2020高考英语二轮复习40分阅读限时练(七)+Word版含解析

英语学习讲义英语学习讲义好好努力梦想终会实现 好好努力梦想终会实现 --40分阅读限时练（七）阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2019兰州市模拟]ShareYourChineseCultureEmoji （表情符号）DesignsandWinPrizesWhichsymbolbestrepresentsChinesecultureinyoureyes?Isitthepanda,kungfu,ortheGreatWall?Here'syourchancetodecidewhatemojisbestrepresentChineseculture!TheChinaDailyEmojiDesignContestforChineseCulturalSymbolsiscallingforentriesfromallovertheworld!Nomatterthestyle,shareyourcreativeideaswithus!AllwinningdesignswillbesharedandpromotedontheChinaDailyapp,andwinningdesignerswillreceiveprizes!Soletyourcreativejuicesflow!ThemeTheemojisshouldbecenteredaroundthesubjectofChineseculture,presentingclassicorpopularculturalimagesintheformofemojis.Whocanparticipate?ProfessionaldesignersDesignenthusiastsAnybodywholovesemojisAllnationalitiesarewelcomedAwardsFirstprize:6,000yuan,withacertificateofhonorSecondprize:3,000yuan,withacertificateofhonorThirdprize:1,000yuan,withacertificateofhonorThemostpopularaward:theprizewinnervotedbyonlineusersWhentosubmit?FromnowtillNov.25Onlinevoting:Nov.26toDec.7ResultannouncementTheendofDecemberRequirements.Worksshouldbesubmittedonlinewithrequiredpersonalinformation.Maximumofthreeworkscanbesubmittedbyeachapplicant.Onlyoneprizewillbeawardedtooneparticipantevenifmorethanoneworkbythesamedesignerisselected.Submittedworksmustbeagroup,with8to16emojisineachgroup.Formats:jpg/png/gif/jpge.Size：240x240Px.Eachpictureshouldnotexceed（超过）100K,andthesizeofeachgroupshouldnotexceed1.6M.Theworktitle,designingideasandculturalmeaningshouldbesubmittedasrequired.•OrganizerChinaDailyWebsite体裁：应用文题材：广告主题：设计中国文化表情符号的参赛信息【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了设计中国文化表情符号的参赛信息，包括比赛主题、参赛对象、奖品、提交作品时间【难句分析】 Here'syourchancetodecidewhatemojisbestrepresentChineseculture!分析：句中whatemojisbestrepresentChineseculture为what弓I导的宾语从句，作及物动词decide的宾语译文：这是你来决定什么表情符号最能代表中国文化的机会！WhichprizeisdecidedbyInternetvoting?A.Firstprize.B.Secondprize.C.Thirdprize.D.Mostpopularaward.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词 prize定位至Awards部分；由该部分中的“Themostpopularaward:theprizewinnervotedbyonlineusers可知，最受欢迎奖由网友投票选出；故D项正确。Whencanaparticipantgettheresultofthedesigncontest?A.OnNov.25.B.OnNov.26.C.OnDec.7.D.AttheendofDecember.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词 theresult定位至Resultannouncement部分；由该部分“TheendofDecember可知，在十二月底揭晓参赛结果，故D项正确。Accordingtotherequirements,aparticipantcansubmitonlyoneworktwoworksatleastthreeworksatmostasmanyworksasheorshelike答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据Requirements部分中的“Maximumofthreeworkscanbesubmittedbyeachapplicant可知，C项正确。B[2019太原阶段测评]InthefarcornerofthefrontyardofalargehouseinFloridarestsanRV—RecreationalVehicle（活动房屋式旅游车），shadedbytreesasclothingonanearbylineswaysinthebreeze.InthisRV,NationalGeographicexplorerThomasCulhaneliveswithhiswife,Enas,almostentirelyoffthegrid-alifestylewithoutrelyingonelectricitysupply.Culhanebeganlivingoffthegridinthelate1990s,whenhewentintothebasementofhisapartmentbuildinginLosAngelesandpulledtheplugthatdeliveredelectricity.Evenearlierthough,hewasfirstinspiredbysustainablelivingduringatripin1970tovisithisrelatives.Hewaseightyearsoldandworriedthathisstayintheirsmallvillagewasgoingtobemiserablebecausehisrelativestoldhimtheyhadnoairconditioningorelectricity-buttheyhadplentyoffreshfruitsfromorchards（果园）andlotsofcolddrinkschilledbytheicystreamfromtheicecapsofthenearbymountain."Thisisamazing,"saysCulhane.HemetEnaswhenshewaslivinginanecovillageinPortugal.Enassaidshelikedthefeelingofbeinglow-impact,ofbeingvirtuallyharmlesstotheearth.Culhanewasimpressedandfellinlovewithher.Thecouplegotmarried,livingonthesamepropertythattheycurrentlyhave.Theymovedintotheirfirsthometogether-anRVwhichtheypromptlytookcompletelyoff-grid.InsidetheirRV,CulhaneandEnashavehotshowers,aworkinggasstove,arefrigerator,awashingmachineandabigscreenTVTheyusegascreatedbytheiron-sitebiodigesters（生物煮解器）tocookonagas-poweredstove.Theyalsouseenergycreatedbythebiodigesterstoheattheirbathwater.Theyfeedthebiodigestersusingtheirownfoodwaste——atnoadditionalcosttotheearth.Sometimesonweekends,theRVisturnedintoaclassroom.Thecouplehostworkshopstoletthecommunitymembersandstudentsknowlivinganoff-gridlifeisgettingeasierandteachthemhowtorespectandcoexistpeacefullywiththeenvironment.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历 主题：自给自足的生活【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 Culhane和Enas这对夫妇在活动房屋式旅游车中自给自足的生活。【难句分析】 Thecouplegotmarried,livingonthesamepropertythattheycurrentlyhave.分析：本句是一个简单句。living…currentlyhave作伴随状语；thattheycurrentlyhave作后置定语，修饰先行词property。译文：这对情侣结婚了，依靠他们当前拥有的同一所房产生活。WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph2?Addsomebackgroundinformation.Summarizethepreviousparagraph.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可推知，本段主要介绍了Culhane居住在活动房屋式旅游车里之前的一些背景信息。WhatattractedCulhanemostwhenhefirstmetEnas?Hermarriageproperty.Theircommonlifebelief.Thebeautyofherecovillage.Herexperienceofexploration.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 “Enassaidshelikedthefeelingofbeinglow-impact,ofbeingvirtuallyharmlesstotheearth.Culhanewasimpressedandfellinlovewithher”可推知，当Culhane第一次见到Enas的时候，最吸引他的是他们共同的人生信念。Whatdothebiodigestersproduce?A.Foodwaste.B.Additionalcosts.C.Greenhousegases.D.Alternativeenergy.答案与解析：d考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的 “Theyusegas...toheattheirbathwater可知，生物煮解器可产生替代能源。Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?AnRVClassroomLivingofftheGridGettingClosetoNatureProtectingtheEnvironment答案与解析：B考查标题判断。通读全文内容，尤其是第一段最后一句中的“ThomasCulhaneliveswithhiswife,Enas,almostentirelyoffthegrid—alifestylewithoutrelyingonelectricitysupply”,第二段第一句话中的“Culhanebeganlivingoffthegridinthelate1990s”和最后——段中的“Thecouplehostworkshopstoletthecommunitymembersandstudentsknowlivinganoff-gridlifeisgettingeasier”可知，本文主要讲述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇完全脱离电力供应，住在活动房屋式旅游车中的自给自足的生活，故选B。C[2019武昌调研]TheMandarin（普通话）-speakingfigurespinsarounda360-degreerestaurantsceneinanartificialintelligence-driveninstructionprogramthatlookslikeagiantvideogame.RensselaerPolytechnicInstitutestudentstestingthetechnologymoveinsidethe12-foot-highprojection（投影）toordervirtualbeancurdfromthepandawaiter,chatwithBeijingmarketsellersandpracticeTaichibymirroringmovesofawatchfulteacher.aDefinitelylessanxietythanmessingitupwitharealhumanbeing,"saysRahulDivekar,acomputersciencegraduatestudent."Socomparedtothatanxiety,thisisalotmoreeasy.TheMandarinProjectisajointenterpriseofRPIandIBM.CognitiveandImmersiveSystemsLaboratoryresearchersaredevelopingasortofsmartroomthatcanunderstandstudents'words,answertheirquestionsandobservetheirgestures.Lessonsarepresentedasgamesortasks,likeorderingameal.DivekarordersPekingduck—“Beijingkaoya”一andthepandafetchesthevirtualdish.Divekarsaysthefoodisgood—“Caihenhaochi”—buthecan'tpaythebill.Noproblem,thepandareplies—“Nikeyixipanzi”一youcanwashthedishes.Otherscenesincludeanoutdoormarketandagarden,eachahigechtwistonculturalimmersion.“OurplanistocompleteseveralscenesofreallifeinChina,toletthestudentbeabletohaveavirtualtripoverthere“saysHuiSu,directorofthelabatRPI.TestsontheroomwithstudentsstudyingMandarinwillcontinuethisschoolyearastheyworkonadditionalscenes,includinganairport.Asix-weekcourseisbeingreadiedforthesummer.TheMandarinProjectisnotableforitsscaleandcomplexity.Computersinterpretspeechandgesturetokeepadialoguegoing.Whenastudentpointstoapictureandasks"What'sthat?”computerscancomeupwithananswer.Still,languageteachersneednotfearfortheirjobsjustyet.DevelopersoftheMandarinProjectsayitisn'tadvancedenoughrightnowtocompletelyreplaceclassroominstruction.RPIpresidentShirleyAnnJacksonforeseesthesametypeoftechnologybeingappliedtootherspaces,suchascorporateboardrooms.“We'renotattheendoftheline,"Jacksonsays,“butclosertothebeginning.体裁：说明文题材：科技主题：一项帮助学生学习普通话的新技术【语篇解读】 美国伦斯勒理工学院和国际商业机器公司共同开发了一种帮助人们学习普通话的新技术，它通过让学生做一些场景中的任务或游戏来学习，让学生感到很放松。【难句分析】 DevelopersoftheMandarinProjectsayitisn'tadvancedenoughrightnowtocompletelyreplaceclassroominstruction.分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中“itisn'tadvancedenoughrightnowtocompletelyreplaceclassroominstruction是省略了that的宾语从句，作say的宾语；advanced意为“先进的，高级的”。译文：这个普通话项目的开发者们说它现在还不够先进，无法完全取代教室授课。WhatistheadvantageoflearningviatheMandarinProject?A.Itisthrilling.B.Itisrelaxing.C.Itiseffective.D.Itisdemanding.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句 “Socomparedtothatanxiety,thisisalotmoreeasy可知，这个普通话项目的优势在于它能让学生学习普通话时感到很放松，故 B项正确。HowdostudentslearnChineseintheMandarinProject?Bydoingtestsinthesmartrooms.Bylearningfromlanguageteachers.ByplayingvideogameswithChinese.Byconductingtasksindesignedsituations.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句 "Lessonsarepresentedasgamesortasks,likeorderingameal以及第四段和第五段的内容可推知，这个普通话项目是通过让学生在一些设计好的场景中执行任务来学习汉语的，故D项正确。Whichofthefollowingscenesistobedeveloped?Orderingfood.PracticingTaichi.Waitingattheairport.Buyingthingsinamarket.答案与解析：c考查细节理解。根据第七段第一句 "TestsontheroomwithstudentsstudyingMandarinwillcontinuethisschoolyearastheyworkonadditionalscenes,includinganairport可知，在飞机场候机这个场景有待开发，故C项正确。Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?Languageteacherswillbejoblesssoon.Thetechnologyhasapromisingfuture.Thetechnologyhascometoanend.MoreforeignerswilllearnChinese.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句 “RPIpresidentShirleyAnnJacksonforeseesthesametypeoftechnologybeingappliedtootherspaces,suchascorporateboardroom何矢口，ShirleyAnnJackson预测这种技术将会用于其他场所，并结合 Jackson所说的话可推知，这项技术有一个光明的未来，故 B项正确。D[2019桂林市，贺州市调研]Thenexttimeyoumakeyourselfahotcupofteaorcoffee,youmightwanttoletitcooldownabitbeforedrinking.Researcherssaylettingyourhotdrinkscooloffcouldhelpyouavoidsomekindsofcancer.Infact,theUnitedNations'cancerresearchagencydecidestolisthotdrinkswithlead,gasolineandexhaustfumesas“possiblycarcinogenic（致癌的）”.Inotherwords,eachonecouldcausecancer.ResearchersattheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancerfoundevidencethatdrinksattemperaturesabove65degreesCelsius,whenswallowed,cancausecanceroftheesophagus^!）.Theresearchersexaminedfindingsfromotherstudieswhereteaandcoffeewereoftenservedat70degreesCelsiusorabove.ThosestudieswerecompletedinChinaandSouthAmerica.Indevelopedcountries,healthexpertshavelinkedesophagealcancertosmokingandalcoholicdrinks.However,thisformofcancerismorecommoninareaswherepeoplehavedrinksatveryhightemperatures.InEuropeandtheUnitedStates,manypeopledrinkcoffeeandteaattemperaturesaround60degreesCelsius.Andtheyoftenaddmilkwhichlowersthetemperatureconsiderably.However,tea-drinkersinSouthAmericaoftenenjoytheirbeveragesatcloserto70degreesCelsius.In1991,theWorldHealthOrganizationlistedcoffeeas“possiblycarcinogenic”.WHOofficialshavesincechangedtheirpositiononthatlisting.Theynowsuggestthatthetemperatureofyourhotdrinkisagreaterriskfactorthantheactualdrinkitself.ChristopherWildisthedirectoroftheIARC.Hesaidthattheresultssuggestthatdrinkingveryhotbeveragesisoneprobablecauseofesophagealcancerandthatitisthetemperature,ratherthanthedrinksthemselves,thatappearstoberesponsible.体裁：说明文题材：健康饮食 主题：饮料过热将对健康产生不利影响【语篇解读】 研究发现，饮用过热的饮料可能会引发食道癌，因此最好等到饮料冷却之后再喝。【难句分析】 Thenexttimeyoumakeyourselfahotcupofteaorcoffee,youmightwanttoletitcooldownabitbeforedrinking.分析：句中“Thenexttime”引导时间状语从句；cooldown意为“冷却下来”。译文：下次你给自己沏杯热茶或咖啡时，你可能想在喝之前让它冷却一下。Whomostprobablysuffersfromcanceroftheesophagus?Agirlwholikescoldmilk.Amanwhodrinksveryhottea.Awomanwholikescoffee.AmanwhoworksatIARC.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段“ResearchersattheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancerfoundevidencethatdrinksattemperaturesabove65degreesCelsius,whenswallowed,cancausecanceroftheesophagus食道）”可知，喝温度在65C以上的饮料会引发食道癌，故选B。WhydidtheWHOremovecoffeefrom“possiblycarcinogenic"list?Becausepeopledon'tlikecoffeeanylonger.Becausepeopledrinkcoffeeat60degreesCelsius.Becausecoffeehasnothingtodowithcancers.Becausetemperatureismoredangerousthancoffeeitself.答案与解析：d考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“WHOofficialshavesincechangedtheirpositiononthatlisting.Theynowsuggestthatthetemperatureofyourhotdrinkisagreaterriskfactorthantheactualdrinkitself”可知，世界卫生组织之所以将咖啡从 “可能致癌”清单上去掉，是因为热饮的温度对健康的影响更大，故选 DoHowdoestheauthormainlysupportthethemeofthetext?Bystudyingexamples.Bystartingarguments.Byprovidingresearchresults.Byexplainingstatisticaldata.答案与解析：C考查写作手法。根据文章第一段、第三段、第四段、第五段以及第八段的内容可知，作者是通过叙述研究结果以及研究者的观点来支撑本文的主题的，即过热的饮料会引发食道癌，故选C。干扰项分析：文章没有研究不同的案例，没有分析对比统计数据，也没有展开辩论，故A、B、D三项不符合题意。Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?HotDrinksLinkedtoCancerReduceHavingHotDrinksDangerofDrinkingHotDrinksHealthyDrinks答案与解析：a考查标题判断。根据第一段第二句 aResearcherssaylettingyourhotdrinkscooloffcouldhelpyouavoidsomekindsofcancer'和第/l段中的“itisthetemperature,ratherthanthedrinksthemselves,thatappearstoberesponsilDle并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即过热的饮料会引发食道癌，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2019重庆联考]Itisknowntousallthatthinkingisagoodthing.However,somepeopledon'tdoitenough,whilesomepeopleoverthinkeverything.Ifyou'reanoverthinker,itcanbeexhaustingrunningthroughallthepossibilitiesofeverything.It'snotgoodthatthewhat-ifsrunyourlifeandyouaretrapped.__1__Herearesomesignsthatyouareanoverthinker,evenifyoudon'tfeelyouare.2Whydidn'tthegirllookatme?AndwhydidPeterlookawaysofast?Whatdoesitallmean?Whenyou'reanoverthinker,youtendtofindmeaningintheworldaroundyou.It'shelpfultoremindyourselfthatthingsmeanthemeaningyougivethem.Youthinkmorethanyoudo.Sometimesyouthinksomuchthatyoudon'tendupdoinganything.Youweighthechoices,decidewhichisthebest,andcompareitwithanewcho