminationtoprovemyselfthatIit,anyway,I'vebeenabletokeepupwithpeopleatandleadprettygreatlife."GallagherusthatyoushouldneveranythingstandintheofAndiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,make（）messagedidGallaphertospreadinspecialway?A.Sheenjoystravellingacrosstheglobe.B.sufferslittlefromherleg'samputation.shelooksonmisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.Shehasexactlyfallenlovewithpostingonline.（）theword"which"underlinedinparagraph3referto?A.thecontinentB.thepicturesC.thelegD.thelocation（）canbestbedescribed________.A.helpfulambitiousB.friendlyandgenerousandcreativeD.independentsensible（）offollowingmightbebestfortext?A.TooLatetoshareB.ASpecialArtificialAnOutstandingPhotographerD.Gallagher'sSummerHolidays【答案】（）（）

（）（）【解析】【分析】DevonGallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。（）细节理解题。根据第一段中

AlthoughtheamputationcausedinconvenienceforGallagherearlyon,sheseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbest。管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可知Gallagher想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。（）理判断NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingcanalrelaxingonawall现她在整个大拍照，应该是这些照片展示了所以指的是她拍的照片，故选。（）理判断题。据第四段OnedayIhadsuddenthoughttogetchalk-board,"Gallaghersaid."Mymumandgrandmotherdidn'ttheidea,friendsthoughtwasgreattoldmetogoit,Idid."Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决。根据第二段Tospreadthatmessage.Gallagherhasgonetosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotoshertravelsacrossworld,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo-tag

地理位置标签,writeslocationherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture。把的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选。（）旨大意。最后一段Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的在社交媒体上分享自己环旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故ASpecialArtificialLeg是最好的标题。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．阅读理解AlisonMalmonwasendingheryearattheUniversityPennsylvania.whengotthenews:HerolderbrotherBrian,studentatColumbiaUniversity;wassufferingfrommentalillness.Inspiredbythis,aatuniversitytoorganizestudentstotalkopenlyabouthealth.Itsoonblossomedintoanationalorganizationthathasmorethan450campuschapters.Leaderswiththeorganizationspendtheirtimetalkingwithcollegestudentsaboutthepressurethattoday'syoungpeople"Whatyouhearoftenjustaneedtobeperfect,"saidMalmon,"andaneedtopresentoneselfasperfect."newstudyinUKprovedthatneedforperfectionismissimplypart

oftoday'ssociety.thestudy,tworesearchersstudiedmorethan40,000studentsfromtheUS,Canada,andtheUK.Theyfoundthatwhattheycalled"socially-prescribed社定向型)perfectionism"increasedathirdbetweenand2016.LeadresearcherCurransaidthatwhilesomanyoftoday'syoungpeopletrypresentaperfectappearanceonline,socialmediatheonlyreasonbehindthistrend.Instead,hemaybedrivenbycompetitioninmodemsociety,meaningyoungpeoplecan'tavoidbeingsortedandrankedinbotheducationandemployment.Thatcomessituationlikegreaternumbersofcollegestudents,nationalexaminationandparentingthatincreasinglyemphasizessuccessineducation.Forexample,inhalfofhighschoolseniorsexpectedtogetacollegedegreeofsomekind.By2008,morethan80percentexpectedthesame.Theresearchersalsosaidchangesinparentingstylesoverthelastdecadeshaveanimpact.Asparentsfeelincreasedpressuretoraisesuccessfulchildren,theyinturnpasstheir"achievementanxieties"ontotheirkidsthrough"tooparticipationtheirchild'sactivitiesThoseinthehealthcommunitylikesaythey'reconcernedabouttheimpactthecultureofperfectionismhashealthoncampuses."Mentalhealthhasbecomethisgeneration'ssocialjustice(公正)issue,"she"It'sourjobtoequipthemwiththetoolsandletpeopleknowthatit'snottheir（）inspiredAlisonMalmontostartarelatedhealth?A.Herbrother'sillness.B.Herprojectduringfreshmanyear.C.Thepressuresheexperienced.D.Herstronginteresthealth.（）maybepushingtodaysyoungpeopletostruggletobeperfect,accordingtothearticle?Theimpactofsocialmedia.b.Parents'expectationsoftheirchildren.Thedecreasingofcollegestudents.d.fiercecompetitionsociety.Theirdesiretodrawtheirparents'attention.A.a,b,cB.a,d,eb,D.b,（）Whatdoesthinkatohelpyoungpeoplemanagethepressureofperfectionism?A.Enablingthemtoknowwhatisblameforpressure.B.Loweringexpectationsofthemselves.C.Reducingparents'involvementtheirchildren'sD.Makingthemawareofsocialresponsibility（）isarticlemainlyabout?

A.Astudyoncollegestudents.B.Researchthetrendofperfectionism.C.Agroupdevotedtohelpingpeoplestaymentallyhealthy.D.Variouspressuresthattoday'syoungpeoplefacing.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了完美主义给当代年轻人带来的巨大压力，并分析了完美主义出现的具体原因。（）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"HerolderbrotherBrian,astudentatColumbiaUniversity;wassufferingfrommentalillness.“以及第二段中”bythis,formedagroupatheruniversitytoorganizestudentstotalkopenlyabout可正是的哥哥Brian患了精神病让Malmon决创办一个研究精病的研究小组。故选。（）查细节解。根据第四段中"socialmediaisn'ttheonlyreasonbehindthistrend.Instead,hesaid,bedrivenbycompetitioninmodemsociety…Thatcomesfromnormalsituationlikegreaternumbersofcollegestudents,nationalexaminationandparentingthatincreasinglyemphasizessuccessineducation."可社交媒体不是年轻人所面临压力的唯一原因，当代社会的激烈竞争以及父母对孩子教育成功的期待都是重要原因。故选C。（）查推理断。根据最后一段中的ourjobtoequipthemwithtoolsletpeopleknowthatit'snottheir可认年轻人应该让人们知道精神健方面的问题不是他们的错误，而是社会以及父母给他们带来的。故选。（）查主旨大意。本文是一篇说明文，前两段导入话题：完主义给年轻人带来了巨大的精神压力，人们组建了研究团队对此进行研究。第三段第一句点明主youhearoftenisjustaneedperfect,""andatopresentoneself下分析了完美主义产生的具体原因，并提出了年轻人的应对方法。所以本文主要讲述的是对完美主义的研究。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解Mostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfoodchoicescanbethereappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthetheytotheirhealthandtheirdiningoutexperience.OpenTableOpenTablehelpspeoplechooserestaurantstheytogoouttoeat.Itisaservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedonwhereandtheywanttodine.givesuserspointstheyreservations(预定,whichcanadduptodiscountson

restaurantvisits.McCalman'sPairingWineandcheesebegreatcombination.Butgobestcheeses?McCalman'sPairinghelp.Itprovidesinformationhundredsofdifferentcheesesandsuggestswinestopairwitheach.MaxCheese&WinePairingappisfree.HappyCowVegetariansnoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdoeatanyanimalproducts.appforbothgroups.Userssearchforvegetarian-veganrestaurantsandstoresaroundtheworld.LocalEatsRestaurantchains,McDonalds,befoundalmostanywhereapersontravel.sometimestravelerswanttoeatlikelocals.TheLocalEatsappdesignedforthat.ItcanhelpfindlocalrestaurantsinmajorcitiesinUSandothercountries.Itcostsaboutdollar.ChefsEatChefsEat"isa975-pagcMostpeoplewouldtocarrythattherealighterappversionofthesameforjust$15.Sixhundredchefsprovideinformationon3,000restaurantsaroundthetheWhereChefsEatapp.（）dothefirsttwoappshaveinA.Theyarebothfreeofcharge.B.Discountsareprovidedonboth.Bestwinescanbereservedonboth.D.Theytellyouwheretohavethebest（）isHappyCowappprobablydesignedA.Friendsdrinkingwinestogether.Chefsenjoyingmeatverymuch.Peoplewanttoadiet.Thoseofteneatinginarestaurant.（）canlikelyseetext?A.Onatourismguide.Inacellphoneapplicationintroduction.Inastudents'textbook.scientificdiscoveryTVprogram.【答案】（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应文，介绍了五个帮助他们了解健康饮食的应用软件。（）查细节解。根据OpenTableapp部中的afreeservicethatshowsusersrestaurantavailablebasedontheywanttodine.这是一项免费服务，根据用户想要用餐的地点和时间向用户显示餐厅；以及McCalman'sCheese&WinePairingapp部分中的McCalman'sCheese&WinePairingappfree.“MaxMcCalman'sCheese&WinePairing应程序是免费的。可知前两个应用程序的共同点是他们都是免费的。故选A。（）查推理断。根据HappyCowapp部中的Vegetariansnoteatanimalmeat.Vegansdonoteatanimalproducts.appismadeforbothgroups.者不吃肉。严格素食者不吃任何动物产品。而快乐奶牛应用软件就是为这两个群体制作的。，可知件是为想要节食的人设计的。故选C。（）查推理断。根据第一段中"Now,therethatcanpeoplelearnabout

thetheyeattoimprovetheirhealthandtheirdiningout现，有一些应用程序可以帮助人们了解他们吃的食物，从而改善他们的健康和外出就餐的体验。以及文章主要介绍了五个应用软件，故最有可能在手机应用介绍看到本文。故选。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读理解BrightSidedidresearchonmanyplacesthroughouttheworldwhereyoucanbuyahousefor1dollarorforfree!Roubaix,FrancelikeFrance,RoubaixlocatedinthenorthofFrancejustforyou.localauthoritieswantittobepopulatedandattractive.buysmallintheindustrialdistrictforjust$1.Thebuyerissupposedtoliveinthisfor3ye