现在完成时态

现在达成时态现在达成时态现在达成时一.组成：现在达成时由助动词have+过去分词组成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其他用have.现在达成时的否认式直接在助动词后边加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语以前。以study为例，其否认式、疑问式和简单回答形式以下：二．用法：现在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I’msurewe’vemetbefore.我一定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。表示连续到现在的动作或状态，经常和包含现在在内的.表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,just,lately,for,since,yet等。如：Ihaven’theardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaven’tseenyourecently.近来我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们走开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.★注意：since和for的差别since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空1.JimhasbeeninIreland______Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.ars._October.表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在达成时中间不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，由于它们表示的动作不行能连续。所以，不可以说：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.×Theoldmanhasdiedfor4months.×Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.×以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhas_____________for4months.Theyhave__________onlyfor5minutes差别：havebeento,havegoneto,havebeeninhavebeento,表示去过某个地方，可是现在已经回来了havegoneto表示去了，但还没有回来，或许是在去的途中havebeenin指的是在某个地方，从过去向来连续到现在Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？（人不在）TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）TheyhavebeeninCanadasincethen.用

have/hasbeen(to)have/hasgone(to)have/hasbeenin

填空A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanIsland.A:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I

’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.1.WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.2.David________theparkjustnow.3.John_______Englandsincehecameback.4.Howlong_____they_____thisvillage?5.TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.6._____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.7.I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8.WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.9.When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.10.Wouldyouliketo_____tothezoowithme?---Yes,butI_____therebefore.11.Where_____you_____now?---I____tothezoo.12.Heoften_____swimming.13._____you______therelastyear?14._____theyoften______skatinginwinter?选择填空()1.Mrswhitesisn'there,she_____London,she________theremanytimesA.hasbeento,wentB.hasgoneto,hasbeenC.wentto,hasgoneD.hasbeento,hasgone()2.Shehas__________Beijingtwice.()3.—where___yourfather____,LiLei?____ToBeijingA.have,beenB.has,beenC.have,goneD.has,gone()4.MrGreenisn'tintheoffice,He______thelibraryA.hasgonetoB.wenttoC.hasbeentoD.willgo()5.Mrsmith____Tokyoandhewillbebackinaweek()6.They_Chinafortwoyears.现在达成时不可以和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein，但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。比方：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaven’treadityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我以前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红素来是个勤学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan’an.他们从未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。Exercise:I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.9.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?II.Choosethebestanswer.1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?2.Mygrandpadied_________.omebacktomorrow.her.5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.6.--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it?--Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had7.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.______inChinafor8years.9.--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.10.--____youever____totheUS?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingRewritethesentences.1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否认句)I__________________beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn’tco就划线部散发问)_____________hecometoschool?3.Iboughanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)I____just____anewbike.4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)We________English____threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,______________?（改成反意疑问句）(对划线部散发问)______________havetheybeenhere?.(die)（动词填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句变换)MissGaohas_______________________anhourago.Askthequestions1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?_________________he___________________?_____________________they__________abook?Use“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”用适合的时态填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem____________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour__________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)herpen.________you_______(see)ithereandthere?6._________you_____(find)yourwatchyet?7.---Areyouthirsty?---NoI_________just_________(have)someorange.8.We----already_________(return)thebook.9.________they_______(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I_____________(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather_____(read)thenoveltwice.12.I_________(buy)abookjustnow.13.I_________(lost)mywatchyesterday.14.Myfather___________(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.现在达成时所表示的动作开始于过去，连续到现在，或许还会连续下去。常用for和since表示一段时间的状语或sofar，now，today，thisweek(month，year)等表示包含现在时间在内的状语。eg.HehasstudiedEnglishfor5years.HehasstudiedEnglishsince2001.NowIhavefinishedthework.注意：表示短临时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的达成时不可以与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来连续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）指引的词语连用。如：Ihavelivedhereformorethanthirtyyears.

我已在此住了

30多年。由非连续性动词到连续性动词的变换：arrive→beherebegin(start)→beondie→bedeadgoout→beoutfinish→beoverputon→wear或beonborrow→keepbuy→havecatch(acold)→have(acold)open→beopencomeback→bebackjoin→beingettoknow→knowleave→beaway或beamemberofbegintostudy→studyfallill(sick,asleep)closebeclosedcometowork→work→beill(sick,asleep)gotoschoolstudent

→→beagetup→beupgo→be(in)一、典型例题（）1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_____for20minutes.（）2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.（）3.Thefactory____sincetheFebruaryof1988.（）4.MaryandRose____friendssincetheymetin2000.（）5.Youmustn't_____untilhecomesback.（）6.Themeeting_____foraweeknow.（）7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.（）8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.（）9.I______homeforaweek.（）10.Howlong_______he________?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead（）11.He______ateightyesterdayafternoon.（）12.He________thecarforaweek.（）13.---Howlong_____you_____ill?---Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been（）14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.（）15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.三、课后练习[

单项选择

]（）1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.（）2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?（）3、HaveyoumetMrLi______？（）4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.（）5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better（）6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoy