外贸英语函电(第六版,兰天编著)Chapter Twelve

ChapterTwelve

ComplaintsandClaimsComplaintmayhappenunderthefollowingcircumstances国际贸易业务中投诉可能发生在下面这些情况中:

plaintofdifferencebetweengoodsdeliveredandgoodsordered,

plaintofinferiorqualityor

plaintofmissingorshortagefromthedelivery,or

plaintofdelay,or

plaintofbadpackingItisalmostatruismtostatethat

arbitration仲裁isbetterthanlitigation诉讼,

conciliation调解betterthanarbitration,

andpreventionoflegaldisputesbetterthanconciliation.国际贸易业务术语

Arbitration

Uponmutualagreementbetweenthetwopartiesconcerned,adisputemaybesolvedbytheimpartialdecisionofathirdparty.Thisiscalledarbitration,whichhastwocharacteristics:

1.Anagreementmustbereachedbetweenthetwopartiesonsolvingthedisputethrougharbitration.

2.Therulingofarbitrationisingeneralfinal.Thatis,thearbitratortowhomthetwopartieshaveagreedtoresortshallmakethefinalaward.Theinterestedpartiescannotrefusetherulingorappealtothecourt(unlesstheycanprovewithfactsthatthearbitrationisagainstthelaworthearbitratorhasactedunfairly).国际贸易业务术语

Conciliation

Uponagreementbetweenthepartiesinvolvedinadispute,athirdpartymaybeinvitedtointerfere.Thedifferencebetweenconciliationandarbitrationisthattheawardofarbitrationisfinalandcompulsorywhereasopinionsoftheconciliatorareonlyforthereferenceofthetwosides,andnotcompulsory.

国际贸易业务术语

Litigation

Oneofthepartiesconcernedmayreferadisputetothecourtwhichwillmakeajudgmentaccordingtothelaw.Thisiswhatpeoplecall“goingthroughthecourt’.thedifferenceoflitigationfromarbitrationisthattheplaintiff/complainant原告/申述人maytakeunilateralactionwithoutagreementbetweenthetwopartiesinadvance.LetterOne

短语：

blamesbforsth…/blamefor(因某事而)责怪某人

blamesthonsb/blameon把...推在某人身上

Sheblamedhimforthefailureoftheirmarriage.

Sheblamedthefailureoftheirmarriageonhim.

句型：有关“索赔”的句型

lodge/file/raise/enter/make/putin/register

aclaimagainstsb/withinsurancecompanyonshipmentforreasonfor$

BuyershavelodgedaclaimonthisshipmentforRMB

￥1500for(ontheamountof)shortweight.

关键词：claim

n.要求，要求权，主张，断言，声称，要求物;

vt.要求，请求，主张，声称，断言;

vi.提出要求，提出索赔

OurclaimonyourL/CNo.84hasnotbeenpaid.

Thefirmclaimstobewellplacedforpromotingthesalesofyourproduct.

Ourcustomerclaims8preductionperlbonthe85balesofGoathairshippedbyM/V“Star”.

Ourusershaveclaimeduponusforinferiorquality.辨析：动词acclaim,reclaim,declaim,proclaim,disclaim,和exclaimacclaim喝彩,欢呼

Itwasacclaimedasagreatdiscovery.

Theyacclaimedhimking.

reclaim要求归还,收回,开垦

ForeignMinistryspokesmanChenJianevensuggestedatimetableofsorts,sayingthatafterChinareclaimsHKin1997andMacaoin1999,TaiwanwillbehighontheagendaoftheChinesepeople.

declaim巧辩,演讲,高声朗读

Apreacherstooddeclaiminginthetowncenter.

proclaim宣布,声明,显示,显露

HisaccentproclaimedhimaScot.=Hisaccentwillgivehimaway.

proclaimapublicholiday

disclaim放弃,弃权,拒绝

Shedisclaimedownershipofthevehicle.

exclaim呼喊,惊叫,大声叫

Heexclaimedthatitwasuntrue.

关键词：blame

blamevt.责备，把...归咎于；n.责备，过失

一般用blamesb(for...)，但在习惯用法betoblame中

表示被动意义：

Heistoblame.他应该受责备。blame不用被动语态。

Heistoblamefortheaccident.他应在事故中负责。

Whoistheblame?

谁对这事负责？

LetterTwo

短语：

inadamagedcondition处于受损状态

inarustycondition处于生锈状态

inamouldy/moldycondition处于发霉状态

Breadleftinapackagetoolonggetsmouldy/moldy.面包放到袋子里时间太长要发霉的。

Yourclothesmaymildew.你的衣服有霉点了（长毛）。

Yourfoodmayspoil.食物变馊了。关键词bearvt.

负责，承担

ExtraexpensesaretobebornebyPartyB.

Youwillhavetobeartheresponsibility.

带有，具有，表明

Eachpackageistobeartheshippingmark.

承受，经得起，耐得住

Ourproductsbearstests.

LessonThree

辨析：except和besides

exceptA=withoutA

besidesA=withA

AllmyfriendsexceptJennywenttotherally(Jennyisexcluded).

HegetsupearlyeverydayexceptSunday(Sundayisexcluded).

Nobodywaslateexceptme.(OnlyImyselfwaslate,theothersarepunctual.)

Ihavefiveotherbooksbesidesthis(totally6books).

Ihavetwohatsbesidesthis.(totally3hats)

Fiveotherswerelatebesidesme.(Sixwerelate)except(+pron.asobject)

Nobodyfeltanxiousexcepthim.

Youcannotachieveanythingexceptbyworkinghard.

exceptfor只是=apartfrom,asidefrom

Youressayisgoodexceptforthespelling.

Thecarpetisgoodexceptforitsprice.

exceptthat除……外，只是

Sheknowsnothingabouthisjourneyexceptthathewaslikelytobeawayforthreemonths.

Hisaccountiscorrectexceptthatsomedetailsareomitted.

exceptdo(‘to’isomitted)

Icouldnotdoanythingexceptjustwaitforhimtocomeround.

Theydidnothingexceptcriticizethenewpolicies.LetterFour

辨析：reading和reader

readingn.读本；读物

heavy/lightreading学习/消遣读物

readern.阅读材料；读物；读本

OpenyourGermanreadersatpage28.把德语课本翻到第28页。

国际贸易业务术语Surveyreport检验证书Surveyreportonexaminationofdamageorshortage检验残损证明书Surveyreportoninspectionoftankhold船舱检验证明书Surveyreporton