上课用高考英语完形填空讲解示范课课件

完形填空专练WELCOMEHowtodoclozetests?高考总体要求

完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。BriefintroductionDiscussion:Whatareyourmethodsofdoingclozetests?英语完形填空解题步骤1.速览全文，把握大意。

做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空每个小题的正确答案都是有充分根据的，可以在文章汇总找到具体的突破口也就是信息点。解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。≈2mins≈10mins≈2mins≈1mins2.细读首句，摸清文路。4.复核全文，调整答案。3.瞻前顾后，准确选择。Fourmethods(四种常用的方法)：1、context上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations

词语辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识TheskillsoffinishingCloze?Whatdowelearntoday?Skill1:Choosingby上下文、语境Skill2:

Choosingby逻辑推理Skill3:Choosingby

词语辨析和固定搭配Skill4:Choosingby语法分析Skill5:Choosingby文化背景和常识Skill1:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境)eg.Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood_____.A.hearingB.healthC.eyesight1)Theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.C2)Theycan’tlistentomusicornewsovertheradio,buttheycanreadwithglasses.3)Theycan’twalkoutside,buttheycanwatchTVorlistentomusicornewsovertheradioathome.ABeg4.Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very____.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous

Skill1:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境)eg1.Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle____thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.

A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later√Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）eg2.Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”

Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid．“My________，Mommy．”Shesaid，“No．Manypeoplearedeaf（聋的）…A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head√eg1.Atthismoment,theairhostess

1.Shelookedpale,butwasquite2.

1.A.showedB.presentedC.exposedD.appeared

2.A.wellB.stillC.calmD.quietVt.Vt.Vt.ViSkill3:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语用法)eg2.Inthemorning,thekingwenttovisitthepond.Tohissurprise,thepondwasonlyfilledwithwater!Whathappened?Yes!Everyonehadthesameidea__thatman.A.withB.toC.asD.ofthesame。Skill4:Choosingbygrammar(语法分析)eg1.…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange____quitepleasanttaste.

A.beside

B.butC.andD.or

。

eg1.Iturnedthekeyinthelockand_____thedooropen.knockedB.forcedC.pushedD.triedeg2.Allovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof______ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.A.allB.noneC.someD.bothSkill5:Choosingbycommonsense(常识)eg3.(Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothe＿＿＿＿＿hospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest

1、Informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息(原词复现、近义词和反义词等）(1)MissBrownsaid,“MayI

17(correct)

asmallmistakethatyoumade,MissDike?Columbuscrossedthe18

inthe15th,notthe16thcentury.He

19(discovered)

Americain1492.SirFrancisDrakewasagreatsailorinthe16thcentury.You

20(mighthavecrossed)

theAtlanticoceanwithhim.A.PacificB.IndianC.ArcticD.Atlantic(2)IrememberasachildIsaidsomething

40

aboutsomebody,andmyfathersaid,“Anytimeyousaysomething

unpleasant

aboutsomebodyelse,it’sareflectionofyou.”(NMET2005山东)A.unkind

B.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual(3)Apparently,althoughnoonewantstobe

51

allthetime,everyoneneedssomedegreeofprivacy.2007上海）A.noisy

B.alone

C.personal

D.sociableDAB2、Worddistinctionsorcollocations词语辨析和固定搭配(1)ManyboysandgirlslearnEnglishatschool.Itisoneoftheir

4(subjects)

.ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitis5(useful)

intheirwork.SomeyoungpeoplelearnEnglish6(for)

theirhigherstudiesbecausesomeoftheirbooksare

7English.A.inB.withC.atD.of(2)Withsuchacreditcard,youcantravelandentertainwhenandwhereyou

15(want)

.Theworld’sleadinghotels,motelsandresorts（胜地）welcometheCard.Youcanchargenearlyeverything,includinggolfandtennis16.A.moneyB.faresC.ticketsD.feesAD3、Context上下文语境(1)TheancientGreekswereveryinterestedinthenatureoftheworldaroundthemandputforwardmanyinterestingtheoriestoexplainthings.Sometimestheywereright,

1

veryoftentheywerewrong.A.andB.soC.butD.for(2)Areyourtablemannersmuchbetterwhenyouareeatingatafriend’shomeorinarestaurantthantheyareatyourownhome?Probablyso,1(because)

youareawarethatpeoplejudgeyoubyyourtablemanners.Youtakespecialpainswhenyouareeating2.(2005上海)

A.inpublicB.athomeC.ateaseD.inahurryCA4、Culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常识(1)…themotherwasholdingtheirbabydaughter,Ally.Thelittlegirlhadsomefoodstuckinherthroat,andcouldhardlybreathe.Mr.Whitedrovethemto

.Theambulancewasrunningveryfastalongtheroad.A.thebesthospital B.thebiggesthospitalC.thenearesthospitalD.theChildren’sHospital(2)PeopleofBurhngtonarebeingdisturbedbythesoundofbells.FourstudentsfromBurlingtonCollegeofHigherEducationareinthebelltowerofthe26havemadeuptheirmindsto27(ring)thebellsnonstopfortwoweeksasaprotest（抗议）againstheavytruckswhichrun28(dayandnight)throughthenarrowHighStreet.(NMET1999)

A.collegeB.villageC.townD.church

CDStep3Readthepassageagainand

checktheanswers.（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）

Tips:1、thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate（时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致）2、grammarandcollocations（语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否逻辑上一致）3、theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs(段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4、themeaningofthewholepassage（整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理）

Step1

Skip(跳读)thepassagetoget

thegeneralidea

andpayattentionto

thefirstsentence.Intheclozetest,thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence(首句).Ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.(完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）Skipthefollowingpassageandtrytogetthegeneralideaofit.

ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.

AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe

2holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4

Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5dayoffwork.

Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployers

6togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary,Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonths’paidleave,withawarming:useitor7it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8

tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“It’snotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butit’sgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan

9arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.(2004上海卷）

Generalidea:InEuropeancountries,thebirthratehasdecreased.Sothegovernmentsaretakingmeasurestoencourageparentstocreatemorebabies.Step2

Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusing

some

methods.

在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。TheskillsoffinishingCloze?Whatdowelearntoday?Skill1:Choosingby上下文、语境Skill2:

Choosingby逻辑推理Skill3:Choosingby词汇和短语用法Skill4:Choosingby语法分析Skill5:Choosingby常识完形填空四利用：1.利用复现或同类的词汇答题。2.利用前后文的对仗关系。3.利用上下文的逻辑关系。4.生活常识。完形填空三忌：忌不看首句，直奔空格处作答。忌当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。忌先入为主，一气呵成。做题时先填把握的空格，对不是很有把握的先放一放，在后文的到答案或在做完全文后回头看才会获得答案。

Themorewepractice,theeasieritwillbe!Clozeisinteresting,thoughdifficult.Step1

Skipthepassagetoget

thegeneralidea

andpayattentionto

thefirstsentence.（跳读掌握大意，注意首句）Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusing

somemethods.（借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案）Step3

Readthepassageagainand

checktheanswers.（复读检查）ThreestepsSumup（总结）1、context上下文语境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations

词语辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage

利用文章中的信息（原词复现、近义词和反义词等）4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense

文化背景和常识Fourmethods

Doaclozetestandthinkaboutthemethods.

ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreasesincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe

2

holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe3ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5

dayoffwork.ExpertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployersA

BACD

6togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonths’paidleave,withawarming:useitor7it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“It’snotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butit’sgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9

arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10

policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.DDCBBHowmanymethodsareusedwhenyoudothiscloze?Discuss:ThebirthrateinEuropehasbeeninasteadydecreassincethe1960s.Europeancountries,realizingcrisisisathand,areprovidinggreatencouragementforparentstocreatemorebabiesinthe21stcentury.AffairsMinistryconcludedlastyearthat,1(in

spiteof)cashencouragement,somewomenjustdon’twanttobe2(left)holdingthebaby.“Whatweknowisthatit’sgoodforthe3(birth-rate)

ifmenandwomensharetheburdenofhavingchildren”saysSorenKindlund,familypolicyadviserattheSwedishministry.4(Eventhough)

Swedishparentscantaketheirpaidleaveastheywish,menuseamere12%ofit;60%offathersdonottakeevena(n)5

(single)

dayoffwork.Expertsfearthatthetendencyforwomentousemostoftheparentalleavecouldmakeemployerscontext(上下文)worddistinctions(词语辨析)informationgiveninthepassage(原词复现)context(上下文)collocations(固定搭配)6(reluctant)togiveyoungwomenthepermanent（永久的）jobstheyneedtoqualifyforpaidmaternityleave(产假).InJanuary.Swedendecidedtoallownewfatherstwomonths’paidleave,withawarming:useitor7(lose)it.Kindlundadmitsthatmenareunder8(pressure)

tostayatwork,eventhoughparentalpaycomesoutofthepublicpurse.“It’snotpopularamongbossesandperhapswithothermenintheworkplace,”hesays.“Butit’sgoodforthefatherandforthechildiftheycan9(buildup)arelationship.”InNorway,a(n)10(similar)

policyhasworkedwonders.70%ofdadsinNorwaynowtakeparentalleave,andthebirthrateof1.85childrenperwomanisoneofthehighestinEurope.context(上下文)context(上下文)context(上下文)worddistinctions(词语辨析)context(上下文)Homework

Dotheclozetestsonthepaper.Herearesome

Basicskillsof

clozeSkill1:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境)eg.Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood_____.A.hearingB.healthC.eyesight1)Theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.C2)Theycan’tlistentomusicornewsovertheradio,buttheycanreadwithglasses.3)Theycan’twalkoutside,buttheycanwatchTVorlistentomusicornewsovertheradioathome.ABeg2.Waittillyouaremore_____.

A.relaxedB.satisfiedC.certain1)It’sbettertobesurethansorry.C2)I’llimproveitoncemore.B3)Orelseyou’llbemorenervousonthestage.Aeg3.Traveling____,todaybecomesyesterday;travelingwestitistomorrow.A.southB.eastC.northD.westeg4.Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very____.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerouseg1.Whenwetalked,Idiscovered（发现）somedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle____thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.

A.shorterB.longerC.earlierD.later√Skill2：logic（逻辑推理）eg2.Mymotheroftenaskedme，“Whatisthemostimportantpartofthebody?”

Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttousashumans，soIsaid．“My________，Mommy．”Shesaid，“No．Manypeoplearedeaf（聋的）…A.earsB.eyesC.bodyD.head√eg1.Atthismoment,theairhostess

1.Sh