江苏省南京市、盐城市2023届高三年级第一次模拟考试.英语试题-含答案

南京市、盐城市2023届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题本试卷分选择题和非选择题两局部。共120分。考试用时120分钟。考前须知：答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号写在答题卡指定区域内。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一局部听力〔共两节，总分值20分〕第一节〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanmean? A.Shemustgohomenow. B.Shecanstayalittlelonger. C.Herparentsexpectalotofher.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheparty? A.It’ssuccessful. B.It’snotgood. C.It’stoonoisy.3.Whattimeisitnow? A.8:00. B.8:30. C.9:00.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhenshemeetswiththeman? A.Sad. B.Embarrassed. C.Unbelievable.5.Whowillpayforthedinner? A.Theman. B.Thewoman. C.TheywillgoDutch.第二节〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6至8题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Teacherandstudent. B.Bossandclerk. C.Interviewerandinterviewee.7.Whodoesthemanwant? A.Awaitress. B.Asecretary. C.Adirector.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman? A.Sheisstudyinginauniversitynow. B.Shehasnoworkingexperience. C.Shewillgetthejobatlast.听第7段材料，答复第9至11题。9.Wherearethespeakers? A.Inarestaurant. B.Inahotel. C.Inabank.10.Howmuchshouldthemanpay? A.￥206. B.￥216. C.￥260.11.Howwouldthemanliketopay? A.Bycash. B.Bycreditcard. C.Bycheque.听第8段材料，答复第12至14题。12.WheredidStevecomebackfromlastweek? A.FromAmerica. B.FromChina. C.FromJapan.13.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation? A.ThewomanwillvisitStevewiththeman. B.Thewomanshouldwearaformaldress. C.Themanwantstobuyabunchofroses.14.Howwilltheydealwiththeirkids? A.Asktheneighbortolookafterthem. B.Takethekidswiththem. C.Leavethekidsaloneathome.听第9段材料，答复第15至17题。15.Whoisthemantalkingto? A.Ateacher. B.Astudent. C.Alibrarian.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo? A.Limithissearch. B.Useatypewriter. C.Tryabroadertopic.17.Whatarticlescanbefoundinthe“Reader’sGuidetoPeriodicalLiterature〞?A.Newsarticles. B.Magazinearticles. C.Newspaperarticles.听第10段材料，答复第18至20题。18.Whydidthelittleboyopenthewindow? A.Tofeedanelephant. B.Totakesomephotos. C.Toenjoythesceneryoutside.19.WhatdoesNelsondo? A.Heisaguard. B.Heisapoliceman. C.Heisadoctor.20.Whatwillhappenatlast? A.Nelsonwillbepunished. B.Nelsonwillbeforgiven. C.Nelsonwillbegivenaglassofbeer.第二局部英语知识运用〔共两节，总分值35分〕第一节单项填空〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Thescientistdoesnotstudynature________itisusefultodoso.Hestudiesitbecausehetakespleasureinit. A.until B.though C.because D.unless22.—Mom!Jackhasbrokenacup!—Doesn’tmatter.Accidents________happen. A.should B.must C.will D.shall23.Homeis________somebodynoticeswhenyouarenolongerthere. A.that B.when C.how D.where24.—CouldyoupleaseexplaintheassignmentforMonday,MissSmith?—Certainly.Readthenextchapterandcometoclass________todiscusswhatyou’veread. A.preparing B.prepared C.toprepare D.tobeprepared25. A.contain B.maintain C.exclude D.include26.—Didyoustayatthepartyuntiltheveryendlastnight?—No,Ileftasearlyaswas________withpoliteness.A.content B.consistent C.patient D.permanent27.Believeitornot,yourshipisn’tquitesunk,astherearesomewaysto________anewcareerevenifit’ssomethingyou’veneverdonebefore. A.burstinto B.getthrough C.breakinto D.combthrough28.MauryBrownofForbesreportsthatMajorLeagueBaseball’sannual________for2023willtop$9billion. A.allowances B.revenues C.rates D.accounts29.—AlanseemsalottallerthanwhenIlastsawhim.—He________.He’sgrownafootsinceyousawhiminShanghai. A.is B.willbe C.hasbeen D.was30. A.who B.where C.when D.which31.Ontwooccasionshewasaccusedofstealingmoneyfromthecompany,butinneithercase______anyevidencetosupporttheclaims. A.wasthere B.therewas C.hadtherebeen D.therehadbeen32.Agreatdealofhotelbusinesscomesfrompeopletravellingnotjustforholidaysbutbypeopletravelling________theirbusinessactivities. A.inharmonywith B.inconflictwith C.byorderof D.byvirtueof33.Youarenot________tounemploymentbenefitifyouhaveneverworked. A.accustomed B.resigned C.entitled D.submitted34.Weguaranteethatallyourpersonalinformationwillbetreated________andthereshouldbenofearatallofidentitytheft.A.initially B.independently C.confidently D.confidentially35.—Ican’tbeartheairpollutioninthiscityanymore.Itisgettingworseandworse.—________!We’veneverhadsomanychemicalfactoriesbefore. A.Iwouldn’tbetonit B.Yousaidit C.Keepitup D.Comeoffit第二节完形填空〔共20小题；每题1分，总分值20分〕请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Everyoneenjoysafittingreply;itiswonderfultosaytherightthingattherighttime!WhenIwasaseniorinhighschool,I36knewIwantedtopursuewritingasacareer. Writinghadbasically37mewhenIwasonly7yearsold,38sincethattime,I’dbeenbombardedbyguidancecounselorsandcareerplannerswhoall39metohave“aback-upplan〞incasewritingdidn’tworkout. I’dnevereven40adifferentcareerpath,soIwasvery41andworried.Aftermuchthought,Idecided42wouldbemy“back-upplan,〞andIsignedupforaclassthroughmyhighschool. This43thateverymorning,Iwouldserveasateacher’shelperformyfavorite6thgradeteacher,Mr.Ralston.Morningaftermorning,IshowedupinMr.Ralston’sclassroomand44papersforhim. Sometimes,Ieven45alessonortwo.Itwasfun,andthestudentsseemedtolikeme,soIwassurprisedwhenitcametimeformy46.Mr.Ralstonlookedmerightintheeyesandasked,“Doyoureallywanttoteach?〞 “HadIreallybeenthat47?〞Ithought.48reallyinit?〞 “Notreally,〞I49.“Iwanttowrite.Iwanttowritenewsstoriesandfictionandpoetryandsomuchmore…butI’vebeentoldit’stoughtomakeitasawriter50IthoughtmaybeIwouldteachandthenusemysummers51topursuewriting.〞 AsIsharedwithMr.Ralstonmyhopes,dreamsandcarefullyplotted-outback-upplan,hesmiledandsaid,“Whyareyoupreparingto52withthisback-upplan?Ifyouwanttobeawriter,goforit!Pursuewriting!〞 Mr.Ralston’s53tofollowmydreamswasthelittlenudgeIneededtohelpmepushpastmy54ofnotmakingitasawriterandsimply“Goforit!〞 That’swhatanencouragingwordwilldowhenspokeninlovein55season.So,let’stryandbelikeMr.Ralstonandspeakthatwordofencouragementatjusttherighttimeandmakeadifferenceinsomeone’slifetoday.36.A.even B.never C.already D.also37.A.reminded B.entertained C.accompanied D.chosen38.A.or B.and C.for D.but39.A.urged B.forced C.taught D.persuaded40.A.created B.taken C.considered D.examined41.A.embarrassed B.confused C.annoyed D.frightened42.A.writing B.teaching C.studying D.compiling43.A.meant B.indicated C.suggested D.revealed44.A.read B.set C.graded D.composed45.A.reviewed B.skipped C.took D.presented46.A.application B.evaluation C.instruction D.qualification47.A.transparent B.shallow C.superior D.ambitious48.A.eye B.mind C.heart D.focus49.A.interrupted B.joked C.admitted D.apologized50.A.unless B.if C.because D.so51.A.up B.apart C.along D.off52.A.fail B.follow C.depart D.compete53.A.encouragement B.determination C.tendency D.attempt54.A.dreams B.fears C.regrets D.mistakes55.A.peak B.low C.due D.new第三局部阅读理解〔共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分〕请认真阅读以下短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInterstellarReleasedate:November7,2023Starring:MatthewMcConaughey,AnneHathaway,JessicaChastain,BillIrwin,EllenBurstyn,MichaelCaineWhenawormhole(whichtheoreticallycanconnectwidely-separatedregionsofspacetime)isdiscovered,explorersandscientistsunitetosetoutonavoyagethroughit,transcendingthelimitsofhumanspacetravel.Amongthetravelersisawidowedengineer(McConaughey)whohastodecidetoleavebehindhistwochildrentojointhevoyagewiththegoalofsavinghumanity.BigHeroReleasedate:November7,2023Starring:RyanPotter,SocttAdsit,T.J.Miller,JamieChung,DamonWayansJr.SetinafictionalmetropoliscalledSanFransokyo(aportmanteauofSanFranciscoandTokyo),ayoungroboticsgeniusnamedHiroHamadaandhisrobotBaymaxuncoveracriminalplotandputtogetherateamofinexperiencedcrime-fighters,includingWasabi,HoneyLemon,GoGoTomago,andFredtosolvethemysterysurroundingthecrime.TheHungerGames:MockingjayPart1Releasedate:November21,2023Starring:JeeniferLawrence,JoshHutcherson,LiamHemsworth,WoodyHarrelson,ElizabethBanks,HulianneMoore,JeffreyWright,JenaMalone,SamClaflin,PhilipSeymourHoffmanKatnissEverdeen(JenniferLawrence)findsherselfinDistrict13aftershedestroystheGamesforever.UndertheleadershipofPresidentCoin(JulianneMoore)andtheadviceofhertrustedfriends,KatnissspreadsherwingsasshefightstosavePeeta(JoshHutcherson)andanationmovedbyhercourage.PenguinsofMadagascarReleasedate:November14,2023Starring:TomMcGrath,ChrisMiller,BenedictCumberbatch,JohnMalkovichThePenguinsofMadagascarisaspin-offoftheMadagascarfilms.Theseriesfollowstheadventuresoffourpenguins:Skipper,Rico,Kowalski,andPrivate,whoperformvariousparamilitary-likemissionstoprotecttheirhomeintheCentralParkZoo.Thepenguinsoftenhavetodealwithproblemscaused,ormadeworse,byKingJulienXIII(aring-tailedlemur),Maurice(anaye-aye),andMort(amouselemur).56.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thevoyagethroughthewormholeisaconsiderablechallenge.B.Ateamofcrime-fightersuncoversacriminalplotinBigHero.C.PresidentCoinpushesKatnisstoprotestPeeta.D.PenguinshavetowrestlewithproblemsinDistrict13.57.Thesimilaritythatexistsinthefourfilmsisthat________.A.eachofthemisabranchoffilmseriesB.allofthemareconcernedwithpositiveenergyC.theyallhavethebestactorsandactressesintheworldD.thefourfilmsallhavesomethingtodowithexplorationBAccordingtofiguresreleasedbytheOfficeforNationalStatistics(ONS),theU.K.hasabout7.7millionfamilieswithdependentchildren,ofwhich3.7millionhavejustonechild,comparedto3millionwithtwoand1.1millionwiththreechildrenormore.Thenumberoffamiliestodaywithjustonedependentchildisnow47percentandwilllikelyrisetomorethan50percentinadecade.AstheONSconfirms,“Itappearsthatfamiliesaregettingsmaller.〞 Oneobviousreasonforthiscouldbethatwomenareputtingoffhavingchildrenuntiltheyhaveestablishedcareerswhentheyareboundtobelessfertile.Butitcouldjustaswellbeamatterofchoice.Parentsmustconsidertherisingcostofliving,combinedwitheconomicuncertaintyandanincreasinglydifficultjobmarket.Andthistrendmaycontinuegrowingashavinganonlychildbecomesmorenormal,whichseemstobethemoodonthemothers’onlineforumMumsnet,whereonememberannouncedthatshe“justwantedtostartapositivethreadabouthowfabitistohaveanonlychild〞.Shehadreceived231replies,overwhelminglyinthesameupbeatspirit.Parentsofonlychildreninsistthereareplentyofbenefits.NicolaKelly,awriterandlecturerwhogrewupasanonlychildandisnowamarriedmotherofone,saysher15-year-oldsonseemsmoregrown-upinmanywaysthanhiscontemporaries.Notallproductsofsingle-childfamiliesareaskeentorepeattheexperience.InamovingrecentaccountjournalistJaniceTurnerwroteaboutherownkeennessto“squeezeouttwosonsjust22monthsapart〞asareactiontoheronly-childupbringing.Shewasplacedonapedestalbyherdotingparents,whomshepunishedwitha“brattish,wilful〞rejectionofeverythingtheystoodfor.Desperateforaclosefriendshewasrepeatedlyshatteredbyrejectionandreferstoherchildhoodasbeing“misery〞.WriterandclinicianDr.DorothyRowe,amemberoftheBritishPsychologicalSociety,saysthatweallinterpreteventsinourownindividualwayandtherearesomechildrenwhonomatterwhattheircircumstancesfeelslighted,whileotherchildrenseetheadvantagesoftheirsituation.However,theonepartoflifethatisunlikelytogetanyeasierforonlychildreniswhentheygrowupandfindthemselveslookingaftertheirownparentsastheybecomeolder.58.Thepassageiswrittenwiththepurposeof________.A.illustratingthestrengthandweaknessofhavinganonlychildB.analyzingthereasonswhyhavinganonlychildbecomespopularC.presentinguswithdifferentopinionsabouthavinganonlychildD.guidingpeopletolookatthesameissuefromdifferentperspectives59.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4mean?A.Nearlyhalfoffamiliesintendtohavejustonechild.B.Allpeopledon’tstandfortheideaofhavinganonlychild.C.Somepeoplefailtorecognizetheadvantageofhavinganonlychild.D.Peoplebroughtupinanonlychildfamilyresistdownsizingthefamily.60.FromwhatDr.DorothyRowesaid,weknowthat________.A.journalistJaniceTurnerexperiencedamiserablechildhoodB.shehasapositiveattitudetowardsJaniceTurner’sreactionC.it’snecessaryforustolookattheeventfromourownangleD.someareunabletomakeanobjectiveassessmentoftheirconditions61.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.It’snormaltoseetheimperfectionincharacterinonlychildren.B.Mumsnetisanonlineforumwhichpromoteshavinganonlychild.C.Economicdevelopmentplaysadeterminingroleinthefamilysize.D.Onlychildrenwillhavedifficultyinattendingtotheirparents.CExerciseseemstobegoodforthehumanbrain,withmanyrecentstudiessuggestingthatregularexerciseimprovesmemoryandthinkingskills.Butaninterestingnewstudyaskswhethertheapparentcognitivebenefitsfromexercisearerealorjustaplaceboeffect—thatis,ifwethinkwewillbe“smarter〞afterexercise,doourbrainsrespondaccordingly?Theanswerhassignificantimplicationsforanyofushopingtouseexercisetokeepourmindssharpthroughoutourlives.Whilemanystudiessuggestthatexercisemayhavecognitivebenefits,recentlysomescientistshavebeguntoquestionwhethertheapparentlybeneficialeffectsofexerciseonthinkingmightbeaplaceboeffect.SoresearchersatFloridaStateUniversityinTallahasseeandtheForthenewstudy,whichwaspublishedlastmonthinPLOSOne,theresearchersrecruited171peoplethroughanonlinesurveysystem,theyaskedhalfofthesevolunteerstoestimatebyhowmuchastretchingandtoningregimens(拉伸运动)performedthreetimesaweekmightimprovevariousmeasuresofthinking.Theothervolunteerswereaskedthesamequestions,butaboutaregularwalkingprogram.Inactualexperiments,stretchingandtoningprogramgenerallyhavelittleifanyimpactonpeople’scognitiveskills.Walking,ontheotherhand,seemstosubstantiallyimprovethinkingability.Butthesurveyrespondentsbelievedtheopposite,estimatingthatthestretchingandtoningprogramwouldbemorebeneficialforthemindthanwalking.Theestimatesofbenefitsfromwalkingwerelower.Thesedata,whiletheydonotinvolveanyactualexercise,aregoodnewsforpeoplewhodoexercise.“Theresultsfromourstudysuggestthatthebenefitsofaerobicexercisearenotaplaceboeffect,〞saidCaryStothart,agraduatestudentincognitivepsychologyatFloridaIfexpectationshadbeendrivingtheimprovementsincognitionseeninstudiesafterexercise,Mr.Stothartsaid,thenpeopleshouldhaveexpectedwalkingtobemorebeneficialforthinkingthanstretching.Theydidn’t,implyingthatthechangesinthebrainandthinkingafterexercisearephysiologicallygenuine.Thefindingsarestrongenoughtosuggestthatexercisereallydoeschangethebrainandmay,intheprocess,improvethinking,Mr.Stothartsaid.Thatconclusionshouldencouragescientiststolookevenmorecloselyintohow,atamolecularlevel,exerciseremodelsthehumanbrain,hesaid.Italsoshouldencouragetherestofustomove,sincethebenefitsare,itseems,notimaginary,eveniftheyareinourhead.62.WhichofthefollowingabouttheplaceboeffectisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Itoccursduringexercise. B.Ithascognitivebenefits.C.Itisjustamentalreaction. D.Itisaphysiologicalresponse.63.Whydidtheresearchersatthetwouniversitiesconducttheresearch?A.Todiscovertheplaceboeffectintheexercise.B.Toprovethepreviousstudieshaveabigdrawback.C.Totestwhetherexercisecanreallyimprovecognition.D.Toencouragemorescientiststogetinvolvedintheresearch.64.WhatcanweknowabouttheresearchCaryStothartandhisteamcarriedout?A.Theyemployed171peopletotakepartintheactualexercise.B.Theresultoftheresearchremovedtherecentdoubtofsomescientists.C.Theparticipantsthoughtwalkinghadagreaterimpactonthinkingability.D.Theirconclusiondrivesscientiststodoresearchontheplaceboeffect.65.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Isitnecessaryforustotakeexercise? B.Howshouldpeopleexerciseproperly?C.Whatmakesussmarterduringexercise? D.Doesexercisereallymakeussmarter?DMum,it’sme.Hopefully,thisMotheringSundayyouwillgettohearthosethreewords.Iwill,ofcourse,trytophoneyou.Ihopewewillbeabletospeakfortheallowed10minutes.ButIsuspectmanyinmateswillbeusingthephone,soifIdon’tcallandifwedon’tspeak,thenthisiswhatIwouldhavesaid:It’snotyourfaultthatIamhere.Iknowthatdeepinyourheartyouhavequestionedwhethermycurrentcircumstanceissomehowyourfault,iftherecklessstupidityofmypastissomehowafailureonyourpart.Itisnot.Onlyonepersonistoblame,onlyonepersonshouldhurt—me.Youhavealwaystaughtmethatwhentheroomgoesdark,youcanwaitforthelightstobeswitchedbackonoryoucansearchinthedarkandturnthelightonyourself.Youaremylight.Youalwayshavebeenandalwayswillbe.ThereisnobodyIadmiremore,nobodyIhavestrivedhardertopleaseinmylife,whichiswhymycurrentfailurehurtsmesomuch.IamsosorrythatIwillnotbetheretoseeyou,butIwantyoutoknowthatnow,asalways,youareherewithme.Inmydarkesthours,andinthecoldestlonelinessofmypastfewmonths,mymindhassooftenwanderedtothepast,towhenitwasyouandme—andIhavebeenabletosmile.YoursisthestrengththatIdrawupon.Aparent’sjobistomakesurethattheypassonthebestofthemselvestotheirchildren.Youhavedonethat.Itistheinneryouinmethatwillgetmethroughthis.Ihavefailedyousoepically,butyouhaveneverfailedme.IfIthinkbacktothetearsIshedwhenDadleft,allthoseyearsago,Iseeyouthroughtheirmistyglaze.Youholdingmeandyoutellingmewe’dbeOK,andwewillbe.Weareandalwayswillbethebestteam.Childhoodheroessuchasfootballers,actorsandrockstarsareclichéd.Ifthejob’sdoneright,achild’sheroesshouldbetheirparents—youaremine.ThestrengthyoushowedafterthedivorcefromDadtofindyourbiologicalparents,togotouniversityandgetyourteachingqualifications,tobeginyourlifeagain,isthestrengththatIdrawonnow.Itisthebeliefinmyself,itisthebeliefyouhaveinme,thattellsmethatonceIamreleasedIcanandwillrebuildmylife.Iwillmakeyouproudagain.Iwillmakeyouhappytohavemeasyourson.Yoursisthewillthatgetsmethrougheveryday.Idon’tbelieveyoucanjudgeapersonforthemistakestheymake,asweallmakethem,butyoucanjudgethemforwhattheydoafterwards.Andafterthis,whenitisallover,youwillstillhaveasonwiththesamehopesanddreams.Theyhavenotdiminished.Ifyoucandreamit,thenyouhavetobelieveitcanhappen—right?SothisMotheringSunday,pleasethinkbacktothatmorninginthe80s,thefirstMother’sDaywithoutDad,whenasix-year-oldmegotupearlyandmadebreakfastforyou.Doyourememberit?Couldyoueverforget?Asliceofbreadadoorstepthickandawedgeofcheeseequallydense.Youdidn’thavetoeatit,butyoudid,chewingeverydrymouthful.Iknownowwhyyouforcedyourself—becauseithadbeenmadewithlove.Well,thingsdon’tchangethisyear—thisletteristhatbreadandcheese(itsurehasplentyofthecheese!).Iloveyousomuch.IamsorryIhaveletyoudown,butyouhavetaughtmethatwewillalwayspickourselvesupandbecomebetterthanwewerebefore.Thankyouforeverythingandthisyear,morethanever:HappyMotheringSunday.Love,yourson66.Accordingtothepassage,whatmadetheauthormostupsetatpresent?A.Losinghisfreedomtemporarily.B.Beingunabletophonehismother.C.Failingtoliveuptohismother’sexpectations.D.Havingnochancetospendtheweekendwithmother.67.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this〞inParagraph4referto? A.MotheringSunday. B.Darktime. C.Hismistake. D.Nearfuture.68.Whatdidtheauthordointhelonelinessofhispastmonths？A.Hesummedupthecausesofthefailureinhislife.B.Heplannedtohelphismotherfindherbirthparents.C.Herecalledthefondmemoriesofbeingwithhismother.D.Hepreparedhimselftogotouniversityforfurtherstudies.69.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“clichéd〞inParagraph6?A.Ridiculous. B.Liberal. C.Explicit. D.Common.70.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’smother?A.Selflessbutstubborn. B.Guiltybutdetermined.C.Selfishbutresponsible. D.Caringbutenvious.第四局部任务型阅读(共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分)请认真阅读以下短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。SimonSinekisnaturallyshyanddoesn’tlikespeakingtocrowds.Atparties,hesayshehidesaloneinthecornerordoesn’tevenshowupinthefirstplace.Heprefersthelatter.Yet,withsome22millionvideoviewsunderhisbelt,theoptimisticethnographeralsohappenstobethethirdmost-watchedTEDTalkspresenterofalltime.Sinek’sunlikelysuccessasbothaninspirationalspeakerandabestsellingauthorisn’tjustdumbluck.It’stheresultoffearsfacedanderased,trialanderrorandtirelesspractice,onandoffstage.Herearehissecretsfordeliveringspeechesthatinspire,informandentertain.Don’ttalkrightaway.Sineksaysyoushouldnevertalkasyouwalkoutonstage.“Alotofpeoplestarttalkingrightaway,andit’soutofnerves,〞Sineksays.“Thatcommunicatesalittlebitofinsecurityandfear.〞Instead,quietlywalkoutonstage.Thentakeadeepbreath,findyourplace,waitafewsecondsandbegin.“Iknowitsoundslongandtediousanditfeelsexcruciatinglyawkwardwhenyoudoit,〞Sineksays,“butitshowstheaudienceyou’retotallyconfidentandinchargeofthesituation.〞Showuptogive,nottotake.Oftenpeoplegivepresentationstosellproductsorideas,togetpeopletofollowthemonsocialmedia,buytheirbooksorevenjusttolikethem.Sinekcallsthesekindsofspeakers“takers,〞andhesaysaudiencescanseethroughthesepeoplerightaway.And,whentheydo,theydisengage.“Wearehighlysocialanimals,〞saysSinek.“Evenatadistanceonstage,wecantellifyou’reagiverorataker,andpeoplearemorelikelytotrustagiver—aspeakerthatgivesthemvalue,thatteachesthemsomethingnew,thatinspiresthem—thanataker.〞Speakunusuallyslowly.Whenyougetnervous,it’snotjustyourheartbeatthatquickens.Yourwordsalsotendtospeedup.LuckilySineksaysaudiencesaremorepatientandforgivingthanweknow.“Theywantyoutosucceedupthere,butthemoreyourush,themoreyouturnthemoff,〞hesays.“Ifyoujustgoquietforamomentandtakealong,deepbreath,they’llwaitforyou.It’skindofamazing.〞Turnnervousnessintoexcitement.SineklearnedthistrickfromwatchingtheOlympics.AfewyearsagohenoticedthatreportersinterviewingOlympicathletesbeforeandaftercompetingwereallaskingthesamequestion.“Wereyounervous?〞Andalloftheathletesgavethesameanswer:“No,Iwasexcited.〞Thesecompetitorsweretakingthebody’ssignsofnervousness—clammyhands,poundingheartandtensenerves—andreinterpretingthemassideeffectsofexcitementandexhilaration.Whenyou’reuponstageyouwilllikelygothroughthesamething.That’swhenSineksaysyoushouldsaytoyourselfoutloud,“I’mnotnervous,I’mexcited!〞Saythankyouwhenyou’redone.Applauseisagift,andwhenyoureceiveagift,it’sonlyrighttoexpresshowgratefulyouareforit.ThisiswhySinekalwaysclosesouthispresentationswiththesetwosimpleyetpowerfulwords:thankyou.“Theygaveyoutheirtime,andthey’regivingyoutheirapplause.〞SaysSinek.“That’sagift,andyouhavetobegrateful.〞PassageoutlineSupportingdetails(71)▲toSimonSinek●Heisby(72)▲shyanddislikesmakingspeechesinpublic.●Throughhis(73)▲effort,heenjoysgreatsuccessingivingspeeches.Tipsondeliveringspeeches●Avoidtalking(74)▲foritindicatesyou’renervous.●Keepcalmandwaitafewsecondsbeforetalking,whichwillcreatean(75)▲thatyouareconfident.●Trytobeagiverratherthanatakerbecausein(76)▲withataker,agivercangetmorepopularandaccepted.●Teachaudiencesomethingnewthattheycan(77)▲from.●Speakabitslowlyjusttohelpyoustaycalm.●Neverspeedupwhilespeakingincaseyou(78)▲theaudience.●Switchnervousnesstoexcitementby(79)▲theexampleofOlympicathletes.●Expressyour(80)▲totheaudiencefortheirtimeandapplausetoconcludeyourspeech.第五局部书面表达〔总分值25分〕81.请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Duringwinter,theskyisstilldarkat6:30a.m.whenthefirst-yearstudentsinTradeandMan