高考英语二轮复习第一编一阅读理解题型三词义猜测题练习新

---题型三词义猜测题语篇出处：2019年全国卷III・B篇语篇类型：说明文主题语境：中国时尚ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.“It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource来（源）ofinspirationfordesigners，”saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA＋ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion（时尚）shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChinainspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics（美学）onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook，”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”Ofcourse,notonlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.“VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHill.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers，”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork？Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen？Theyaresettingthefashion.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.Theyadmiresupermodels.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takingon”inParagraph4mean？learningfromB．lookingdownonC.workingwithD．competingagainstWhatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldAChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkDifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends题1：题干中的关键词“abouttheexhibitioninNewYork”，定位于文中第三段。第三段最后一句“Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.”在纽约的时尚展览出席率创纪录，显示出人们对中国的影响有着巨大的兴趣。由此可判断，此次展览吸引了大量的参观者。选B。题2：定位至U第四段，由关键词“ChinesemodelswhichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”可知，中国妇女不仅仅是时尚的消费者，她们也是时尚运动的核心。由此可知，中国妇女正在开创新风尚。选A。题3：根据第四段中的“...andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales”可知，在设计上和销售上打败了他们。由此可以推知，该短语的意思是“与……竞争”。选D。

题4：文章第一段提到“对于西方设计师来说，中国及其丰富的文化一直是西方创意的灵感源泉。”最后一段提到“对于Hill来说，在谈论时尚时，我们不可能不谈论中国的领先地位。”由此可以推测，本文标题应为“中国文化催生国际时尚潮流”。选D。考法1考法1代词指代类顺藤摸瓜”法渥冋方式Whatd（Whatd（iestheundetiiriedword"it/that"inParagraph2referBo?典例片段（2019•南京盐城模考）So,nowyouknowwhatstyleis,you'llneedtobuysomeclothes.Butwhere?IntheUK,youcangetreallyhceap,stylish,secondhandclothesatcharityshops.They'regreatifyouwantexclusivelabelsbutdon'twanttopaytheprice.Theonlydifficultyisdiscoveringwherethereallygoodbargainsare.Butdon'tworry,LeilaGraycanhelpyouhere.She'stheproudownerofavintageHardyAmiescoat,pickedupatacharityshopfo£20—agooddealwhenyourealizeitcostmorethan£800new.“Youhavetogotothericherareasofacity,"shesays.“That'swhereallthelabelsare.Itcantakeabitofhuntingaround,butthatishalfthefun,andthere'salotofburiedtreasurejustwaitingtobediscovered."Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"inParagraph2referto?Gettingclothesofleadingbrands.Buyingclothesatratherlowprices.Searchingforreallygoodbargains.Startingacharityshopsellingclothes.第一步锁定内容：内容与主题语境中的购物有关。第二步明确句意：“它可能需要多逛一逛，但这是一半的乐趣，还有很多埋藏的宝藏等待被发现。”第三步分析文本：上文提到“Theonlydifficultyisdiscoveringwherethereallygoodbargainsare.”唯一困难的是找到有物美价廉商品的地方。该句提到需要多逛一逛，后面提到还会发现宝藏。由此推知，多逛一下就能发现物美价廉的物品。选C。考法2词义猜测类——“线索追踪”法考设问方式语薦樂型兰要若色与主題语境相关前内窖症述。可以抿据上下交违底和构词法弩来推斷=■词可収利用语;去芫磔、逻辑关展*构词法、上下文语境*肯景第溟粤"Whatdoeslhaworda..."2mean?—科册换告、现彖说明.专題交覃.专栏丈章尊■=典例片段（2018•江苏高考，B篇）Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextralargesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenonethewiser—theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inParagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere.notawareofeatingmorethanusualnotwillingtosharefoodwithothersnotconsciousofthefoodqualitynotfondofthefoodprovided第一步考查内容：内容与主题语境有关，即灯光与吃饭多少的关系。第二步分析句意：“在昏暗的灯光下顾客无法判断吃了多少食物”，“吃多了也不会觉得饱”，用的是语境理解法。第三步对比选项：文中“atemorethaneveryoneelse”和“didn'tfeelfuller”与选项A中的信息“notawareofeatingmorethanusual”一致，故选A。考法3句意猜测类——“意义吻合”法畔点揭秘I诉冋方式I语篇类型主要哥性句子巫音格占谨语与主班语墟州天的内容指谨°可以抿堀上下站紊来拮断=■帛用方迭有匡果推肝送、前后对比述.逗1SEE薛法、車制说明港尋aW^ldOeS1h$urld$r1in$dihP^r^^r'^ph2mean?Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlineds巳ntEn匚巳inParagraph3?科硏报告、规象说闺、专观丈¥、冊究｝E告、拓媒焯■语籍等a典例片段（2019•北京海淀模考）InDecember2017,Iattendedaconference...IfeltfortunatethatIhadn'tmadethatmanymistakesinmyownlife.Thosewomen...failed...Iwasstartingtofeelsorryforthem.Then,...Iheardthewords:“Don'tbesoproudofyourself.Youhaven'tmadeanymistakesbecauseyouhaven'tlivedatall.Lookhowboringyourlifeis.”Thevoicewasright.Thereweren'tmanyatall.Ihadfollowedastraightpathfor38yearsInfact,at38,Ihadonlyhadthreejobs.“Thedevil（魔鬼）、you_know__is_better;than=the_one_you_don't"wasmymotto.AquickreviewofmylifemademerealizethatitwastheactionsIhadn'ttakenthatIwassuddenlyregretting...WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4probablymean?Thefamiliardevilismorefrightening.Saying“no"isbetterthansaying“yes".It'sbettertostaywithinthecomfortzone.You'dbetterchangeyourjobmorefrequently.主旨大意：作者本来对自己安逸的生活感到幸运，后来感觉到应该不畏失败，去尝试新的生活。第二步分析句意：关键词“followedastraightpathfor38years”38年来按部就班地生活、工作。座右铭是“安于现状”。第三步对比选项：画线部分与选项C中的信息一致，即“待在舒适区更好些”。（2019•河南郑州模考）语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：特色工作AyoungLosAngelesactorinneedofasecondjobtopayhisbillshascomeupwithabrilliantwaytosupplementhisincome—peoplewalking.ChuckMcCarthyoriginallyconsideredbecomingadogwalkertoearnsomeextracash,butsoonrealizedthatthejobrequiredmorethanwalkingdogsonaleash.However,walkingpeopledidn'trequiremuchwhentheywereoutonwalks.ChuckrealizedtherewasmoneytobemadeifhewalkedpeoplearoundLosAngelesinstead.Itmightsoundlikeajoke,butThePeopleWalker,ashecallshimself,isveryseriousabouthisnewjob.For$7permile,heofferstowalkwithclientsaroundL．A.,listeningtotheirproblemsorsimplymakingconversationsandofferingthemasenseofsecurity.At6feet,2inches,andsportingabulkyfigureandbushybeard,Chuckdoesn'tlooklikethekindofguyyou'dwanttomesswith.Chuck'sservicesareaimedatpeoplewhoneedamotivationalboosttogowalking,thosewhodon'tfeelsafewalkingaloneinsomeareas,andthosewhoareafraidthatpeoplemightseethemwalkingbythemselvesandthinkthattheyhavenofriends.“IwearmyThePeopleWalkershirtuponrequestandonthefirstwalkwithanewclient,sotheycanbe100%sureit'sme，”McCarthysays.However,headmitssomepeopleareabituncomfortablewiththispolicy,astheydon'tnecessarilywanteveryonetoknowthatthey'rebeingwalked.Sofar,ChuckMcCarthyhasalreadyhadanotherfivepeoplewalkersemployed,coveringvariousareas,likedowntownL．A.,Hollywood,EagleRock,orFairfax.Oncehepostedsignsaroundthecity,hisphonestartedringingandclientsbeganrollingin.Andwithallthefreepublicityhehasbeengettinginthepresslately,morerequestsarecoming.Whilehehopesthathisactingcareerwillpickupsoon,inthemeantimeChuckisveryhappywithhispeoplewalkingbusiness.Afterall,it'sliterallyawalkintheparkanditpaysthebills.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了一位演员为了生活自创了一份新的工作——陪人们散步、遛弯。Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supplement”inParagraph1mean？Save.B．Increase.C.Change.D．Invest.答案：B词义猜测题。根据该句可知，这位演员需要第二份工作来支付他的账单，所以他想出了一个方法来增加他的收入。因此这里supplement是“增加”的意思。WhichserviceofThePeopleWalkerisn'tmentionedinthetext？Cheeringuptheclients.Accompanyingtheclients.Buyingtheclientsfood.Offeringasenseofsecurity.答案：C推理判断题。根据文中第四段第一句“Chuck'sservicesareaimedatpeoplewhoneedamotivationalboosttogowalking,thosewhodon'tfeelsafewalkingaloneinsomeareas,andthosewhoareafraidthatpeoplemightseethemwalkingbythemselvesandthinkthattheyhavenofriends.”可知，ThePeopleWalker可以提供的帮助是使顾客精神振奋，陪伴他们，给予安全感，没有提及给顾客买食物。WhydopeoplepreferChucktowalkwithoutwearingThePeopleWalkershir？tTokeepthewalkcomfortable.Toavoidbeingrecognized.Toattractmorenewfriends.Tokeepthemselvesalone.答案：A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句“However,headmitssomepeopleareabituncomfortablewiththispolicy,astheydon'tnecessarilywanteveryonetoknowthatthey'rebeingwalked.”可知，人们认为如果他穿着衬衣，会让别人知道他们找了peoplewalker，这样他们会感到不舒服，所以他们更喜欢他不穿这件衬衣。WhatdoweknowaboutChuckMcCarthyfromthetext？Hehaslostconfidenceinhisactingcareer.Hehopestofindexcitementinpeoplewalking.Hehasinspiredotherpeopletobemorecreative.Heearnsmoreasapeoplewalkerthanasanactor.答案：D推理判断题。根据文中最后一段可知，Chuck从事peoplewalker可以支付他的账单，而做艺人时则支付不起，所以做peoplewalker应该比做艺人挣得多。clientn.客户；顾客；委托人asenseofsecurity安全感motivationaladj.激发性的；动机的boostn.提高，增加；帮助vt.促进，推动第四段第一句：Chuck'sservicesareaimedatpeoplewhoneedamotivationalboosttogowalking,thosewhodon'tfeelsafewalkingaloneinsomeareas,andthosewhoareafraidthatpeoplemightseethemwalkingbythemselvesandthinkthattheyhavenofriends.译文：Chuck的服务对象是那些需要动力推动去散步的人，那些在某些地区独自行走感到不安全的人，以及那些害怕人们看到他们独自行走并认为他们没有朋友的人。分析：这是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，分别修饰先行词people,those,those。that引导宾语从句，分别作areafraid和动词think的宾语。专题强化训练（三）（1）（2019•河南八市重点联盟模考）Formostofherlife,SuanneLaqueur'spassionforstorytellingwasshownonthedancefloor.AlthoughLaqueurbeganwritingatayoungage,dancingalwaystookcenterstage.ShemajoredindanceandtheateratAlfredUniversityandtaughtathermother'sdancestudioinCrotononHudson,NewYork,foryears.ButwhenhermotherwasreadytoretireandanopportunityopenedforLaqueurtotakeoverthestudio,sherealizedshehadnointerestintakingonthebusinesssideofherart:“Owningastudioisalotofwork—financially,logistically.Ilovetheteaching,thechoreographing（编舞）,thestaging,butIdidn'twanttoownit.”YetLaqueur'sdisinterestinrunningthestudiochangedwhenshebecameaselfpublishedauthor.Inthefallof2013,shedecidedtopursueselfpublishingasawayofsharingherfirstcompletednovelwithfriendsandfamily.Duringtheprocess,sherealizedthatfollowinghertruepassion—tellingstoriesthroughwriting—madethebusinessoftheartworthwhile,andowningthatbusinessmeantshecoulddirectherwritingcareerhowevershechose.Startingwithhersecondselfpublishednovel,shebeganinvestingmoretimeinmarketingandbuildingheraudience.Herinvestmentpaidoff.Since2014,Laqueur,now49,hasselfpublishedsixnovels,whichcollectivelyhavehundredsofratingsandreviewsonGoodreads.Her2016novelAnExaltationofLarksstoletheshowatthe25thAnnualWriter'sDigestSelfPublishedBookAwards,toppingmorethan2,300entriestowinthegrandprize.“Youhavetowritethemosttruthfulstorytoyou,andIthinkselfpublishingallowsthatfreedom，”shesays.“Ifyouworkwithtraditionalpublishing,it'smoreaboutwhat'smarketable.Therearetradeoffs,whicheveryonewilltellyou,butbyselfpublishingIhavecontrolofthebook,Ihavecontrolofthestory,andI'mcoolwiththat.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了舞蹈演员SuanneLaqueur成功自助出版小说的经历。FromParagraph2,wecanlearnthatLaqueur.wantedtoownapublishinghousedidn'tliketeachingdancinginfactwasaparttimewriterwhenshewasyoungwasinterestedinrunninghermother'sstudio答案：C细节理解题。依据第二段第一句可知，尽管Laqueur小时候开始写作，舞蹈仍然是她的主要职业。由此可知她年轻时是一名业余作家。WhatmadeLaqueurchangeherattitudetobusiness？Hermother'spersuasion.Selfpublishinghernovels.Thedesiretomakemoney.Herownpassiontowardart.答案：B细节理解题。依据第三段第一句可知，当她自助出版自己的小说时，她对经营工作室的想法改变了。Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase“stoletheshow”inParagraph4？becameafailureB．wasshowntopeopleC.gotalltheattentionD．wasaccidentallystolen答案：C词义猜测题。由后半句“toppingmorethan2,300entriestowinthegrandprize”可知，她2016年的小说《云雀的崛起》获得第二十五届年度作家文摘自助出版图书奖。由此可推知，她的书获得了所有的关注，C项符合语境。WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatLaqueur'ssaid？Sheenjoysthewayofselfpublishing.Shewillneverusetraditionalpublishing.Traditionalpublishingonlyfocusesonthemarket.Selfpublishingwillreplacetraditionalpublishing.答案：A推理判断题。依据最后一段中的“Ithinkselfpublishingallowsthatfreedom...andI'mcoolwiththat”可知，她喜欢自助出版的方式。passionn.热爱logisticallyadv.在后勤方面marketableadj.畅销的；有销路的最后一段最后一句：Therearetradeoffs,whicheveryonewilltellyou,butbyselfpublishingIhavecontrolofthebook,Ihavecontrolofthestory,andI'mcoolwiththat.译文：每个人都会告诉你，任何事情都有利有弊，但是通过自助出版，我能把控整本书和故事的写作。分析：这是一个含有定语从句的并列复合句，but连接两个分句。在第一个分句中，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的tradeoffs。(2)(原创题)TipsforRunningintheMorningTherearesomanygreatreasonstoruninthemorning.It'sagreatwaytowakeupandwatchtheworldawakenwithyou.Thisisnottosuggestthatgettingintothehabitiseasy,especiallyifyou'renotamorningperson.Buttherearewaystoeaseyouintotheroutineandinwaysyoumayevenenjoy.♦TeachYourselfGoodSleepHabitsBuildingamorningrunninghabitstartswithagoodnight'ssleep.AccordingtotheAmericanSleepAssociation,youcantrainyourselftosleepatanearlierhourifyou：•Plantogotosleepatthesametimeeverynight.•AvoidTV,reading,orelectronicdevicesanhourbeforebedtime.•Avoidcoffeeoralcoholthreehoursbeforebedtime.•Haveanightlyroutine,suchasawarmbath,meditation（冥想）,orlisteningtocalmingmusic.♦SleepinYourRunningClothesIt'shardtoblowoffarunwhenyou'realreadydressedforit.Ifyoureallywanttogetajumpstartandfindmotivationassoonasyouopenyoureyes,simplywearyourrunningclothestobed.♦PutYourAlarmClockoutofReach？Whenyouralarmclockgoesoffearlyinthemorning,youmaywanttogetacoupleofmoreminutes'sleep.Ifyou'restrugglingtogetup,placethealarmclockacrosstheroomsothatyouhavetogetoutofbedtoturnitoff.Themorestepsyouputbetweenyouandthebed,thelesslikelyyouaretofallbackasleep.♦EatSmartItisnevergoodtorunonanemptystomach.Afteralongnight'ssleep,youhavelittletodrawuponinthewayofenergy.Ifyouheadoutthedoorhavingeatennothingatall,youwilllikelyexperiencetiredness,musclepain,shortnessofbreath,andweakness.Worstyet,youmayconvinceyourselfthatyou're“notmadeformorningruns，”when,infact,you'renotfeedingyourselfproperly.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有助于培养晨跑习惯的四种方法。Accordingtothewriter,whichisrightforbuildingamorningrunninghabit？Whentogotobedisnotsoimportant.Doingsomereadingjustbeforebed.Drinkingsomecoffeeorteatocalm.Justsittingtherethinkingnothingatall.答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，养成晨跑习惯从睡个好觉开始，再根据第二段最后一句中的“meditation”可知，睡前冥想有助于睡眠，从而有助于培养晨跑习惯。故选D。Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“blowoff”meaninParagraph3？Tobetakenawaybywind.Toberemovedbyexplosion.Toquitsomething.Togetoutofsomething.答案：C词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，当你前一晚上穿着跑步的衣服睡觉，第二天早上已经是穿戴齐全的时候，很难忘记跑步。故选C。Whatistherealpurposetoputthealarmclockaway？Inordernottobedisturbed.Togetafewmoreminutes'sleep.Inordertoprotectthealarmclock.Togetupassoonaspossible.答案：D推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Themorestepsyouputbetweenyouandthebed,thelesslikelyyouaretofallbackasleep.”可知，去关闹钟走的步数越多,越容易起床。所以把闹钟放远的真正目的是为了尽快起床，故选D。Whatistheworstresultofnoteatinganythingbeforemorningrunning？Feelingunfitforrunning.Feelingoutofbreath.Feelingveryhungry.Feelingextremelytired.答案：A推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“Worstyet,youmayconvinceyourselfthatyou're‘notmadeformorningruns'”可知，最坏的结果是，你可能会说服自己，你不适合晨跑。故选A。routinen.常规；正常顺序electronicdevices电子设备motivationn.动力,积极性outofreach够不着；力量不及第一段第三句：Thisisnottosuggestthatgettingintothehabitiseasy,especiallyifyou'renotamorningperson.译文：这并不是说养成这个习惯很容易,尤其是如果你不是早起的人。分析：这是一个主从复合句，if引导条件状语从句。主句中，that引导宾语从句，作suggest的宾语。(3)(2019・广州市模考)TheMonaLisaeffectdescribesthephenomenonwheretheeyesinaportraitseemtofollowthepersonlookingatit,nomatterwherethepersonstandsintheroom.TheeffectwasobviouslynamedafterLeonardodaVinci'sfamouspaintingfeaturingthewomanwiththemysterioussmileandthesteadystare.Butironically（讽刺地）,anewstudyfindsthatMonaLisamaynotbeallthatinterestedintrackingherobservers.TworesearchersfromBielefeldUniversityinGermanyfoundthatthefamoussubjectofthepainting,alsoknownas“LaGioconda”，isactuallylookingjustoveryourrightshoulder.Fortheexperiment,HorstmannandhisresearchassistantSebastianLothgatheredtwodozenparticipantstotakealookattheeyesofthepainting.Buttheydidn'tjustaskthemiftheythoughtMonaLisawaslookingtheirway.Insteadtheydisplayedpartofherfaceonacomputerscreen,thenaskedvolunteerstomeasureherstareusingacarpenter'srulerthatwasheldhorizontallybetweenthemandthescreen.Althoughthecomputerscreenandtheparticipantsstayedinthesamespot,therulerwasmovedcloserandfartherfromthescreenduringthetrial.Inaddition,theresearchersmodifiedthesizeofMonaLisa'sfaceandhowmuchofherfeatureswerevisibletoseeifthatchangedtheperceptionofherstare.Theimage