2023年高一英语竞赛试题

高一英语竞赛试题第一部分:单项选择(每小题1分，计20分)１.---ＷｈａtdｏesＳaraｈ’smanａｇeｒthinkｏｆｈeｒ？－--Heｈasavｅryhｉgｈ_____ofｈeｒｗork.A.iｄeａＢ．ａdviｃeC．thoｕｇhｔD．opinion2．Ａsｗｅａllknow,dｅafpeoｐleuｓesiｇnlanguageｔｏ____＿_.A．eｘpｒeｓsB.excｈangeC.coｍmunicatｅD．ｅxpｌaiｎ3.－－-NancylikeｓsｕrfingthｅInterｎeｔbｕtshｅisｎ’tfｏndoｆｌiｓteｎｉngtoｐoｐｍusic．SoｉtiswithKarenB.SodoesKａrenＣ.SｏｉｓＫａrenD．SoKａreｎdｏｅs4.Iｓhａllneｖerundeｒstanｄｈoｗit___thaｔyoｕｗeｒeaｎhourlａｔefoｒｔheｉmpoｒｔanｔmeeting.A．tookplaceB．cａmeｉｎＣ.cameaｂｏutD．ｃameｏut5.Whenｙoｕcｏｍeherｅfｏｒｙｏuｒhoｌidaynexttime,don’tｇｏto____hｏｔｅl;Iｃanfindyｏu_＿_bedinmyflaｔ.the,ＸＢ.ａ，theC．ａ,XD.tｈe，ａ６．–HiJａnｅ.Hｏｗniceｙouhavecｏme!Cｏmeｉnand_____.－-Thanｋyou.Whataｗonｄeｒfulhouｓｅ！A.helpyouｒsｅlｆB.mａｋeyｏｕrseｌfathｏmeC.bｅfreｅyoｕｒselfD.haveａlｏokaｔmｙhouse．7.HｅnryAdａms,for____mｏneywasｎownotａprｏblem,wantｅｄｔostaｙｉnａexpｅnｓiｖehoｔel．A.whｉｃhＢ.himC．ｗhoｓeD.whom8.Iｔhoughtherkindaｎdhelpful_＿_＿_Ｉmethｅr．forthefirｓtｔimｅB．everytiｍeＣ.ｔhｅfirｓttiｍｅＤ.fiｒsttｉme9.TeｌｌｉngBoｂhenｏｌoｎｇeｒhａdaposiｔｉoｎiｎthecompanywasanuｎpleａｓanｔ____forｔheｍａｎaｇer.Ａ.workB.ｄｕtyC.tａskＤ.mｅａｎs１0.Ｔhefiｒｓtdaｙｏnthejob，Ｒoｙgotoffonｔｈewrongfootbyｔｅllinghisbossaｓtｕpidjoｋe.Theundｅrｌinedphｒaseｍeans“__＿__＿__”.ｋnockedattheｄoorB.hadabadstaｒtC.didａstｕpｉdjobＤ.ｅntereｄawrｏnｇroom11.Ｇreatchangeshａveｔａkeｎpｌaｃｅｉｎmyｈoｍｅtown．Ｉtisquｉtｅdiffeｒｅntfrｏm_＿__ｉtｗasｆｉveyearsaｇｏ.Ａ.wｈereＢ.whｉchC.tｈeoｎeD.ｔhat１２.Jａnewasalonｅinthｅwoｒlｄ＿____anａuntinBrazil．A.eｘceｐｔfoｒB.exｃeptC.ｂeｓidｅｓD.eｘceptthat13.--－Hashelivedｈereforalｏngtｉme?--－Ｎotveryｌong,______ｈewａsｍademayoｒofthisciｔy．A.fromB.wheｎＣ.sinceC.ａfｔer1４．－－－Diｄyousａyiｔｗouｌｄgetcolｄerthiｓafterｎooｎ?－-－Yｅs.Ｉｃan____＿ｙou．A.prｏｍiｓeB.admｉtC．ａｎｓｗｅrD.prove1５.-－－Ａnnwillbesｅntabｒoadverｙsoon.--－Shｅneverdreａmed___＿＿＿suchａchanｃe．A．tobeB.ｔheｒetobeC．ofthｅreｂeiｎgＤ.oftｈeｒeｔobe１6.IｌｉsteｎedtoDr.Ｊohn’sｌecｔｕreａboutbioloｇy，ｂutＩfailｅｄtｏgetitskey__＿＿_.A．wordsB．pｏintsＣ.noteｓD．ｍessaｇes17.HoweverharｄItrｉedtooｐenｔhｅdoor,itjｕst＿＿____open．A.shｏuｌｄｎ’tB.ｗｏuldn’tＣ.ｃouｌdn’ｔD．mightn’ｔ18.Youmuｓthavewｏｒkedasateacｈeｒbefoｒeyoutｕrnedwｒitｅr,____＿you?A.haven’ｔＢ.hａdn’tC.diｄn’tD.don’t19.---WhｅredidyoｕmeetＭｒ.Smｉth?－-－Ｉtwａsintｈehotel___＿_hesｔayed.Ａ.thatB.ｗhereＣ.wｈiｃhＤ.as2０．Belｉeveitoｒnot,theboyhisfaｔherconsidereｄ＿＿_＿__veryhardfａiledｉntheimpｏrtａnｔexaｍｉｎatｉon．A．ｗoｒkｉngB.tｏｗorkC.toｈavewｏrｋｅｄD.haｖiｎgworｋｅd第二部分:下面５题中的句子可以组成一篇小短文，请从四个选项中选出最佳答案；然后，根据理解,将５个选项进行重新排列，选出短文的最佳排列顺序。（选择答案,每小题1分；短文排序5分,计10分)２1.Ｗｈilｅitｍａｙsoundｓcarｙ,theｏｐeｒatiｏnisquiｔe_＿＿_＿.A.noｒｍalＢ.orｄｉnａrｙC.ｃｏmmｏnＤ.ｕsｕａl22.Unlｉkeｉmportantｐａrtｌikeｔheheaｒtaｎｄluｎgs,＿___＿_,theａpｐendixserｖｅsnopurｐose．Ａ.OｆcｏurseB．InaｗorｄC.IｎgeneralD．Ｉnfact２３.Youmayｈavｅheardoｆａpｐeｎｄiｃiｔｉs(阑尾炎).That’s＿＿__theapｐendｉxbｅcomeｓinfected（感染)anｄｎeeｄstobｅｒeｍoved.Ａ.ｗherｅB.ｗｈenC.wｈatD.whｉｃh24.Whatisanappendix(阑尾)?Wearｅａllｂornwｉｔhanａppenｄｉxbｕtｎｏteveryｏne____.A.leavｅsB.nｅedsC.stａｙsＤ.kｅｅps2５.Iｔｗａsuｓedtohｅlｐdigestfoｏdthousanｄｓofｙｅarｓago，ｂｕtwe___＿_neeｄiｔ.A.nolｏnｇerB.nｏｍorｅC.nｏt,anyｌｏｎｇerＤ．nｏt，anymore2６．短文排列:A．２4/２2／2５／23/２1B.２４/２5/22/23/21Ｃ.25／24/２2/21/２3D.23/2１/24/２2／25第三部分:完形填空（每小题1分,计20分)Eachspriｎgbriｎgｓａnewbloｓｓom(开花)ｏfwｉldｆｌｏwersｉnｔhedｉtcｈｅs(渠）ａlongthehigｈwayIｔravｅlｄailyｔｏwork.Ｔｈereisonｅ27___＿＿blｕeｆlｏwerｔｈａthaｓalwayscａuｇhｔｍyeye.Iｈave28____thaｔitbｌooms(开花）onlyｉnthe29＿＿__hoｕｒs.Thｅaftｅrｎooｎｓunｉstoo３０_____fｏｒiｔ.Eｖｅryｄayｆｏｒaboｕtｔwoweeks,Iseethosｅbeaｕtifulｆlowers.Ｔｈisspring,I31＿__＿_aｗildflowergardeｎinoｕryard．Ｉcanlookouｔofｔhe32____ｗindoｗwhileｄｏingthediｓhesaｎdｓeetheｆlｏｗeｒｓ.Ihａｖｅｏfteｎ3３＿__＿thａtｔhoselｏveｌyｂluｅfｌowersｆｒomtｈeditcheswｏｕｌd３4＿___greａtinthatbeｄaloｎｇsidｅotherwilｄfｌoｗers．EveｒydayIｄrovepastthｅｆlowｅrs，Iwoulｄ35___＿tomｙsｅlf，“Ｉwillｓtoponmywaｙｈomeanddigtheｍ.”“Ｇｅｅ,Idoｎ’ｔwanttｏgeｔmygood36___＿dirｔy…”Whatevertheｒeａsｏn,I37_＿__ｓtoppedｔｏdiｇｔheｍ.Ｍyhｕｓbandｅvenｇavｅｍeafｏldｉnｇshovel(铁铲）oｎeｄaｙtｏbeusedｆｏｒｔhat3８_＿＿_.Ｏneｄay,onmywayｈomｅfrｏｍwｏrｋ,Iｗａｓ39____toseｅthatthｅｈighwayｄepａrｔｍｅnthａdmowedthedｉtchesandtｈepｒettyｂlueflowerswｅre４0_＿__.Ithouｇｈtｔｏmｙself,“Wａytoｇo,ｙou41＿____tooｌｏｎg.Youｓhｏｕldhavｅdoneitwheｎyｏｕｆｉrstｓａwｔhｅmblooｍｉngtｈisspring．．”Aｗeekagowewereshocｋedaｎdsaｄｄenedｔo４2_____thatmyeldesｔsｉstｅr－ｉn-lａwhasaterminａlbrainｔumor(晚期脑肿瘤).４3__＿_wehavｅn’tbeｅnasclｏsｅaｓwｅａllwouldhaveｌikeｄｔo.Iｃoｕlｄn’thelpbutseｅｔhe44＿___＿ｂetweentheｐreｔtyblueflｏweｒsａｎdtherelatiｏnshipbetweeｎmｙhusｂand’ssisｔerａndｕs．Andyeｓ,4５＿____Isｅethebluefloｗeｒｓagaｉｎ,yｏucanbｅtIwiｌlｓtopand46_＿_＿_ｔhemｔomywildflｏwｅrgarｄen.２７.Ａ.ｐarticularB.ｅxｐensｉｖeC.ｐｒeviｏusＤ.ｃolorful28.A．imａｇｉnedB.felｔC.nｏｔiｃedD.ｈeard2９.Ａ.ｍorｎｉnｇＢ．ｄａytimeC.ｅｖeningD．nigｈt30.A.ｓｔronｇB．ｉmｐｏrtantＣ.coldD．ｕsｅful3１．Ａ.bｏugｈtB.ｒentedＣ.ｓtａｒtｅdD.fｏund32.A.bedroomB.ｈaｌlC.ｓtuｄyD.ｋiｔchｅｎ３3.A.doubtedＢ.thｏughtＣ．ａgｒｅedD.ｊｕdged34.A.sｏuｎdB.lookC．ｔaｓtｅＤ．cｈａnｇe3５.A.wonderB．complainＣ.singＤ．ｓaｙ36.A.carsB.floｗersC.ｃｌｏthesD．hands３7.Ａ.sｅlｄoｍB．soｍｅtimesC．ofｔｅnD.ｎever38.Ａ.saｔisｆａctｉｏｎＢ.ｄiｓａppoinｔmentＣ．puｒposeＤ.anxieｔy39.Ａ．gladB.ｓａddenedC．encouraｇedD．ashamed40.Ａ.uｎhａｐpyB.ｌoneｌｙC．ｇｏｎeD．alive41．A.wａitｅdＢ.drｏveC．wenｔＤ．ｓtopped4２.A.reaｌｉzeＢ.leａｒnC.obsｅrveD．decide43.Ａ.SｕrpｒiｓinglyＢ．ＧeneralｌｙC.ＯbｖiｏuslyD.Unfortunately４4.A.ｌoｖeＢ.diｆfereｎceＣ.seｃretD.conneｃtｉoｎ４5.A．ｓiｎceB．unlｅｓsＣ.ifＤ.ｂeｆｏrｅ４6．A.movｅB．ｓtealC.ridD.pｕll第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、Ｂ、Ｃ、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AＴhedecｉsiontofｕrｔhｅrａllorｐaｒｔofｙoursｔudiesｏｕtsｉdeｙoｕrcｏuntｒyiｓａserｉousoｎe，andｏｎeｗhicｈformostsｔudeｎｔswｉllｈavｅａspｅｃialｌｉfe-loｎgbｅｎefit.IｆｙouｒealizeEnｇlｉshwillｈeｌpyｏuinyourcarｅerａnｄenrichyoｕｒpersoｎallife,yｏuwillfiｎｄthatｃｏmiｎgtoEｎｇｌaｎdtostuｄｙＥｎglishisaveryspｅcialexpｅｒiencethａｔyoｕwiｌlneveｒｆorｇet.ＩamverypｌeaｓｅdtohaveｔhｉsｏpｐortunitｙtoｉnviteyoutojoinourEｎｇliｓhLanｇuageｃouｒｓeｓ.Loｎdonｉsｏnｅoftｈeworld'sｏutｓtandiｎgcuｌturaｌandｔradecenｔｅr.Youｗｉllliveinｏｎeoftheｗｏrｌｄ＇sgreaｔcitiｅs.ItprovideｓtheperｆecｔarrangemeｎtｓinwhiｃｈｔｏleａrnａnｄｄeveｌopEnｇlｉshlangｕageskills.TheiｎｔｅｒｎatｉonａlｂodyｏｆtheｓtuｄｅntｓatteｎdingｃoursesaｔEnｇlishＬanｇｕageＩｎstiｔuｔeｓiｎＬondonｐrovidesaｎａttracｔiｏnｂeｃauseiｔｉｓagoodｃhanceforyouｔｏenjoyoｔherｃｕlturｅsｉnsｕrrouｎｄingsｔoｄｅｖeｌopinｇｐｅｒsonalchａｒａｃter.Aswｅpreｐarefoｒｔｈe21sｔCentury,internaｔionaｌcommunicatｉonｈａｓnevｅｒbｅenmoreimｐｏrtant．Tomaｓteraforｅiｇｎｌaｎgｕaｇeｉsbeｃomiｎgausｅfultoolｆorｔｒaｄe，inｄustrialandprofesｓｉoｎalsuccess.OurａimatthｅＥｎｇlisｈLａnguaｇｅＩnstitutesistodeｖeｌoｐｓtudents'Engliｓｈlangｕagｅskillsinfriｅndlyandhｅlpｆｕlconditions.Supｐorｔedbycｏmputer，videoanｄaｕdioｅquipｍent，anｄuｓiｎｇsoｕndclassrooｍ,ourteamofteaｃhersｗilｌgｕideyoｕthrouｇhyouｒchosencｏｕrseoｆｓtuｄy，youwｉｌlreceiveexceｌｌeｎtsｅrvicｅａnｄaｄｖicｅatevｅｒyｓtage.Ouroｕr-ｏf－clasｓsｕppｏｒｔｓｔafｆwillhｅlｐyousettleinandmaketｈemｏstofｙoｕrｓtaｙｉｎLｏndoｎ.Trulｙ,youｗｉllｅｎjoyｙouｒselfｉｎLonｄｏｎaｎdｍaｋefrieｎdｓhipsthatwｉlｌｌastalifetime.IｈｏｐewｅｃａｎwｅlｃomｅyoutoｔhisexcitｉnｇworldofＬoｎdoｎ.Comeandseｅｕs！VisiｔaclassinanyoftheEｎglishLａｎgｕageIｎstｉtues.ＳeeforyoｕｒseｌfwhywｅencouｒaｇeyoutoｓｔudｙｉnLoｎdon.47．Theｐhraｓe“lｉfe-lｏngbeｎｅfｉt”intheｆiｒstｐaragrａphmeans.A.advａntagｅsｉnstudyＢ.gｏｏdindailylｉｆeＣ.goodｉnalllifｅD.useinwｏｒk48.ThewriterinｖitesyouｔojointhｅirEngｌｉshLangｕagecoｕｒｓｅ,ｂecause．A.LoｎdonisreallyagoodｐlaceforleａrninｇEnｇlishB.yｏucａnｅnjoｙaspecialforeｉgncｕｌtureＣ.LｏndｏniｓagreatinｔerｎaｔionaltraｄｅcenteｒＤ.ｃomputerscａnteachyoutoｌeａrｎEｎｇｌｉshwelｌ49.Thｅmａiｎｐurposeｏfthetextiｓ．A．ｔoｉntroducesomethingaboutＬonｄonＢ.toleｔｋnowthｅimportaｎceｏｆｌearnｉngEnglｉshC.tｏtelｌｕsthesｋilｌsoflearningEnｇlｉｓhＤ.totellustｈateducaｔioｎiｎLondoｎisfrｅe50.Thｉspasｓageisa.Ａ．sｔｏryＢ.ｎovelＣ．lettｅrＤ.adｖertisemeｎtBＬastweekthemａnａgeｒofａnｏldjeｗｅlleｒ'sｓhoprｅceiｖedａlettｅrｍaｒked“pｅrｓonal"，soofｃoｕrsehissecretａryｇavｅiｔtoｈｉmｕnopeｎed.Asheｗasｖeｒybuｓy,theｌetterlayoｎｈiｓdesktｉｌlteａ-ｔｉmｅ.Thenheopeneｄｉtａnｄａ￡10noteｆeｌlｏｕtontohｉｓdeｓｋ．Ｗithｔhｅnotewasａshortｌetteｒ．Thiｓisｗhaｔitsaid:Deａrsir,In1935Igｏｔｅngaｇｅd.BuｔuｎｆｏｒtunatelyａtthattiｍetherｅｗasaloｔofunemploｙmenｔandＩloｓｔmｙjｏb.IｗａssixmoｎtｈｓwiｔｈoｕtajoｂaｎｄtｈenIgotｗorkaｇain.Butofcoursewａsverｙsｈortoｆmonｅy.Ｉcamｅtoyｏurshopｔobuyaｗeddingring.Tｈeassistantｂroughtsomerｉnｇsforｍetoloｏｋat，bｕtｓhewascaｌledａwayfｏrａｍｏmeｎt,andIputoneofｔheringsinmypｏcket.Whensｈecameｂaｃk,ＩsaiｄIｄidnｏｔkｎｏwthesizeofmyｇirl－ｆriend'ｓfiｎger.SｏIlefttｈｅshopwithoutbuｙinｇaｒing．ＭywifeｄiedasｈorｔwhｉlｅagｏandthｅfactthatIｎｅｖerpａｉdfｏrherｒinghasｂeeｎｏｎmyconsｃiｅnce(良心)alltheseｙｅaｒs.Aｔtｈetiｍｅtheringcosｔ￡２soＩreｃkon(估计)thatｉsabout￡10aｔtodaｙ＇spriｃe.ＡnｄIamｓenｄingyoutｈaｔaｍoｕnt．Ｙourｓtｒuly,Ａcustoｍer“Wｅlｌ,welｌ，welｌ,"ｓaiｄthemanagｅr,“lｉfeisfｕｌlofsurprisｅs!＂51.Thebestheadｌｉneforｔhｉsaｒtiｃlewｏｕldbe.A.ＡCustomerPａyｓHisBillB.AｎOldＪewellｅr'sSｈopC．ThｅManagｅｒａndthｅＬｅtｔｅrD.ＡＬｅttｅrwith￡１0５2.Whydiｄn'ｔtｈeseｃreｔaryopentｈeletter?Bｅcausｅ.Ａ．hewasveryｂusｙＢ．itwasaｐersonallｅtteｒC.theｒeｗasa￡10noteinｉtD．tｈeletｔerwaｓunｉmｐｏrtａnt5３.Ｗhathaｐpenedtothewｒiterｏfthelｅtteｒｉn1935?Ａ.Ｈewasengaｇedtoagｉrl.B.Hewａsoutofworkforsiｘmｏｎｔhs.Ｃ.Ｈelostaｒing.D.BｏtｈAandB．54.Ｗhatwaｓtｒueａbｏuｔｔheassisｔant?Ａ.Sｈｅｌoｓｔｈｅｒｊoｂ.Ｂ．Ｓhewaｓｓｈortｏfmoney.Ｃ.Ｓｈewaｓcalledawaｙwｈｉleｓｅｒｖinｇthecustｏmｅｒ．D.Shepuｔoneoftｈerｉngsinｈerｐocket．CCｈemiｓtｓhａvｅbeenstuｄyiｎgwhｙpeoｐｌecry.Tｈｅｙsaｙtheboｄyｐroｄucｅstｗｏkiｎdsofｔｅaｒs.Ｏｎekinｄcleansouｔtheｅｙeifitｇｅｔsdirｔiniｔ．Bｕtwhｅnpｅopｌecrｙbecauｓｅｏｆtheirfｅｅlingｓ,theseｔeａｒｓhavｅpoｉsoncｈemｉｃａｌsintheｍ.Ｔhebodyiｓgettingridofcheｍicalsproduceｄbystｒoｎｇfｅelings.IｎｔheUnitｅdＳtａｔesmenhaｖehｅartdiseaseｓmoｒｅofｔenｔhanwomｅndｏ.Doｃtorｓsayheaｒtdiseaｓｅanｄsomeｏtherdｉsｅasｅsａrereｌated(有关的)ｔothｅｐｒessｕｒeｓ(压力)ｏflivｉnｇandwoｒkinginamoｄernｓocietｙ.Ｐerhapｓmｅnsufｆermoｒefromthｅsedｉｓeasesbecausｅtｈeｙdonotcryenough．Ａndｉtｉspossiblethatａsmoreand，ｍorewｏmenwｏrkouｔsidethｅhome，ｔｈeyｗillalｓosufferfroｍmoreｐresｓure．Ｔhenｅverｙonewiｌlｎeedtocrymore．55.Whicｈｏｆthｅｆollｏｗiｎgiｓｈapｐeniｎｇnow?Ａ.ＭoｒemｅntｈanwomenarｅnowcｒyｉngB.MorｅｗomenarｅnowworｋｉｎｇoｕtsidｅthｅｉrhomesC.HｅaｒｔdisｅaseｓarｅontｈｅｒiseD.Ｔｈepoisonfｏundｉnteａrsiｓkｉlｌiｎgｍｏreaｎdmｏrepeople56.Whatiｓlivｉngｉnamodernsｏciｅtydｏingtosｏmepeoplｅ?A.MakinｇthemcryB．ＤrivinｇｔhｅmmadC.ＭakｉnｇthemprｏdｕｃechemicalsD.Givingｔｈｅmheａrtdiseaｓes57.Whydopｅoplecry?Ａ.ＴogeｔｒedofpoisonoｕsｓubstanceｓpｒｏducedｂｙｓtrｏngｆeelingsB.BｅcauｓetheyhａvｅtｏwoｒkｏutsiｄetheiｒｈomｅｓC．Becａusetheyｄｏn'tkｎoｗhowtoprｅｖｅntheartｄiseａsesD.ＦoｒnoreasoｎatａllDMｏｓtＡｍericansgetwhatmoｎeytheyhavｅfｒoｍthｅｉrwork;thatis,ｔheyｅarｎanｉnｃomeｆromwagesorsａlaｒieｓ．ThｅrichestAmｅriｃaｎs,hoｗever,ｇeｔmostofthｅirmoneyfｒoｍwｈａttheｙｏwn—thｅiｒstｏck,ｂｏｎｄs,rｅaｌestatｅ,anｄothｅrforｍsｏfpｒoperｔｙ,ｏrｗｅaltｈ.Ａlthouｇhthereａｒｅfewaccuｒatestatisｔicｓtogoby,wｅalthinＡmericanｓocｉetyaｐpearｓtｏbｅconcentrａｔedinｖeryfewhands.Mｏｒｅthａn2０perｃｅntofeｖerytｈingｔhａtcanbeprivａｔeｌyowneｄisheldbylessthanoneｐｅｒcentofｔｈeａdultpｏpulationandmｏrｅｔhａn7５ｐerｃｅntofallwｅａｌtｈisｏwｎeｄby２0ｐeｒcenｔofAmeriｃanadultｓ.TheplaｉｎfactisthatmostAmericanshaｖeｏnweaｌｔｈaｔａlｌasidｅfroｍtｈｅirhomeｓ，automobiles,anｄasmallamountoｆｓａvｉngs.IncomｅiｎtｈｅUnitesStatesｉｓnotashiｇhlｙcｏｎｃｅｎtratedaswｅａlth.Ｉn１91７ｔheｒichest10ｐerｃentofＡmericaｎfamｉliｅsrecｅiｖed26.１percｅntoｆallinｃome,ｗhｉleｔhｅｐoorｅsｔ1０ｐercentreｃeｉvｅｄ１7pｅrcent,mａinlyｆromＳociaｌＳecｕritｙaｎｄothergovernmｅntｐaymeｎts.ThemosｔsｔrikｉngaspectofｉｎcｏmedｉｓｔriｂutionｉｓthaｔithasnotｃhangｅdｓｉgｎifｉcａntlｙsｉncetｈｅendｏfWoｒldＷarII.Altｈougheｃｏｎoｍiｃgrｏｗthhasrｏughlydｏｕｂledrealｄispｏｓabｌe(可自由使用的)famｉlｙincome(tｈemoneyleftaftertaxｅｓanｄaｄｊustedforiｎflatioｎ)oｖｅrthelaｓtgenerａtｉon，ｔｈesiｚｅofthesｈaresgｉｖentotherichaｎdtheｐooｒｉsaｂouttｈesame.ByanymeaｓureｅcｏnｏmicinequalityｉsgrｅａtｉntheUｎiteｄStａtｅs.ＴhereａlｉtybｅhiｎdｔhｅseｓtａtｉｓticsisｔｈａtaｌａrgenｕmbｅrｏfAmeｒiｃansaｒepoor.In1918，14percentofthｅｐｏpulａtioｎwaslivinｇbelowｔhefｅderalgoverｎment＇sｐｏvertylｉne,whiｃｈａtthatｔimewａsanannｕａlｉｎcomｅｏf$9287foｒanｏｎfaｒｍfamilyｏｆｔwｏａdultsanｄtwochiｌdreｎ.Ｉnｏthｅｒwoｒdｓ，abouｔｏneouｔofｓeveｎAmｅricａnsｏver31mｉｌｌionpｅopleｗａｓofficｉalｌyｃonsiｄｅｒeｄunａbｌeｔoｂuyｔhｅbasicnecessitiesofｆｏod,ｃlothｅｓ，andshelter．Thesuｇgestedpoｖertylinein1981ｗouldhavebｅenanincomｅoｆａｂoｕｔ$1１200fｏrafamilyoｆfoｕr.Bｙthisｒelatｉｖedefinｉtiｏn,ａbouｔ2０perceｎtofｔhepｏｐulaｔionｏｒmoretｈａn4５miｌlionAmｅricaｎsａrepoor.5８.WhatdoestｈeｍajorityｏftｈeAmｅricａｎshａｖeiｎterｍsofｗeａlth？A.Thｅirinｃｏｍeanｄsavｉｎｇs.Ｂ.Eｖeryｔhiｎgtheｙownintｈｅｉrhoｍes.C.Actｕalｌy,thｅyhａvｅｎowealthａｔaｌl.D.Tｈｅｉrhouｓｅ,carsａnｄsｍａlｌamｏuntsofsavinｇs.５9.WhatistheｐerｃentａｇｅoｆwｅalｔｈｔhatisinthehaｎdsofｍosｔAmericans？Ａ.Ｍｏrｅthan25％.B．Leｓsthａn25%.C.Morｅｔｈaｎ7５%.D.Lessthａn20％．６0.WhyisｅcｏｎomicｉnequalitｙｓｔｉllgreａtiｎtｈeUSiｎspiteｏftheecｏnoｍｉcgrowth?A.Becausetheproporｔioｎofincｏｍereceivedbyｔｈeｒiｃhａndｔhｅpoorrｅmainsalmｏsttheｓameasin1９1７．Ｂ.Becａuseｔheeconｏmｉｃgｒowthｈａｓｗidｅnedtｈｅgａｐofｔheｆamｉlyｉｎcｏmｅbetｗeenｔｈeriｃhanｄｔｈepｏor.C．BecａｕｓｅincoｍeintheUSisstillｃoncentratedｉnｔｈehaｎdｓofthericｈeｓt10%ofAmericanfamilieｓ.Ｄ.ＢecaｕsｅsomeAmericansmadeｇｒｅatfｏｒtｕｎeｓduriｎｇthｅSｅｃondWｏrldWａr.6１.Whatcanwelearnfｒｏmcomparisoｎoｆｔｈetwopｏvertｙlinesinthｅlastｐaragｒaｐｈ?A.Thｅpoｖeｒtｙｌiｎｅof１918iｓｍｏrｅfavorableｔｏtheｐｏorthanthａｔof1981.B.Thｅ198１linedｉｄn＇tleavemuchtothepoor.C.ＴherewｅremoｒeＡmericanｓwhowｅreoffiｃｉａlｌｙpｏorbythe19８1line．Ｄ.TheｒeweｒｅｍoreAmｅrｉcａｎｓwhｏｗereofficｉａllypｏｏrbyｔhe1９18lｉne．62.Fｒomthｅlasｔtwｏsentenｃeｓｗeｃansｅethａt１９81goverｎmｅｎt'spovertyline.A．waｓｏfｎogｏodｆorｔhｅpoorB.waｓｎotｐutiｎtoｏpｅrａtiｏnthenC．wasofficiallｙapprｏvedD.waｓｎotｈeｌｐｆulｔotｈｅpoorEYoｕcａnnｏtsｅeanyobｊecｔｕｎlessｌｉgｈtfromthａｔobjectｇｅtsintoｙouｒｅyes．Someofｔｈｅｔhｉngｓｙouｓeeｇiveｏffliｇhtｏftｈeｉrown.Thesuｎ,thｅsｔaｒs，ａliｇhteｄｌａmpaｒeexampｌesthatcａｎｂesｅenbytheirownlighｔ.Suchtｈｉngsarｅｌuｍinous.Mostｏfｔｈｅthingsyｏuseearenoｔｇivingoffｌiｇhtｏftｈeｉｒown.Theyaｒesimplyｒefleｃtｉnｇligｈtthatfallsonthemfromthesunｏrsomｅｏtherlｕminousbｏｄｙ.Ｔhemoon，ｆoreｘamｐｌe,doesnｏtgiveoffanyliｇｈtoｆitsown.Ｉtｉsnonlｕmiｎous.Yｏｕseeiｔｂeｃausesｕnlightfａllｓonｉtandsomeofitreｆlectsｉnｏｕrdiｒection.Somooｎlｉgｈtｉsonlｙｓｅｃoｎdhａnｄsunliｇht．Whenyouｌookatabooｋ,itsｅｎdstoyoureyｅssomｅｏfｔhｅliｇhtｗhichfallｓonｉt，anｄyouseetheｂoｏk．Iflightcoｕldbekeptoutｆｒomｗherｅｙouarｅsothattｈeｒewoｕldbenolｉghtｆoｒtheｂｏoktoｒeflect,ｔhｅｎyｏucouldnotseeｔhｅbooｋevenwithyouｒeyeswideopeｎ.Lighｔtravelssofastthattｈetimeinｗｈichittraｖeｌｓfrｏmthebookｙｏuarereadingtoyｏuｒeyesissoshortａsiftheｒewｅrｅnｏｔｉmeatalｌ.Liｇhtreaｃｈｅsusfromthemoｏn,wｈｉcｈisａbｏｕt38０0０0kｉlomｅｔersaway,inonlyａｌittlemoreｔhanａｓecond.6３.Yoｕcansee