新编英语教程Book4Unit3

UnitThreeLead-in1.MovieClip2.Quotes1.MovieClipWatchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.AccordingtoDr.Pritchard,whichtwoquestionsshouldbeansweredtodetermineapoem’sgreatness?Thetwoquestionsare:One:Howartfullyhastheobjectiveofthepoembeenrendered给予表达?Two:Howimportantisthatobjective?2.WhydidMr.Keatingaskhisstudentstoripouttheentirepageinthebook?Becausehewantedthemtolearntothinkforthemselvesandsavour欣赏...的风味wordsandlanguage.Discussion:Doyouthinkitfalserespecttokeepthebooksyoureadphysicallycompleteandundamaged?Whyorwhynot?(Thisisanopenquestion.)Script（FromDeadPoetsSociety）-Gentlemen,openyourtexttoPage21oftheintroduction.Mr.Perry,willyoureadtheopeningparagraphoftheprefaceentitled“UnderstandingPoetry”?-“UnderstandingPoetry”byDrJ.EvansPritchard,Ph.D.Tofullyunderstandpoetry,wemustfirstbefluentwithitsmetre韵律格律,rhyme韵脚andfiguresofspeech.Thenasktwoquestions.One:Howartfullyhastheobjectiveofthepoembeenrendered?And,two:Howimportantisthatobjective?Questiononeratesthepoem'sperfection.Questiontworatesitsimportance.Andoncethesequestionshavebeenanswered,determiningapoem'sgreatnessbecomesarelativelysimplematter.Ifthepoem'sscoreforperfectionisplottedonthehorizontalofagraph,anditsimportanceisplottedonthevertical,thencalculatingthetotalareaofthepoemyieldsthemeasureofitsgreatness.AsonnetbyByronmightscorehighonthevertical,butonlyaverageonthehorizontal.AShakespeareansonnet,ontheotherhandwouldscorehighbothhorizontallyandvertically,yieldingamassivetotalarea.Therebyrevealingthepoemtobetrulygreat.Asyouproceedthroughthepoetryinthisbook,practisethisratingmethod.Asyourabilitytoevaluatepoemsinthismannergrows,sowill...sowillyourenjoymentandunderstandingofpoetry.-Excrement屎.That'swhatIthinkofMr.J.EvansPritchard.We'renotlayingpipe.We'retalkingaboutpoetry.Imean,howcanyoudescribepoetrylikeAmericanBandstand?IlikeByron.Igivehima42.ButIcan'tdancetoit.Now,Iwantyoutoripoutthatpage.Goon.Ripouttheentirepage.Youheardme.Ripitout.Ripitout!Goon.Ripitout.Thankyou,Mr.Dalton.Gentlemen,tellyouwhat.Don'tjusttearoutthatpage.Tearouttheentireintroduction.Iwantitgone,history.Leavenothingofit.Ripitout!Rip!Begone,J.EvansPritchard,Ph.D.!Rip撕裂!Shred撕碎!Tear!Ripitout!IwanttohearnothingbutrippingofMr.Pritchard!We'llperforate穿孔it,putitonaroll!名册It'snottheBible.You'renotgonnagotohellforthis.Goon.Makeacleantear.Iwantnothingleftofit.-Weshouldn'tbedoingthis.-Rip!Rip!Rip!-Ripitout!Rip!Ripit!Yeah!Ripitout!-Ripit!-Whatthehellisgoingonhere?-Idon'thearenoughrips.-Mr.Keating.-Mr.McAllister.I'msorry,I...Ididn'tknowyouwerehere.-Iam.-Ah.Soyouare.Excuseme.-Keepripping,gentlemen.Thisisabattle,awar.Andthecasualtiescouldbeyourheartsandsouls.Thankyou,Mr.Dalton.Armiesofacademicsgoingforwardmeasuringpoetry.No!Wewillnothavethathere.NomoreofMr.J.EvansPritchard.Now,myclass,youwilllearntothinkforyourselvesagain.Youwilllearntosavourwordsandlanguage.Nomatterwhatanybodytellsyou,words,andideascanchangetheworld.2.QuotesReadthefollowingquotesandtellyourclassmateswhichoneisyourfavorite.Stateyourreasons.Booksaretomankindwhatmemoryistotheindividual.—JohnLubbockPeopledie,butbooksneverdie.Nomanandnoforcecanabolishmemory.—FranklinRooseveltBooksarethequietestandmostconstantoffriends;theyarethemostaccessibleandwisestofcounselors;andthemostpatientofteachers.—C.W.EliotThereadingofallgoodbooksislikeaconversationwiththefinestmenofpastcenturies.—ReneDescartesTherearetwomotivesforreadingabook:onethatyouenjoyit;theotherthatyoucanboastaboutit.—BertrandRussellReadingfurnishesthemindonlywithmaterialsofknowledge,itisthinkingthatmakeswhatwereadours.—JohnLockeReadingwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigesting.—EdmundBurkeBooksaretheever-burninglampsofaccumulatedwisdom.—G.W.CurtisTextI.TextI1.Pre-ReadingQuestions2.TheMainIdea3.BackgroundNotes4.Text5.CommentsontheText6.ExercisesII.TextII1.Text2.ComprehensionTextI1.Pre-ReadingQuestionsYoumusthaveheardofthephrasereadbetweenthelinesandknowwhatitmeans.Ifyoudon’t,lookupthephraseinadictionaryandfindoutwhatitmeans.Mostprobablyyouwon’tfindwritebetweenthelinesinanydictionary.Whatmightthisphrasemean?Arethetwophrasesinanywayrelatedtoeachother?Shouldthephrasewritebetweenthelinesbetakenliterallyorfiguratively?Whatmightbethecontentofthetext?Thinkaboutthesequestionsbeforereading.ForyourreferenceThedictionarydefinitionofreadbetweenthelinesis:“findmoremeaningthanthewordsappeartoexpress;gathermoremeaningsfromatextthatarenotactuallystated,butimplied”.Writebetweenthelinesisnotasetphrase.Thewriterhasinventedthisphrasebyfollowingthepatternofthesetphrasereadbetweenthelinesandreplacingreadwithwritetostresstheimportanceofwritingnotesandcommentsinthebookoneisreading.Inspiteoftheword“writing”inthetitle,thisessayisactuallyapieceofgoodadviceonhowto“read”efficiently.2.TheMainIdeaReadthetextrapidlyoncetogetthemainidea.Whilereading,keepthesequestionsinmind:Whatdoesthewritermeanbywritingbetweenthelines?Isthewriterfororagainstwritingbetweenthelines?Whatishischiefargument?ForyourreferenceThewriteristryingtopersuadethereadertowritedowninthebookheisreadinghisreactionstothetext.Thereader’sreactionsmayincludehisquestions,hisagreementsordifferencesofopinionwiththeauthor,hisdoubtsandsoon.Inthiswaythereaderwillbedoingthemostefficientkindofreading.3.BackgroundNotes(1)ParadiseLostParadiseLostisanepicpoeminblankversebythe17th-centuryEnglishpoetJohnMilton.ThepoemconcernstheBiblicalstoryoftheFallofMan:thetemptationofAdamandEvebythefallenangelSatanandtheirexpulsionfromtheGardenofEden.Milton'spurpose,statedinBookI,isto"justifythewaysofGodtomen”.Itwasoriginallypublishedin1667intenbooks,withatotalofovertenthousandindividuallinesofverse.Asecondeditionfollowedin1674,changedintotwelvebooks(inthemannerofthedivisionofVirgil'sAeneid)withminorrevisionsthroughoutandanoteontheversification.ItisconsideredbycriticstobeMilton's"majorwork",andtheworkhelpedtosolidifyhisreputationasoneofthegreatestEnglishpoetsofhistime.(2)Rembrandt伦布兰特荷兰画家RembrandtHarmenszoonvanRijn(15July1606–4October1669)wasaDutchpainterandetcher腐蚀铜板制作者.HeisgenerallyconsideredoneofthegreatestpaintersandprintmakersinEuropeanarthistoryandthemostimportantinDutchhistory.HiscontributionstoartcameinaperiodofgreatwealthandculturalachievementthathistorianscalltheDutchGoldenAgewhenDutchGoldenAgepainting,althoughinmanywaysantithetical对立的totheBaroquestylethatdominatedEurope,wasextremelyprolificandinnovative.(3)GonewiththeWindGonewiththeWindisanovelwrittenbyMargaretMitchell,firstpublishedin1936.ThestoryissetinClaytonCounty,Georgia,andAtlantaduringtheAmericanCivilWarandReconstruction.ItdepictstheexperiencesofScarlettO'Hara,thespoileddaughterofawell-to-doplantation大农场owner,whomustuseeverymeansatherdisposaltocomeoutofthepovertyshefindsherselfinafterSherman’s“MarchtotheSea”.MitchellreceivedthePulitzerPrizeforFictionforthebookin1937.Thebookwasadaptedintoa1939Americanfilm.GonewiththeWindistheonlynovelbyMitchellpublishedduringherlifetime.4.TextWritingBetweentheLinesYouknowyouhavetoread“betweenthelines”togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttopersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyimportantinthecourseofyourreading.Iwanttopersuadeyouto“writebetweenthelines”.Unlessyoudo,youarenotlikelytodothemostefficientkindofreading.I(1)contend声称主张争论,quite(2)bluntly率直地迟钝地,thatmarkingupabookisnotanactof(3)mutilation毁损butoflove.Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstisthepropertyrightyouestablishbypayingforit,justasyoupayforclothesandfurniture.Butthisactofpurchaseisonlythe(4)preludetopossession.Fullownershipcomesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself,andthebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.Anillustrationmaymakethepointclear.Youbuyabeefsteakandtransferitfromthebutcher’siceboxtoyourown.Butyoudonotownthebeefsteak(1)inthemostimportantsenseuntilyouconsumeitandgetitintoyourbloodstream.(2)Iamarguingthatbooks,too,mustbeabsorbedinyourbloodstreamtodoyouanygood.Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasallthestandardsetsandbest-sellers—unread,untouched.Thesecondhasagreatmanybooks—afewofthemreadthrough,mostofthemascleanandshinyasthedaytheywerebought.(Thispersonwouldprobablyliketomakebookshisown,but(3)isrestrainedbyafalserespectfortheirphysicalappearance.)Thethirdhasafewbooksormany—everyoneofthemdog-eared卷角的翻旧了的and(5)dilapidated残破的荒废的,shakenandloosenedbycontinualuse,markedandscribbled草草书写匆匆写下infromfronttoback.Isitfalserespect,youmayask,topreserve(6)intact完好无损的and(7)unblemished无瑕疵的abeautifullyprintedbook,anelegantlyboundedition?Ofcoursenot.I’dnomorescribblealloverafirsteditionofParadiseLostthanI’dgivemybabyasetofcrayons彩色蜡笔或粉笔andanoriginalRembrandt!Iwouldn’tmarkupapaintingorastatue.Itssoul,(4)sotospeak,isinseparablefromitsbody.Andthebeautyofarareeditionorofarichlymanufacturedvolumeislikethatofapaintingorastatue.Butthesoulofabookcanbeseparatedfromitsbody.Abookismorelikethe(5)scoreofapieceofmusicthanitislikeapainting.Nogreatmusicianconfusesasymphonywiththeprintedsheetsofmusic.Ifyourrespectformagnificentbindingortypography交响乐(6)getsintheway,buyyourselfacheapeditionandpayyourrespectstotheauthor.Whyismarkingupabook(8)indispensabletoreading?First,itkeepsyouawake.(AndIdon’tmeanmerelyconscious;Imeanwideawake.)Inthesecondplace,reading,ifitisactive,isthinking,andthinkingtendstoexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.Themarkedbookisusuallythethought-throughbook.Finally,writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtyouhad,orthethoughtstheauthorexpressed.Letmedevelopthesethreepoints.Ifreadingistoaccomplishanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Youcan’tletyoureyesglide滑行acrossthelinesofabookand(7)comeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.Nowanordinarypieceoflightfictionlike,say,GonewiththeWind,doesn’trequirethemostactivekindofreading.Thebooksyoureadforpleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Butagreatbookrichinideasandbeauty,(8)abookthatraisesandtriestoanswergreatfundamentalquestions,demandsthemostactivereadingofwhichyouarecapable.Ifwhenyou’vefinishedreadingabook,thepagesarefilledwithyournotes,youknowthatyouhavereadactively.But,youmayask,whyiswritingnecessary?Well,thephysicalactofwriting,withyourownhand,bringswordsandsentencesmoresharplybeforeyourmindandpreservesthembetterinyourmemory.Tosetdownyourreactiontoimportantwordsandsentencesyouhaveread,andthequestionstheyhaveraisedinyourmind,istopreservethosereactionsandsharpenthosequestions.Evenifyouwroteonascratch打草稿用的pad便签本,andthrewthepaperawaywhenyouhadfinishedwriting,(9)yourgraspofthebookwouldbesurer.Butyoudon’thavetothrowthepaperaway.Themargins(topandbottom,aswellasside),theendpapers,theveryspacebetweenthelines,areallavailable.(10)Theyaren’tsacred.And,bestofall,yourmarksandnotesbecomean(9)integral完整的partofthebookandstaythereforever.Youcanpickupthebookthefollowingweekoryear,andthereareallyourpointsofagreement,disagreement,doubt,andinquiry.It’slike(10)resuminganinterruptedconversationwiththeadvantageofbeingabletopickupwhereyouleftoff.Andthatisexactlywhatreadingabookshouldbe:aconversationbetweenyouandtheauthor.(11)Presumablyheknowsmoreaboutthesubjectthanyoudo;naturally,you’llhavetheproper(12)humilityasyouapproachhim.Butdon’tletanybodytellyouthatareaderissupposedtobe(13)solelyonthereceivingend.Understandingisatwo-wayoperation;learningdoesn’t(11)consistinbeinganempty(14)receptacle容器.Thelearnerhadtoquestionhimselfandquestiontheteacher.Heevenhastoarguewiththeteacher,onceheunderstandswhattheteacherissaying.(12)Andmarkingabookisliterallyanexpressionofyourdifferencesoragreementsofopinion,withtheauthor.ByMortimerJ.AdlerWordsandphrases:(点击文中红色单词或词组，出现该红色部分及e.g.字样，再单击e.g.，出现例句)(1)contend:v.argueorstatethatsomethingistruee.g.Someastronomerscontendthattheuniversemaybeyoungerthanpreviouslythought.Icontendthatfinancialmarketsalwayspresentadistortedpictureofreality.(2)bluntly:adv.speakinginadirecthonestwaythatsometimesupsetspeoplee.g.Toputitbluntly,she'snotuptothejob.Hisbrotherisaforthrightpersonandalwaystalksbluntly.(3)mutilation:n.aninjurythatdeprivessomebodyofalimborotherimportantbodyparte.g.Socialservicessaytheyareinvestigatingonecaseofselfmutilationinthecity.Manypeoplesuffereddeathormutilationasaresultofthebombattacks.(4)prelude:n.ifaneventisapreludetoamoreimportantevent,ithappensjustbeforeitandmakespeopleexpectite.g.WeretheAmericaneconomytoslowsharply,thatcouldbethepreludetoacrash.Thestoryofthatforcedmarchhaslongbeentaughtaroundtheworldasabrutalpreludetotheactsofterror.(5)dilapidated:a.indeplorablecondition,whichisofdecayorpartialruinbyneglectormisusee.g.Thegardenisdilapidatedthroughyearsofneglect.Thebuildingsinthesepicturesareruinedanddilapidated.(6)intact:a.notbroken,damaged,orspoilede.g.Someconstructionworkersdirectedthemtoapartoftownwheresomehouseswereintact.Thecellssurvivedintactandtherewereveryfew,smallaerogelfragmentsgeneratedintheprocess.(7)unblemished:a.withoutmarksordamagee.g.Sheisproudofhersmoothunblemishedskin.Thereputationoftheindustrywasunblemishedandallegationsofwrongdoingwereconsideredpreposterous.(8)indispensable:a.essential,someoneorsomethingthatissoimportantorusefulthatitisimpossibletomanagewithouttheme.g.Thesedays,thedishhasbecomealmostindispensableatweddingbanquets,festivalsandfamilycelebrations.Mobilephoneshavebecomeanindispensablepartofourlives.(9)integral:a.forminganecessarypartofsomethinge.g.Greekbanksaretotallysecure,asanintegralpartoftheEuropeanbankingsystem.Hestillrecognizesitasanintegralpartoftoday'sdancebetweenthesexes.(10)resume:v.startdoingsomethingagainafterstoppingorbeinginterruptede.g.Janewillresumeservingdinnerwhenthecouplereturnsthisautumn.Theydemandanendtoallconstructionbeforepeacetalkscanresume.(11)presumably:adv.usedtosaythatonethinkssomethingisprobablytruee.g.It’sraining,whichpresumablymeansthatyourfootballmatchwillbecancelled.Presumablythemarketscanmanagetoholdonuntilthen.(12)humility:n.thequalityofnotbeingtooproudaboutyourself—usethistoshowapprovale.g.Isaythisnotboastfullybutinallhumility.HesaidPetercan“approachthiswithhumilityandsincerity”andpeoplewilllisten.(13)solely:adv.notinvolvinganythingoranyoneelsee.g.Scholarshipsaregivensolelyonthebasisoffinancialneed.Theimpactofarepealoftheactwouldnotbesolelyfinancial.(14)receptacle:n.acontainerforputtingthingsine.g.Thewinebottlewasasafereceptacleformymessage.Officialshavesaidtheywouldconsiderbringinginanoutsidecontainertostorethewaterifasuitablereceptaclecanbefound.Notes（点击文中蓝色字体，出现该内容，再点击，出现下面的注释内容）(1)inthemostimportantsenseinthemostimportantmeaningofthewordSenseheremeans“anyofseveralmeanings”.Forexample:Inthefigurativesense,myfingersareallthumbsandIreallycan’tplaythepiano.Youdonotknowtherealmeaningofthewordinitsfullsenseuntilyouhavemasteredallpossibleusesofit.(2)Iamarguingthatbooks,too,mustbeabsorbedinyourbloodstreamtodoyouanygood.absorb—here,takeinandmakeitpartofyourself.Theverbabsorbisusedfiguratively.Cf.:beabsorbedin—beengrossedin,bewhollyengagedin.Hereabsorbedisan-edparticipleusedasanadjective.Forexample:Whenabook-loverentersabookshop,hewillsoonbeabsorbedinsomebookorother,totallyunawareofhissurroundings.dosomebodygood—improvesomebody’shealth,mind,behaviourForexample:Joggingeverydaywilldoyouaworldofgood.Smokingdoesnotdoanybodyanygood.(3)isrestrainedbyafalserespectfortheirphysicalappearanceiskeptfromreadingthembecausehehasafalserespectfortheiroutwardlooktheirphysicalappearance—referringtothebindingandtypographyofthebooks(4)sotospeakonemightsay;ifImayusethisexpression;ifImaysayitinthisway;asitwereForexample:TenyearsafterthedevastatingearthquakeinTangshan,anewandrobustcityhasemerged,sotospeak,fromthedebris,with18millionsquaremetresofconstructionalreadycompleted.ThefirstperformanceinChinaoftheEnglishversionoftheBeijingoperaThePhoenixReturnstoItsNestbyHawaiiUniversity’sDramaDepartmentisabigstride,sotospeak,towardsadaptingtheWesternmindtothetraditionalChineseopera.(5)scoreawrittencopyofapieceofmusicespeciallyforalargegroupofperformers(6)getsinthewaymakesitdifficultforsomethingtohappenForexample:Whilewewereeagerlycarryingonourproject,thelackoffundgotintheway,andwehadtosuspenditatleastforthetimebeing.(7)comeupwithanunderstandingdeveloporproduceaninterpretationcomeupwith—thinkof(aplan,ananswer,areply);produceForexample:Nomatterwhatdifficultquestionstheteachermayask,Tomcanalwayscomeupwithasatisfactoryanswer.Workingunderaningeniousleaderwhoalwaysencouragescreativityinyoungpeople,allthemembersofthisgrouphavebeencomingupwithbetterandbetterideasinclothesdesign.(8)abookthatraisesandtriestoanswergreatfundamentalquestionsabookthatprovidesmuchfoodforthought(9)yourgraspofthebookyourunderstandingofthebookGrasphasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.Forexample:Trytohaveathoroughgrasp(understanding)ofthebook.Thatisreallyaproblembeyondmygrasp(understanding).Themotherkeptthelittleboy’shandinhergrasp(firmhold).Bethseemstobeinthegraspof(underthecontrolof)thesorceress.(10)Theyaren’tsacred.Theydonothavetobetreatedwithgreatrespectorreverence.Theycanbeusedformakingnoteson.“They”referstothemargins,theendpapersandthespacebetweenthelines.(11)consistinhaveitsessentialfeatureinForexample:Shethinksthattruehappinessconsistsindedicatingherselftoherwork.Cf.:consistof—bemadeupofForexample:Themachineconsistsofmanyessentialparts;withevenonelittlescrewmissing,itwillnotwork.(12)Andmarkingabookisliterallyanexpressionof...Andwritingnotesinabookexpressesexactly...Literallymaymean“exactlyasstated”asisusedintheabovesentence,oritmaygiveforcetoanexpression.Forexample:Heliterallyexplodedwithangeratheraccusingfinger.5.CommentsontheTextAtypicalpieceofargumentation:lThewritermakeshisintentionplainattheverybeginning:toarguethatwritingbetweenthelinesisanefficientwayofreading.lLikemanypiecesofargumentativewriting,thisessaycanbedividedintothreeparts—theintroduction,thebody,andtheconclusion:Theintroduction(Para.1)—Thefirstparagraphoftheessayisaskillfulbeginning.Thewriterputsforwardhisargumentdirectly—“Unlessyouwritebetweenthelines,youarenotlikelytodothemostefficientkindofreading.”Thebody(Paras.2–10)—Thebodyoftheessayconsistsoffourparts,inwhichthewriterdevelopshisargumentbycitingexamplesandillustrations,makingcomparisons,givingpersonalopinions,andappealingtocommonknowledge.Theconclusion(Para.11)—Markingupabookisanexpressionofthereader’sagreementsordifferencesofopinionwiththeauthor.Thisservesasaconvincingending.Methodsthatthewriterusestomakehisargumentconvincing:1.Hemakesclearfromtheverybeginningwhatistobeprovedandhehandlestheargumentfullybytryingtoconvincethereaderwhyheshouldwritebetweenthelinesaswellasreadbetweenthelines.Suchabeginningattractsthereader’sattentionandinterestanddrawshimintotheessayimmediately.2.Thewriterusestheinductiveapproachinhisessay—hearguesfromfacts.Heactuallygroupsfactsandexamplestogether,alongwithpersonalopinions,specificillustrations,similes;andappealstocommonknowledge.Thesegroupingsare,however,notforced,butsoundnaturalenoughtobereadilyaccepted.Inform,hisinductiveargumentissomewhatlikethemethodofparagraphdevelopmentinwhichthesubjectoftheparagraphissupportedbyinstances.3.Internallinkagewithinaparagraphismadebyconnectingwords,andsomesentencesarecloselytiedtowhatprecedesthem.4.Thisessayisinformalintone.Genericyouisusedthroughoutandtheconnectivesbutandandarefrequentlyusedtobeginsentences.Thevocabularyissimpleandthelengthandstructureofsentencesdonotvarymuch.Thusasenseofevennessisachieved.5.Thewriteralsomakesfulluseoftherhetoricaldeviceof“questionandanswer”tobeginaparagraph.Thewriterposeshisparagraphsubjectbyaskingthereaderaquestionandthendevelopsthesubjectbyansweringthequestionhimself.6.ExercisesA.Answerthefollowingquestions.(先单击出现黑色问题,后单击出现蓝色答案和红色错误原因)1.Whenthewritersays“readbetweenthelines”and“writebetweenthelines”,hemeanstwocompletelydifferentthings.FInordertogetthemostoutofanybookandtoabsorbitfully,wemustwritebetweenthelinesaswellasreadbetweenthelines.Inthissense,thetwophrasesarecomplementarytoeachother.2.Solongasyouwanttomakeabookapartofyourself,youmustwritebetweenthelinesnomatterwhosebookitis.FThewritertalksaboutmarkingabookonconditionthatitisyourownbook.Booksborrowedfromafriendorthelibrary,ortextbookskeptonreserveinuniversities,shouldnotbemarked.3.Inthewriter’sopinion,writinginabookshowsthatthereaderisreadingactively,whereasifareaderkeepsthebookintactandunstained,hehasnotreaditatall.T4.Buyingabookislikeconsumingabeefsteak.FOnceyouhaveboughtabook,youbecomeitstrueowneronlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself.Thewritermakesacomparisonbetweenreadingabookandconsumingabeefsteakinordertoexplainwhat“full”,“real”ownershipis.5.Ifyouwanttoshowrespectforthewriter,youmustmarkupabooknomatterwhatitsphysicalappearanceislike.FIfitisafirsteditionofafamouswriter’smasterpieceoranelegantlyboundedition,forexample,itisnotadvisabletomarkitup.6.Thewriterisstronglyagainstthethirdkindofbookownersbecauseoftheirterriblereadinghabits.FAccordingtothewriter,themorenotesyouhavemadeinabookandthe“worse”itsphysicalappearancegets,thebetteryouhaveabsorbedthebook.7.Thesoulofanybookcanbeseparatedfromitsbody.FThewritersaysthatthesoulisthecontentofabookwhilethebodyisitsbindingandtypography,sotheyareseparable.Thebeautyofarareeditionorofamagnificentlyboundbook,however,isinseparablefromitssoul.Itsbeautyisjustlikethebeautyofapaintingorastatue,whosebodyandsoulcannotbeseparated.8.IfyourestrainyourselffrommarkingupGonewiththeWind,itshowsthatyouhavenorespectforthewriter.FGonewiththeWindisapieceoflightfictionmeantforenjoyment,amusementandrelaxation.Ifyoudonotreaditactively,youlosenothing.ThewriterhasthesameopinionasFrancisBacon,theseventeenth-centuryEnglishphilosopher,whosays:“Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested...”Differentkindsofbooksneeddifferentapproaches.Onlybookstobereadfortheirrichideasneeddiligenceandcarefulattention.Unlessitisforaspecialpurpose,youdonothavetomakedetailednotesinGonewiththeWind.9.Acleanbookshowsthattheownerhadnotreaditefficiently.FWecannotdrawthisconclusionsorashlybecausethewritertellsusthatifabookis,say,abeautifulfirstedition,itisacombinationofbodyandsoul,andhewouldnotscribbleinit.Acleanbookmaybesuchabook.10.Readingabookis,sotospeak,communicationbetweenthereaderandtheauthor.TB.Commentonthisstatement.Thewaytoreadabookasrecommendedbythewriterisexcellent.(先单击出现黑色问题,后单击出现蓝色部分答案)Referenceversion:Whenthewriteremphasizestheimportanceofmarkingupabook,heisreferringtoone’sownbooksthatareworthcarefulreadingorstudy.Inthecaseofthesebooks,weshouldtrytounderstandboththemainideasandthespecificdetails,soastomakejudgments,reactemotionally,analyticallyorcritically,recognizetheauthor’shiddenpurposeorprejudices,makeanoverallevaluation,comprehendpreciselywhatisbeingsaid,andmakecommentsonhisstyle,dictionand/orideas.Inshort,itisanexcellentmethodofintensivereading.Considerthefollowingpoints:1)Apersonadoptingonereadingmethodcannotreadverymuch,sohecannotachieveasmuchasthosewhoemploymultiplereadingtechniques.Nowadaysareaderhastoreadvariousnewspapers,magazinesandperiodicals期刊inordertokeepupwithwhatishappeningaroundhim,tobecomebetterinformed,andtogainabroadunderstandingofaparticulartopic.Sometimeswhenapersonisreviewing,ordoingresea