新视野大学英语unitLongingforaNewWelfareSystemsectionA

1.Whenyouaresick,youmaygototheschoolclinic.Howmuchdoyouneedtopayforyourmedicalexpenses?Tips:—Youjustneedtopay10%ofyourmedicinebills.Pre-readingActivitiesI.SocialWelfare第1页/共67页第一页，共68页。2.Whyjust10%?Whopaystherestforyou?—It’sapartofthesocialwelfaresystem.Thegovernmentpaystherestforyou.Tips:Pre-readingActivities第2页/共67页第二页，共68页。

Publicassistanceprograms,commonlycalled“welfare”,providecashorbenefitsforparticularcategoriesofthefinanciallyneedy.Pre-readingActivitiesSocialWelfare第3页/共67页第三页，共68页。TheU.S.welfaresystemoperatesonboththefederalandstatelevels.ThefederalwelfareprogramisknownasSocialSecurity<美>政府的公共福利计划

thatprovidesbenefitsorassistanceforchildcare,disability,foodandmedicalassistance.

Pre-readingActivitiesSocialWelfare第4页/共67页第四页，共68页。

Thestatewelfareprograms,ontheotherhand,provideassistancetobothindividualsandlocalcommunitieswithstateschoolingandsocialinsurance.Pre-readingActivitiesSocialWelfare第5页/共67页第五页，共68页。Whichpersonismorelikelytogetwelfareassistance?Why?Pre-readingActivities

arubbishpicker,78yearsold,nolivingpartner,nochildrenateenageworker,15yearsold,parentsdied,workinginasmallcoalmine第6页/共67页第六页，共68页。

achildbeggar,7yearsold,nochancetogotoschool

athree-year-oldchild,severelyill,nomoneyformedicaltreatmentPre-readingActivities第7页/共67页第七页，共68页。II.WordsRelatedtoWelfarePre-readingActivitieswelfareclientCaseworkersdonationfinancialaidinsurancepensiondependencehandicappedrelianceunemploymentmedicalassistance…第8页/共67页第八页，共68页。III.SpotDictationPre-readingActivitiesDirections:Youwillhearapassage.Itwillbereadtwice.Listencarefullyandsupplythemissingwords.第9页/共67页第九页，共68页。Pre-readingActivities

Cutsinwelfarepaymentshaveleftmanyclientssopoorthattheycannot_________________or____________________________.Manywoulddescribetheirdietasbeingatthesamelevelasa____________.Asaresultmost_______thesystem.Giftsfromfriendsandrelatives_____________,moneyfrompensionis__________andtherentis____________.Anythingforafewmoredollars.Ofcoursethecaseworkersknowthesethingsoccur.Ratherthanhelpingtheirclients,caseworkers____________________________andareinclinedtogiveoutlectureswhenanyhelpisaskedfor,whichisanaturalconsequenceofthinking_________________everyday.affordtoeatproperly

tohaveadecentstandardoflivinghouseholdpetcheatarenotdeclaredunderstatedexaggeratedexpectthemtobowdowntothemtheyarebeingliedto第10页/共67页第十页，共68页。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第11页/共67页第十一页，共68页。TextUnderstandingThepassageexplorestheproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystemfirstandthenexpressesthedesiretohaveanewsystem.Accordingtotheauthor,adisabledpersonwithspinalcordinjuries脊椎损伤,heisforcedtoaccountforeverypennywhileenduringlecturesbythecaseworkers.Mainideaofthetext?第12页/共67页第十二页，共68页。Itishardtohavehiswheelchairrepairedandevenhardertomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Thatiswhyhelongsforanewsystemunderwhichthedisabledlikehimcanearnpartoralloftheirownlivings.第13页/共67页第十三页，共68页。Howisthetextorganized?Thepassageiscomposedofthreeparts:1.Howpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem.2.whattheproblemsarewithit.3.whatsolutionsshouldbeappliedtotheproblems.

TextUnderstanding第14页/共67页第十四页，共68页。PartOneParas.1-3PartTwoParas.4-14PartThreeParas.15-17Ononehand,mostwelfareclientscheatthesystemformoremoney.Arethereanyexampleshere?(Para.1)Problem1:Clientsareforcedtoreportanythingnewtocaseworkers.Isthereanyexamplehere?(Paras.4-8)Problem2:

Itisdifficultforclientstohavetheirwheel-chairsrepaired.Isthereanyexamplehere?

(Paras.9-12)

Solution1:Thereneedstobealawyertoprotecttherightsofclients.Example?

(Para.15)Solution2:Thewelfaresystemshouldhelpthosewhoaretoearntheirownlivings.How?

(Para.16)Problem3:

Ifclientsmakemoney,astheauthor’sownexperiencereveals,theyhavetoaccountforeverypenny.

(Para.13)CurrentsituationdescribingProblemswiththesystemSolutionstotheproblemsProblem4:

Thelawdoesnotencourageclientstomakeagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.

Evidence?(Para.14)Solution3:

Anewsystemisneededtoencourageclientstodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguilt.(Para.17)Allthesame,somelikemehaveoptedtolivealifeofhonesty.Arethereanyexampleshere?(Para.2)Ontheother,welfarecase-workers,likedetectives,expecteveryclienttobeg.Why?(Para.3)TextUnderstanding第15页/共67页第十五页，共68页。TextUnderstandingQandAaboutthetext:RetelltheProceduretoAskforWheelchairRepairscaseworkermedicalworkerwheelchairrepaircompanymainwelfareofficethehandicappedclient

What’syourconclusion?It’sverydifficultforwelfareclientstoaskforextrafinancialhelp.第16页/共67页第十六页，共68页。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第17页/共67页第十七页，共68页。LanguagePointstolongfor…

(Title)经过多年战争后，人们都盼望和平。Peoplelongedforpeaceaftermanyyearsofwar.Examplehaveadesirefor;wantverymuch

Thechildrenarelongingfortheholidays.第18页/共67页第十八页，共68页。

Awelfareclientissupposedto1cheat.Everybodyexpectsit.Facedwithsharingadinnerofrawpetfoodwiththecat,manypeopleinwheelchairsIknowbleed2

thesystemforafewextradollars.Theytellthegovernmentthattheyaregettingtwohundreddollarslessthantheirrealpensionsotheycangetalittleextrawelfaremoney.Or,theytellthecaseworkerthatthelandlordraisedtherentbyahundreddollars.

第19页/共67页第十九页，共68页。1)begenerallybelievedorexpectedtobeordoShe’ssupposedtohavefivehundredpairsofshoes.

据信她有500双鞋。It’ssupposedtobeagreatmovie.

据说这部电影不错。besupposedto:第20页/共67页第二十页，共68页。2)beexpectedorrequiredtodoorbesth.accordingtoarule,acustom,anarrangement,etc.You’resupposedtobuyaticket,thoughnotmanypeopledo.尽管没有多少人买票，但你应该买。You’resupposedtoasktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.

如果你要离开教室，得跟老师说。返回第21页/共67页第二十一页，共68页。bleed2.He'dbeenwoundedinthearmandwasbleedingheavily.Examplea.

forcesb.topayalotofmoney

b.

loseblood1.Thewestisbleedingpoorercountriesdrythroughinterestpaymentsontheirdebts.西方正通过债务利息榨干贫穷国家的财富。向······榨取······第22页/共67页第二十二页，共68页。Ihaveoptedtolivealifeofcompletehonesty.Soinstead,Igooutanddrumupsomebusinessanddrawcartoons.IeventellwelfarehowmuchImake!Oh,I'mtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.Theykeepmyrecords,andthatinformationgoesrightintothegovernment'scomputer.Veryhigh-profile.第23页/共67页第二十三页，共68页。opttodosth.

WhatdoyouopttodoafteryougraduatefromUniversity?Examplechoosetodosth.返回第24页/共67页第二十四页，共68页。todrumupDuringtheseasonofChristmaseachyear,tradersusetheirownuniquetrickstodrumuptheirbusiness.每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来招揽生意。Exampletryhardtogetsupport,customers,business,etc.竭力争取(支持);兜揽(生意)

Theywereunabletodrumupenthusiasmforthenewpolicies.他们未能激起人们对新政策的热情返回第25页/共67页第二十五页，共68页。I'mtemptedtogetpaidunderthetable.ButevenifIyieldedtothattemptation,bigmagazinesarenotgoingtogetinvolvedinsomestickysituation.

(L.8)Meaning:Ifeeladesiretobepaidwithoutbeingknowntoothers.ButevenifIcouldn'tresistthattemptationandwantedtobepaidunderthetable,bigmagazinesIamworkingforwon'tagreetogetthemselvesintotroublebytellingliesformysake.第26页/共67页第二十六页，共68页。LanguagePointsunderthetable

Theywerechargedwithtakingmoneyunderthetable.Exampleinasecretway返回第27页/共67页第二十七页，共68页。yieldto:stopresistingsth.Iyieldedtoanimpulse.

我听凭一时的冲动行事了。Thegovernmentrefusedtoyieldtothehostagetakers’demand.

政府拒绝答应人质挟持者的要求。返回第28页/共67页第二十八页，共68页。LanguagePointssticky

2.Herhandswerestickyfromtheicecream.

1.astickyproblem/situationExamplea.difficultorunpleasantb.coveredinasubstancethatstickstothingsthattouchitc.(oftheweather)hotanddamp

3.asticky,humidafternoon

一个又热又潮的下午棘手的黏的返回第29页/共67页第二十九页，共68页。AsawelfareclientI'mexpectedtobowbeforethecaseworker.Deepdown,caseworkersknowthattheyarebeingmadefoolsofbymanyoftheirclients,andtheyfeeltheyareentitledtohaveclientsbowtothemascompensation.I'mnotbeingbitter.Mostcaseworkersbeginascollege-educatedliberalswithhighideals.Butafterafewyearsinasystemthatpracticallyrequirespeopletolie,theybecomeliketheoneIshallcall"Suzanne",adetectiveinshorts.第30页/共67页第三十页，共68页。LanguagePointsmakeafoolofsb.

makeafoolofoneself

Yourbrotherismakingafoolofyou.Eobehavingfoolishly

Hewasdrinkingandmakingafoolofhimself.

他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。愚弄，欺骗出洋相返回第31页/共67页第三十一页，共68页。LanguagePointstobeentitledto(do)sth.

1.Everyoneisentitledto(air)hisownopinion.

Example

havetherighttohaveordosth.2.Thisticketdoesnotentitleyoutotravelfirstclass.

对……享有权利；有权做某事返回第32页/共67页第三十二页，共68页。LanguagePointsliberal

(L.14)

2.Herparentsareveryliberalandallowheralotoffreedom.

1.Helikedtothinkofhimselfasaliberal.Examplen.开明的人a.opentonewideasa.generous

3.Sheisveryliberalwithhermoney.

返回第33页/共67页第三十三页，共68页。NotlongafterChristmaslastyear,Suzannecametoinspectmyapartmentandsawsomenewposterspastedonthewall."Where'dyougetthemoneyforthose?"shewantedtoknow."Friendsandfamily.""Well,you'dbetterhaveareceiptforit,byGod.Youhavetoreportanydonationsorgifts."

第34页/共67页第三十四页，共68页。

Thiswasmycuetobeg.Instead,Italkedback."Igotacigarettefromsomebodyonthestreettheotherday.DoIhavetoreportthat?""WellI'msorry,butIdon'tmaketherules,Mr.Callahan.Suzannetriestolecturemeaboutrepairstomywheelchair,whichisalwaysbreakingdownbecausewelfarewon'tspendthemoneymaintainingitproperly."Youknow,Mr.Callahan,I'veheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage."

第35页/共67页第三十五页，共68页。LanguagePointstolecturesb.aboutsth.

He'salwayslecturingmeaboutthewayIdress.

他总说我穿着不得体。Example就某事训斥某人返回第36页/共67页第三十六页，共68页。I'veheardthatyouputalotmoremilesonthatwheelchairthanaverage.(L.31)Meaning:I'veheardthatyouuseyourwheelchairmoreoftenthantheaverageclientsdo.Nowonderthat'swhyyourwheelchairisalwaysbreakingdown.

LanguagePoints返回第37页/共67页第三十七页，共68页。OfcourseIdo.I'manactiveworker,notavegetable.Iliveneardowntown,soIcangetaroundinawheelchair.Iwonderwhatshe'dthinkifshesuddenlybrokeherhipandhadtocrawltowork.Governmentcutsinwelfarehaveresultedinhungerandsufferingforalotofpeople,notjustme.Butpeoplewithspinalcordinjuriesfeltthecutsinauniqueway:Thegovernmentstoppedtakingcareofourchairs.Eachtimeminebrokedown,lostascrew,neededanewrollerbearing,thebrakewouldn'twork,etc.,andIcalledSuzanne,Ihadtoendurealittlelecture.Finally,she'dsay,"Well,ifIcanfindtimetoday,I'llcallthemedicalworker."

第38页/共67页第三十八页，共68页。

Shewassupposedtonotifythemedicalworker,whowouldcertifythattherewasaproblem.Thenthemedicalworkercalledthewheelchairrepaircompaniestogetthecheapestbid.Thenthemedicalworkeralertedthemainwelfareofficeatthestatecapital.TheyconsideredthematterfordayswhileIlayinbed,unabletomove.Finally,ifIwaslucky,theycalledbackandapprovedtherepair.WhenwelfarelearnedIwasmakingmoneyonmycartoons,Suzannestarted"visiting"everyfortnightinsteadofeverytwomonths.Shelookedintoeverycornerinsearchofunreportedappliances,ormaids,oraroastpigintheoven,oranewhelicopterparkedoutback.Sheneverfoundanything,buttherewasalwaysathickpileofformstofilloutattheendofeachvisit,accountingforeverypenny.第39页/共67页第三十九页，共68页。Thereisnoprovisioninthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.Iamanindependentbusinessman,slowlybuildingupmymarket.It'simpossibletojumpoffwelfareandsuddenlybemakingtwothousanddollarsamonth.ButIwouldlovetobeabletopayforsomeofmylivingandnothavetogothroughanembarrassingsituationeverytimeIneedasparepartformywheelchair.Thereneedstobealawyerwhocanactasachampionfortherightsofwelfareclients,becausethesystemsoeasilylendsitselftoabusebythewelfaregiversaswellasbytheclients.WelfaresentSuzannetolookaroundinmyapartmenttheotherdaybecausethechemistsaidIwasusingalargerthanusualamountofmedicalsupplies.Iwas,indeed:theholethathasbeensurgicallycuttodrainurinehadchangedsizeandtheconnectiontomyurinebagwasleaking.

第40页/共67页第四十页，共68页。Thereisnoprovision

inthelawforagradualshiftawayfromwelfare.(Para.14)Meaning:Thereisnotanitemoflawtoencouragewelfareclientstobegraduallyindependentofthewelfaresystem.逐渐脱离福利照顾LanguagePoints返回第41页/共67页第四十一页，共68页。LanguagePointstolendoneselfto…

(L.56)Someproblemsdonotlendthemselvestofinancialsolutions.Examplebeeasilyusedforaparticularactivityorresult适宜于；有助于Hervoicedoesn’tlenditselfwelltoblues.返回第42页/共67页第四十二页，共68页。Whileshewastakingnotes,myphonerangandSuzanneansweredit.Thecallerwasastatesenator,whichscaredSuzannealittle.WouldIsitonthegovernor'scommitteeandtrytodosomethingaboutthethousandsofwelfareclientswho,likeme,couldearnpartoralloftheirownlivingsiftheywereallowedtodoso,onestepatatime?Hell,yes,Iwould!Somedaypeoplelikemewillthriveunderanewsystemthatwillencouragethem,notseektoconvictthemofcheating.Theywillbefreetodeveloptheirtalentswithoutguiltorfear—orjustholdagood,steadyjob.第43页/共67页第四十三页，共68页。LanguagePointstoconvictsb.ofdoingsth.wrong

(L.66)Wehavenorighttoorderhimtoleaveschoolunlessthereisenoughevidencetoconvicthimofcheatingintheexam.我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足够的证据证明他考试作弊。Exampledeclareguilty宣判…有罪；使…服罪Compare:accusesb.of；chargesb.with

第44页/共67页第四十四页，共68页。Idon’tthinkthatpoliticiancandrumupmuchsupportwithallhisspeeches.Therewereafewstickymomentsduringthemeeting.Thegovernmentistryingtokeepalowprofileonthisissue.Beingunemployedentitlesyoutofreemedicaltreatment.得到僵局低调使你有权LanguagePoints第45页/共67页第四十五页，共68页。Iherebycertify

thattheaboveinformationistrueandaccurate.Ananonymousletteralertedpolicetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.Youmustbealerttopossibledangers.Thereseemstobeanelectricalproblem.I’llgetsomeonetolookintoit.证明向……报警

警惕检查LanguagePoints第46页/共67页第四十六页，共68页。Howdoyouaccountforthissuddendisappearanceofallthemoney?

Somenovelsquitereadilylendthemselvestoadaptationasplays;othersdonot.Thejuryconvicted

theaccusedmanoftheft.Therewasn’tenoughevidencetoconvicthim.解释适合宣判有罪证明有罪LanguagePoints第47页/共67页第四十七页，共68页。Youarelegallyentitledtotakefaultygoodsbacktothestorewhereyoupurchasedthem,butyouaresupposedtoaccountforwhyyouwanttodoso.1.从法律上说，你完全可以将质量不过关的商品退还给那家商店，但是应该解释清楚为什么。tobeentitledtodolegallytoaccountforTranslation第48页/共67页第四十八页，共68页。Youonlyneedtofilloutaformtogetyourmembership,whichentitlesyoutoadiscountongoods.2.你只需填写一张表格就取得了会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。

tofilloutaformtoentitleyoutoadiscountongoodsTranslation第49页/共67页第四十九页，共68页。3.一年前,那位汽车经销商(dealer)以优质服务来招揽顾客,如今他的生意已十分红火。

byofferinggoodservicesOneyearago,thecardealertriedtodrumupbuyersbyofferinggoodservices.Now,hisbusinessisthriving.

todrumupbuyersbusinessbethrivingTranslation第50页/共67页第五十页，共68页。4.这桩刑事案件经过仔细调查后，他被证明犯了谋杀罪。Thecrimewaslookedintocarefullybeforehewasconvictedofmurder.tolookintocarefullytobeconvictedofmurderTranslation第51页/共67页第五十一页，共68页。5.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后,我打电话向高速公路巡逻队(theFreewayServicePatrol)求助,20分钟后他们帮我解了围,留下了一张150美元的收据。IcalledtheFreewayServicePatrolforhelpaftermycarbrokedownonthefreeway.Twentyminuteslater,theycametomyrescueandlefta$150receipt.tobreakdowntocometomyrescuetocall…forhelpTranslation第52页/共67页第五十二页，共68页。6.由于面临失业的危险，这些工人只好接受了管理部门的意见，重新回去工作。toyieldto…Facedwiththethreatoflosingtheirjobs,theseworkersyieldedtothemanagement’sadviceandwentbacktowork.tobefacedwith…Translation第53页/共67页第五十三页，共68页。7.拐走孩子的那名中年男子向男孩的父亲敲诈了两万美金，来补偿他公司的损失。Themiddle-agedmanwhotooktheboybledthefatherfor$20,000asacompensationforthelossofhiscompany.

asacompensationforthelosstobleedsb.for…Translation第54页/共67页第五十四页，共68页。8.这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立了自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。Themanlivingonwelfarebegantosetuphisownmarket,onestepatatimeandhisbusinessisthriving.themanlivingonwelfarebusinessbethrivingonestepatatimeTranslation第55页/共67页第五十五页，共68页。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第56页/共67页第五十六页，共68页。Summary

Lifeinawheelchairis_____.Livingonwelfareisjustlikesharingadinnerofrawpetfood____thecat.Manywelfareclientsdonothavemoneyto___adecentlife.__________,lyingandcheatingthewelfaresystem___extramoneybecomesnormal.However,someunusualindividuals,whohave____________tolivealifeofcompletehonesty,do___thetruthtocaseworkersand______anyextraincometheymake.Beinghonest,however,isnot_______itsproblems.Caseworkerswillgreatly_______thefrequencyoftheirvisitsandleave______asmalltoughwithliveAsaresultformadeachoicetellwithoutdeclareincreasebehind第57页/共67页第五十七页，共68页。Summarymountainofpaperwork___theclienttofill___.Therulessaythatnotapennyistobe__________for.___asinglegift,_____________small,istobeunreported.Theserulesandthenaturalconsequentlying____________tendtotransformcaseworkers____beinghelpersofthepoor__beingdetectivesconstantly_________foranyformsofcheating.foroutunaccountedNotnomatterhowunfortunatelyfromtosearching第58页/共67页第五十八页，共68页。Pre-readingActivitiesTextUnderstandingLanguagePoints123UnitThreeSummary45Writing第59页/共67页第五十九页，共68页。

Fastfood快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。a快餐受欢迎有两条原因；

b然而，从营养角度讲，快餐却差强人意。3.对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。Writing第60页/共67页第六十页，共68页。FastFood

FastfoodisbecomingmoreandmorepopularinChina,especiallyamongchildrenandteenagers.Today,itis

ratherdifficulttofindanotherthingthatsymbolizesthefastpaceofmodernlifeaspowerfulasfastfood.Forthepopularityoffastfood,therearemainlytworeasons.

Foronething,itisconvenientandsavesthecustomermuchtime.Youjustneedgointoafastfoodrestaurant,orderyourfood,andyourfoodwillbeservedinnotime.YoucaneithereatitthereorWriting第61页/共67页第六十一页，共68页。Writingtakeitaway.Foranother,atfastfoodrestaurants,The