（精品讲义）UNIT3SECTION4word版含答案22

14/1413/14/过去完成时[语法初识]原句感知自主探究①Bythe1920s,hehadbecomeanexplorer,searchingforthetombsoftheEgyptiankings.②IreturnedthebookthatIhadborrowed.③Upontheirenteringthetomb,Cater'sluckypetbird,whichhehadleftinCairo,wasswallowedbyasnake.④Then,afewmonthsafterCarterhadopenedthetomb,LordCarnarvon,whowasalsopresentwhenthetombwasopened,fellillwithafeveranddiedinEgypt.⑤Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince1949.⑥Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallycame.(1)过去完成时的构成：had＋过去分词。(2)过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”如句①②③④。(3)过去完成时可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻，如句⑤⑥。[语法剖析]语法点一过去完成时1.构成：had＋过去分词2．用法(1)过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态。可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可通过上下文来表示。Whenhehurriedtothestation，thetrainhadalreadyleft.当他匆忙赶到车站时，火车早已开走了。Bynineo'clocklastnight,wehadgotten200picturesfromthespaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200张飞船发来的图片。[即时演练1](1)用所给动词的适当形式填空①Ihad_finished(finish)myhomeworkbeforesupper.②Theplayhadalreadystarted(start)whenwegottothetheatre.③BytheendofJunetheyhad_treated(treat)over10,000patients.④Hehad_collected(collect)enoughevidenceuptothatday.(2)(2015·北京高考)—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn'shouse?really.She________really.She________uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.A．wastogiveB．hadgivenC．wasgivingD．wouldgive解析：选B句意：“你找到安的家有困难吗？”“不是很难。她给了我们很清楚的指引，我们很容易就找到了。”根据问句可知，“找到安的家”这件事发生在过去，而“给出(give)指引”应该是发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时态，所以答案为B。(2)表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for,since构成的时间状语连用。Hesaidthathehadbeenabroadfor3years.他说他在国外待了3年。[即时演练2]完成句子①他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。Hehad_learned_English_for_eight_yearsbeforehewenttoEnglandforfurtherstudy.②他说自改革开放以来他的家乡发生了巨大的变化。Hesaidgreat_changes_had_taken_placeinhishometownsinceChinacarriedoutreformandopeningpolicies.(3)动词think,want,hope,mean,plan,intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。Wehadhopedtobeabletocomeandseeyou.我们本来希望能来看看你。[即时演练3]单句改错①Iplannedtomeetyouattheairport,butsomeonecametoseemejustwhenIwasabouttoleave.planned_前加had②Iwantedtolendyousomemoney,butyoudidn'task.wanted_前加had(4)过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。Hesaidthathehadknownherwell.他说他很熟悉她。[即时演练4](1)用所给动词的适当形式填空①Hetoldmethathisteamhadalreadywon(win)．②Shesaidthatshehadn't_gone(notgo)totheGreatWallyet.(2)(2015·安徽高考)JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedI________mybookinthecafe.A．haveleftB．hadleftC．wouldleaveD．wasleaving解析：选B句意：就在我到达学校门口的时候，我意识到我把书忘在咖啡馆里了。realized是发生在过去的动作，而leave这一动作又发生在realized这一动作之前，是过去的过去，因此用过去完成时。(5)在状语从句中，在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。常由when,before,after,assoonas,till/until引导。WhenIwokeup,ithadalreadystoppedraining.我醒来时雨已停了。[名师点津]before,after引导的时间状语从句中，由于before和after本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句多用一般过去时。AfterhearrivedinEngland,MarxworkedhardtoimprovehisEnglish.马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。[即时演练5]完成句子①她直到把工作做完才睡觉。Shedidn't_gotobeduntilshehad_finishedherwork.②读完那本有趣的小说之后，我就上床睡觉了。I_went_to_bedafterIfinishedreadingtheinterestingnovel.③不久他就安然无恙地回来了。It_was_not_long_beforehecamebacksafeandsound.(6)过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...,nosooner...than...,Itwasthefirst(second...)time(that)...等固定句型中。Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenoutofworkthatyear.这是他那一年第三次失业了。[名师点津](1)hardly/nosooner位于句首时，主句用倒装结构。(2)在Itisthefirst/second...timethat...中，从句谓语动词要用现在完成时。[即时演练6](1)用所给动词的适当形式填空①ItisthesecondtimethatIhave_visited(visit)China.②ItwasthefirsttimeIhad_gone(go)abroad.(2)句型转换①IhadhardlyseenherwhenIgotoffthebus.→HardlyhadIseenherwhenIgotoffthebus.②Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanhewentawayagain.→Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.语法点二现在完成时与过去完成时的区别1.现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常被用来表示与现在仍有关系的过去的事或物。Hehasjoinedthearmy.他已参军了。HehasleftShanghaiandgonetoQingdao.他已离开上海，去青岛了。2．过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，即表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，是以过去某一时间为基准。HehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolbeforehecamehere.他来这儿之前在一所中学教英语。Hegothomeandsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthiskeyinthecar.他回到家，突然意识到他把钥匙落在车上了。[即时演练7](1)用所给动词适当形式填空①Shehad_been(be)illforaweekbeforeshecameback.②Shehas_been(be)illforaweek.(2)(2014·陕西高考)DuringhisstayinXi'an,Jerrytriedalmostallthelocalfoodshisfriends________.A．wouldrecommendB．hadrecommendedC．haverecommendedD．wererecommending解析：选B句意：在他待在西安期间，杰瑞几乎品尝了他朋友推荐的所有当地食物。根据句意可以判断出，recommend这一动作发生在tried这一动作之前，所以要用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故答案为B。(3)(山东高考)Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildren________everything!A．hadbeeneatingB．hadeatenC．haveeatenD．havebeeneating解析：选B由句意可知孩子们“吃光东西”是发生在她“吃惊地发现”之前，而“吃惊地发现”用一般过去时，故“吃光东西”应为过去的过去，即过去完成时。人物传记[技法指导]写人物传记，主要是对其生平、主要事迹和贡献进行介绍，使读者对他们有一个更为清晰和全面的了解。一、人物传记的一般结构1．介绍人物的出生时间、地点。2．介绍人物的主要经历、事迹或成就等。3．介绍人物的主要贡献或者地位。4．最后对人物作一定的评价。二、人物传记的写作顺序传记多采用时间顺序来组织材料，写作前可以根据获得的材料列一个简单的写作提纲，将值得写的内容列出来，然后进行筛选。三、人物传记的常用时态介绍人物的生平事迹和成就等主要以一般过去时为主，对人物的评价常用一般现在时。[黄金表达]①Hetookanactivepartinsocialactivitiesandbroadenedhishorizons.②Heshowedgreatinterestinpoliticsandmadeuphismindtohaveagoodknowledgeofit.③Hefinishedmiddleschoolin1965,afterwhichhewenttoPekingUniversity.④Itwasin1999thathebegantoworkasadoctor.⑤Hefellinlovewithscienceanddevotedhimselftoit.⑥Withthehelpofhisteacher,hemadegreatprogressinhisstudies.⑦Buthelivedahardlifebeforehebecameagreatsuccessasawriter.⑧Sostrong-mindedwashethathecouldkeepupuntilhesucceeded.⑨Thereisnodoubtthathemadegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofscience.⑩Hewasthoughttobeaveryimportantfigureinthisfield.[写作规范][题目要求]请你就以下表格所提供的信息用英语写一篇短文，简要介绍德国着名作曲家巴赫。姓名JohannSebastianBach生卒年代1685－1750生平1.生于德国埃森纳赫市(Eisenach)的一个音乐世家。9岁丧母，10岁丧父2.少年时期靠奖学金上学，1702年毕业，1703年成为一名小提琴手。此后创作了许多曲子3.晚年双目失明仍坚持创作。1750年在莱比锡(Leipzig)去世评价伟大的作曲家，西方文化史上最重要的人物之一注意：1.词数：150左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[三步作文法]第一步：搜索词汇1．音乐的musical2．奖学金scholarship3．小提琴家violinist4．作(诗、曲)compose5．失明lose_one's_sight6．创作create7．作品works8．作曲家composer9．阻止某人做某事discourage_sb.from_doing_sth.10．继续做某事keep_on_doing_sth.11．在……历史上in_the_history_of_...第二步：由词造句1．九岁时，他失去了母亲，第二年他的父亲去世了。Attheageofnine,helosthismother,and_the_next_yearhisfatherdied.2．小时候，他靠奖学金上学，1702年毕业。When_(he_was)_young,_hewenttoschoolonascholarshipandgraduatedin1702.3．不幸的是，晚年他双目失明。Unfortunately,_helosthissightcompletelyinhislaterlife.4．然而，他仍坚持创作了很多作品。However,_hestillkeptoncreatingmanyworks.第三步：连句成篇JohannSebastianBachwasbornintoamusicalfamilyin1685inEisenach,Germany.Bachhadanunhappychildhood.Attheageofnine,helosthismother,andthenextyearhisfatherdied.When(hewas)young,hewenttoschoolonascholarshipandgraduatedin1702.Andthenin1703,hebecameaviolinist.Andfromthenon,hecomposedalotofworks.Unfortunately,helosthissightcompletelyinhislaterlife.However,thisdidn'tdiscouragehimfromworkingonmusic,andhestillkeptoncreatingmanyworks.BachdiedinLeipzigin1750.Asagreatcomposer,Bachisoneofthemostimportantpeopleinthehistoryofwesternculture.Ⅰ.单项填空1．(北京高考)Experimentsofthiskind________inboththeU．S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.A．haveconductedB．havebeenconductedC．hadconductedD．hadbeenconducted解析：选D考查时态和语态。主语experiments与谓语conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式；题干中出现theSecondWorldWar是过去的时间点，beforetheSecondWorldWar是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时的被动语态。2．Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople,whichI________tohalfadozenothergroups.A．wasgivingB．amgivingC．hadgivenD．havegiven解析：选C句意：我正在给一大群人做演讲，这个演讲我已经给六个其他团体做过了。说话人向halfadozenothergroups做演讲发生在向alargegroupofpeople做演讲之前，而此句前半句是一般过去时，所以后半句用过去完成时。3．(福建高考)Lastmonth,theJapanesegovernmentexpressedtheirthanksfortheaidthey________fromChina.A．receiveB．arereceivingC．havereceivedD．hadreceived解析：选D考查时态。由语境可知他们接到的援助发生在expressed之前，故用过去完成时。4．(江西高考)Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebody________intotheofficeduringthenight.A．brokeB．hadbrokenC．hasbrokenD．wasbreaking解析：选B考查时态。由上下文语境可知breakinto动作发生在found之前，故用过去完成时。5．(辽宁高考)BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hisson________fromcollege.A．graduatedB．hasgraduatedC．hadbeengraduatingD．hadgraduated解析：选D句意：到杰克从英国回家的时候，他的儿子已经大学毕业了。return所表示的动作发生在过去，graduate所表示的动作发生在他回家之前，是“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时态。6．ThemomentIgothome,IfoundI________myjacketontheplayground.A．hadleftB．leftC．haveleftD．wasleaving解析：选A句意：我一到家就发现我的夹克衫忘在操场上了。动作发生在我回家之前，为过去的过去，故用过去完成时。7．—Haveyousenttheparcel?—Notyet.Thepostoffice________whenIgotthere.A．havealreadyclosedB．closedC．hadalreadyclosedD．wasclosed解析：选C考查动词时态。答语句意：还没有，当我到那儿时邮局已经关门了。由语境可知，close表示的动作发生在got表示的动作之前，故应用过去完成时。8．—Whereisyournewhomenow?—Inthenewdevelopedzone.ButI________downtownforfiveyears.A．havelivedB．hadlivedC．livedD．wasliving解析：选C由答语句意可知，我住在市区是发生在过去的动作，和现在没有关系，故用一般过去时。9．Hesaidthathisbike________stolenandhe________telephonethepolice.A．is;wouldhavetoB．has;willhavetoC．hasbeen;willhavetoD．hadbeen;wouldhaveto解析：选D考查动词时态及语态。句意：他说他的自行车被偷了，他要给警察局打电话。由语境可知，此处hesaid为主句，that引导宾语从句，根据时态对应的原则可知D项正确。10．—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTomcametoseeyou?—I________onmyovercoatand________tovisitafriendofmine.A．havejustput;leavingB．wasput;wasleftC．hadjustput;wasleavingD．wasputting;left解析：选C考查动词时态。句意：“汤姆来看你时你在做什么？”“我刚穿上大衣正要去看我的一位朋友。”本句实际上是“haddone＋and＋was/weredoing＋when＋一般过去时”结构，when用作并列连词，意为“刚做完一件事并正在/正要做某事，这时，另一件事发生了”。11．—Whatamistake!—Yes,I________hisdoingitanotherway,butwithoutsuccess.A．wassuggestingB．willsuggestC．wouldsuggestD．hadsuggested解析：选D句意：“多么严重的错误呀！”“是的，我曾经建议他换个方法做，但他没听。”我提建议发生在他犯错误之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。12．Thepasttwoyears________asharpriseinoilprice,whichaddstotheburdenofautotransportationindustry.A．witnessedB．haswitnessedC．iswitnessingD．witnesses解析：选B句意：过去的两年见证了油价的剧烈上涨，这增加了汽车运输业的负担。thepasttwoyears“过去的两年里”，表示到目前为止，所以用现在完成时。13．Beforethefirstnonstopflightmadein1949,it________necessaryforallplanestolandforrefueling.A．wouldbeB．hasbeenC．hadbeenD．wouldhavebeen解析：选C句意：在第一架直达飞机1949年被制造出来之前，每一架飞机中途都要停下来加油。停下来加油的事情发生在1949年之前，当然应该用过去完成时。14．Thelettersfortheboss________onhisdeskbuthedidn'treadthemuntilthreedayslater.A．wereputB．wasputC．putD．hadput解析：选A根据句意“给老板的信放在桌子上，但他三天后才读”可知put和read两个动作按顺序发生，后一句用一般过去时，所以前面也用一般过去时。letters是被放在桌子上，所以选A。15．—HaveyoufinishedreadingJaneEyre?—No,I________myhomeworkalldayyesterday.A．wasdoingB．woulddoC．haddoneD．do解析：选A此题考查时态。句意：“你读完了JaneEyre吗？”“没有，我昨天一整天在做家庭作业”，故选A。Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空1．WhenIarrived(arrive)atthestation,hehadleft.2．ShedidnotgotoQingdaobecauseshehad_been(be)therebefore.3．Theteacherquicklywipedoffthewordshehad_written(write)ontheblackboard.4．Dannyhas_worked(work)hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.5．Ihad_been(be)theremorethananhourwhenheappeared.6．Herememberedhehad_left(leave)thekeyattheoffice.7．ItwasoneofthemostwonderfulconcertsIhad_heard(hear)．8．Ihad_wanted(want)tohelpbutcouldnotgetthereintime.Ⅲ.语法与写作(完成句子)1．我们前天本打算来看你的。Wehad_intended_to_comeandseeyouthedaybeforeyesterday.2．到昨晚10点钟，我们已完成了大部分工作。Byteno'clocklastnight,wehad_finished_most_of_the_work.3．当公共汽车最终到来的时候，我已在车站等了30分钟。I_had_been_at_the_bus_stopfor30minuteswhenabusfinallycame.4．我离开北京至少有3个月了。ItwasatleastthreemonthssinceIhad_left_Beijing.5．那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。ItwasthefirsttimethatI_had_chatted_onlineinEnglish.[对应学生课下能力提升(十一)]Ⅰ.单项填空1．—Howdoyoufindtheendofthefilmlastnight?—Idon'tfinditsurprising,becauseI________thenovelofthesamenamebeforeIsawthefilm.A．readB．havereadC．hadreadD．wasreading解析：选C考查时态。句意：“你觉得昨天晚上看的那部电影的结局怎么样？”“我并不觉得这个结局令人吃惊，因为我在看电影前已经看了同名小说。”看小说的动作发生在看电影的动作之前，故此处应用过去完成时态。2．I________togoforawalk,butsomeonecalledandIcouldn'tgetaway.A．wasplanningB．plannedC．hadplannedD．wouldplan解析：选C考查动词时态。由后一分句中的called可知应用hadplannedtodosth.表示“(过去)本打算做某事”，C项符合题意。3．—Let'shurry.Thelectureistobegivenintenminutes.—Oh,Ithoughtthatwe________it.A．missesB．missingC．havemissedD．hadmissed解析：选D考查时态。理解语境可知，句意要表达的是：我本来以为错过了这个讲座的。miss这个动作应该在think之前发生，因此用过去完成时正确。4．John,afriendofmine,whogotmarriedonlylastweek,spentD|S3,000morethanhe________forthewedding.A．willplanB．hasplannedC．wouldplanD．hadplanned解析：选D句意：我的一个朋友约翰，上个星期才结的婚，为了婚礼他花了3000美元，比他计划的要多得多。plan这一动作发生在spend之前，是过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。5．Theyounggirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.She________before.A．hasn'tflownB．didn'tflyC．hadn'tflownD．wasn'tflying解析：选C句意：在飞机上，那个坐在我旁边的小女孩非常紧张，她以前从未坐过飞机。before通常与完成时连用，再结合前面的was可判断C项正确。句中sittingnexttomeontheplane是后置定语，修饰theyounggirl。6．—ThelocalpeopleseemedtohaveknownthenewswhenIarrivedthere.—Really?Who________thenewsbeforeus?A．gaveoutB．hasgivenoutC．hadgivenoutD．wasgivingout解析：选C考查时态。理解语境可知，“发布消息”发生在“我们到达那儿之前”，所以是过去的过去，用过去完成时表示，故正确答案为C项。7．He________theLouvreMuseumregularlywhenhewasinParis.A．wasvisitingB．visitedC．hasvisitedD．hadvisited解析：选B考查时态。根据“whenhewasinParis”可知，visit的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时态。8．Thatdinnerwasthemostexpensivemealwe________.A．wouldhaveB．havehadC．hadD．hadeverhad解析：选D定语从句的先行词由最高级修饰时，定语从句的时态用完成时，由于主句的时态是一般过去时，所以此处应用过去完成时。9．—DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?—Yes,hedid.He________hisoldfriendsforalongtime.A．didn'tseeB．wouldn'tseeC．hasn'tseenD．hadn'tseen解析：选D句意：“艾伦昨天见到他的老朋友们高兴吗？”“是的，他非常高兴。(在那之前)他已经好长时间没见到他的老朋友们了。”foralongtime与完成时连用，且前一句用了一般过去时，故此处用过去完成时。10．Theybecamefriendsagainthatday.Untilthen,they________toeachotherfornearlytwoyears.A．didn'tspeakB．hadn'tspokenC．haven'tspokenD．haven'tbeenspeaking解析：选B句意：那天他们又成为朋友了。直到那时，他们几乎有两年彼此没有说话了。到过去某个时间为止完成的动作，用过去完成时来表示。Ⅱ.阅读理解ThemountainclimberBobbywasfamousforhisattemptstoclimbthebigsnowymountain.Hehadtriedatleastthirtytimes,buthadalwaysfailed.Hebeganatagoodpace,focusingonthesnowysummit(峰顶),imaginingthebeautifulviewandthesenseoffreedomupthere.Butashewenton,hewastiredout,andmoreoftenhewouldlookathisworn-outshoes.Finally,whenthecloudshadgatheredroundhim,hecouldnotseethesummit,andheunderstoodthathewouldn'tbeabletoenjoytheviewfromthesummitthatday.Onetimehewentupthemountainaccompanied(陪伴)byoldPeeper,thetownoptician(眼镜商),whosawhisfailure.ItwasPeeperwhomostencouragedBobbytotryagain,andhepresentedhimwithapairofspecialsunglasses.“Ifitstartscloudingover,puttheseglasseson,orifyourfeetstarthurting,putthemontoo.Thesearespecialglasses;they'llhelpyou.”Bobbyacceptedthegiftwithoutgivingitmuchmind,butwhenhisfeetstartedhurtingagainherememberedwhatPeeperhadsaid,andheputontheglasses.Thepainwasprettybad,butwiththosenewsunglasseshecouldstillmanagetoseethesnow-coveredsummit;sohecontinued.Thecloudsgathered,butthistimehecouldstillseethesummitthroughtheclouds.SoBobbykeptclimbing,leavingthecloudsbehind,forgettinghispain,andhefinallyarrivedatthesummit.Bobbylookedmorecloselyatthesunglasses,andunderstoodeverything.Peeperhadmadealightimageontheglasses,intheformofthesnow-coveredsummit.Itwasmadeinsuchawaythathecouldonlyseeitifhelookedupwards.语篇解读：Bobby多次登峰失败，仅仅是因为看不到目标；一副神奇眼镜帮他实现了梦想。1．Bobbyfailedmanytimesbecause________.A．helostsightofhisgoalB．hisshoeswerewornoutC．hewastootiredtoclimbD．heclimbedslowlyverymuch解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知，每当云起时，登山途中的Bobby无法看清顶峰，便逐渐失去了攀登的信心。2．PeepergaveBobbyapairofsunglassesinorderto________.A．protecthiseyesB．showhiskindnessC．helphimseefartherD．inspirehimtogoon解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知，特制的眼镜可以让Bobby看到“顶峰”，从而使他受到鼓舞，爬到顶峰。3．WhatdidBobbythinkoftheglasseswhenheacceptedthem?A．Hedidn'tliketheglassesatfirst.B．Hedidn'tthinkmuchaboutthem.C．Hethoughttheywerespeciallymade.D．Hethoughttheywouldbringcouragetohim.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Bobbyacceptedthegiftwithoutgivingitmuchmind...”可知，Bobby刚拿到眼镜时并没有多想。4．Theunderlinedword“image”inthelastparagraphmeans“________”．A．treeB．cloudC．pictureD．brand解析：选C词义猜测题。根据下文“...intheformofthesnow-coveredsummit.Itwasmadeinsuchawaythathecouldonlyseeitifhelookedupwards.”可知，Peeper在镜片上印了山峰的“图案”，只要带上眼镜，就能看到顶峰。5．Whichofthefollowingcanbestbeusedtodescribethestory?A．Dreaminmind,successinhand.B．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C．Difficultiesmakelifeworthliving.D．Abadbeginningmakesabadending.解析：选A主旨大意题。Bobby多次登峰失败，都是因为看不到目标，一副神奇的眼镜帮助他看清终点，并最终爬上顶峰。故事告诉我们：要有明确的目标，才能获得成功。Ⅲ.任务型阅读Goodstudyhabitswillcontributetoasuccessfulacademicfuture.Goodstudyhabitsleadtogoodgrades,andgoodgradesleadtoapplicationsforbettercollegesanduniversities.Thisinturnwillleadtoagreatcareer.Tobesuccessful,thefirstthingyouneedtodoistotakeresponsibilityforyouractions.Youaretheonlyonewhocandecideyourownimportantthingsandhowtouseyourtime.Youractionstodaywilldecidewhatwillhappentomorrowandeveninthenearfuture.Yoursuccessrestsinyourownhands.Donotbeinfluencedbyothers.Bealeader,notafollower.Donotallowyourfriendstotellyouwhatisimportant.Keepfriendswholeadyoutowardsyourgoals,notawayfromthem.Themostimportantthingtolearntosucceedintheclassroomistomakefulluseofyourtimeoutsidetheclassroom.Reviewyourclassnotesandtheproperchapters(章节)inyourtextbooks.Differentpeopleworkbetteratdifferenttimes.Somestudentsworkbetterinthemorning,whilesomecanstudybetterintheafternoon,oratnight.Nightlyreviewofyournotesisagreatideaandwillhelpyouunderstandyourlessonstoamuchgreaterdegree.Thisreviewwillsavetimeinthelongrun.Ifyoustudyinthemorning,plantostudyyourhardestsubjectsfirst.Ifyouprepareforyourlessonsinadvance,youwillbemorerelaxedinclasses.Setthemoreimportantthingsintoyourplan,haveato-dolistandputthemostimportantprojectfirst.Oncethisisdone,movetothesecondmostim