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Module6

AnimalsinDanger类别基础梳理核心单词1.___________(n.)挣扎;斗争2.______________(adv.)同时3._______(n.)目标;目的4._______(vt.)产卵;下蛋5._________(n.)焦点;集中点strugglemeanwhileaimlayfocus类别基础梳理核心单词6.__________(vt.)浪费7.____________(vt.)使……处于险境;危及→_____________(adj.)濒危的→_________(n.)危险→______________(adj.)危险的8.______________(n.)保护区;保护圈→______________(v.)预订wasteendangerendangereddangerdangerousreservereserve类别基础梳理核心单词9._____________(n.)栖息地→_______________(n.)居民10.___________(adj.)灭绝的;绝种的→______________(n.)灭绝,绝种11.___________(vt.)保护→________________(n.)保护habitantinhabitantextinctextinctionprotectprotection类别基础梳理核心单词12._______(adj.)值……钱→_______________(adj.)值得花时间/金钱/精力的→___________(adj.)值得的,应得的13.____________(vt.)涉及;包括→______________(adj.)棘手的,有关的worthworthwhileworthyinvolveinvolved类别基础梳理核心单词14.__________(n.)奇迹→_______________(adj.)精彩的15.__________(n.)能源→_______________(adj.)精力充沛的wonderwonderfulenergyenergetic1.

关心某事2.

为……献身3.

照看,照料4.

对……有影响5.

攻击某人;对……也适用6.

除……之外,也7.

(动物)以……为食8.

代表9.

建立,设立10.

当场;在现场11.________________成为时尚12._______________对……采取强硬措施13.__________集中于giveone'slifeto...onthespotcomeintofashiongettoughwithbeconcernedaboutsth.keepaneyeongoforsb.feedonhaveaneffectonstandforaswellassetupfocuson经典句型1._______________________,thepoachers

hadanadvantage—thereweremoreofthem.

尽管很吃惊,偷猎者有一个优势——他们人多。2._______________thenumber___________toabout50,000.截止到20世纪90年代,藏羚羊的数目下降到了大约5万头。AlthoughsurprisedBythe1990shadfallen经典句型3.Often__________atnight,thepoachersshootwholeherdsofantelopeatatime,___________onlythebabies,___________

woolisnotworthsomuch.那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动,一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊,只留下那些毛不那么值钱的幼崽。workingleavingwhose经典句型4.TheanimalsareskinnedonthespotandthewooltakentoIndia,__________itismadeintotheshawls.这些被猎杀的藏羚羊被就地剥皮,羊毛被运送到印度,在那里被织成披肩。where经典句型5.Buttodaythegovernment_______________________thebattle.但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。seemstobewinning轻松闯关Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Manyoppositionsupportershadtheirgoods________(没收).答案:confiscated2.Policefoundillegalweaponswhenthey________(突击搜查)fivehomesyesterday.答案:raided3.Inan________(理想的)worldtherewouldbenoneedforapoliceforce.答案:ideal4.Thegrasslandisanimportant________(栖息地)formanywildflowers.答案:habitant

5.Scientistsbelievethatdinosaurshavebeen________(灭绝的)formillionsofyears.答案:extinct6.Jameswashitinthemouthashe________(斗争)withtheburglars.答案:struggled

7.Unemploymentinsurancemeansthatyouarepartially________(保护)ifyouloseyourjob.答案:protected8.Ididn'trealizeputtingonaplay________(涉及)somuchwork.答案:involved

9.Hefeltheneededto________(集中)moreonhiscareer.答案:focus10.Hecalledthepolicebecausehewas________(担心)forhersafety.答案:concerned

Ⅱ.完成句子1.由于约翰的不懈努力,音乐会取得了巨大的成功。________________John'stirelessefforts,theconcertwasabigsuccess.答案:Thanksto

2.作为唯一的在场者,我能够作重大的决定。Astheman________________________,Iwasinapositiontomakevitaldecisions.答案:onthespot3.该是对醉酒司机采取强硬手段的时候了。It'stimeto________________________drunkdrivers.答案:gettoughwith

4.在我投她的票之前,我想知道她主张的是什么。Iwanttoknowwhatshe________________beforeIwillvoteforher.答案:standsfor5.政府已经采取措施保护这些野生动物免受损害。Thegovernmenthasdonesomethingtoprotectthesewildlife________________________.答案:frombeingkilled

1.endangervt.使……处于险境①Pollutionfromthefactoryendangerstheplantsandanimalsaround.工厂的污染使周围的动植物遭受危险。②Keepawayfromthedog.It'sdangerous.离狗远点,它很危险。③Heisindangeroflosinghisfortune.他有失去财产的危险。1.Thisisalivewire.Itis________.Ifanyoneis________,pleasehelphim________withastick.A.dangerous;indanger;outofdangerB.indanger;dangerous;outofdangerC.outofdanger;indanger;dangerousD.dangerous;outofdanger;indanger解析:句意:这根电线有电,它很危险,如果有人(触电)处于危险之中,请用一根木棍帮他脱离危险。答案:A2.reserven.保护区,保护圈;储备(量),储藏(量)vt.预订;保留;储备①I'dliketoreserveatablefortwo.我想订一张两人的餐桌。②Thoseseatsarereservedforoldandsickpeople.那些座位是留给老人和病人的。③Themoneywaskeptinreservefortheirretirement.他们把这些钱存着以备退休后使用。④Shetoldmeallaboutitwithoutreserve.她毫无保留地告诉我有关这件事的一切。3.strugglen.挣扎;斗争

vi.奋斗,挣扎,斗争,抗争①Inthestruggleagainstthedisasterswhichhappenedin2010theChinesepeopleshowedgreatcourage.2010年,在与灾难斗争的过程中,中国人表现出了巨大的勇气。②Heisstrugglingtobringupafamilyonaverylowincome.他靠着微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。③Theywerestrugglingforpeace.他们为和平而斗争。Hestruggledagainst/withcancerfortwoyearsbeforehepassedaway.在他去世之前他同癌症抗争了两年。struggle,fight,battle,war,campaign(1)struggle指较长时期的、激烈的斗争,往往指肉体、精神上的战斗。apowerstruggle权力的争夺。(2)fight搏斗,打架,战斗。afighttothedeath殊死搏斗。(3)battle指具体的某次战斗。thebattleofWaterloo滑铁卢之战。(4)war指全面、全方位的战争。theSecondWorldWar第二次世界大战。(5)campaign指“战役,运动,宣传活动”,由一系列battle组成。thecampaignofLiaoshen辽沈战役adcampaign广告宣传活动用struggle,fight,war与battle的适当形式填空①TheAnti-Japanesewarlasted(for)eightyears.②Battleafterbattlewasfought,andeventuallytheNorthwon.③Hehasbeenstrugglingforsuccessinhisbusiness.④Mylittlebrothersarealwaysfightingwitheachother. 1.(2007年浙江卷)ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle________.A.tobeheard

B.tohaveheardC.hearing D.beingheard【解析】

本题考查非谓语动词。struggletodosth.努力做某事。又因“I与hear”之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,所以用不定式的被动式。【答案】

A2.(2011福州高三质检)Theworkingpeoplehaveneverstoppedtheirstruggle________unfairtreatment.A.against

B.forC.from D.to解析:struggleagainst与……斗争。答案:A3.Heisadeterminedyoungman;hehasbeenstruggling________inhisbusiness.A.againstsuccess B.withsuccessC.forsuccess D.tosuccess【解析】

struggleforsuccess为获得成功而努力。【答案】

C4.protectvt.保护;防护;防御①Trytoprotectyourskinfromthesun.尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒。②Troopshavebeensenttoprotectaidworkersagainstattack.已经派出部队保护援助工作人员免遭袭击。③Wearabullet­proofvestasaprotectionagainstsnipers.穿上一件防弹背心以防狙击手。(2)prevent...from/stop...from/keep...from阻止某人、某物做某事Nothingcanprevent/stop/keepusfromgoing.什么也阻挡不了我们去。Somethingmustbedonetoprotecttheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.必须采取措施保护环境免受污染。活学活用Inorderto

animalsindangerfrombeingkilled,peopleputtheminthezoo.A.protectB.haveC.stopD.keep解析

protect...from...“保护……不受……”。句意为:为了保护处于危险中的动物不被杀害,人们把它们放在了动物园里。A3.Ourcustomersshould________beingcheatedwhenusingcreditcard.A.protectfromB.beprotectedfromC.defendagainstD.bedefendedfor解析:句意:在用信用卡时,我们的顾客应该被保护不被欺骗。答案:B4.—It'sanunluckythingthattwopaper­makingfactorieshavebeenbuiltinthisarea.—Yes,butto________theriver________beingpolluted,thegovernmentrequiresthemtooperatetheirfirmsbytheenvironmentallaw.A.makesure;of B.ensure;againstC.keep;不填 D.protect;for解析:ensuresth.against确保……,免于……。答案:B2.Whenthesunistoobright,weshouldwearglassesto________oureyesfromthesun.A.protect B.preventC.stop D.rescue【解析】考查单词辨析。戴眼镜是为了保护眼睛,故选用protect。【答案】

A5.wondern.奇迹,奇观;惊讶,惊奇v.想知道,对……感到惊奇,对……感到疑惑wonder+wh-/how从句想知道……/对……感到疑惑wonder+that从句对……感到惊讶ThegirlwanderedinfrontoftheGreatPyramid,oneofthewondersoftheworld,wonderinghowitwasbuilt.这个女孩在世界奇迹之一的大金字塔前徘徊,想知道它是怎样建成的。①TheGrandCanyonisoneofthenaturalwondersoftheworld.科罗拉多大峡谷是世界自然奇观之一。②Wewonderedatherrudeness.我们对她的粗鲁感到惊讶。Iwondewhethertheywillarriveontime.我想知道他们能否准时到达。Nowonderyou’retired,you’vebeenwalkingforhours.

难怪你累了呢,你一直走了好几个小时。活学活用Hehasn’tsleptatallforthreedays.

heistiredout.A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway解析

It’snowonderthat-clause“难怪……”。C5.—Jackisverycleverandhestudieshardaswell.—No________healwayscomesoutfirstintheexams.A.answer B.questionC.wonder D.problem解析:nowonder难怪。答案:C2._______you’retired;you’vebeenworkingforhours.A.NodoubtB.NowonderC.NoneedD.Nogood【解析】选B。句意为:难怪你累了,你一直工作了好几个小时。A项表示“毫无疑问”;B项表示“难怪”;C项表示“没必要”;D项表示“没好处”。6.focusn.焦点;集中点;焦距

v.(使)聚焦;(使)集中①Herbeautymakesherthefocusofattention.她长得漂亮,很惹人注目。②I'msotiredthatIcan'tfocusonanythingtoday.今天我太累了,精神集中不起来。③Wemustfocusourattentiononurgentproblems.我们必须把注意力集中在紧急的问题上。④Thecasehasbroughttheproblemofchildabusesharplyintofocus.这个案子已经引起了人们对儿童被虐待问题的高度重视。5.Publicattentionatthemomentis________ontheproblemofindustrialrelations.A.called B.paidC.focused D.put【解析】考查词义辨析。根据句意“目前公众的注意力集中在工业关系的问题上”,可知正确答案。【答案】

C1.Ifyou_______brightsunlight_______drywoodwithamagnifyingglass,itwillstartburning.A.expose;toB.aim;atC.focus;onD.concentrate;on【解析】选C。句意为:如果你用放大镜把强烈的太阳光集中到干木上,它很容易燃烧。expose...to...“向……显露”;aim...at...“瞄准,对准”;focus...on...“把……集中于”;concentrate...on...“把(注意力)集中在……,聚精会神于……”。由句意可知选C。2.(2009年浙江卷)Theincomesofskilledworkerswentup.________,unskilledworkerssawtheirearningsfall.A.Moreover B.ThereforeC.Meanwhile D.Otherwise【解析】句意为:有经验的工人的工资在上涨,但同时没经验的工人却看着他们的工资下降。根据句意是指有经验工人和非技术工人工资涨落的对比情况,meanwhile意为“同时”,故选C。【答案】

C1.Evewascuttingthegrass,andAdamwas________plantingroses.A.however

B.thereforeC.though D.meanwhile【解析】考查词义辨析。however然而;therefore因此;though尽管,虽然;meanwhile同时,在此期间。句意为“Eve在割草,与此同时Adam在种玫瑰花”。【答案】

D4.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth________asecondtime.A.toread B.tobereadC.reading D.beingread【解析】

beworthdoingsth.值得做某事。【答案】

C4.用worth,worthy和worthwhile完成句子(1)Herperformancesareworthytoberemembered.(2)Itisworthwhiletohave/havingatryagain.(3)Manypeopleconsideritacauseworthdoing,fromwhichchildrencanbenefitalot.6.(2007年福建卷)—Youarealwaysfullof________.Canyoutellmethesecret?—Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.A.power B.strengthC.force D.energy【解析】句意为:——你总是精力充沛。能告诉我其中的秘密吗?——每天进行大量的锻炼。fullofenergy充满活力,精力充沛。A项意为(身体的、心智的)某种能力,体力,智力;B项意为体力,力气,力量;C项意为权力,武力;D项意为精力,活力。【答案】

D1.beconcernedabout关心,担心①Whyareyousoconcernedabouttheboy'ssafety?你为什么这么担心那男孩的安全?②Itisreportedthatthepopsingerisconcernedwith/insellingdrugs.据报道,那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。③AsfarasI'mconcerned,thewholeideaiscrazy.在我看来,这一想法十分疯狂。④Policeareanxioustohearanyinformationconcerninghiswhereabouts.警方急于获悉任何有关他下落的消息。Sheshowedagreatdealofconcernforherson’sillness.她非常担心她儿子的病情。活学活用Allpeople

withthecasewillbequestionedbythepolice.A.concerning B.concernedC.concernD.toconcern解析

beconcernedwith与……有关;句中的concernedwith...短语作定语,相当于whoareconcernedwiththecase。BⅡ.单项填空1.(2011长春模拟)Wearemore________howhewontheOscarawardforthebestdirector.A.concernedabout B.engagedtoC.relatedto D.worriedabout答案:A2.standfor是……的意思;代表,支持;主张;容忍;忍受(用于否定句)can’tstandsth./doingsth.不能忍受某事/做某事standout

突出,显眼,杰出standby 袖手旁观,无动于衷standby/behindsb. 支持某人standinline 站队standaside

站到一边;让开;袖手旁观,不参与①PleaserememberI'llstandbyyouwhateverhappens.请记住,无论如何,我都会拥护你。②Iwon'tstandforbeingtreatedlikeachild.我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。③Thenewroadsigniseasytoread;thewordsstandoutwell.新路标容易辨认,上面的字很醒目。④ThelettersWTOstandforWorldTradeOrganization.字母WTO代表世界贸易组织。Shecan’tstand(for)beinglaughedatbyotherclassmates.她不能忍受被其他同学嘲笑Youcannotstandbyandallowsuchathing.你不能袖手旁观,听任发生这样的事。活学活用—ThebookisbyT.C.Smith.—Whatdoesthe“T.C.”

?A.callfor B.searchforC.standfor D.standout解析

standfor代表;callfor要求,需求;searchfor寻找;standout突出,显眼。C

Iwanttoknowwhatshe_________beforeIvoteher.A.standsasideB.standsatC.standsbyD.standsfor【解析】选D。A指“袖手旁观”,B指“犹豫不决”,C指“袖手旁观”,D指“代表,主张,支持”,由句意可知D项符合。3.(2010届江苏盐城中学综合测试)—CinderellahasbeenlearningChineseinBeijingUniversityforthepastfouryears.—Nowondershe________abovehercolleaguesinChinese.A.standsout B.sticksoutC.comesout D.sortsout【解析】

standout脱颖而出,突出;stickout伸出,断言;comeout出来,发芽;sortout分类,整理。【答案】

A3.(2011武汉模拟)London,thecitythatwillhostthe2012SummerGames,________aneight­minuteshowfeaturingfootballstarDavidBeckham.A.relyon B.putonC.concentrateon D.feedon答案:B2.Pigs_______inourschool_______thefoodwestudentshavethrownaway.A.fed;feedonB.arefed;liveonC.thatarefed;feedwithD.fed;feedto【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词和短语辨析。第一空为非谓语,“被喂养的”,过去分词短语作后置定语,故排除B、C;第二空是谓语,根据题意应选feedon(动物)以……为食。1.MaryandJoanquarreled,butthey______afterawhile.A.putupB.broughtupC.madeupD.setup【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意:Mary和Joan吵架了,但不久她们就和好了。putup举起,建造;bringup教育,培养,提出;makeup弥补,和解,化妆;setup设立,装配,创(纪录)。由句意知C正确。2.ForalltheseyearsIhavebeenworkingforothers.I’mhopingI’ll________myownbusinesssomeday.A.turnup B.fixupC.setup D.makeup【解析】句意为“这些年来我一直为别人工作,我现在希望有一天能开办自己的公司”。turnup出现;fixup安排,修理;makeup弥补,虚构。【答案】

C4.(2010届河北正定中学月考)—What’swrongwithhim?—Thepicturehecameacross________hismemoryofasadstoryinhischildhood.A.putoff B.tookoffC.setoff D.gaveoff【解析】

考查动词短语。putoff延期;takeoff起飞,脱掉;giveoff发出(光等);setoff激发,引起。【答案】

CⅠ.选词填空beconcernedabout,keepaneyeon,standfor,gettoughwith,setup,onlyif1.Theletter“X”isoftenusedto________anunknownnumber.2.ThegovernmentofChinais________thepeoplewhowanttobreakTaiwanfromChina.3.Acharityorganizationhasbeen________fororphans.4.Ihave________yourhealththeseyears.5.________youtryyourbestcanyouhavethechancetosucceed.6.Wehaveaskedtheneighboursto________thehouseforuswhileweareaway.答案:1.standfor

2.gettingtoughwith

3.setup4.beenconcernedabout

5.Onlyif

6.keepaneyeonAlthoughsurprised,thepoachershadanadvantage—thereweremoreofthem.尽管很吃惊,但偷猎者们有一个优势——他们人多。althoughsurprised是althoughtheyweresurprisedatheshout的省略。复合句中的从句省略到这种形式须具备两个条件:(1)必须是在让步、时间或条件状语从句中;(2)必须是在主从句主语一致且从句中谓语动词含有be的形式的情况下使用。①WhenIwasinJapan,Itookmanybeautifulpictures.在日本时,我拍了许多漂亮的照片。②Youshouldmakenoteswhenitisnecessary.必要时你应该做笔记。③Thoughhewastired,hekeptonworking.虽然很累,但他仍然坚持工作。④Mistakes,ifthereareany,shouldbecorrected.如果有什么错误,就应当改正。⑤Iwon’tgounlessIaminvited.除非受到邀请,否则我不去。用了引导让步状语从句的从属连词后,不能再同时用并列连词but,但可用still,yet等词加强语气。他虽然疲劳,但仍继续工作。误:Thoughhewastired,buthewentonworking.正:Thoughhewastired,yet/stillhewentonworking.①When________abouthisfutureplans,ZhangYimousaidthathisnextwouldfollowamoderntheme.A.askingB.askedC.toaskD.beingasked【解析】选B。考查状语从句的省略。状语从句的逻辑主语与主句主语一致,并且主语与动词ask之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作状语。完整形式为:Whenhewasasked...。②Myparentswerequarrellingaboutme_______Icouldnotquiteknowwhy.A.sinceB.thoughC.ifD.until【解析】选B。句意为:我父母总是为我而争吵,尽管我不知道为什么。根据句意,前后句表示让步关系,用though表示。2.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_______regularly,canimproveourhealth.[2010浙江,8]A.beingcarriedoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout【解析】选C。考查省略结构。句意为:实验表明,如果有规律地进行适量的锻炼,就能提高身体健康状况。依句意可知properamountsofexercise与carryout构成动宾关系,所以用过去分词表被动含义。还原省略部分后为ifthey’recarriedout...。1.He,________inapoorfamily,becameoneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld.A.whois B.thatisC.althoughborn D.asborn【解析】

althoughborn是althoughhewasborn的省略。【答案】

C2.(2009年安徽省“江南十校”高三素质测试)—IhearthatTomcan’taffordhisschoolingthisfall.—________,let’sdosomethingforhim.A.Ifany B.WhennecessaryC.Whenpossible D.Ifso【解析】

if+so/not是省略句式,用so或not代替上文的内容。其他选项也是省略句,但不符合语境。【答案】

D2.If________,hepromisedthathewoulddoallhecouldtopromotepublicwelfare.A.elected B.beingelectedC.havingelected D.tobeelected解析:考查省略句。ifelected相当于Ifhewaselected。答案:AButtodaythegovernmentseems

to

be

winningthebattle.但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。seemlike看上去好像①Heseems(tobe)averysensibleperson.他看上去像是个非常明智的人。②Heseemedtohaveforgottenmyname.他似乎忘了我的名字。③Itseemstomethatthisishismostimportantnovel.我觉得这好像是他最重要的小说。④Itseemsasifeverybodyelseknewaboutitexceptme.看上去好像除了我之外别人都知道此事。Themedicineseemstobeworking.这药似乎正在起作用。Itseemedlikeagoodideaatthattime.当时这主意好像不错。Heseemedtoknowtheanswertothequestion.=Itseemedthatheknewtheanswertothequestion.他好像知道这个问题的答案。seem,appear(1)seem指说话人主观的判断,但接近事实。(2)appear侧重指从外表上看似乎如此,但实际上并非如此,不与like连用。⑤Youseem(tobe)verystrong.你好像很强壮。⑥Maryappearsveryrich,forshealwayswearsveryexpensiveclothes.玛丽显得很有钱,她常穿很贵的衣服。(但实际上她并不富裕)

Iseem________himsomewherebefore,butIcan’tremembertheexactplace.A.toseeB.tohaveseenC.seeingD.havingseen【解析】选B。seem后跟动词不定式。根据时间状语before可知应用不定式的完成时态。表示“好像已做了某事”。1.Ifeelabitcold.Iseem_______acold.A.tocatchB.havingcaughtC.tohavecaughtD.catching【解析】选C。seem后跟动词不定式。句意:我感觉有点冷,我好像已经感冒了。感冒动作要早于感觉冷这个动作,所以由句意可知,此处应用不定式的完成式。1.________hehadneverworkedsohardinhislife.A.Itseemedtomethat

B.HeseemedasifC.ThereseemedthatD.Heseemedlike解析:Itseemsthat+从句,好像。答案:A3.HesentmeanE­mail________togetfurtherinformation.A.hoped B.hopingC.tohope D.hope解析:现在分词作伴随状语。答案:B虚拟语气虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的运用虚拟条件句主句例句与现在事实相反的假设if+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were)主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.如果我是你,我就抓住这次出国的机会。与过去事实相反的假设if+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexams.如果你早听了我的意见,你考试就能通过了。与将来事实相反的假设1.if+主语+动词的过去式2.if+主语+wereto+动词原形3.if+主语+should+动词原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.如果明天他不来,我们就把会议推迟到下周一了。使用虚拟语气要注意以下几点:1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,youwouldbebetternow.如果你刚才听了我的建议,你现在就好多了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果你以前好好学习的话,你现在早就是大学生了。2.if引导的条件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首,变为倒装句式。IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.→WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.如果我还有上学的机会,我会更加努力地学习。Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.→Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.如果你来得早些,你就能赶上公共汽车。Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.如果明天下雨的话,我们就不去登山了。3.用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有with,without,butfor。Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars(=ifyouhadamilliondollars)?如果你有100万美元,你会做什么?Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn'thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp,....=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,...=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,...没有你的帮助,我们不可能提前完成这项工作。4.在含蓄条件句中,有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而是通过其他手段来代替条件句。常见的有otherwise,or,but等。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.(副词)我那天病了。否则,我就参加运动会了。Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词)他打电话通知了我你的生日,否则,我对此一点都不知道。1.(2011北京卷,30)MaybeifI________science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studied

B.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying解析:题意:或许如果我当时攻读理科而不是文学专业的话,我现在就能给你更多帮助了。本题考查虚拟语气。由then可知,if引导的条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设,故谓语动词用haddone;主句在此表示的是与现在事实相反的假设。答案:C2.(2011陕西卷,22)I________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn'thavegoneB.didn'tgoC.wouldn'tgoD.hadn'tgone解析:题意:没有你慷慨相助我就没法渡过那段困苦时期。本题考查虚拟语气。withoutyourgeneroushelp是介词短语表示含蓄条件,句子表示与过去事实相反的假设,故谓语用couldhavedone形式。答案:A虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用1.用于宾语从句中(1)wish后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气。表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish+主语+动词过去式或were表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish+主语+had+过去分词表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish+主语+would/could+动词原形Iwish(that)Iwereabirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky.我希望我是只小鸟能在天空自由飞翔。HowIwishIhadlistenedtomyparents'advice!我多么希望听了父母的建议!HowIwishitweren'trainingnow.我多希望现在没下雨啊。(2)用于表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语从句中,常见的动词有:demand,order,require,insist,suggest,propose,advise等。宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构为“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startoffearlythenextday.他建议我们第二天早点出发。Iwouldrathertheydidin'thearofthenews.我宁愿他们没听到那个消息。Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldhimthenewsyet.我宁愿你没把消息告诉他。2.用于主语从句中itisdesired/suggested/proposed/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/apity/essential+that从句,从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.人们建议会议推迟到下周。Itisstrangethathe(should)haveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.(act在主句谓语动词be之前发生,所以要用“shouldhaveacted”)真奇怪他竟然那样对他父母。3.用于表语从句和同位语从句中在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,其构成是“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.我的意见是在接受之前要反复考虑。Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoDalianforsightseeing.我们都同意他让我们去大连旅游的建议。1.(2011北京卷,28)—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey________alwayslate.A.weren'tB.hadn'tbeenC.wouldn'tbeD.wouldn'thavebeen解析:题意:“孩子们在哪里?晚饭要被他们彻底毁掉了。”“我希望他们不要总是迟到”。本题考查虚拟语气。wish后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,句子应用一般过去时,故选A。答案:A2.(2011潍坊质检)Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies________toBeijingfortheH1N1flusoon.A.wouldbesent B.shouldsendC.besent D.mustbesent解析:order后的主语从句应用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可省略。答案:C特殊句型中的虚拟语气1.itis(high/about)time(that)...句型中的虚拟语气。在句型“itis(high/about)time(that)...”后面也可跟虚拟语气,从句中常用过去式。有时也用“should+动词原形,”意为“该是……的时候了”。Itistime(that)wewenthome.我们该回家了。2.ifonly引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气。在“ifonly”引导的感叹句中,要求用虚拟语气,表示愿望。用过去时或“would/could/might+动词原形”表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。IfonlyIhadnotbeenilllastweek!要是上周我没病该多好啊!3.asif从句中的虚拟语气。asif从句中,看语境是否与事实相反而选择是否使用虚拟语气。Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.天看上去似乎要下雨。Thekidtalksasifhewereagrown­up.这孩子说起话来像个成年人似的。1.(2011合肥质检)—Sorry,Daddy.Iamnotgettingonwellwithmystudies.—Well.________youhadn'twastedsomuchtimeplayingonlinegames.A.Asif B.EvenifC.Ifonly D.Onlyif解析:Ifonly引导虚拟语气,“要是/倘若……就好了”。答案:C2.(2011湖南卷,33)Jackwasn'tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim________hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A.asif B.incaseC.while D.though解析:考查连词选择。句意:尽管Jack什么都没说,但是老师对他笑了,就好像他做了某些精明的事。asif“好像”;incase“万一”;while“尽管,当……时”;though“尽管”。由句意知A为正确选项。答案:A一、对含蓄条件句分辨有误(2009福建,35)ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I________thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwin

B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon【失误透析】选B。butfor“要不是……”,表明了一个隐含条件的虚拟语气。“获奖”的事情发生在过去的比赛当中,所以与过去情况相反的虚拟语气的主句部分用wouldnothavedone。句意:要不是英语老师的帮助,我就不会赢得英语写作竞赛的一等奖。名师点睛此类题目中的“butfor;without;otherwise”等提供了一种暗示,表明一个隐含的虚拟语气。做题时要根据这些常用标志词和句意辨别含蓄条件句,从而确定主句应用虚拟语气。二、对虚拟条件句中的省略理解有误(2010浙江,10)HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy________.A.wouldhavebeensavedB.hadbeensavedC.willbesavedD.wassaved【失误透析】选A。句子的开头部分为省略了if的虚拟条件句,由句子的时态可知是对过去的虚拟,故主句的谓语应为wouldhavedone的形式。名师点睛省略的虚拟条件句中省略if,把had,were,should放于句首。如不好理解,可还原成if引导的虚拟条件句。1.(2011天津卷,15)I________soonerbutIdidn'tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.hadcome

B.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome解析:题意:我本来可以来得更早一些,但我不知道他们在等我。本题考查虚拟语气(混合虚拟语气)。前半部分表示与过去事实相反的情况,故用wouldhavecome;but后面的部分说明过去的实际情况。答案:D2.(2011福建卷,34)—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.—I________it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended解析:题意:“真遗憾,你错过了关于核污染的讲座。”“我本来能参加,但是我忙着准备求职面试了”。本题考查虚拟语气。根据语境及but...表达的含蓄虚拟条件可知答语中的第一个分句表示对过去情况的虚拟。所以要用wouldhavedone形式。答案:D3.(2011江西卷,28)We________John'snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveput解析:题意;如果不是约翰最近受了伤的话,我们昨天就把他的名字列入比赛名单了。本题考查虚拟语气。butfor暗含了一个虚拟条件,由yesterday可知,句子表示与过去事实相反的假设,故谓语动词用wouldhavedone的形式。答案:D4.(2012山东潍坊三县阶段性教学质量检测)—YouseehowthinAnnis!—She________gainsomeweightbutshe________toolittle.A.would,eats B.will,eatsC.would,ate D.will,ate解析:题意:“你看安多瘦呀!”“她以前总是增加体重,但现在她吃得太少了”。很明显答语中是拿安现在和过去作比较,would可以表过去的习惯,指过去“总会……”,表现在的习惯可以用will;指安现在吃的少,用一般现在时,故选A。答案:A5.(2011吉林省实验中学高三第五次模拟)—Whydidntyoubuythegoldring?—I________butIdidn'thavethemoney.A.wouldhave B

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