英语高考专题复习短文改错

1.短文改错的选材通常取自学生的作品，或类似学生的作品。2.内容来自学生身边的常见话题。3.篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。4.语言明白易懂。5.基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构。6.试题并不是单纯检测语法知识，而是检测考生写作能力中的校验能力。一.试题的话题选择第1页/共53页第一页，共54页。二.短文改错的设题切入口近五年高考短文改错题题型稳定、考查点多、覆盖面广。一般以四种题型出现：错、多、少。从错误比例上看，一般为多词1处，少词1处，错误7～8处。设问的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。第2页/共53页第二页，共54页。动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，冠词连词常光顾。短文改错口诀：第3页/共53页第三页，共54页。一、动词形

主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。2007四川卷：

Whenhegetshome,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwearinghisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.2007天津卷：

InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIgetonly36percentoftheanswerscorrect.gotgot第4页/共53页第四页，共54页。2006安徽卷：Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish.

2006安徽卷：Youcansitatthedeskandreadthedailynewspapers,magazinesandtheotherbooks,butyouarenotpermittotakethemout

wishespermitted第5页/共53页第五页，共54页。解决方案(1)

通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律.(2)

结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.(3)

认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动.第6页/共53页第六页，共54页。二、名词数

指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。2007陕西卷：Personally,Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting.2008浙江卷：Anearbycompanywaslookingforstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonevenlope.Thepaywas10centsperenvelope.

lessonsevenlopes第7页/共53页第七页，共54页。2006福建卷：

Ifyouhaveinterestsinit,replytomesoon.2006陕西卷：

Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.I’msureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.2006重庆卷：Insummer,erestcoursessky第8页/共53页第八页，共54页。1.Thebookwillgiveyoualltheinformationsyouneed.

2.Heisongoodtermwithme.

3.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.

Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkatfamilyfurniture,fun,homework,paper,news,progress,trouble,work（工作），advice等informationtermsfriendshome第9页/共53页第九页，共54页。解决方案1.

理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系.2.

记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法

.3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词

.第10页/共53页第十页，共54页。三、还要注意形和副

注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。2007浙江卷：Igottothefinishinglinefirst.Iwontherace.Ifeltveryproudlyofmyself.2006福建卷：Wudhappily１修饰名词，be动词，系动词要用形容词２修饰动词，形容词，整个句子用副词３比较级和最高级的使用第11页/共53页第十一页，共54页。2008全国卷Ⅱ：IwilllearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheOlympicsasgoodasthe2008Olympicgames.2006辽宁卷：Shewasusualpatientwithherstudentsandnevermadethemdisappointed.usuallywell第12页/共53页第十二页，共54页。1.Youmustmakeyourparentshappily.

2.HelookeddifferentlyafterhisreturnfromEurope.3.Thenumberofgirlsisveryfew.

happydifferentsmall第13页/共53页第十三页，共54页。4.Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.5.Thetwomenthrewalltheirequipmentintothewatertomaketheballoonlight.6.Thenewpersononthejobfeelsmorebetterafterheorshehasplayedtenniswithotherpeopleintheoffice.latelightermuch/even/rather第14页/共53页第十四页，共54页。解决方案(1)

熟知形容词和副词的句法功能.(2)

理清短文中形容词和副词比较等级的关系.(3)

结合短文内容，准确使用形容词和副词.第15页/共53页第十五页，共54页。四、非谓语，细辨别

这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。2007浙江卷：Icouldnottorunveryfastand

fellbehind.2007宁夏卷：LiMengcameseemeeveryday.

to第16页/共53页第十六页，共54页。2008重庆卷：

Andthereweremanymeaningfulthings2008辽宁卷：

Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.rememberingthatwereworththinkofthinking第17页/共53页第十七页，共54页。1.Hehasneverbeenheardspeakillofothers.

2.Wehearitsayfrequentlythatwhatpresent-daymenmostdesireissecurity.

3.ItisdifficulttomakeyourselfunderstandinEnglish.tosaidunderstood第18页/共53页第十八页，共54页。4.Onhiswayhome,hesuddenlyheardhisnamecalling.5.Butthentherearealwaysmoremysterieslookinto.6.Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.calledtolearning第19页/共53页第十九页，共54页。7.Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.8.Hedidn’twantsharethingswithotherpeople.9.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaper.10.MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.madetotalkingto第20页/共53页第二十页，共54页。11.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.12.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.13.Theywantedonechildoranothertocomeoutandplayed.keepingbecomeplay第21页/共53页第二十一页，共54页。解决方案(1)

纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词所作的句子成分.(2)

系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能.(3)

前后联系，整体把握.第22页/共53页第二十二页，共54页。六、代词格，细领悟1.人称代词主格和宾格，物主代词的使用．２．反身代词oneself

的使用．3．不定代词的使用．4．Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.5.

Whose

和who’s，its和

it’s的区别．第23页/共53页第二十三页，共54页。五、代词格，细领悟（2007全国I）

Iwasonlyaboutsixwhenheheldhishandouttome.Itookitinmeandwewalked.mineFinally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.their第24页/共53页第二十四页，共54页。2008全国II：

Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement.2007陕西：

JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!

ourmyself第25页/共53页第二十五页，共54页。1.Knowledgeisthereforwhomeverwillseekit.

2.Whomdoyouthinkisthewriterofthisbook?

3.Hisbrother’scaseisquitedifferentfromme.

whoeverwhomine第26页/共53页第二十六页，共54页。4.Peoplefindincreasinglydifficulttomaketheirliving.

5.Heistallerthananyoneinhisclass.

itelse第27页/共53页第二十七页，共54页。7.Ireadyoure-mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.8.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.9.Thosefreshmenfinallylearnedtosolvetheproblemsbythem.themselves第28页/共53页第二十八页，共54页。[解决方案

](1)

顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文。(2)

系统掌握it的各种用法

.(3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。

第29页/共53页第二十九页，共54页。

主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashortaon∨so六、习惯用法要记住第30页/共53页第三十页，共54页。1.Don’tapproachtoaworkofartinsuchaspirit.

2.Theboywasabsorbedbuildingadaminthebrook.

3.Iwasimpressedatthezealwithwhichhespokeoftheplan.

4.Thegentlemaninsistedatmyreceivingthemoney.

5.Atlastwereachedtothevillageatthefootofthehillinwithon第31页/共53页第三十一页，共54页。6.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.7.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.8.I

imagine

you’ll

be

at

vacation

yourself

by

that

time.

offoron第32页/共53页第三十二页，共54页。解析方案:(1)

平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆.(2)

强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能

.(3)语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来

.第33页/共53页第三十三页，共54页。七、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。2008年安徽卷:Shelookedatmeandstartedtolaugh.“Howareyoulaughing?”Iasked.2007天津卷：Iwasluckyenoughtohaveateacherwhichdidn’ttakemybadgradesasajudgementofmyabilities,but…who/thatWhy第34页/共53页第三十四页，共54页。1.MyroommatelivesinasmalltownincentralMissouri,aquiettownwhichIwouldliketolivemyself.

2.TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.

3.Thesephotoswillshowyouhowourvillagelookslike.4.Icannotmakesenseofthathesaidatthemeeting.wherewhichwhatwhat第35页/共53页第三十五页，共54页。1.30percentofgirlswouldliketobecometeacherswhenonly5percentofboyswanttodothisjob.2.Webecomemoreandmoreimpatientofinterruptionswhentheyearsgoon.

3.ItwasnotuntilitbegantorainwhenInoticedhisumbrellaleftinmycar.

whileasthat第36页/共53页第三十六页，共54页。八、逻辑错误须关注

与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。2006四川卷：Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant,uninterruptedmeals.NMET2005:

Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.wetheir第37页/共53页第三十七页，共54页。

2006辽宁卷：Shealwaysmadesurethatourhomeworkwasfinishedontime,butshemarkedstrictlyonouractualperformance.

2007四川卷：

Hethoughtthepooranimalwasinjured,butthekindfarmertookoffhisjacketandputontheanimal. andso

第38页/共53页第三十八页，共54页。Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.Hewillstaythereoneandtwodays.

andor第39页/共53页第三十九页，共54页。考点剖析:

(1)

并列连but,and,or,so等词的混用，常常出现在改错题中。(2)

并列连词和从属连词的混用。(3)

平行结构方面的错误。第40页/共53页第四十页，共54页。常考的错误形式有：连词but，and，or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。2oo7全国II：ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsI’mdoingattheschool…2007四川卷：AnAustralianfarmerfoundthekangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms.aa九、冠词、连词常光顾第41页/共53页第四十一页，共54页。3.IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasnewperson.4,Withcomingofspring,grassandtreesturngreen.5.WhenachildisfiveinEnglandorWales,hisparentsmustsendhimtotheschool.6.Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.athean第42页/共53页第四十二页，共54页。冗词的多用1.Lastsummer,IwenttoBeijing,myfirsttimetriptothecity.2.Twoyearslater,hereturnedbackhome.3.Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon.第43页/共53页第四十三页，共54页。4)Manystudentsfeelitthatapopularteachermustbekindandeasy-going.5.Thegirlisproudofthatherfamilyiswelldescended.6.Likemostofmyschoolmates,Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters--inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.第44页/共53页第四十四页，共54页。7.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderthesameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.8.(02春季)Forinstance,ononenightheplayedstrongandloudmusictillfouro’clockinthemorning.9.Eveningcamedown.10.(NMET03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChinese.第45页/共53页第四十五页，共54页。AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._____fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._____abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._____Theyputtheminthecornerofthesitting4._________on_________chose_______tall_______it动词形介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住还要注意形和副代词格，细领悟2009高考英语短文改错模拟训练第46页/共53页第四十六页，共54页。room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._____Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6.____reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7.________afireburninthefireplace,andtheChristmas8.____treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimorhis9.____parentssingingan