广东省中山市纪念中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

广东省中山市纪念中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.–Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?–Mostofthemarekind,but____issogoodtomeasBruce.A.none

B.noone

C.everyone

D.someone参考答案：A解析：none用来回答“数量”，而noone用来回答“对象”，原句译为“……但没有一个像Bruce那样对我好”。

2.Onlywhenhereturned______thetruth.A.hefoundout

B.didhefindout

C.hefindsout

D.doeshefindout参考答案：B3.Raisingachildcanbe_______,butitiswellworthit.A.overthemoon

B.apieceofcakeC.onitslastlegs

D.aHerculeantask参考答案：D【详解】考查习语。A.overthemoon欣喜若狂；B.apieceofcake小事一桩；C.onitslastlegs奄奄一息；D.aHerculeantask一项艰巨的任务、沥尽心血。句意：抚养孩子虽然很费心血，但是很值得。根据句意可知此处表示“沥尽心血”，故D项正确。4.—Didyougotothefashionshowlastweek?—I_____,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeweek.A.mustgo

B.musthavegone

C.wouldgo

D.wouldhavegone参考答案：D5.Helpingothersisahabit,

youcanlearnevenatanearlyage．A．theone

B．thatC．what

D．one参考答案：D6.Havingmadehisfirstfilmearlierthisyear,heis__________startinginanewone.

A.lately

B.actually

C.recently

D.currently参考答案：D略7.Tonywas_________tofiveyearsinprisonforabusinghispowerduringhisserviceinthelocalgovernment.A.charged

B.deservedC.sentencedD.announced参考答案：C试题分析句意：因为托尼在当地政府任职期间滥用职权而被判了五年徒刑。A.charged要价，指控；B.deserved值得；C.sentenced宣判；D.announced宣布。根据for后面的原因可知选C。固定短语：besemtemcedtofiveyearsinprison“被判处五年徒刑”，选C。考点：考查动词辨析8.Sometimesinsummer,when______sunisrising,youcanstillsee______clearmoonhanginginthesky.A.the,the B.a,the C.the,a D.a,a

参考答案：C9.Westronglyadviseyou______eatingyourmealsolate．It’snothealthy.A．on

B．againstC．fromD．over参考答案：B试题解析：本题考查介词。advisedoingsth/advisesb(not)todosth/advisesbagainstdoingsth为advise的固定词组，against在此表示“反对，对抗”。10.RedSorghumwasadaptedfromMoYan’s1986novelofthesamename,______tolifeavisuallandscapeofredsorghumandafiery______sun.A.brought;setting

B.bringing;setting

C.havingbrought;set

D.bringing;set参考答案：B11.Afterthebellrings，whichindicatestheendingoftheexam，you_____staywhereyouareuntilallyourpapersarecollected．A．shall

B．would

C．will

D．can参考答案：A略12.Findingajobinsuchabigcompanyhasalwaysbeen

hiswildestdreams.A.under

B.over

C.above

D.beyond参考答案：D略13.____isknowntousallisthatChinaisadevelopingcountry____theThirdWorld.

A.As,belongsto B.What,belongsto C.It,belongingto D.What,belongingto参考答案：D14.---We’llgotothepartytobeheldintheGrandTheaterat8tonight.Couldyoujoinus?---I’mafraidIcan’t.I______thepaperwithmyinstructor.A.amdiscussing

B.havediscussed

C.willbediscussing

D.willhavediscussed参考答案：C15.Itsuddenlyoccurredtome

Ihadn’tlockedmydoor．A．which

B．where

C．that

D．whether参考答案：C16.TheSuperGirlWangBei’sdeathhighlightsthefact____cosmeticsurgeryhasbecomeoneofChina’sbiggestbeautysecrets.A.that

B.where

C.what

D.which参考答案：A17.Weunderstand_______smallchangestoourlandcanhaveabigimpactuponourenvironment,______,asweknow,issensitiveenough.A.what;which B.what;where C.how;where D.how;which参考答案：A18.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock_____hearrivedhome.A.before

B.when

C.that

D.how参考答案：B二、填空19.Itissaidthatacourseofferedat

61

universityineatChinawilllinkstudents’weightloss

62

(direct)totheirmarksinabidtolimitstudentobesity.ThecoursefromZhouQuanfu,teacheratNanjingAgriculturalUniversityinJiangsuProvince,aims

63

(encourage)overweightstudentstocontroltheirdietsandincreasetheirexercise.Zhousaid60percentofastudent’sgradewill

64

(determine)bytheirweightloss.Iftheymanagetoreduce7percentoftheir

65

(origin)weight,theycanpassthecourse.Onestudent,

66

declinedtogiveherrealname,saidthatthestudentsrunontreadmills（踏步机）intheschool’sfitnessroomandwalk10kilometerseveryMondayandFridayevening.EveryWednesdayafternoon,theteacherleadsthemonamountain-climbingtrip.“Weusemobileappstorecorddailyfoodintake.”addedthestudent.Before

67

(eat),theysendphotosoftheirfoodviaamobileappfor

68

(suggest)fromnutritionists.“Onlystudents

69

morethan30percentbodyfatorabodymassindex（指数）over28cansignupforthecourse,”saidZhou.Physicalfitnesstestdatashowedthatbetween2013and2014,around13percentofthestudentsinZhou’suniversitywereobese.Hehopesthecoursewillhelpthemloseweightandbecomemoreconfidentin

70

(them)daybyday.参考答案：61.a 62.directly 63.toencourage 64.bedetermine 65.original66.who 67.eating 68.suggestions 69.with 70.themselves20.Oneday,Iwascomfortablywaitingformyflightwithagoodbooktoreadwhen_______elderlyladywaswheeledtoourwaitingarea.Inoticedthetroubleshewashaving________(try)toopenapacketofnutswithhershakinghands.Nooneelsewaswillingtomeethergaze(目光),soI_______(offer)tohelp.Theladywasverygrateful.Wesatandchatted.Thetimecametoboardtheplane.Shecouldwalkbutneededsome_______(assist),soIvolunteeredtohelpherandcarryherbag.AsIhelpedherget_________(settle),Inoticedher“seatmate”,abusinessman,lookedabithorrifiedathavingtomaketheflightwithher.Heofferedtochange_________(seat)withme—andIagreed.Wehadalongchat.Aswewereenteringanothercountryweneededtofilloutforms.Iofferedtofill_______(her)outbecauseofhershakinghands.WelandedandIneededtochangeplanes,butIhelpedherfirst.Thewheelchairsheorderedwasnowheretobeseensoweslowlywalkedtothegate_________herdaughterwaswaiting.Asaresult,Ihadtoruntocatchmyconnectionbut,asIthoughtabouttheexperience,Isawher_________myairportangel,achanceformetohopethatinthefuturewhenI’minmyeightiesandtraveling,someonewilltakethetime____________(connect)withme.参考答案：

(1).1.an

(2).2.trying

(3).3.offered

(4).4.assistance

(5).5.settled

(6).6.seats

(7).7.hers

(8).8.where

(9).9.as

(10).10.toconnect【分析】本文属于记叙文，讲述作者在机场和飞机上帮助一位行动不便的老太太，作者希望以后别人能够同样帮助自己。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：一天，我在读着一本好书等待我的航班，正在这时，一位老太太推着轮椅来到候机室。由于第一次提及老太太，故用不定冠词，elderly为元音发音，故用an。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我注意到她用她颤抖的双手打开一袋坚果有困难。分析句子可知，shewashaving____2____(try)toopenapacketofnutswithhershakinghands为定语从句修饰先行词trouble，本句为短语havetroubleindoingsth，故用现在分词trying。【43题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：没人愿意帮忙，因此我主动帮忙。分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，由于陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时offered。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：她能行走，但是需要一些帮助。分析句子可知，本句缺乏宾语，故用assist的名词形式assistance。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我帮她坐到自己的位置时，我注意到她旁边是一个商人，因为要与老太太一道坐飞机感到很恐怖。分析句子可知，本句为结构getsthdone让某事被做，gethersettled把她安置下来，settle与其逻辑主语her为动宾关系，故用过去分词settled。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：他主动提出和我换位置，我同意了。根据文章可知，商人不愿意与老太太坐在一起，故交换位置，故用seats。【47题详解】考查名词性物主代词。句意：由于她双手不便，因此我帮她填写了表格。根据前文可知，进入其他国家需要填表，故作者帮老太太完成她的表格，作fill的宾语且后面没有名词，故用名词性物主代词hers。【48题详解】考查关系副词。句意：由于没看见她预订的轮椅，因此我们慢慢地走向机场出口，她女儿在那里等她。分析句子可知，herdaughterwaswaiting作定语修饰先行词thegate，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。【49题详解】考查介词。句意:但是我回想这次经历，我把这位老太太视为我的机场天使。本句为短语seesbas把某人视作，故用介词as。【50题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：希望在我八十多岁旅行的时候，有人能够花点时间帮助我。分析句子可知，作者希望自己的付出，在以后别人也能够帮助她，本句为taketimetodosth花时间做某事，故用不定式toconnect。【点睛】getsthdone与havesthdone区别。havesth.done和getsth.done的意思其实是一样的，都是表达“（让别人）做某事”的意思比如说，Ihavehadmyroomcleaned.我已经（让别人）打扫好了房间。Ineedtohavemyhaircuttomorrow.我明天要去剪头发。（其实是让别人剪）1.getsthdone一般是指自己完成的，比如Igetmyhomeworkfinished.havesth.done一般是由别人完成的，比如Ihavemyhaircut.2.have+sth(宾语)+过去分词(宾语补足语)意为"让/叫/使/请别人做某事"宾语sth后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth与过去分词表示动作之间的被动关系。have/getsomethingdone=完成了什么事情，做完了什么事情Ihavemyhairdyedinredcolor1.我把头发染成了红色。搭配中的done在句中必须是过去分词的形式，表示什么被做了，或者已经做了什么。三、阅读理解21.Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Manyoftheproblemsfacingtoday’sworldaren’tnewstous.Theenvironmentisindireneedofhelpbecauseit’sbeingdamaged,hungeriswidespreadthroughouttheworld,andworkersinthirdworldcountriesarecontinuouslybeingexploited.Therefore,individualsacrosstheglobeneedtobandtogetherforacauseandusetheircollectiveeffortstomakeallthedifferenceintheworld.

Forinstance,onepersonrecyclingacanorabottledoesn’tseemlikemuch.Butifeveryhouseholdinagivencityweretorecycleandconserveenergy,thatcitycouldmakeahugepositiveimpactonenvironmentaldamage.Similarly,therearecountlesswaystohelpfightworldhunger—whetherit’stodonatemoneytoadedicatedworldwidecharity,donatecannedgoodstoyourlocalcharity,orevenmakelifestylechangeslikegoingvegetarian.Worldhungerisamassiveproblem—butitdoesn’tmeanindividualsthemselvescan’tmakeadifference.

Workerexploitationisanotherhugeproblem.Allacrosstheworld—particularlyinthirdworldcountries—workersareforcedtolaborlonghours,withclosetonopay.Yettheseworkerscontinuetoshowuptosuchawayoflife,becausetheyhavenootheroptions.

So,howcanpeoplelikeushelpfightsuchabigproblem?Simplyraisingawarenessoftheproductsyoubuyinstores—fromclothingtofood—isamassivestart.Forexample,ifyouseetwosimilarproductssidebysideinafoodshop,butoneofthemislabeled“fairtrade”，you’llknowimmediatelythattheworkerswholaboredtoproducethatproductweregivenafairpricefortheirgoods.Andtrue,fairtradeproductsmightcostalittlebitmore,butbuyingthemisasignificantstarttohelpfightworkerexploitation.

Inshort,eachofusshouldbesociallyconscioustomakeadifferencetowidespreadsocialproblems.

(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOTMORETHAN10words.)81.Accordingtothepassage,whataretheproblemsfacingtoday’sworld？

_________________________________________________________.82.Toovercometheproblemsfacingtoday’sworld,peopleshould_________________________________________________________________________.83.Wecanfightworldhungerby___________________________________________.84.Ifyou______________________________________,youarehelpingfightworkerexploitation.参考答案：81.Environmentaldamage,worldhungerandworkerexploitation82.bandtogetherandusecollectiveefforts83.donatingmoneyorcannedgoodsandmakinglifestylechanges84.buy“fairtrade”product22.SinceEnglishbiologistCharlesDarwinpublishedOntheOriginofSpeciesin1859,scientistshavevastlyimprovedtheirknowledgeofnaturalhistory.However,alotofinformationisstillofthespeculation,andscientistscanstillonlymakeeducatedguessesatcertainthings.Onesubjectthattheyguessaboutiswhysome400millionyearsago,animalsintheseadevelopedlimbs(肢)thatallowedthemtomoveontoandliveonland.Recently,anideathatoccurredtotheUSpaleontologist(古生物学家)AlfredRomeracenturyagobecameahottopiconceagain.Romerthoughtthattidal(潮汐的)poolsmighthaveledtofishgaininglimbs.Seaanimalswouldhavebeenforcedintothesepoolsbystrongtides.Then,theywouldhavebeenmadeeithertoadapttotheirnewenvironmentclosetolandordie.Thefittestamongthemgrewtoaccomplishthetransition(过渡)fromseatoland.Romercalledtheseearliestfour-footedanimals“tetrapods”.Sciencehasalwaysthoughtthatthiswasacredibletheory,butonlyrecentlyhastherebeenstrongenoughevidencetosupportit.HannahByrneisanoceanographer(海洋学家)atUppsalaUniversityinSweden.Sheannouncedatthe2018OceanSciencesMeetinginOregon,US,thatbyusingcomputersoftware,herteamhadmanagedtolinkHomer’stheorytoplaceswherefossildeposits(沉积物)oftheearliesttetrapodswerefound.AccordingtothemagazineScience,in2014,StevenBalbus,ascientistattheUniversityofOxfordintheUK,calculatedthat400millionyearsago,whenthemovefromlandtoseawasachieved,tideswerestrongerthantheyaretoday.Thisisbecausetheplanetwas10percentclosertothemoonthanitisnow.Thecreaturesstrandedinthepoolswouldhavebeenunderthepressureof“survivalofthefittest”,explainedMattiasGreen,anoceanscientistattheUK’sUniversityofBangor.AshetoldScience,“Afterafewdaysinthesepools,youbecomefoodoryourunoutoffoodthefishthathadlargelimbshadanadvantagebecausetheycouldflip(翻转)themselvesbackinthewater.”Asisoftenthecase,however,thereareotherswhofindthetheorylessconvincing.CambridgeUniversity’spaleontologistJenniferClark,speakingtoNaturemagazine,seemedunconvinced.“It’sonlyoneofmanyideasfortheoriginofland-basedtetrapods,anyorallofwhichmayhavebeenapartoftheanswer,”shesaid.28.Whofirstproposedthetheorythatfishmighthavegainedlimbsbecauseoftidalpools?A.HannahByrne.

B.CharlesDarwin.

C.StevenBalbus.

D.AlfredRomer.29.Whyweretidesstronger400millionyearsagothantheyaretodayaccordingtoStevenBalbus?A.Therewerelargeroceans.

B.Earthwasundergreaterpressure.C.Earthwasclosertothemoon.

D.Themoongaveoffmoreenergy.30.Theunderlinedword“stranded”inParagraph8probablymeans“________”.A.settled

B.trapped

C.abandoned

D.found31.Whatisthefocusofthearticle?A.Theargumentsoverascientifictheory.B.Theproposalofanewscientifictheory.C.Somenewevidencetosupportaprevioustheory.D.Anewdiscoverythatquestionsaprevioustheory.参考答案：28.D

29.C

30.B

31.C【分析】本文是议论文，AlfredRomer在一个世纪前提出的观点现在又成了热门话题，文中介绍了一些支持此观点的根据。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Recently,anideathatoccurredtotheUSpaleontologist(古生物学家)AlfredRomeracenturyagobecameahottopiconceagain.和第四段Romerthoughtthattidal(潮汐的)poolsmighthaveledtofishgaininglimbs.可知AlfredRomer在一个世纪前就提出潮水的涌入，促使鱼长出了四肢。故选D.【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段400millionyearsago,whenthemovefromlandtoseawasachieved,tideswerestrongerthantheyaretoday.Thisisbecausetheplanetwas10percentclosertothemoonthanitisnow.可知4亿年前的潮汐比现在更强，这是因为地球比现在离月球近10%.故选C.【30题详解】猜测词义题。根据MattiasGreen的观点Afterafewdaysinthesepools,youbecomefoodoryourunoutoffoodthefishthathadlargelimbshadanadvantagebecausetheycouldflip(翻转)themselvesbackinthewater.可知被困在水池中几天，鱼就会没有食物或成为食物，四肢大的鱼生存更有优势。由此可知被困在水池里的生物会承受“适者生存”的压力，stranded意为“陷入困