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考博作文资料背诵版(考试后整理)第一部分:写作的基本类型1.ﻩ体育类:competition,stamina,victory,glory,honor,achievement,dedication2. 工作类:cooperation,commitment,devotion,talent,ability,ﻩ3.ﻩ环保类:environment,resources,ecologicalbalance,speciesextinction,4.ﻩ传媒:electronicmedia,on-lineaddict,communication,ﻩ5. 老年人:elders,seniorcitizens,retiredpeople ﻩ6.ﻩ交通方式:meansoftransportation,publictransit,trafficjams,accidents7. 娱乐:entertainment,diversion,recreation,leisureactivities,arelaxedlife8. 教育:education,sustainabledevelopment9.ﻩ文化:culture,convention,tradition,integrity,wisdom,intelligence,heritage第二部分基本策略第一个模板策略1:支持或者反对:There’sasolidreasonforthestatementthat重要/获益/有害/不获益次段:因素/举例:Clearly,asIcanseeit,主题词playsakeyrole(threatenstodomoreharmthangood)inoursociety,sowearesupposedtoemphasizeitsimportance(threat)inoureverydaylife.Onereasonisthatbydoingso,itispossibleforusto延伸and延伸.Theotherreason(example)isthatwearemorelikelyto延伸and延伸.Soitissafetosaythatthecentralposition(potentialthreat)of主题词cannotbeignored.三段:让步比较/建议整改:Somepeoplemightpointoutthat延伸,hencetheconclusionthat延伸.Evensuchpossibilityexists,itdoesn’truncountertothestatementthat第二段观点.Suchaconclusionmightbeconservative,butitismorerealistic,persuasiveandconvincing.四段:整改措施:Inthisissue,researchersandexpertsaresupposedtotakeconcretesteps:whateverapproachtheytake,afeedbackmechanismiscentralofallthings.Foranotherthing,journalistsareobligedtoremindpeopleofthecentralpositionof主题词andthepotentialharmof主题词.Asforthecitizens,itisimportantforthemtowatchoutforthemisconducts,extendingtheirhelpinghandsandfosterrationalvalues.Butthebestpolicyforthemistolearnself-control.修正了的第二个模板策略2:既不支持、也不反对:Tosimplifytheissuethatwhetherweshould…,onehastotaketwoaspectsintoconsiderationandgiveeachofthemdueattention,oneofthembeing名词,theotherbeing名词.次段:因素举例:Clearly,asIcanseeit,主题词playsakeyroleinoursociety,sowearesupposedtoemphasizeitsimportanceinoureverydaylife.Onereasonisthatbydoingso,itispossibleforusto延伸and延伸.Theotherreasonisthatwearemorelikelyto延伸and延伸.Soitissafetosaythatthecentralpositionof主题词cannotbeignored.三段:平衡比较:Despitethestatementthat总结第二段,there’retwothingstonote.Onepossibility(example)isthat延伸.Theother(instance)isthat延伸.Somereadersmightthinkthattheyareexceptions,buttheydoexistinoursocietyandequallydeserveourattention.四段:Tosumup,itcanbeconcludedthatwhile第三段观点,第二段观点.Suchaconclusionmightbeconservative,butitismoreconvincing,realisticandpersuasive.第三部分:第二段和第三段的写作思绪1)重要有害要重视;2)挣钱省时担责任;3)方便快捷要安全;4)娱乐要注意健康;5)帮助别人成就自我;6)遵守法律和道德;7)发展兼顾文化环境第四部分延伸句写作延伸句的基本理念:ﻩThere’re,ofcourse,fivegroundswithwhichapassageiscensured,thatis,itisimpossible,irrational,inconsistent,immoralandtechnicallyatfault.ﻩﻩ ﻩ ﻩ ﻩ ﻩ ﻩﻩ ﻩ-Aristotle 一篇文章受到质疑,共有五大因素:不也许、不合理、不一致、不道德、技术上有缺陷。 ﻩ ﻩﻩ ﻩ ﻩﻩ ﻩ-亚里斯多德写作经验1:尽量单点延伸,不要什么都说,沿着“态度-行为-结果-影响”模式展开。写作经验2:容易不要吐露“利大于弊”这类说法,这样会带来更多的模板背诵。写作经验3:实证写作,二三段内容具体,最没有模板痕迹。写作经验4:注意以下题材:1)时尚、2)广告、3)环境Moneyisimportant,andthenmanypeoplegiveprioritytoitsrole.Bydoingso,they(always/sometimes/hardly/seldom)行为延伸workintheirsparetimeandmakegoodmoney.Foranotherthing,itispossibleforthemtopayfortheirlivingcost. ﻩ ﻩ延伸句写作的说法态度→行为→结果→影响一、挣钱物质(选三)(养老、兼职工作)benefitgreatly(little)from主题词becauseitsrewardishuge.可以从中获益,由于它的回报巨大obtain(purchase)somenecessitiessuchas(including)foodandclothes得到食品衣服beshelteredfrombadweatherordanger有地方住,能不受天气困扰,不受伤害Aseconomyimproves,morepeoplecanearnhandsomesalaryandobtainwell-paidpositions,enjoyapaidvacation.挣得丰厚的收入、得到好工作、享受带薪假期affordtheirlivingcostsuchashousing(roomrent房租),privatecars,tuitionfee,gas,carrepair,andmedicalcare:承受生活开销,例如买得起房(承受得起房租)车、上得起学、能修车(承受得起修车费)、能买油(承受得起油钱)、看得起病improvetheirlivingstandards改善生活水平,lead(live)aneasy,comfortableandpeacefullife过上舒适的生活,enjoytheirlateyears安享晚年tradeone’shonorfordirtymoney为钱失去尊严,breakacompany’s(national)rules违法乱纪,leakthebusinesssecretstothecompetitors不向竞争对手泄露商业机密,risktheirlivesformoney为了金钱铤而走险二、时间(选一)(娱乐、上网、专职兼职工作、疲劳驾驶、酒后驾驶)Theyoccupymuchtimethatshouldhavebeenspent(invested)ontheir(work)academicstudies占用很多本来应当花在学业上的时间stayuplateandneithersleepregularhoursnoreatsensibly熬夜、睡眠、饮食不规律Youngstersseldomconcentrateontheiracademicstudies学习精力不集中haveahardtimefinishingtheirassignment没有时间完毕学业failtofollowupthecourses学习跟不上graduallylosetheirmotivationtopursuestudy失去学习爱好getpoortestresults考试不及格indulgeincomputergames沉溺于电脑游戏,liveinaworldfulloffantasies生活在充满虚幻的世界里,escapefromreality逃避现实,feellonely,beisolatedfromreality感到孤独,脱离现实havelittletimetostaywiththeirfamiliesorsocialize没有时间和家人呆在一起eitheridletheirtimeorwastemuchmoney:花费时间、浪费金钱,neithermakethemostoftheirsparetimenorearnenoughmoney既没有充足运用时间、也没有挣多少钱theyfeeldizzy,sufferfromheadache(backache),andhavedimsights头晕、头疼、视线模糊,becomedistractedandlessmotivated走神儿、萎靡不振、积极性不高,havelittletimetoreact没有时间反映三、责任(养老、公务员考试、反腐倡廉)Whenwe’reyoung,parentsbringhomebreadandbacon养家糊口(supportafamily),bringup(raise/nourish)thechildren养育子女Whenthey’reaging,weareobligedtotakecareofthem养老,respecttheeldersandlovetheyoung.尊老爱幼,setanexamplefortheyoungergeneration为年轻一代做出表率Theyareavoidingtheirdutiesandshiftthemtootherpeople.逃避责任,并把责任推卸给别人。keepsocialorder,维护社会秩序upholdsocialjustice,捍卫社会正义exposesocialevils,揭露社会邪恶crackdowncrimes:打击犯罪respecttheoldandlovetheyoung,尊老爱幼practicefilialpiety,恪守孝道blessthegoodandpunishtheevil,赏善罚恶protectthepropertyofthecitizens保护市民人身安全和财产安全safeguardthelegalrightsofcitizens捍卫公民的合法权益servethecitizenswithheartandsoul全心全意为市民服务shouldertheresponsibilityinsteadofshiftingthemtoothers承担责任providearangeofsocialservicessuchasmedicalinsuranceandlowincomesupport提供社会保障donatefood,clothesandmoneytothepeopleindifficulty.向陷入困境的人们捐献食品、衣服和金钱comfortpeoplewithgreetingandblessing给绝望的人以鼓励和祝福financiallysupportachildtofurtherhiseducation帮助一个贫困儿童继续上学assistthedisadvantagedgroupssuchasthepoor,thehomeless,thedisabledandtheseniors.帮助弱势群体四、方便:convenience,efficiency,entertainment(传媒:网络、手机、电视、报刊杂志、E-book)sendandreceiveE-mails收发信件playcomputergamesorchaton-line网上聊天haveanon-lineconference开网上会议,shop-online网购haveaneasyaccesstoobtain/downloadawealth(bulk)ofup-to-date(fresh/latest)informationfromsocialhighlights,breakingnewstoentertainmentsthroughGoogleandBaidu;通过谷歌和百度得到大量信息,涉及社会热点、爆炸性新闻和娱乐login,typeinourpasswords,accountnumber,andthenorderourfavoritegoodssuchasbooks,foods,andclothes.登录、输入密码和帐号,订购喜欢的商品如书籍、食品和衣服haveaneasyaccessto(download)Americansitcoms,(Hollywood)movies,on-linecoursesofHarvard,YaleandStanford,CNNon-linenews,audioandvideoprograms.网上新闻、音频、视频followupthebreakingnews(scientificdevelopment)aroundtheworld跟踪世界热点新闻beturnedintofreshmen,精力充沛、calmtheirnerveandrestoretheirsouls放松、恢复活力ThroughMSN,speedupcommunication,promotemutualunderstanding,shrinkthedistancebetweenindividuals(people)加快沟通、促进互相了解、拉近彼此的距离speedupcommunicationwithotherpeople,removethebarrier,enlargefriendcircle,extendtheirinformationsources,turnourselvesintofreshmen.扩大朋友圈、扩大信息源,网上聊天改善市民们间的沟通,消除了他们之间的障碍Thoughseldomdowemeettheleaderofacountry,participateinawarortraveltotheMoon,wecanstillobservesuchexperiencesthroughthephotosorlivereportsfromInternet.尽管我们没有碰到过国家领导人、参战或者去月球旅行,我们仍然可以通过图片和网上的现场报道观测到这种经历。五、快捷:(交通、城乡差距、要会说“很方便”)Convenience,efficiency,entertainmentWecanhaveaneasyaccesstoarichselectionofgoodsinashoppingmall,whilewithintenminutes,wecanreachacinemaonlytwostreetsawayfrommyhome.我们可以在商城里有丰富的商品可选;只需要十分钟,我们就能到达离家两街之隔的电影院。Wecanarriveatacyberbarwithinaten-minutewalk.AndwecansipacupofBlackiceinaStarbuck.只要十分钟步行就能到达一家网吧,可以在一家星巴克里饮用咖啡。Usuallyacityiswellequippedwithpostoffices,medicalcenters,schoolsandkindergardens.SoitisconvenientforacitydwellertocallEMS,haveaneasyaccesstomedicalcareortendtheirchildren.城市里有医疗中心、邮局、学校、幼儿园,很容易就能叫特快服务,医疗条件好,能照顾孩子。Acityisaplacewheremanyhighereducationalinstitutionsconcentrate.Theyprovidecitydwellerswithbettereducationalopportunities.在城市里面有很多高等教育机构,他们为城市居民提供多种教育机会。Manymuseumsarelocatedinacityandprovideaculturalsettingformanyvisitors.Peoplecanexpandtheiroutlookandextendtheirknowledgethere.城市里面还坐落着很多博物馆,提供应来访者良好的文化氛围中,人们在那里可以开阔眼界、增长知识。obtainmanyjobopportunities,earnhandsomesalary,obtainawell-paidposition得到工作机会、获得丰厚收入、找到好职位六、安全(旅游的注意事项、行车安全、网络)feelovertiredordizzy,sufferfromheadacheandhaveadimsight过度劳累、感到头晕、头疼、视线灰暗evenfallsleepwhiledriving开车时睡着了cannotconcentrateontheirdrivingbehaviorsandtheemergencyonthehighway.开车精神不集中,不能注意公路上的紧急情况。Whentheywakeup,theycanhavelittletimetoreact没有时间做出反映comeoffthetrackwhiledriving串道collidewithothervehicles其他车辆产生碰撞damagethevehiclesoftheirownandputotherpeople’slivesingravedanger,orviceversa毁坏车辆、人身安全受到威胁plungeintoatotallystrangeenvironment进入陌生环境(对什么都不习惯)、beoverchargedatawholesalemarket(atanoutlet/atanon-lineshop.)在批发市场挨宰Hotelreservationsorflightsaresometimescancelled,buttheclerksgivenoexplanation.航班、旅馆预订被取消,但是工作人员不解释getstuckintheairportbecauseofbadweatherordelayedflights由于航班延误和坏天气导致机场滞留watchoutforfoodpoisoning,robbery,theft,警惕食品中毒、抢劫、盗窃safeguardburglar,deceptionorfinancialfraud.警惕入室盗窃、诈骗和金融诈骗Sometimessomehackerswillbreakintoourcomputersystem(on-linebank),stealourpersonalinformation,passwordsandaccountnumbers.黑客闯入电脑并盗取密码leak(giveout)theirpersonalinformationsuchasID,cellphonenumbersandaddress泄露个人信息,如身份证、手机号码、住址,exposetheirprivacytothespotlight隐私曝光,puttheirpropertyandpersonallivesingravedanger(骗钱骗色)将自身财产、隐私和生命处在巨大的危险中beinvadedbysomecomputerviruses(ahacker),oursystemwibablycrash,Someimportantfileswillbedeleted.病毒侵入电脑、瘫痪系统、文献被删除Sometimeswhenyourordergoodsfromawebsite,youoftenfindthatthedeliveredproductsdon’tmeetyourrequirements(thedeliveredgoodsarenotuptoyoustandards).当你从网页上订货时,你会发现送来的商品不合乎你的标准。Worsestill,yousoonfindthatitisbarelypossibleforyoutocancelyourorder,rejecttheproducts,askforfullamountofrefundorlodgeacomplianttotheConsumersAssociation.更糟糕的是,你会发现几乎不也许取消订货或者不要这个商品、规定全额退款或者去消费者协会投诉。七、娱乐方式(娱乐、教育、旅游、养宠物、时尚)炫富strollonthemainstreet逛街、gowindowshopping只看不买,gohiking,singsongsatKTV,orclimbahills远足、慢跑idletimeandgetawayfromone’sdailygrind打发时间、从无聊的生活中解脱出来Itcanbroadenone’sviews,whileitcanalsoextendhisknowledge,enrichhisexperienceanddrawonexperiencesfromotherpeople.开阔眼界、增长知识、丰富阅历,从别人那里吸取经验教训onecanavoidspiritsink避免精神颓废getawayfromone’sdailygrind摆脱无聊生活,calmone’snerve放松andmeetnewfriends(enlargefriendcircle)结识新朋友Manyotheropinionsareavailable.Forexample,theycanjog,swimorcircle,whiledinnersandpartiescanbringpeopletogether,promotingmutualunderstandingbetweenpeople.慢跑、旅游、骑自行车,远足和晚会能促进彼此之间的了解demonstrateone’spersonalitysuchashobbies,tastesandpassion展示个性、如爱好、品味和激情leadthevanguardspirit引领前卫精神炫耀名牌产品:showofftheirbrandnames满足虚荣心:satisfytheirvanity,引发公众的眼球效应sparkeyeballeffectsamongthegeneralpublic形成攀比keepupwithJoneses(浪费资财squandertheir(parents’)wealth(兼顾另一个主题词“啃老”)没有展示出健康向上的个性:failtodemonstratetheirtalents,vigorandwisdom(没有展示出才艺、活力和智慧)缺少品味:lackinspiritualandaesthetic(artistic)qualities精神空虚:revealtheirspiritualwasteland八、身心健康(健康、吸烟、养老、体育健身活动)Thebreatheinfreshair,drinkcleanwater,baskinthebrightsunshineoreatcleanfood,呼吸新鲜空气、饮用干净水,沐浴阳光下,吃干净食品,whileyoucanenjoyaquietsettingandenlargefriendcircle.享受安静的环境,扩大朋友圈avoidovereatingandoverdrinking避免暴饮暴食sleepregularhoursandeatsensibly睡眠规律、饮食规律keepawayfromliquorsanddrugs远离酒精和毒品stretchoutourlimbs,turnaroundournecks,andhopinplace,beturnedintofreshmen伸展四肢、扭扭脖子、原地跳一跳、也会精力充沛peoplecankeepfitphysicallyandmentallybyjogging,swimmingorplayingbasketball通过慢跑、游泳和打篮球保持身体健康Inagym,wecanbuildup(shape)one’sbodybysit-ups,pull-ups,push-ups,ropeskipping,weightliftingandYuga.仰卧起坐、引体向上、俯卧撑、跳绳、举重、瑜伽liveanormallifeinordertoavoidover-exhaustion,headacheandinsomnia避免过度疲劳、头疼和失眠Byjogging,swimmingorplayingbasketball,peoplecanpreventheartattacks,hypertension(highbloodpressure),pneumonia,diabetesorobesity,etc.通过慢跑、游泳和打篮球,人们可以防止心脏病、高血压、肺炎、糖尿病、肥胖症peoplecan(not)keepfitphysicallyandmentallyandrelievetheirpressure可以缓解压力、焦急和压抑,extendlifespan.延年益寿九、帮助别人wecan,onabus,giveourseattoanelder(asenior)oranexpectantmother让座orshowthewaytoaforeigntraveler指路providefood,clothesandmoneytothepeopleindifficulty.给困难的人食品、衣服和金钱donatebloodtoadyingpatient献血comfortpeoplewithblessings用祝福给别人以安慰financiallysupportapoorchildtofurtherhiseducation.助学儿童assistthedisadvantagedgroupssuchastheold,thepoor,thehomelessandthedisabled.救助弱势群体securetheirfoodandshelter保证他们的食品和住处,obtainmaterialsupport,mentalcomfort,orspiritualbackup.别人可以得到物质支持、情感抚慰和精神支柱winthebestregardfromthosepeople赢得对方的好感和爱戴bridgethegapbetweenpeople,removethebarrier,rescuethemfromagravedanger,walkoutoftheirdifficulty,消除彼此隔阂、帮他们走出困境buildaharmonioussociety,fitintoaharmonioushumanrelationship融入(共建)和谐社会becomemoreoptimistic,courageousandself-confident自信darechallenges面对挑战十、自我成就1.comeupwithpressure(stress),challenges,andhardship(failure/frustrations/setbacks)workhard(together)andsticktoagoal努力学习、坚持不懈readextensively,accumulateworkingexperience,drawonexperiencefromotherpeople.博学强记、积累工作经验、从别人那里吸取有用(有益)的东西thinklogically,creativelyandindependently逻辑思维、发明思维、独立思考fosteranalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities培养分析解决问题的能力beadmittedtoacollege上大学obtainawell-paidposition得到一个薪酬丰厚的职位accumulate(buildup/increase)one’swealth积累财富improvetheirskills改善技能hold(grab/grasp)fastopportunities把握机会shapefuture,shouldertheresponsibility,furthertheircause把握未来、承担责任、开展事业Itcancultivatetalent,confidenceandself-worth.培养能力、信心、自尊Theycanobtainwealthandattainsocialstatus.Throughyourhelp,theycanbecomeself-confident,courageous,motivatedandoptimistic.积累财富、得到社会地位、变得自信、勇敢、积极和乐观acquireknowledge,improvestatusquo,fitinto(adaptto)acompetitivesociety获得知识、改变现状、适应社会Tobesuccessful,onehastostartfromverybeginning.从基层做起keepgraceunderpressure.镇定自若alwayssetagoalandachieveit.永远设立目的和完毕目的darechallengesandovercomedifficulty迎接挑战、克服困难十一、道德方向Inordertoearnmoreprofit,replacegenuinegoodswithfakeones.以次充好breakrulesorregulations违法乱纪,bed-peddlesomeout-of-dateproducts.兜售过期产品theyexaggeratethesizeandfunctionofaproduct,夸大产品尺寸和功能reducethecostanddriveupitsprices:减少成本、炒作价格spread(disseminate)misleadinginformationagainstitscompetitors,leadtoviciouscompetition,runcountertotheessenceofvirtuouscompetition散布不利于竞争对手的误导信息,引起恶性竞争,这与良性竞争的精髓背道而驰bringthemarketintodisorderandcheatmoneyoutoftheconsumers.市场陷入混乱,从消费者那里骗取了很多钱财Thepricegoesup,butthequalityofgoodsisworsening.Sotheseattemptsharmtheinterestofconsumers.物价上涨、产品质量下降、伤害了消费者的利益。Onceconsumersfindthemselvescheated,theywillcertainlyresistthegoods.Finally,thesecompanieswilllosemoremoney,ortheirbusinesswillprobablyfail.一旦消费者发现自己被欺骗,他们会抵制产品,你会亏损更多的钱、或者破产十二、文化encounterlanguagebarrierandcultureshock遭遇语言障碍、文化不适应loseculturalheritageandculturalidentity失去文化遗产和文化认知(根)bediscriminatedonthebasisofrace,colorsandreligion由于种族、肤色和宗教受到歧视witnessthewisdomandcreativityoftheancientworkingpeople/ancestors见证了古代人民的智慧和发明力(祖先)regarditasthesumtotalofwisdomthatbelongstoaparticularethnicgroup.民族智慧结晶boastitselfoftheaestheticvaluesanditsimposingstyleintheworld以其美学价值和富丽堂皇的风格闻名于世winbestregardsfrompeoplefromfarandwide赢得世界各地人民的敬仰standforthetraditionsandconventionsofthelocalpeople体现本地的传统和习俗attractmillionsoftravelersandbringrevenuetoourcountry.吸引着上千万的游客,为国家带来大量收入protectitasanelementoftraditionalculture传统文化要素preserveitasasymbolofculturalheritage文化遗产象征helppeopletreattheworldwithbenevolence,confidence,andtolerance.教给人们用宽容和自信看待世界improvemutualunderstandingandremovethebarrierbetweencountriesandpeoples.增进国与国之间的了解、消除隔阂enhancefriendlytiesandbringharmony,peaceegritytotheworld.增强国与国的友谊、给世界带来和谐与和平serveasthecatalysttotheeconomicgrowthandculturaldevelopment.做经济发展的催化剂十三、环保(什么行为是人们可以控制的、什么是人们不能控制的)litterleftovers,bottles,plasticbags,lunchboxes,andcans;pollutewater,makestreetssmellyandairchoking乱扔剩饭剩菜、瓶子、塑料袋、饭盒和罐头盒、污染水源、使街道变脏变臭driveprivatecarstoincreasecarbonemission.(takepublictransporttoreducecarbonemission)驾驶私人汽车,导致碳的增长huntwildanimals(clearcutforests,over-exploitthenaturalresources)foreconomicreturn,leadtotheextinctionofsomerarespecies猎杀野生动物(滥砍滥伐)获得经济回报,导致一些珍奇物种的灭绝Peopleboosttheirindustrialproductionbybuildingfactories,theyarelikelytoemitpollutants(suchasmonoxide,carbondioxide,sulferbuildsup)intotheatmosphere(air)andcausesmog,acidrain,greenhouseeffects.建工厂,排放污染物进入大气、导致雨雾、酸雨和温室效应drainindustrialsewageintoriversandlakes,polluteswater,andcausethedeathoffishesandotheraquaticspecies.倾倒工业废水、污染水源、导致鱼类灭绝beisolatedfrombrightsunshine,cleanwaterandfreshair.远离明媚阳光、干净水源和新鲜空气changesclimatepatterns,affectcropgrowthanddisruptswildlifedistributions,andleadstotheextinctionofwildspecies.改变天气模式、影响作物种植、破坏野生物的分布、导致物种灭绝十四、发展:旅游业:bringsmoretax(income/revenue)toacountry给国家带来财富providemanyjobopportunities带来工作机会increasetheincomeofcitizens增长国民收入bringacountryintoaconnectionwiththeinternationalconventions和国际接轨boostlocaleconomy带动地区经济发展-Globaltourismtendstoexportmanynegativeeffectsofwesternculture.Sinceitisonlythewealthywhocanaffordtotravelabroad,developingcountrieslikeThailandandIndonesiahavebecometheplaygroundsoftouristsfrommoreaffluentones.全球化的旅游业消除了西方文化的很多负面影响。只有富人可以承担旅游带来的费用,像是泰国和印度尼西亚这类的发展中国家已经成为富国旅游者的乐园。-Inmanysuchnations,thisinfluxofmainlywesterntouristshasbroughtwithitproblemssuchasprostitutionaswellasalcoholismanddrugabuse.在很多国家,大量的西方游客涌入已经带来了很多问题,例如卖淫嫖娼和酒精及毒品泛滥。-Inordertobesustainable,greaterregulationofglobaltourismisrequired.为了保持可连续发展,全球旅游业必须受到管制。十五、太空探索:ensurenationalsecurity,stabilizethesociety,enhancesocialwelfaresystem,perfectthepublicfacilities保障国家安全poolanddominatevariousresources,andupgradeindustrialstructure整合各种资源、带来产业升级symbolizethenationalstrength象征国家实力standforthespiritofexploration代表探索精神upgradescientificgrowthandincreaseemotionalwellbeing科技升级Itisanintegralpartinthestrategyofacountry.这在国家战略中是个不可缺少的部分Itisatrendthatnoonecanreverse.这是个趋势,没人能扭转runcountertothetradition,conventionanmonsense.这是国家战略不可缺少的部分、这是个趋势没人可以扭转、违反传统、习俗和常识。Inthisissue,itisimportant(crucial/essential/necessary/imperative)that…Inthisframework,thegovernmentdepartmentscan…Bydoingso,theycan…andeffectively…政府策略(thecentralauthority/administration/management):立法(makestrictlawstopunish/control…)投资increaseinvestmentinthefieldof…、建立监督机制provideaneffectivemechanismtocontrol/promote…政府部门(thegovernmentdepartmentscan):制定计划(makeaseriesofplans)发现问题(identifytheproblems)、寻求区域合作(seekregionalcooperation);采用紧急措施(takedrasticmeasures)、进行调整(makenecessaryadjustments)Asforthe专家(expertsandresearchersinthefield),theyaresupposedto修订政策法规(amendrelevantrulesconcerning…),分析问题(analyzetheproblems)、给出建议(offertheirprofessionaladvice)、提供解决办法(giveaworkablesolution),解决情况(dealwith/analyze/handlethesituation)媒体(thepressisobligedto):加大宣传publicizethesignificanceof…andtheharmof…/Inthisissue,thecitizensaresupposedtoenhancetheirawarenessandtakeconcreteactions.Forexample,itisadvisedthat…Bydoingso,theycan…and…lovetheirmotherlandanditsculture;theypayrespecttothetime-honoredtraditionsandembracedistinctiveculturalvalues;热爱祖国、尊重传统、包容厚德workunselfishlyforthepublic,remaineduncorrupted,careforpeople’ssuffering,servepeopleheartandsoul,defendtheirbasicrights,orprovidethemwithlegalprotection;克己奉公、廉政勤政、关心人民疾苦、全心全意为人民服务,维护基本权益,提供法律保护theytakerationalattitude,giveuptheirbadhabit,formagoodhabit,seekahealthylifestyle,keepself-control,andbringthemselvesbacktoanormallife;keepabalancebetweentheiracademicstudiesanddailylife理性态度、消灭坏习惯、自控、在两者之间保持平衡theyworkdiligentlyandstandontheirfeet,don’tindulgeinacozylife,buildupunshakableself-confidence,thinkindependentlyandstrengthentheirproblemsolvingability;辛勤劳动、学会自立、不奢华、有自信、培养能力。beoftheoneheartandonemind,taketheirjointeffortsintoamightypower,payrespecttootherpeople’sideas,embracetheirvalues,boostmutualunderstandingandseekwin-wincooperation,appealtocooperationandmutualsupport,benefitthemselvesatotherpeople’scost同心同德、劲往一处使、尊重别人价值、增强互相了解、双赢合作,团结互助、不损人利己theyextendtheirhelpinghandsanddemonstratetheirlove,sincerityandmorality.帮助别人,有爱心theyholdgreatambitionandaspiration;increasetheirprofessionalknowledge;workdiligently,guardagainstarroganceandimpetuosity,startfromsmalldetails,keepgraceunderpressure,confrontvariouschallengesandstriveforacleargoaloftheirown.志存高远、提高知识、努力工作,戒骄戒躁、从基层做起、镇定自若、迎接挑战、追求目的Afterall,itistheirpositiveattitudethatplaysaleadingroleinthismatter.Bydoingso,theycaneffectivelycontrol/promote…态度最重要Onlybydoingsocantheyeffectivelycontrol/promote…Itisbydoingsothattheycaneffectivelycontrol/promote…Tosumup,…reallymatters,whetheryou’rea…,a…ora….Nomatterwhomeveryouare,whetheracollegestudent,anofficeclerk,oracivilservant,onethingiscertain:…iscentralofallthings.Tosumup,wehavetotreatthisissuewithcommitmentandsincerity.Otherwise,wewillprobablylosetheincentiveofthesocialprogress,thefountainheadofsustainabledevelopment,andthesourceofharmoniouslife.Somereadersmightthinkthatmypointisrathertraditional,nolessconservative.Butitisatleastrealisticandrational.Mypointisrealisticandrational,thoughsomereadersmightthinkthatitistraditionalorconservative.运气与成功:TakeYaoMingforexample,heiscapableofgraspingopportunities.Inthisway,hegraduallyaccumulateshisworkingexperienceandoahighlycompetitiveNBAworld.Finally,hecanfurtherhiscauseandbecomeasuccessfulbasketballplayer.引起giveriseto,leadto,cause,touchoff导致cause,leadto,bringabout,resultin甚至eventotheextentthat,even,(go)sofarasto,somuch

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