山西省运城市新兴中学2022年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析

山西省运城市新兴中学2022年高二英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Incaseofemergency,whetherknowinghowtoapplyfirstaidornotreally________inmattersconcerningwoundslikeswollenwrists,brokenarms,burns,cuts,andsoon.A.makesdifference

B.makesadifference

C.makesdifferences

D.makesdifferent参考答案：B略2.Onlinelearningisbeingwidely_____tohelpadultsfurthertheireducation.

A.attended

B.adopted

C.adapted

D.adjusted参考答案：B3.Ireallydon’tknow

Ihadmymoneystolen.A.itwaswherethat

B.whenwasitthatC.whereitwasthat

D.thatitwaswhen参考答案：C4.AccordingtothenewrulesontobaccouseinBeijingwhichcameintoforceonJune1,allindoorpublicplacesandmanyoutdoorpublicplacesinBeijing______be100-percentsmoke-free.A.will

B.shall

C.should

D.can参考答案：B考查情态动词。句意:根据六月一日在北京实施的烟草使用方面的新条例，所有的室内公共场所和许多室外公共场所将实现100%无烟。shall多用于正式法律文书中，表示一种强制性语气。结合句意，选B。5.Thegovernmentisaskedto_________anewpolicytosolvetheproblem.A.adopt B.adjust C.adapt D.admit参考答案：A6.Traditionally,Chinesepeople_______theChinesecharactersDoubleHappinessandstickthemontowallsordoorsforweddings. A.cutdown B.cutoff

C.cutup

D.cutout参考答案：D7.语音知识（共5个小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从每小题的A.B.C.D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与其它三个划线部分读音不同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。1：A.abstract

B.accurate

Cadvocate

D

.

advance2:

A.

stay

B.

Sunday

C.

say

D.

today3:A.librarain

B.figure

C.

signature

D.

visual4:

A.adopt

B.concrete

C.convey

D.

cottage5:A.chemist

B.champion

C.technique

D.character

参考答案：1-----5

DBACB

略8.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee_______useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.A.whose

B.what

C.which

D.that参考答案：B36.Peopleallovertheworlddon'tdoubt______weChinesewillachievegreatersuccess.

A.that

B.if

C.what

D.whether参考答案：A略10.MyfriendwithmyhostfamilyintheUSAasanexchangestudentledmeintoaworldwhereIwould

nothaveenjoyedAmericanculturesomuch.

A.meanwhile

B.nevertheless

C.therefore

D.otherwise参考答案：D11.Noteveryonehasrealizedwhat________importantpartthebalanceof________natureplaysintheirlife.A．an；the

B．/；the

C．an；/

D．the；/参考答案：C12.TheheadofficeofthebankisinBeijing,butithas_________alloverthecountry.

A.companies

B.branches

C.organizations

D.businesses参考答案：B略13.—DidyoumeetTomattheairport?—No,he________bythetimeI________there.A.hasleft;got

B.hadleft;arrivedC.left;arrived

D.left;hadgot参考答案：B从Did推知用过去式arrived，而leave这一动作又发生在arrived之前，因此依据“过去的过去”用过去完成时hadleft。14. I________tovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel. A.come B.came C.amcoming D.wascoming参考答案：6.【答案】D考查动词时态。本题的题眼是thatday和but.由thatday可断定应该用过去的某种时态。A.一般现在时；B.一般过去时；C.现在进行时；D.过去进行时。排除A与C。根据but可知，“我打算来，但不得不打电话取消”，对于come、go、arrive等位置转移的动词可以用进行时表达将来意义。因此，答案是D.【解析】15.Alltheroommateswere_____mysuggestionthatweshouldgocampingthenextmonth.A.inhonorof

B.insteadof

C.infavorof

D.bymeansof参考答案：C考查介词短语。句意：所有的室友都支持我的建议，我们下个月进行一次野营活动。A.inhonorof“为了纪念；为了表示尊敬”；B.insteadof“而不是，代替”；C.infavorof“支持，赞成”；D.bymeansof“借助于某种方式”。故选C。16.Anoptimistseesan________inevery

disaster.A.expression

B.opportunityC.appointment

D.announcement参考答案：B考查名词辨析。句意：乐观者在每一场灾难中都能看到机会。expression表现，表达；opportunity机会；appointment约会；announcement宣告，通告。结合句意可知选B.二、填空17.Happinesscanbedescribed____41____apositivemoodandapleasantstateofmind.Therearemanyfactors

____42____(contribute)tohappiness.Apersoninanapparentlyidealsituationisnot____43____(necessary)happy.Theidealsituationmayhavelittletodowithhisactualfeelings.Agoodeducationandincomeareusuallyconsiderednecessaryforhappiness.Thoughbothmaycontribute,____44____areonlychieffactorsifthepersonisseriouslyundereducatedoractuallysufferingfromlackofphysicalneeds.Therich___45___(be)notlikelytobehappierthanthemiddle-incomegrouporeventhosewithverylowincomes.Peoplewithcollegeeducationsaresomewhathappierthanthosewhodidnotgraduatefromhighschool,andit______46______(believe)thatthisismainly.____47____theyhavemoreopportunitytocontroltheir____48____(life).Yetpeoplewithahighincomeandacollegeeducationmaybelesshappythanthosewiththesameincomeandnocollegeeducation.Poorhealthdoesnotruleouthappinessexceptfortheseverely____49____(disable)orthoseinpain.Learning____50____(cope)withahealthproblemcancontributetohappiness.参考答案：41.as

42.contributing

43.necessarily

44.they

45.are

46.isbelieved

47.because

48.lives

49.disabled

50.tocope本文是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了影响幸福的一些因素。一般情况下人们认为的影响幸福很大的因素其实未必那么重要，比如：收入，教育或健康。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：幸福被描述为一种积极的情绪。bedescribedas意为“被描述为”，as为介词，表示“作为”。故填as。【42题详解】考查现在分词。句意：有很多带来快乐的因素。根据句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，factor与contribute是主动关系，故现在分词作定语。contributeto引发，带来，导致。故填contributing。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：一个处于表面上理想的情况下的人不一定幸福。修饰形容词happy用副词,用副词。故填necessarily。【44题详解】考查代词。句意：良好的教育和收入被认为是幸福的必要。尽管两者都起到作用，但是他们只是主要的因素。此处用they代指Agoodeducationandincome。故填they。【45题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：富有的人不一定比中产阶级或低收入的人更加幸福。“the+形容词”表一类人。therich意为“富有的人”，作主语谓语动词用复数。故填are。【46题详解】考查固定句式。句意：人们相信这主要是因为他们有更多的机会控制他们的人生。根据句子结构判断此处考查固定句式itisbelievedthat…“据信…；人们相信…”。故填isbelieved。【47题详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：人们相信这主要是因为他们有更多的机会控制他们的人生。根据句意可知，此处考查原因状语从句。故填because。【48题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：人们相信这主要是因为他们有更多的机会控制他们的人生。根据前面的修饰语their可知，此处life应该用复数。故填lives。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：身体健康状况差并不会把幸福排除在外，除非是很严重的残疾。disabled残疾的，与前面的the连用表示一类人。故填disabled。【50题详解】考查不定式作宾语。句意：学会应对健康问题有助于提升幸福指数。learntodo学会做…。故填tocope。【点睛】“据说”句型解读Itissaid(reported,learned)that

该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说”。ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplaying-cardsweredesignedforentertainmentandeducation.据说早期欧洲的纸牌是为娱乐和教育设计的。类似itissaidthat…句式的特点是：均以it作形式主语，均在谓语后接that从句（其实为主语从句），译成汉语时通常用“据……”表示，如根据主句谓语动词的意思不同可以译成“据说”“据信”“据估计”“据报道”“据传闻”等。这类句式比较常见的有以下一些：1.Itisbelievedthat…据说……，据信……It’sbelievedthatthetroopshavealreadycrossedtheborder.据信军队已越过边界。2.Itisexpectedthat…据估计……，预计……，估计……It’sexpectedthatthewarwouldendsoon.预计战争不久即可结束。3.Itisknownthat…众所周知……，人们认为……Itisknownthatheishonest.众所周知，他是个老实人。4.Itisreportedthat…据报道……Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouseisbeingbuiltatpresentinthedisasterarea.据报道，灾区如今正在建设许多新房。本题中第6小题考查了句型itisbelievedthat…“据信…；人们相信…”。itisbelievedthatthisismainlybecausetheyhavemoreopportunitytocontroltheirlives(人们相信这主要是因为他们有更多的机会控制他们的人生。)。故填isbelieved。18.IwasalwaystoldthatthethreePs,patience,positivethinkingandperseverance（毅力），wereasurepath

61

success.Butthisadvicedoesnotalwaysworkasplanned.Myhighschoolmathexamisoneexample.Theexam,

62

wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,

63

(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.This,

64

，didn’tbothermebecausemathhadalwaysbeenmystrongestsubject.Ipatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelax

65

.ButmymoodquicklychangedwhenIsaw66

firstquestion.Ihadnoideahowtodoit.Itriedtostaypositiveandpersevered

67

Ifinallyfoundthesolution.Withtheproblem

68

(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement.

69

(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft

70

(complete)therest!参考答案：

1.to

2.which

3.waschanged

4.however

5.myself

6.the

7.until/till

8.solved

9.Unfortunately

10.tocomplete三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Thereseemsnevertohavebeenacivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttogivechildrensomethingtodo.Intheancientworld,asistoday,mostboysplayedwithsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithanother.Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirlsarebeingprepared,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworld.Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostlyintermsofcraftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsoftheworldandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing.InEgypt,America,China,JapanandamongtheArcticpeople,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Differencesdependedonlocalcustomsandwayoflifebecausetoysimitatetheirsurrounding.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltothecarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofwaysup.Theprogressfromarattle(拨浪鼓)usedbyababyin3,000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimeandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.63.Thereasonwhythetoysmostboysplaywitharedifferentfromthosethatgirlsplaywithisthat________.A.boysliketoplaywiththeirfatherswhilegirlwiththei