大学英语精读第二册教案

第大学英语精读第二册教案大学英语课程是所有的非英语专业学生必修的一门公共基础课程。它服务于该专业人才培养计划中的专业培养目标，服务于学生英语应用能力的需要。下面是小编给大家整理的大学英语精读第二册教案5篇，希望对大家能有所帮助!

大学英语精读第二册教案1

TEXTItishumorousessay.Butafterreadingityouwillsurelyfindthat

theauthorismostseriousinwritingit.TsThereLifeonEarth

TherewasgreatexcitementontheplanetofVenusthisweek.Forthefirst

timeVenusianscientistsmanagedtolandasatelliteontheplantEarth,andis

hasbeensendingbacksignalsaswellasphotographseversince.Thesatellite

wasdirectedintoanareaknowasManhattan(namedafterthegreatVenusian

astronomer1Prof.Manhattan,whofirstdiscovereditwithhistelescope20,000

lightyearsago).Becauseofexcellentweatherconditionsandextremelystrong

signals,Venusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationastothe

feasibilityofamannedflyingsaucerlandingonEarth.Apressconferencewas

heldattheVenusInstituteofTechnology.Wehavecometotheconclusion,

basedonlastweekssatellitelanding,Prof.Zogsaid,thatthereisnolife

onEarth.HowdoyouknowthisthesciencereporteroftheVenusEvening

Starasked.Foronething,EarthssurfaceintheareaofManhattaniscomposed

ofsolidconcreteandnothingcangrowthere.Foranother,theatmosphereis

filledwithcarbonmonoxideandotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossibly

breatherthisairandsurvive.Whatdoesthismeanasfarasourflyingsauce

programisconcernedWeshallhavetotakeourownoxygenwithus,which

meansamuchheavierflyingsaucerthanweoriginallyplanned.Arethereany

otherhazardsthatyoudiscoveredinyourstudierTakealookatthisphoto.

Youseethisdarkblackcloudhovering2overthesurfaceofEarthWecallthis

theConsolidated3EdisonBelt.Wedontknowwhatitismadeof,butitcould

giveusalotoftroubleandweshallhavetomakefurthertestsbeforewesend

aVenusBeingthere.Overhereyouwillnoticewhatseemstobeariver,but

thesatellitefindingsindicateitispollutedandthewaterisunfittodrink.

Thismeansweshallhavetocarryourownwater,whichwilladdevengreater

weighttothesaucer.Sir,whatareallthosetinyblackspotsonthe

photographsWerenotcertain.Theyseemtobemetalparticlesthatmove

alongcertainpaths.Theyemitgases,makenoiseandkeepcrashingintoeach

other.Therearesomanyofthesepathsandsomanymetalparticlesthatitis

impossibletolandaflyingsaucerwithoutitsbeingsmashedbyone.Whatare

thosestalagmiteprojections4stickingupTheyresometypeofgranite5

formationsthatgiveofflightatnight.Prof.Glomhasnamedthemskyscrapers6

sincetheyseemtobescrapingtheskies.Ifallyousayistrue,wontthis

setbacktheflyingsaucerprogramseveralyearsYes,butweshallproceedas

soonastheGrubstartgivesustheaddedfunds.Prof.Zog,whyarewespending

billionsandbillionsofzilchestolandaflyingsauceronEarthwhenthereis

nolifethereBecauseifweVenusianscanlearntobreatheinanEarth

atmosphere,thenwecanliveanywhere.

NEWWORDShumorousa.funny;thatmakers7peoplelaugh幽默的humorn.essay

n.散文，随笔excitementn.thestateorqualityofbeingexcitedplanetn.large

bodyinspacethatmovesroundastaresp.roundthesun行星Venusiana.ofor

havingtodowiththeplantVenus金星的n.supposedVenusbeing金星人satelliten.

spacecraftthatgoesroundtheplanetearthandsendsbackradioandtelevision

signals;heavenlybodythatgoesroundaplant(人造)卫星signaln.信号;暗号astronomer

n.personwhostudiesthescienceofthesun,moon,starsandplanets天文学家

telescopen.instrumentwithspecialglassesusedforseeingdistantthings

extremelyad.very极端，非常extremea.feasibilityad.possibilityofbeingcarried

ordone可行性feasiblea.manneda.occupiedbyoneormorepersons载人的saucern.

浅碟;茶托flyingsaucern.飞碟conferencen.meetingpressconferencen.meeting

arrangedbyanimportantpersontowhichnewsreportersareinvitedtolistento

astatementoraskquestions记者招待会technologyn.技术conclusionn.decisionof

opinionreachedbyreasoning结论concludev.reporterv.personwhogathersnews

foranewspaper,magazine,orradioorTVstation记者composevt.makeup,form

组成，构成concreten.buildingmaterialmadebymixingcementwithsand,small

stonesandwater混凝土atmospheren.allthegassesroundtheearth;airina

place大气;空气carbonn.碳monoxiden.一氧化物deadlya.causingdeath;likelyto

causedeath致命的gasn.气体survivevi.remainalive;continuetoliveorexist

活下来;幸存vt.remainaliveafter;livelongerthan经历...后还活着;比...活得长survivaln.

programn.planofwhatittobedone计划concernvt.beofimportanceor

interestto;haveaneffecton涉及，关系到oxygenn.氧，氧气originallyad.formerly8

起初，原来originala.hazardn.dangerhovervi.stayinornearoneplaceinthe

air盘旋consolidateda.untied9;combined联合的consolidatevt.beltn.areathat

hassomespecialquality;zone(地)带indicatevt.showindicationn.pollutevt.

make(air,water,soil,etc.)dirtywithmanmadewaste污染pollutionn.unfita.

notgoodenough;notsuitableparticlen.粒子;微粒emitvt.sendout散发，射出emission

n.crashv.(causeto)breakintopiecesviolently坠落;猛撞smashv.(causeto)

breakintopiecesviolently(使)碎裂stalagmiten.石笋projectionn.sth.that

standsoutfromasurface凸出物typen.aparticularkind,classorgroup类型，种类

graniten.hardgreystoneusedforbuilding花岗岩formationn.sth.thatis

formed;wayinwhichsth.isformed形成(物)skyscrapern.verytallbuilding摩天大楼

scrapevt.rubwithsth.roughorsharp刮，擦proceedvi.continueafterhaving

stopped(停顿后)继续进行fundn.sumofmoneysetapartoravailableforaspecial

purpose资金;基金billionn.onethousandmillionzilchn.zero;nothingatall

PHRASESEXPRESSIONS(be)knownasalsopubliclycalled;named以...闻名，通常名叫

nameaftergivethesamenameas以...名字命名astoabout,concerning关于baseon/

uponuseasabasisorfoundationfor以...为基础，把...基于foronething...(for

another)inthefirstplace...(inthesecondplace)becomposedofhaveas

membersorparts由...组成asfaras...beconcernedtothedegreethatitmatters

to就...而言stickupstandupright;project直立;突出giveoffemit;sendout发出;散发出

setbackdelaytheadvanceofdevelopmentof耽搁;阻碍

PEOPERNAMESArtBuchwald阿特.布奇沃德Venus金星Manhattan曼哈顿(纽约市中心)Zog佐格(姓氏)

Edison爱迪生(姓氏)Glom格洛姆(姓氏)

大学英语精读第二册教案2

UnitOne：IsThereLifeonEarth

Itishumorousessay.Butafterreadingityouwillsurelyfindthatthe

authorismostseriousinwritingit.

TsThereLifeonEarth

TherewasgreatexcitementontheplanetofVenusthisweek.Forthefirst

timeVenusianscientistsmanagedtolandasatelliteontheplantEarth,andis

hasbeensendingbacksignalsaswellasphotographseversince.

ThesatellitewasdirectedintoanareaknowasManhattan(namedafterthe

greatVenusianastronomerProf.Manhattan,whofirstdiscovereditwithhis

telescope20,000lightyearsago).

Becauseofexcellentweatherconditionsandextremelystrongsignals,

Venusianscientistswereabletogetvaluableinformationastothefeasibility

ofamannedflyingsaucerlandingonEarth.Apressconferencewasheldatthe

VenusInstituteofTechnology.

Wehavecometotheconclusion,basedonlastweekssatellitelanding,

Prof.Zogsaid,thatthereisnolifeonEarth.

HowdoyouknowthisthesciencereporteroftheVenusEveningStar

asked.

Foronething,EarthssurfaceintheareaofManhattaniscomposedof

solidconcreteandnothingcangrowthere.Foranother,theatmosphereisfilled

withcarbonmonoxideandotherdeadlygasesandnobodycouldpossiblybreather

thisairandsurvive.

Whatdoesthismeanasfarasourflyingsauceprogramisconcerned

Weshallhavetotakeourownoxygenwithus,whichmeansamuchheavier

flyingsaucerthanweoriginallyplanned.

Arethereanyotherhazardsthatyoudiscoveredinyourstudier

Takealookatthisphoto.Youseethisdarkblackcloudhoveringoverthe

surfaceofEarthWecallthistheConsolidatedEdisonBelt.Wedontknowwhat

itismadeof,butitcouldgiveusalotoftroubleandweshallhavetomake

furthertestsbeforewesendaVenusBeingthere.

Overhereyouwillnoticewhatseemstobeariver,butthesatellite

findingsindicateitispollutedandthewaterisunfittodrink.Thismeanswe

shallhavetocarryourownwater,whichwilladdevengreaterweighttothe

saucer.

Sir,whatareallthosetinyblackspotsonthephotographs

Werenotcertain.Theyseemtobemetalparticlesthatmovealongcertain

paths.Theyemitgases,makenoiseandkeepcrashingintoeachother.Thereare

somanyofthesepathsandsomanymetalparticlesthatitisimpossibletoland

aflyingsaucerwithoutitsbeingsmashedbyone.

Whatarethosestalagmiteprojectionsstickingup

Theyresometypeofgraniteformationsthatgiveofflightatnight.

Prof.Glomhasnamedthemskyscraperssincetheyseemtobescrapingthe

skies.

Ifallyousayistrue,wontthissetbacktheflyingsaucerprogram

severalyears

Yes,butweshallproceedassoonastheGrubstartgivesustheadded

funds.

Prof.Zog,whyarewespendingbillionsandbillionsofzilchestolanda

flyingsauceronEarthwhenthereisnolifethere

BecauseifweVenusianscanlearntobreatheinanEarthatmosphere,then

wecanliveanywhere.

NEWWORDS

humorous

a.funny;thatmakerspeoplelaugh幽默的

humor

n.

essay

n.散文，随笔

excitement

n.thestateorqualityofbeingexcited

planet

n.largebodyinspacethatmovesroundastaresp.roundthesun行星

Venusian

a.oforhavingtodowiththeplantVenus金星的

n.supposedVenusbeing金星人

satellite

n.spacecraftthatgoesroundtheplanetearthandsendsbackradioand

televisionsignals;heavenlybodythatgoesroundaplant(人造)卫星

signal

n.信号;暗号

astronomer

n.personwhostudiesthescienceofthesun,moon,starsandplanets

天文学家

telescope

n.instrumentwithspecialglassesusedforseeingdistantthings

extremely

ad.very极端，非常

extreme

a.

feasibility

ad.possibilityofbeingcarriedordone可行性

feasible

a.

manned

a.occupiedbyoneormorepersons载人的

saucer

n.浅碟;茶托

flyingsaucer

n.飞碟

conference

n.meeting

pressconference

n.meetingarrangedbyanimportantpersontowhichnewsreportersare

invitedtolistentoastatementoraskquestions记者招待会

technology

n.技术

conclusion

n.decisionofopinionreachedbyreasoning结论

conclude

v.

reporter

v.personwhogathersnewsforanewspaper,magazine,orradioorTV

station记者

compose

vt.makeup,form组成，构成

concrete

n.buildingmaterialmadebymixingcementwithsand,smallstonesand

water混凝土

atmosphere

n.allthegassesroundtheearth;airinaplace大气;空气

carbon

n.碳

monoxide

n.一氧化物

deadly

a.causingdeath;likelytocausedeath致命的

gas

n.气体

survive

vi.remainalive;continuetoliveorexist活下来;幸存

vt.remainaliveafter;livelongerthan经历...后还活着;比...活得长

survival

n.

program

n.planofwhatittobedone计划

concern

vt.beofimportanceorinterestto;haveaneffecton涉及，关系到

oxygen

n.氧，氧气

originally

ad.formerly起初，原来

original

a.

hazard

n.danger

hover

vi.stayinornearoneplaceintheair盘旋

consolidated

a.untied;combined联合的

consolidate

vt.

belt

n.areathathassomespecialquality;zone(地)带

indicate

vt.show

indication

n.

pollute

vt.make(air,water,soil,etc.)dirtywithmanmadewaste污染

pollution

n.

unfit

a.notgoodenough;notsuitable

particle

n.粒子;微粒

emit

vt.sendout散发，射出

emission

n.

crash

v.(causeto)breakintopiecesviolently坠落;猛撞

smash

v.(causeto)breakintopiecesviolently(使)碎裂

stalagmite

n.石笋

projection

n.sth.thatstandsoutfromasurface凸出物

type

n.aparticularkind,classorgroup类型，种类

granite

n.hardgreystoneusedforbuilding花岗岩

formation

n.sth.thatisformed;wayinwhichsth.isformed形成(物)

skyscraper

n.verytallbuilding摩天大楼

scrape

vt.rubwithsth.roughorsharp刮，擦

proceed

vi.continueafterhavingstopped(停顿后)继续进行

fund

n.sumofmoneysetapartoravailableforaspecialpurpose资金;基金

billion

n.onethousandmillion

zilch

n.zero;nothingatall

大学英语精读第二册教案3

unit2what’sthematter教案(新人教版)

unit2what’sthematter

i.teachingarticle:unittwo

ii.teachingaimsanddemands:

what’sthematterihaveaheadache.

youshoulddrinksometea.thatsoundsalikeagoodidea.

ihaveasoreback.

iii.teachingimportanceanddiffculty:

talkaboutyourhealth.makesuggestions.

iv.teachingways:revision,learning,practiceandreading.

v.teachingtools:tape-recorderandlattern.

v.teachingtime:sixperiods

vi.teachingprocedure:

thefirstperiod

i.teachingaimsanddemands

1.knowledgeobjects.

bodynames.illness.what’sthematterihaveacold.

2.abilityobjects.

listeningskil,recognizingskill.

3.moralobjects.

exerciseeverydayandkeephealthyandstrong.

ii.teachingimportanceanddifficulty

what’sthematter--ihaveacold.

iii.teachingmethods

recognizingmethod.listeningmethod.discovermethod.pairwork.

iv.teachingaids

ataperecorder.adollforteachingthenamesofthebody.a

projector.

v.teachingprocedures

stepigreettheclassandcheckthehomework.

stepiisectiona1a

bringoutadoll.teachthewordsofbodyparts.

readthewordstostudentsandaskthemtorepeat.

nowopenyourbooksandturntopage7.pleaselookatthepicture,i’ll

askastudenttoreadthelistofthirteennamesofbodyparts.

stepiii1b

actoutanillness.thenshowtheothernewwordsontheblackboard.read

thenewwordstostudentsandaskthemtorepeat.makesureeverystudentknows

themeaningandcanreadthem.

stepivpairwork

teachstudentsmorewordsofillness.forexample,

haveacold,haveafever,headache,stomachache,headachetoothache,have

asoreback,haveasorethroat

stepvanactivity

playthegamesimonsayswithstudents.firsthavestudentslineupinrows

.askstudentstotouchdifferentpartsoftheirbodies.

stepvianactivity

nowpleaseturntopage106.thereisapictureofaheadwithnoeyes,

nose,mouthorears.pleasedrawtheminthecorrectpacesandsaytheirnames

inenglish.thenshowyourpictures.whodrawsthebest

stepviihomework

writedownthenewwordsinyourexercisebookandreadthemforseveral

times

stepviiiblackboarddesign

unit2what’sthematter

tooth——teeth(pl.)foot——feet(pl.)

toothachestom-ach-ache

eyesnosemouthears

大学英语精读第二册教案4

1.知识目标

(1)Newwordsandphrases:

place,twenty-first,bank,theatre,bookshop,toilet,museum,front,in

frontof,left,right,side,ontheleft/rightside,allthesame,need,ask

for,along,road,turn,turning,metre(meter),kilometer(kilometre),had

better(do),coin,keep,as,moment,tell,street,nextto,around

(2)日常交际用语：

Excuseme.Where’s…Where’sthenearesthospital,please

It’snextto…/infrontof…/outside…/ontheleft/rightside.

Thankyouallthesame.

You’d(had)bettercatchabus.

WhichbusdoItake

Godownthisstreet.

(3)语法项目：表示需要：Heneedssomehelp.

询问方向：Whereisthenearesthospital,please

指点方向：Goalongthisroad.it‘sonly100metersalongontheleft.

(4)语音：/ei/aay/ai/iiey/Ri/oioy

2.能力目标：

(1)使学生掌握英语的问路和指点方向的交际用语并能够在教师创设的情景中灵活运用。

(2)使学生能够读懂课文并能回答课后的问题，按照课文内容表演游戏。

(3)使学生掌握相关表示方向的介词短语，并能根据情景做口头和笔头练习。

(4)使学生能听懂与课文难度相当的文章，并能迅速对听力材料中的相关地点和方向路线做出判断。

3.德育目标：

通过教学让学生注意在日常生活中注意礼貌用语，乐于帮助别人。

通过学习，让学生感受到在生活中受人帮助的欣慰和帮助别人的兴奋之情，培养学生乐于助人的品质。

教学重点和难点：

询问方向(askingfordirections)指点方向(Givingdirection)是本单元的重点和难点。

教学建议

教材分析

本单元的主要教学内容是问路，从第一课简单的介绍某地在何处。到第二课如何问路和指路。到第四课的扩展练习。问路的相关用语由易到难，由简单到复杂贯穿始终。教师应在教学过程

循序渐进，注意打好基础。本单元中第二十三课中还有一个小的游戏，该游戏主要是训练学生阅读理解能力，同时也能活跃课堂气氛，使学生会在快乐中学习。

关于日常交际用语分析(询问方向和指点方向)

问路一般包括四个方面的内容：(1)引起话题：Excuseme…(2)询问路在何方：HowcanIgetto…(3)指路：Walk

along/down…(4)致谢：Thankyou.

Excuseme,(but…)通常用于以下几种情景：

(1)引起别人注意。(2)请求让路、躲开时。(3)向人问路或打听消息时。(4)在席间或聚会上等离开一会儿时。(5)谈话间或会间突然打喷嚏、咳嗽时。

询问方向的表达法:

在向别人打听情况、征询意见时，常用Excuseme;在向别人提出请求时，常用Couldyou…而不用Canyou…更显得礼貌。

(1)Excuseme，where’sthebusstation请问车站在哪

(2)Excuseme，whichisthewaytothebusstation请问，哪一条是去车站的路

(3)Excuseme，canyoutellmethewaytothebusstation请问，你能告诉我车站的路吗

(4)Excuseme,howcanIgettothebusstation请问，我如何能到达车站

(5)Excuseme,isthereabusstationnearhere请问附近有车站吗

指点方向的表达法：

如果别人向你问路，你熟悉这条路，你又该如何帮助别人呢下面是几种指点方问的表达法：

(1)Goalongthisstreet.或Walkalongthisstreet.沿这条街道走。

(2)Takethe(second)turningontheleft/right.第(2)个十字路口左(右)转。

(3)It’sabout(four)kilometersawayformhere.离这大约(4)公里远。

(4)Thebusstationisalongthatroadontheright.车站是沿着那条路的右边。

(5)It’snexttothepolicestation.它与警察局相邻。

(6)It’sabouttenkilometersaway.大约10公里远。

(7)It’squitefar/nearfromhere.离这儿相当远/近。

(8)Itabout(five)minutes’walkformhere.从这儿步行大约5分钟。

注：别人向你问路，即使你不知道，你也要说：

I’msorryIdon’tknow.对方应回答道：Thankyouallthesame.

表示需要：need+名词或need+to+v.……

(1)Heneedsanumber2bus.他需乘2路车。

(2)Youneedtotakeataxi.你需要乘出租车。

关于口语的教学建议

本单元的教学活动主要是围绕问路这一主题展开。而这个主题可为口语练习提供丰富的素材和场景，所以口语教学是本单元的重点。

(1)第20课是简单的询问方向。要求学生在熟练掌握表示方向的介词用法的基础上，利用图片和媒体资料创设情景，进行口语练习。例如：教师在黑板上画出一张简易地图，用各种的形状的硬纸片上面写上不同的地点，分别贴在公路两侧。如图所示：

然后让学生就内容进行对话练习。教师可以用顶针的手法连续进行快速提问，以锻炼学生的反应能力和句型熟练程度如：Whereistheschool

Itisnexttothehospital.WhereisthehospitalItisinfrontofthe

factory.WhereisthefactoryItisbehindthehotel.

然后，教师可以重新调整图片的位置，让学生再进行练习。

(2)在22课的对话教学中，教师在教学过程

中可以先让预习好的学生做表演，在表演的过程中，边演边总结问路的三种情况：第一种情况是指明路线。第二种情况是乘车的回答。第三种情况是不知路线的答复。然后，再请学生进行替换词练习。教师可以设计一个问路的情景，将学生分成三个大组，每个大组选择上述一种情况。每个大组又以两人为单位分成几个小组，进行练习。每个大组选出一个练习情况好的小组代表本组进行角色表演。情景设计如下：Mike

movesintonewhouse.Oneday,herfriendLilywanttoseeher.Butshedoesn’t

knowtheway.WhatcanshedoAtthismoment,aboycomesuptoher.Howdoes

Maryasktheway

(3)在24

课的口语练习中，学生可进一步加大练习的综合性，使这个练习更贴近实际生活，给学生更多的发挥的空间。教师只提供地图和要去的地点，要学生自己设计情景，编写对话，教师出示问题where

isBHowcanIgettoBfromAWhereisCHowtogettoCfromBHowcanI

gettoAfromC

下面是学生设计情景和对话：

Maryisgoingtothetheatertoseeaconcert.Butshedoesn’tknowthe

way.Sosheaskapoliceman.

Mary:Excuseme!Iwanttogotothetheater.Whereisthetheater

Policeman:Itisnexttothefactory,infrontofthelibrary.

Mary:Canyoutellmethewaytothetheater

Policeman:Walkalongthisroad;turnleftatthefirstturning.Go

straightthestreet.Thetheaterisontheleftoftheroad.Itisaboutthree

milesfromhere.

Mary:Thankyou.

Whentheconcertisover,Maryistired;shewantstogohomebybus.So

sheasksthepolicemanagainhowtogettothebusstation.Butwhenshegets

tobusstation,itistoolate,andtherearenobusesinit.soshehastoask

thewaythreetimestogethome.(问路具体内容模仿本课第二十二课对话内容)

总之，教师在安排口语练习时应逐步的从简单到复杂，由单项到综合，由机械训练到学生自由的表演。

有关听力的教学建议

本单元的听力教学难点在于如何听懂指路人的指令，从而找到要去的地点。

教师可以在学生听第一遍时，先找出出发点和目的地。然后，看一下地图，迅速判断一下应该怎样走，并要求学生用英语讲出自己设计的路线。然后在听第二遍后，再按照材料的内容，在地图上画出相应的路线，并验证与自己设计路线是否一致，这样有助于分解听力难度，帮助学生排除听力障碍。

教师可以组织一个小游戏以训练学生听清有关指令，在教室中摆几个路牌如theBeijingzoo.theBeijinguniversity

等。两个学生分别向对方讲述所要去的路线。看那个学生先找到要去的地点。教师可以拿表计时，当裁判。教师对先到达目标的同学进行奖励。(注意学生需要按照对方所提供的路线到达目标)要求学生必需先听完指令再开始行动。

有关单词教学建议

本单元第一课表示地点和方向的单词比较多。建议教师在设计练习时把表示方向的介词和表示地点的名词结合在一起练习，教师使用图片教学，效果较佳。如：教师向学生出示一张银行的图片如课本page

iv,，教师进行介绍Thisisabank.然后将图片贴在黑板上。教师出示一张书店的图片如课本pageiv,教师进行介绍Thisisa

shop.将图片贴在银行的前面。分别指着图向大家介绍：Theshopisinfrontofthebank.通过演示让学生体会infrontof

的含义。接着，教师在把商店的图片换成博物馆或厕所的图片，引导学生说出themuseum/thetoiletisinfrontofthe

bank.随后，教师可以将图片交换位置，使学生能够更加熟练的掌握介词的用法。使用同样的办法可以讲解其它单词。

学法指导

本单元的话题是用英语问路。“询问方向”(Askingfordirections)及特点方向(Giving

directions)。因此，可采用大量的操练来让学生熟悉句型。同时重点掌握表示方位的介词短语以及简单的询问方向、指点方向的方法，并达到实现交际的目的。

Heneedssomehelp.他需要一些帮助。

这里，need作及物动词是需要的意思。例如：Ineedyourhelp。Need还可以后面接动词不定式例如：Ineedtohavea

rest.(我需要休息)除此而外，need还可以做情态动词。但只用于某些疑问句和否定句中。它的一般疑问句的回答方式往往用must

和needn’t来回答。例如：Needyouleavesosoon

–Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn’t.

You’dbettercatchabus.你最好乘车去。

You’dbetter是youhadbetter的缩写形式，情态动词，后面接动词原形。其否定式为hadbetternotto

do。它常带有威胁，告诫或催促的含义。例如：

Itisverycoldoutside.Youhadbetterputonyour

sweater.(外面冷，你最好穿上毛衣)

Theteacherisveryangry.Youhadbetternotbelate

again.(老师生气了，你最好不要再迟到)

catchabus意为“乘车”、“赶车”，和takeabus意义接近，但不完全相同。takeabus指“乘坐”，和介词短语“by

bus”,“inabus”差不多，它们都指方式，交通手段，和其他手段相区别，而catchabus指行动为争取能赶上汽车。如：

Youmaygotherebybus.(=Youmaytakeabusthere.)你们乘公共汽车却那儿吧。

比较infrontof和in/atthefrontof的不同。

in/atthefrontof是指在某一范围内的前面。而infrontof是指在某一范围以外的前面。如图：

例如：thecarstopsinthefrontofthegate,andthedriverinfrontofcar

openthedoorofthedoor.汽车停在大门前，车前座的司机把车门打开。

Theotherstudentsintheclasskeeptheireyesclosed.班里的其他学生闭上眼睛。

keep+名词/代词+形容词，表示使某人或某物保持某种状态。此句型为主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。例如：

Wemustkeepourroomcleanandtidy.(我们必需保持屋子的干净和整洁)

同样的例子还有：

Don’tcallmelittleTom.(不要再叫我小汤姆了。)

“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构

此结构的含义为“使(宾语)处于……(状态)”。其中的“宾补”成分可以由很多结构充当。如形容词、介词短语、名词(组)或动词的-ing形式等。

“keepsb./sth.+形容词”结构，如在keepone’seyes

closed这一短语中，动词keep表示“保持”，形容词closed表示“闭着”。连起来可理解为“使眼睛闭着状态”，即“闭着眼”。再如：

Keeptheboxopen,please.请让这个箱子开着。

Thislittlegirlalwayskeepsherroomniceandclean.这个小女孩总是使房间保持美观整洁。

“keepsb./sth.+介词短语”也是一种常用结构，如：

Don’tcomein,Imustkeepyououtsidethedoor.别进来，我得把你堵在门外面。

Hekepthishandsbehindhisback.他一直把手放在背后。

“keepsb./sth.+动词-ing”结构的用法，这个结构意为“让某人或某物(长时间地)进行着某个动作”。如：

TheteacherkeptBobstandingfortenminutes.老师让Bob站了十分钟。

辨析along，down和up

作介词时，它们均能表示“顺着”，“沿着”，后面一般接表示河流，街道，道路的名词。如：

Godown/alongthisroadandtakethefirstturningontheleft.

沿着这条马路走，在第一个拐弯处向左拐。

Weoftentakeawalkalong/down/uptheroad.我们经常沿着这条路散步。

要注意的是：介词“down”有时含有“在下游”的意思，介词“up”则含有“在上游”的意思。如：

Thehouseis300metresup/downtheriver.房子在这条河上游/下游300米处。

down含有离说话人而去的意思，介词up则含朝说话人而来之意，along不强调方向。试比较：

Who’sthemancomingup/goingdowntheroad沿着这条路走来/走去的那个人是谁

另外，介词up有向上之意，介词down则有“往下”之意。如：

Thecatisrunningupthetree.猫正往树上爬去。

Thedogsarerunningdownthehill.狗正从山上跑下来。

这三个词还可用作副词，意为“向前”，如：

Thefarmisabout30metresalong.农场大约在前面30米远处。

Pleasewalkdown.Dontcomeup.请往前走，别朝这儿来。

教学设计示例

Lesson21

Period:TheFirstperiod

Content:Lesson21

Properties:Map,recorder.

TeachingObjectives:Showplacesonthemap;askforandgivedirectionsin

thesimplestway.

LanguageFocus:

infrontof,nextto,ontheleft/rightside,Thankyouallthesame.

TeachingProcedures:

I.Organizingtheclass

Greetingandadutyreport.

II.Revision

Revisethelanguagefocusinthelastunit.

Ⅲ.Leading-in

1.Makeconversationswithseveralstudents,like

Teacher:Excuseme.Where’sthenearest…

Excuseme.Howfaris__×(animportantplacenearschool)

Isthere__×nearourschool

Students:Answerwiththehelpoftheteacher

Teacher:Thankyouverymuch.

Thankyouallthesame.

2.(Tostudents)AreyougoodatdistinguishingdirectionsAreyoualways

readytohelpsomeonewhocan’tfindhisway

Ⅳ.Practice

1.Lookatthepictureinthebookandaskstudentstoworkinpairsto

practiseshowingplaces,usingprepositionalphraseslike“nextto,infrontof,

behind,outsideandontheleft/rightside”

eg.There’saschoolnexttothesupermarket.Infrontof/behindthe

school,there’samarket.

2.Call3pairstosayouttheirdialogues.

V.Teachingdialogues

1.Showstudentssomemapsandaskthemfordirections,usingthepatterns

inthebook.

Excuseme.Where’sthenearest__×

2.Listentothetape.

3.Readthedialogueinthebook

4.Game:Whichplaceisit

(Withthehelpofamap,onwhichsomeplacesaremarked).

Onestudentdescribesthelocation,asksotherstudentstoguessthe

place.

Ⅵ.Consolidation

Gooverthelesson.

Ⅶ.Exercisesinclass

Fillintheblanks

1.There’sacinemanext____theshop.

2.____theleftsideoftheroom,there’sadesk.

3.-I’msorryIcan’thelpyou.-_____________.

4.Pleasecometothefrontandstand____________theclass.

Key:to,on,Thankyouallthesame,infrontof.

Completethedialogue

A:_______________,whereisthenearestpolicestation,please

B:I’m_______,Idon’tknow.Please________thatman.

A:Thankyou______________________.Excuseme,whereisthepolice

station,please

C:_______overthere,next________thepostoffice.

A:Thankyou_______________.

C:Not_______________.

Key:Excuseme,sorry,ask,allthesame,It’s,to,verymuch,atall.

Ⅷ.Homework

Make2dialoguesaskingfordirections(drawmaps).

Ⅸ.Thedesignoftheblackboard

Lesson

21

Where’s…

It’snexttothe…/infrontofthe…

/behindthe…/outsidethe…/ontheleft/right

side.

教学设计示例

Lesson22

TeachingObjectives:Dialoguesofaskingforandgivingdirections.

Properties:Taperecorder,Map,Overheadprojector

LanguageFocus:

Askingfordirections:Isthereabanknearhere

Where’sthenearesthospital,please

Givingdirections:Goalongthisroad.

Takethefirstturningontheright.

It’saboutahundredmetresalongontheleft.

It’sabout6kilometersalong.

Expressingneeds:Heneedssomehelp.

Youtakeanumber16bus.

whichnumberdoItake

You’dbetter(not)asksb.forsth.

TeachingProcedures:

I.Organizingtheclass

Greetingsandapresentation.

II.Revision

Revisethewaysofaskingforandgivingdirectionsinasimpleway.

III.Leading-in

Theteacherasksseveralstudentsthedirectionstosomeplacesnear

school,usingdifferentwaysofaskingfordirections.Asksbtogive

directions.

Excuseme.Where’sthepeople’sHospital

CouldyoutellmethewaytoBeijingzoo,please

Excuseme,whichisthewaytoPurpleBambooPark

IsthereaMacdonald’snearhere

VI.Practice

1.Showwaysofaskingforandgivingdirectionsonaflashcard.

2.Groupwork:Sbworkingroupstoaskforandgivedirections.

3.Actout

X.Listenandread