初中英语阅读理解解题技巧资料

ReadingComprehension

阅读(yuèdú)理解第一页，共47页。1.Tolearnthefourtypesofquestionsinreadingcomprehension2.Tolearntheskills,methodsandstepstodoreadingcomprehension.3.Toimprovetheabilitiesofreadingcomprehension.Learningaims

第二页，共47页。预学探标Pre-task(Checkpreviewwork)

1.Whendid“colorfulcutting”turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou?A.IntheSuiDynastyB.IntheTangDynastyC.IntheQingDynastyD.AfterthefoundingofPRC.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2?A.开花B.繁茂C.凋谢D.发芽(fāyá)3.Fromthepassageweknow______helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cutting.A.thedevelopmentofpaper-makingindustryB.theprosperityofeconomyC.Chinesegovernment’shighvalue（重视）D.Alltheabove4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdopeoplemakepaper-cuttingB.ThewaytocutpaperC.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cuttingD.TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper-cutting第三页，共47页。预学探标Pre-task(Checkpreviewwork)

1.Whendid“colorfulcutting”turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou?A.IntheSuiDynastyB.IntheTangDynastyC.IntheQingDynastyD.AfterthefoundingofPRC.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2?A.开花B.繁茂C.凋谢D.发芽(fāyá)3.Fromthepassageweknow______helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cutting.A.thedevelopmentofpaper-makingindustryB.theprosperityofeconomyC.Chinesegovernment’shighvalue（重视）D.Alltheabove4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Howdopeoplemakepaper-cuttingB.ThewaytocutpaperC.ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper-cuttingD.TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper-cutting

词义猜测题

Guessingmeanings

推理判断题Inferringaconclusion

主旨大意题Findingoutmainideas细节理解题Lookingfordetails第四页，共47页。1．细节(xìjié)理解题此类考题一般在文章中都能找到相对应的答案。主要(zhǔyào)提问方式(fāngshì)有：(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE(NOTtrue)?(2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?(3)Fromthefirst(second/third...)paragraphweknowthat________.第五页，共47页。Task1lookingfordetails（细节(xìjié)理解）互学析标While-Task

Lastweekend,thefourmembersofmyfamilyspentanenjoyableholidayattheMagicKingdom-Disneyland.Andoneeventmadeourvisitseemtrulymagical.WegottothefrontofthelineatSpaceMountain,onlytofindoutthatourlittledaughterGloriacouldn'ttakeherice-creamontheride.Weweresoexcitedthatweallforgotice-creamwasnotallowedontheride.1.Thefamily'svisittotheMagicKingdomwas________.A)helpfulB)awfulC)frighteningD)amazing2.Beforetheride,Gloriacriedbecause_________.A)shecouldn'tfindherparentsinthelineB)shewastoolittletotaketherideC)shecouldn'ttakeherice-creamontherideD)shehadtowaitfortwentyminutes第六页，共47页。技巧(jìqiǎo)点拨：这类题目有两个特点： (1)凡是针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为(zuòwéi)验证。这一部分可能是一个词或短语，也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子，但句式、用词和表达方式与题设不同。(2)干扰项往往(wǎngwǎng)是真假细节混杂，甚至相关细节和无关细节混杂。

解答此类试题，首先要弄清题目和每个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示。当答案难以确定时，还可辅以排除法。第七页，共47页。例:

79.Noonewantstolistento_______fromothers’MP3players.

A)

a

loud

sound

B)sad

stories

C)a

long

movie

D)the

words

of

a

song解析(jiěxī):第二段倒数第三行“Not

one

wants

to

listen

to

this.

Very

loud

music

can

alsobebad

for

your

ears”，可以得出答案，选择A第八页，共47页。80.

We

should

turn

down

the

music

when

we

are

alone

because

loud

music

.

A)

is

not

enjoyable

B)makes

us

tired

C)is

bad

for

MP3

players

D)hurts

our

ears解析】根据(gēnjù)第二段倒数第一行“Very

loud

music

can

also

be

bad

for

your

ears,

so

even

if

you

are

alone

when

listening

to

our

MP3

player,

you

shouldn't

have

it

turned

up

too

high”得出结论，选择D

第九页，共47页。82.

We

can

take

once

earphone

out

when

we_

A)

show

others

the

way

B)talk

to

friends

on

the

phone

C)watch

a

sporting

event

D)have

dinner

with

our

parents

解析】根据第四段的介绍我们可以排除C项和D项，A和B在原文中都有提及，但是原文中指(zhōngzhǐ)的是“answer

the

telephone”这一短暂的动作，而B项是与朋友在“telephone”中聊天，是个延续性的动作，故选择A第十页，共47页。1.OnFebruary9th,2013,SarahDarlingwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshemetahomelessmannamedBillyRayHarris.Shereachedintoherchangepurse,emptiedoutofallthecoinshehadandgavethemtothehomelessman…Sarahdidn’trealizethatshehadgivenBillynotonlyallherchangebutalsoherdiamondringthatshehadputinherchangepurseuntilthefollowingmorning…

WhendidSarahrealizethatshehadalsogivenBillyherdiamondring?A.OnFebruary9th,2013B.OnFebruary10th,2013C.OnFebruary18th,2013D.OnFebruary22nd,2013互学析标While-Task

第十一页，共47页。常见(chánɡjiàn)提问方式有：1.Thewordinthepassagemeans…2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?Task2Guessingthemeaning(词义(cíyì)猜测)互学析标While-Task

2.

词义猜测题Guessingmeanings

1.

细节理解题Lookingfordetails

3.推理判断题Inferringaconclusion

4.

主旨大意题findingoutmainideas第十二页，共47页。第十三页，共47页。2．词义(cíyì)猜测题此类考题要求考生(kǎoshēng)根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。主要(zhǔyào)提问方式有：(1)Theunderlinedword“...”inthepassage(mostprobably)means________.(2)Theunderlinedwordinthefirst(second/third...)paragraphrefersto________.(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“...”mean?第十四页，共47页。技巧点拨：常见的猜词方法有： (1)通过(tōngguò)定义、释义猜测词义第十五页，共47页。(3)通过生活常识(chángshí)猜测词义第十六页，共47页。如：Lisaletthehairdresser“trim”herhairabitbecauseitgrewtoolong.根据because从句所讲的意思，我们可推测(tuīcè)trim就是之意。(5)通过(tōngguò)构词法猜测词义根据学过的构词法知识，知道(zhīdào)词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。如：ThejourneytoHawaiithissummeris“unforgettable."'利用构词法常识和我们已熟悉的词forget，我们可以知道unforgettable就是的意思。修剪难以忘怀的第十七页，共47页。A,胸无点墨的B,毫无兴趣(xìngqù)的

C,寡言少语的D，无话可说的第十八页，共47页。A,陌生人B,行人(xíngrén)C,故人D,古代人第十九页，共47页。(6)根据(gēnjù)列举的事例猜测词义第二十页，共47页。Alotoftheworld’snaturalresourceslikeoilcomefrompoorcountries.A.环境B.资源C.汽油2.Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.A.帽子B.雨鞋C.眼镜(yǎnjìng)3..Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasfaint.A.明亮B.昏暗C.灿烂4.Tomisverypolite,buthisbrotherisquiterash.A.礼貌B.谦虚C.粗鲁Haveatry:choosethebestanswers

互学析标While-Task

第二十一页，共47页。Example:Todaywasaveryhecticdayforme．Iwokeuplate，hurriedtotheoffice，workeduntilfour，wenttothestore，cookeddinnerandwashedclothes．IdidsomanythingsthatIwascertainlyverytired．A.焦急的B.忙碌的C.悠闲(yōuxián)的D.快乐的Task2Guessingthemeaning(词义(cíyì)猜测)互学析标While-Task

第二十二页，共47页。IspentaboutonehourwalkingaroundthecitytolookforBusNo.32.Thetricycle(三轮车)wasnice,butitwasalittletooexpensiveforasmalldistance.MaybeIwasrippedoffbytheguidewhorodeforme,butitwasanenjoyable.Theunderlinedphrase“rippedoff”means_____A.优惠B.退款(tuìkuǎn)C.骗钱D.免费

互学析标While-Task

第二十三页，共47页。Task3Inferringaconclusion（推理(tuīlǐ)判断）互学析标While-Task

2.

词义猜测题Guessingmeanings

1.

细节理解题Lookingfordetails

3.推理判断题Inferringaconclusion

4.

主旨大意题findingoutmainideas第二十四页，共47页。3．推理(tuīlǐ)判断题 这类题要求考生透过表面文字信息推测文字的隐含意思，对文章的发展情节及作者态度、意图等作出合乎逻辑的推理判断。它主要考查考生依据(yījù)图表、短文内容及常识进行推理和判断的能力。主要提问方式有：(1)Whatcanweknowaccordingtothepassage?(2)Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea________.(3)Fromthepassagewecanknow________.(4)Thewriterwritesthispassageto________.(5)Thewritersuggeststhat________.第二十五页，共47页。 技巧点拨：解答此类题目时，考生要在阅读时抓住文章的主题和细节，从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分(chōngfèn)挖掘文章的深层含义，对暗含在文章中的事件的因果关系、人物动机以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时，要善于抓住文章中实质性的东西，不要被表面的假象或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并注意在推断作者态度时力求从作者的观点去思考，切勿凭个人观点、习惯看法来选择答案。第二十六页，共47页。在一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，天气冷得让人不想出门，见习警员走在大街上，突然听到一个女子大喊：“有人打劫啦!”见习警员刚一回身，就见一个黑影朝着远处逃离，他立刻追了上去，但是这贼跑得飞快(fēikuài)，警员追了八条街之后没影了。后来警员在一家商铺前看到了四个人，根据调查，犯人就在这四人当中，请你猜一猜谁是？A,正在闲暇百无聊赖抽烟的人B,正在手机通话的人C,正在聚精会神看报纸的人D,正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人第二十七页，共47页。D＄第二十八页，共47页。你能列举一些常见的提问(tíwèn)方式吗？Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.Wecaninferfromthetextthat______.Fromthetextweknowthat_____.Whatdoesthewritermean?Whatdoesthestorytellus?…Task3Inferringaconclusion（推理(tuīlǐ)判断）互学析标While-Task

Groupwork第二十九页，共47页。A,cruellyB,kindlyC,fairlyD,unfriendly第三十页，共47页。A,positive(肯定的）B,neutral（中立(zhōnglì)的）C,negative（否定的）D,nervous（紧张的）第三十一页，共47页。此类问题(wèntí)常见的提问方式1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.3)What’sthemainideaoftheparagraphorpassage?

2.

词义猜测题Guessingmeanings

1.

细节理解题Lookingfordetails

3.推理判断题Inferringaconclusion

4.

主旨大意题FindingoutmainideasTask4:Findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互学析标While-Task

第三十二页，共47页。4．主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意题此类考题多针对段落或短文的主题(zhǔtí)或标题来设题。主要提问方式(fāngshì)有：(1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?(2)What'sthemainideaofthepassage?(3)Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.第三十三页，共47页。主题句一般具有(jùyǒu)三个特点：(1)表述(biǎoshù)的意思比较概括，相对其他句子来看，它的概括性更为(ɡènɡwéi)明显。(2)句子结构比较简单，多数都不会采用长、难句的形式。(3)段落中的其他句子起到解释支撑主题句的作用。在一篇短文或一个段落中，大部分主题句的出现情况有以下三种：(1)主题句在篇首或段首主题句在篇首或段首的情况相当普遍。一般新闻报道、说明文、议论文大都采用先总述后分述的方法。第三十四页，共47页。 (2)主题句在篇末或段末 用归纳(guīnà)法写文章时，往往表述细节的句子在前，概括性的句子在后，并以此结尾。这种位于篇末或段末的主题句往往是对前面细节的总结、归纳(guīnà)或概括。第三十五页，共47页。(3)无主题(zhǔtí)句有时，一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句，需从文章出提炼、总结出文章的主题。常用技巧是首先找出每一段的中心意思。各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开(zhǎnkāi)的，或者是来说明一个问题的，这个中心或问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思。第三十六页，共47页。Example1Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousillness,smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblecancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Task4:findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互学析标While-Task

第三十七页，共47页。Example2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.Task4:findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互学析标While-Task

第三十八页，共47页。

Task4:findingoutthemainidea(主旨(zhǔzhǐ)大意)互学析标While-Task

A,第三十九页，共47页。1.Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.InJapan,giftsarenotopened.Later,thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse.InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.Theywillpayforaparkbenchoratreetohelprememberaperson.IntheUSA,somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.互学析标While-Task

Thispassageismainlyabout__________InCanada,manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse.B.InJapan,giftsarenotopenedC.InSweden,doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift.D.Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries.第四十页，共47页。互学析标While-Task

2.Growingmushrooms(蘑菇(mógu))isprobablytheeasiestthingyoucandoevenifyouarenewtomushroomgrowing.Itisbecomingmorecommonbecauserestaurantsarestartingtocreatemoredishesthatincludemushrooms.........Mushroomgrowingisnotdifficultanditiseasytostartedintheworldoffarming.Youwillsoonpossiblybeabletoprovidesomeofthegreatcooksoftheworldwithhighqualitymushroomsthatwillbeenjoyedbythousandsofpeopleallovertheworld.Thebesttitleofthepassageis___________A.HealthymushroomsB.ThevalueofmushroomsC.HowtochoosemushroomsD.Suggestionsongrowingmushrooms

第四十一页，共47页。1.速读问题(wèntí)3.通读(tōnɡdú)文章2.寻找(xúnzhǎo)答案逆向解题法4.核对答案1.通读文章3.寻找答案2.速读问题4.核对答案正向解题法促学化标While-Task

Discussion:

Doyouknowthestepstodoreadingcomprehension?第四十二页，共47页。促学化标While-Task

AnAustralia16-year-oldgirl,Jessicatookoffonhernon-stoptriparoundtheworld,onOctober18,2009.Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht(快艇(kuàitǐng)).Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds,wavesashighasmountains,andloneliness,inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams,whatevertheymightbe.Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto__________A.writeabookaboutherselfB.becomerichandfamousC.wintheworld’sadmirationD.proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams第四十三页，共47页。促学化标While-Task

AnAustralia16-year-oldgirl,Jessicatookoffonhernon-stoptriparoundtheworld,onOctober18,2009.Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht(快艇(kuàitǐng)).Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds,wavesashighasmountains,andloneliness,inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams,whatevertheymightbe.Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto__________A.writeabookaboutherselfB.becomerichandfamousC.wintheworld’sadmirationD.proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams第四十四页，共47页。A

You

probably

know

you

should

say"

please"

and"

thank

you"

at

restaurants.

You

probably

know

the

rules

of

a

library.

You

know

you

should

respect

and

be

nice

to

your

classmates.

But

do

you

have

music

manners?

Keep

It

Down!

You

have

to

notice

the

volume

of

your

music.

Yo