山西省阳泉市李家庄中学2023年高三英语期末试题含解析

山西省阳泉市李家庄中学2023年高三英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Themeetingbetweenthepresidentsofthosetwocountries___________inParislastweek．A．tookpart

B．tookaction

C．tookeffect

D．tookplace参考答案：D2.TheOlympicSportsCenter_______atpresentinthecityandissaidtobeopentothepublicin2019A.

isbuilt B.hasbuilt C.isbeingbuilt D.willbebuilt参考答案：C3.—I’msorrytohearthatsomevillagersgotdisabledintheearthquake.

—That’stoobad,but_______.A.alliswellthatendswell

B.thedarkesthourisnearestthedawn

C.wherethereislife,thereishope

D.itisgoodtohavefriendsintrouble参考答案：C4.Thisstory,_____,isveryfascinating:therearemanyinterestingcharactersinit.A．onthewhole

B．bynomeans

C．innotime

D．outofthequestion参考答案：A5.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,______heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.where B.which

C.what

D.when参考答案：B6.Myheadache_____me.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butit’sgettingworseandworse.A.iskilling

B.kills

C.waskilling

D.killed参考答案：A7.It’shardtobelievethattheguy

nowisafamousactor.

A．Isatnextatschool

B．Isatnexttoitatschool

C．Isatnexttoatschool

D．Isatnexttoschool参考答案：C8.

Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,____,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.

A.ifnever

B.ifever

C.ifnot

D.ifany参考答案：B9.—It'salreadyeleveno'clock,andshe______havebeenherehalfanhourago.—Maybeshegotcaughtintherain.A.must

B.oughtto

C.may

D.can参考答案：B根据对话内容，，尤其是Maybeshegotcaughtintherain可知她迟到了，现在还没有到场。第一句的句意为：现在已经11点了，她丰小时前就应该到了。oughtto／shouldhavedone表示过去本该做某事但没有做到。10.Thoseanimalsliveinconditionssimilarto_____existedmillionsofyearsago,whenanimalsbeganmakingthetransitionfromwaterontoland.A.that

B.thosethat

C.those

D.whatthose参考答案：B11.Studentsshouldoftenbeallowedtoworkingroups

givesthemchancestoco-operateandtoshare．

A．who

B．where

C．which

D．what参考答案：C12.ChildrenareeasilyexposedtotheInternetculture__________violenceincreasestosuchadegreethatparentsdon’tallowthemtogoonline.

A.which B.whose C.where D.that参考答案：C略13.After60-yeardevelopmentsince1949,China______amarketwithhugepotentialandaleaderofworldeconomy.A.became

B.isbecoming

C.becomes

D.hasbecome参考答案：D略14.---Comeon,baby!Youwillsucceed.Weallwishtogetgoodnews.

---____,butI’lldomybest.A.Ican’tpromise

B.ItisimpossibleC.

Noproblem

D.Don’tworry参考答案：A15.---HowdoyoulikethetriptotheGreatWall?---Well,thehotelwas_______.Still,wewereluckywiththeweather.A.wonderful

B.impressive

C.unique

D.terrible

参考答案：B略16.Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringarewardto__________wouldemployOliverTwist.A.whoever B.nomatterwho C.whomever D.who参考答案：A17.－Hi,Tom,whynotattendmybirthdayheldlastweek?－Iamsorry,Ihadmeantto,butI

somethingunexpectedAhavemet

Bhadmet

Cmeet

Dmet参考答案：D

二、填空18.Howeverdepressedyoumaybefeelingnow,ifyoulookback,therecertainlywillhavebeeneventsthatmadeyouhappy—maybethetime____21____youboughtyourfirstbicycleoryouwereawardedascholarship.Whengoodthingshappen,wefeelexcited,proudandhappy.Buttheproblemis,happinessdoesn’tusuallylast.Theexcitementofthatfirstbicyclepurchasewearsoff,andtheprideinthescholarshipgiveswaytothestressofperforming___22___(well)onthenextexam.Psychologistscallthisphenomenonhedonicadaptation(享乐适应症)—thatis,___23___goodsomethingmakesusfeel,mostofthetimewedriftbackto___24___westarted.Anoften_____25_____(quote)exampleisthatlotterywinnersarenohappierthannon-winnerseighteenmonthsaftertheirwin.Butdon’tdespair.Itispossibletomakehappinesslast.Psychologistshavefoundtwoanti-adaptationtoolsthatareeffectiveinsustaininghappiness:varietyandappreciation.Varietyis,asweallknow,thespiceoflife.Butit’salsoausefulweapon_____26_____adaptation.Positivechangesthat_____27_____(experience)inavarietyofwaysaremorelikelytoleadtolastinghappiness.Forexample,youwillfeelhappieraboutyourvolunteerwork_____28_____youareabletocopewithnewtaskseveryweek.Thesecondtool,appreciation,isinmanywaystheoppositeofadaptation.It’saboutfocusingonsomething,insteadoflettingitfadeintothebackground.Itisonlywhenyouappreciatesomething

___29___anenduringfeelingofhappinesswillfollow.Humanbeingsspendalotoftimefiguringoutwhatmakesthemhappy,butnotenoughtime_____30_____(try)tohangontothehappinesstheyalreadyhave.Thisislikefocusingallyourenergyonmakingmoremoney,withoutgivinganythoughttowhatyouwilldowiththemoney.Thekeytohappinessistonotonlylookfornewopportunitiesbutalsotomakethemostoftheonesyou’vebeengiven.参考答案：21.when

22.better

23.nomatterhow

24.where

25.quoted

26.against

27.areexperienced

28.if

29.that

30.trying这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了享乐适应症的定义，表现以及为了保持快乐，克服享乐适应症所采取的措施。【21题详解】考查关系代词。句意：不管你现在有多沮丧，如果你回头看一看，肯定会有一些事情让你开心——也许是你买了第一辆自行车或者获得奖学金的时候。分析句子可知，thetime为先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when.【22题详解】考查副词比较级。句意：第一次购买自行车的兴奋感消失了，而对奖学金的骄傲情绪也让位于下次考试表现得更好的压力。副词修饰动词，根据本句的句意可知，人们感到不快乐是因为人们不断追求更好的表现，不断给自己施压。所以用副词的比较级better修饰动词perform。故填better.【23题详解】考查从属连词。句意：无论什么东西让我们感觉好，大部分时间我们都会漂回我们开始的地方。分析句子可知，本句缺少从属连词，根据句意可知，本句为nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句，其形式为：nomatterhow+adj/adv+主语+谓语。故填nomatterhow.【24题详解】考查连接副词。句意：无论什么东西让我们感觉好，大部分时间我们都会漂回我们开始的地方。to为介词，后接从句作宾语，根据句意，本句接where引导的宾语从句，其中where在宾语从句中作地点状语。故填where.【25题详解】考查形容词。句意：一个经常被引用的例子是彩票中奖者并不比非中奖者在中奖18个月后更快乐。quoted为形容词修饰名词example。故填quoted.【26题详解】考查介词。句意：但它也是阻止适应的有效武器。由前文可知，变化是有效维持幸福感的反适应工具，所以判断出本句应填介词against。故填against.【27题详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：经历了以各种方式的积极的变化更有可能带来持久的幸福。分析句子可知，changes为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且changes与experienced为被动。故填areexperienced.【28题详解】考查从属连词。句意：例如，如果你每周都能应付新的任务，你就会对自己的志愿工作感到高兴。分析句子可知，空处缺少连词，根据句意可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句为将来时，在本句中为youwillfeelhappieraboutyourvolunteerwork，从句为一般现在时，在本句中为youareabletocopewithnewtaskseveryweek。故填if.【29题详解】考查连接词。句意：只有当你欣赏某样东西时，才会产生持久的快乐感。本句为强调句式：it+be+强调部分（状语）+that+主语+谓语。本句前调的部分为：onlywhenyouappreciatesomething，所以连接词为that。故填that.【30题详解】考查动名词。句意：人们花了大量的时间去弄清楚是什么让他们快乐，但却没有足够的时间去把握他们已经拥有的幸福。本句涉及sbspend+时间（in）doingsth的用法。分析句子可知，but连接的是alotoftimefiguringoutwhatmakesthemhappy和notenoughtime_____10_____(try)tohangontothehappinesstheyalreadyhave。所以应填trying。故填tying.19.

Birdmigration(迁徙)

Themanreasonformigrationormovementisfood;forexample,somebirdsmaychoosenottomigrateiftheyarefedthroughthecoldmonthsChangesinthedaylengtharesignalsformigrationandrelatetothephysicalchangesinthebirds.Birdswillalsodisplayrestlessnessandincreasetheirfatdeposition(沉积).Duringshorterdaysinthefall,birdswillreturntowarmerareaswheretheyfindadequatefoodsupply.

Manysmallerinsect-eatingbirdsmigratelargedistancesusuallyatnight.Theymayfeedforanewdaysbeforecontinuingtheircourseoftravel.Anadvantagefornightmigratingisthatitminimizesthethreatofpredators(食肉动物),allowingthebirdstofeedduringthedayandavoidoverheating.

Themigrationforthesebirdsisbasedonanumberofdifferentsenses.Manybirdsusethesunasacompass.Theabilitytodetectmagneticfield(磁场),useofvisuallandmarks,aswellastheirsenseofsmellareusedtohelptravelduringmigration.Birdmigrationisastronggeneticfactorintermsoftimingandroute,whichcanbeinfluencedbytemperature.Migratorybirdsmayusetwotoolstofindtheirdestinations;innatecapability(geneticallyprogrammed)andexperience.Afirst-timermigrant(候鸟)fliesaccordingtotheEarth’smagneticfield,butdoesnotknowhowfaritwilltakeuntilitgrowsaccustomedtothejourneyandisabletouseitsothercapabilities.Withexperienceitlearnsvariouslandmarksoftencalled“mapping”.

MigrationismainlyseenintheNorthernHemisphereandlessobviousintheSouthernHemisphere.Thisisduetothelackofsignificantweatherchangesandthecontinualsupplyoffoodforthebirds.Acommonpatterninmigrationinvolvesflyingnorthinthespringtobread(繁殖)duringthesummerandtravelingtothesouthinthefallintowarmerregions.Notwospeciesfollowtheexactroutefrombeginningtoend.Migrationsnarrowintooneormorepreferredroutesoroftencalled“flyways”.Flywaysmainlyfollowcoasts,sometimesrives,ormountainranges.TherearefourmajorNorthAmericanflyways;theAtlantic,theMississippi,theCentralandthePacificFlyways.Theflywaysarenotdefinedintheirboundariesandattimesmaybecombinedintoone.

Infact,longdistancemigrantsmoveawayfromeachotherasyoungbirdsandformattachmentstopotentialbreedingandwinteringsites.Oncethesiteattachmentismade,birdsshowhighsite-faith,visitingthesamesitesyearafteryear.Youwillwanttoensureyournestingboxesarecleanedoutandavailablewhenthesebirdsreturntokeepthecyclegoingforthesemigratingspecies.BirdmigrationPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsWhydobirdsmigrate?Besides(71)_____,migrationhassomethingtodowithbirds’physicalchangesanddaylengthchanges.Whataretheadvantagesofnightmigrating?

Nightmigratinghelpsminimizethe(72)________ofbeingthreatenedbypredators.

Nightmigratingallowsbirdstofeedenoughduringthedaywithoutoverheating.(73)______dobirdsmigrate?

Thesun,magneticfield,visuallandmarksandthesenseofsmellareall(74)____forbirdstomigrate.

Environmentalchangesareconnectedwithbirds’timingandroute.

Notonlymagneticfieldbutalsosomeothercapabilitiesand(75)______relatetoafirst-timermigrant’sflying.Wheredobirdsmigrate?

Migrationmainlytakesplaceinthe(76)_____Hemisphere.

Withfourmajorflywaysbirdsmainlyfly(77)______coasts,rivers,ormountainranges.What(78)________canyoudrawfromthebirdmigration?

Birdsare(79)________totheirsiteattachmentverymuch.

Youmustmakesurethecleanboxesare(80)_______beforethebirdscomeback.

参考答案：71.food

72．possibility/chance73．How74.helpful

75．experience76.Northern

77.following/along

78.conclusion

79.faithful80.available/ready74.helpful考查词性转换。根据第三段第三句“Ttheirsenseofsmellareusedtohelptravelduringmigration.”可见，把原文中的动词areusedtohelp转化为形容词helpful.75．experience考查原词重现。从第三段第五句“Migratorybirdsmayusetwotoolstofindtheirdestinations;innatecapability(geneticallyprogrammed)andexperience.”可知，空格处填入experience。76.Northern考查原词重现。从第四段第一句“MigrationismainlyseenintheNorthernHemisphere”中的“actlike”可知，空格处填入Northern。77.following/along考查词性转换或同义转换。从第四段第六句“Flywaysmainlyfollowcoasts,sometimesrives,ormountainranges.”可把原文中的动词follow转化为非谓语following.也可把原句的follow“沿着”转换成along.三、阅读理解20.HereisatruestoryaboutafamousmanwhoworkedintheWhiteHouseandacriminal.Theyoncefacedthesamething:theirmothergavethemappleswhentheywereyoung.Thecriminalsaid:oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapplesandaskedmybrotherandme:“Whichdoyouwant?”“Thereddestandbiggestone,”mylittlebrothersaid.Mymotherstaredathimandsaidtohimangrily:“Youshouldlearntogivethegoodthingstoothers;youshouldn’talwaysthinkofyourself.”Seeingthis,Isuddenlychangedmyideaandthensaidtomymother:“Mum,pleasegivemethesmalleroneandgivethebiggeronetomylittlebrother.”Hearingmywords,mymotherwasveryhappy.Shekissedmeonmyfaceandgavethereddestandbiggestappletomeasaprize.Fromthenon,Ilearnedtotelllies,fight,stealandrob.InordertogetwhatIwanted,Iplayedhard.Asaresult,Iwassentintoprison.Thefamousmanfromthewhitehousesaid:Oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapples.Shesaidtomybrotherandme:“Youallwantthereddestandbiggestone,right?Well,let’shaveacompetition.NowIdividedthegrasslandinfrontofthegateintotwoandIwillgiveonetoeachofyouandyoumustshear（修剪）itwell.AndIwillgivethereddestandbiggestappletohimwhodoesitthemostquicklyandbest.”Afterthecompetition,IwonandIgotthebiggestapple.Inourfamily,aslongasyouwanttogetthebestthings,youmusttakepartincompetition.Ithinkitisfair.Nomatterwhatyouwant,youmustpaylotsofefforts.32.Thecriminalgotthereddestandbiggestapplebecause______.A.hetoldthetruththathewantedasmalleroneB.heknewhowtomakehismotherhappyfromheranswerC.elderbrothershouldofcoursehavethebiggeroneD.hismotherlovedhimmorethanshelovedtheyoungerbrother33.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.A．it’swrongtoaskchildrentochooseappleswhentheyarenotoldenoughB．it’simportanttomakechildrenawarethatnomatterwhattheywant,theymustpayworkC．it’swrongtoaskchildrennottoalwaysthinkofthemselvesD．it’salwaysnecessarytohaveacompetitionwhenwegivechildrenapple34.Thewritertellsthestoryby______.A．organizingitintheorderoftimeB．makingacomparisonbetweentwomenC．providingsomescientificinformationD．describingitintheorderofspace35.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.A．weshouldalwaystrytowincompetitionswhichcanbringusalotB．inordertogetwhatwewant,weshouldplayhardC．amother’seducationalmethodhasagreatinfluenceonachild’sgrowingD．givingchildrenappleswillleadthemtobecomecriminals参考答案：BBBC21.Onenightin1966,MichaelChapmanrushedintoafolk-musicclubinCornwall,Englandtogetoutoftherain,andsoonfoundhimselfonstageplayingtheguitar.“Theyofferedmeajobtoplayfortherestofthesummer.AndI’vebeenplayingeversince,”Chapmansays.“I’vetoldthatstorysomanytimes,butit’slytrue.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthatnight,Iwouldn’tbetalkingtoyou.”TheBritishguitarplayerhasspentthe50yearssincethenontheroad.Hereleasedsomepraisedalbumsinthe1970s,buthishealthwentdownhillinthe80sand90s.LikealotofBritishartistsinthe1960s,ChapmantaughthimselftoplaytheguitarbylisteningtoAmericanjazzandbluesrecords.Chapmanactuallytaughtphotography,butquitwhenhewas26toplaymusicfulltime.Whenhewasstartingout,hewasoftencomparedtootherBritishacoustic(原声的)guitarheroesofthetime,likeJohnMartynandBertJansch.“ThefascinatingthingaboutMichaelChapmanisthathedoesn’tfitinwiththoseguysofhisgeneration,”saysAndrewMale,amusicjournalist.“He’salwaysbeenanoutsider.HenevermovedtoLondon.”Andw